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考研外语押题预测卷1
一、UseofEnglish
1、【C1】
A.Asregardsto
B.Regardlessof
C.Withregardto
D.Inregardto
2、【C2】
A.muchless
B.abundant
C.alotmore
D.surplus
3、【C3】
A.advanced
B.industrialized
C.developed
D.mechanized
4、【C4】
A.exceeds
B.outnumbers
C.overtakes
D.outstrips
5、【C5】
A.with
B.at
C.in
D.on
6、【C6】
A.intheformer
B.ofthepast
C.intheearly
D.intheearlier
7、【C7】
A.added
B.increased
C.brought
D.totaled
8、【C8】
A.arrived
B.stopped
C.set
D.remained
9、【C9】
A.However
B.Nevertheless
C.Moreover
D.And
10、【C10】
A.lessenedto
B.shrankby
C.deduced
D.restrainedin
11、【C11】
A.suffered
B.experienced
C.undertaken
D.endured
12、【C13】
A.minimized
B.reduced
C.lessened
D.relieved
13、【C14】
A.because
B.though
C.as
D.where
14、【C15】
A.by
B.for
C.to
D.in
15、【C16】
A.preserve
B.conserve
C.improve
D.protect
16、【C17】
A.numbers
B.amounts
C.figures
D.plenty
17、【C18】
A.off
B.out
C.back
D.down
18、【C19】
A.discouraged
B.unwilling
C.forbidden
D.inclined
19、【C20】
A.position
B.function
C.task
D.role
二、ReadingComprehension
1、Whydothemediaalwaysreportsensationaltopics?
A.Journalistsoftodayareexcitedaboutconveyingthesetopics.
B.Newscastsandnewspaperspaytheutmostattentiontothesetopics.
C.Thesetopicsholdgreaterappealforthepublicthananyothertopics.
D.Audiencesoftodaydon'tbelievewhatisgoodandvaluable.
2、Anxioustocapturethereader'sattention,somejournalists
A.attempttoaddspicetowritingwithinventedincidents.
B.utilizeeventsandactionstocompetewitheachother.
C.exploittheshortattentionspanandsensationalizethestory.
D.reportonlytheunfamiliarincidentstoseekshort-termthrill.
3、Someworksaresoughtandrereadbecause
A.theysavetimeforthereadersandviewers.
B.theyareresponsibleforthereaders.
C.theyreportinternationalincidents.
D.theyarepiecesofactivewriting.
4、Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingmightbetrueofthejournalists?
A.Theyseektheeasywayout.
B.Languageisthetoolofthem.
C.Thetruthisneverconveyedintheirreport.
D.Theyonlywanttoexploitthereaders.
5、Whichofthefollowingservesasthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ReturntoVividDescription
B.AudienceDistractedbyJournalists
C.Journalists:SensationalismSellers
D.HowtoBecomeaCompetentReporter
6、Comparedwiththerequirementsoflaw,thepercentagegoalssetbysomefederalandlocalagenciesare
A.morepopularwithlargecorporations.
B.moreconcrete.
C.lesscontroversial.
D.lessexpensivetoenforce.
7、Thefailureofalargebusinesstomakebidsforsubcontractsyieldordersmightcauseitto
A.experiencefrustrationbutnotseriousfinancialharm.
B.facepotentiallycripplingfixedexpenses.
C.havetorecorditseffortsonformsfiledwiththegovernment.
D.increaseitsspendingwithminoritysubcontractors.
8、Theresponseofcorporatestoworkingwithminoritysubcontractorsis
A.distressing.
B.indifferent.
C.promising.
D.obscure.
9、Whichofthefollowingisadangertominoritybusinesses?
A.MinoritybusinessesmayexpandtooslowtocompetewiththeWhite-ownedcompanies.
B.MinoritybusinessesmaybetakenadvantagebyWhite-ownedcompanies.
C.Minoritybusinessesmaybetooindependenttocontrol.
D.Minoritybusinessesmayrelytoomuchongovernmentsupport.
10、Theprimarypurposeofthetextisto
A.presentacommonplaceideaanditsinaccuracies.
B.describeasituationanditspotentialdrawbacks.
C.proposeatemporarysolutiontoaproblem.
D.analyzeafrequentsourceofdisagreement.
11、"Malthusians"(Line1-2,Para.3)probablyheldthat
A.fatnesscouldbeattributedtoevolution.
B.foodwouldn'tfeedallthepeopleontheearth.
C.itwasharmfulforpeopletobeobese.
D.thenumberofstarvingpeopledecreased.
12、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthebiggestprobleminhistoryis
A.therichwerefat,thepoorwerethin.
B.peoplestoredenergyingoodyears.
C.therewasnotenoughfoodtoeat.
D.peoplecouldn'tstopsmoking.
13、WhydoestheauthormentionFatherChristmasandthefourhorsesoftheApocalypse'!
A.Todrawaparallelbetweenthetwo.
B.Toshowhowfatpeopleonearthare.
C.Tointroducethehealthrisksinobesity.
D.Tomakethetextinteresting.
14、Whydoestheauthorcomparesmokingwithobesityinthistext?
A.Theyarebothproblemsdifficulttosettle.
B.Theycanleadtothesamediseases.
C.Theyarebothbadhabits.
D.Theyarebothharmfultohealth.
15、Whatdoestheauthormeanby"peoplearestillpilingonthepounds"?
A.Peopleareaccumulatingwealth.
B.Peoplearegettingthinner.
C.Peoplearelosingounces.
D.Peoplearegainingweight.
16、WelearnfromthetextthatLyttonStrachey'sbook
A.washighlycriticalofthecontemporarypeopleandinstitutions.
B.wasguiltyofspreadingprejudicesagainsttheVictorians.
C.wiselydescribedthequalitiesofthepeopleoftheage.
D.superficiallypraisedtheheroicdeedsoftheVictorians.
17、WhichofthefollowingcanexemplifythechangeintheattitudestowardstheVictorians?
A.Thecelebrationofthe100thanniversaryofQueenVictoria'sdeath.
B.ThedisclosureoftheeventsorpeopleabouttheVictorianagebythemedia.
C.TherisingofthepublicawarenessthatVictoriawasthelastgreatepoch.
D.TheappearanceofanewbookregardingVictoriansascreatorsofthemodernworld.
18、Theword"gadgets"(Line3,Para.3)probablymeans
A.appliances.
B.engines.
C.devices.
D.tools.
19、ThedarkersideoftheVictorianperiodismentionedto
A.giveprooftoKarlMarx'sDasKapital.
B.testifythesocialconscienceofthatperiod.
C.exposethesocialinjusticesandevils.
D.demonstratetheVictorians'goodsenseofrightandwrong.
20、What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheVictorianAge?
A.Approval.
B.Sarcastic.
C.Indifferent.
D.Hostile.
21、PartB(10points)
CanadiansliketothinkthatalthoughtheyarethejuniorpartnerintheirtraderelationswiththeUnitedStates,the174billionbarrelsofprovenreservesintheoilsandsofAlbertaprovideapowerfulaceuptheirsleeveinanydealingswiththeirenergy-hungryneighbor.ThatbeliefhasnowbeenshakenbyanAmericanlawthatappearstoprohibitAmericangovernmentagenciesfrombuyingcrudeproducedintheoilsandsofthewesternprovince.
41.______.Butthatistheeffectofbanningfederalagenciesfrombuyingalternativeorsyntheticfuel,includingthatfromnon-conventionalsources,iftheirproductionanduseresultinmoregreenhousegasesthanconventionaloil.TransformingAlberta'starrymuckintoabarrelofoilisanenergy-intensiveprocessthatproducesaboutthreetimestheemissionsofabarrelofconventionallightsweetcrude.
Havingwokenbelatedlytothedanger,theCanadiangovernmentisnowscramblingtosecureanexception.MichaelWilson,Canada'sambassadorinWashington,haswrittentoAmerica'ssecretaryofdefense,RobertGates(whosedepartmentisabigpurchaserofCanadianoil),stressingAmericandependenceonCanadianoil,electricity,naturalgasanduraniumimports,andnotingthatsomeofthebiggestplayersintheAlbertaoilpatchareAmericancompanies.Mr.WilsonaddedplaintivelythatbothGeorgeBushandhisenergysecretary,SamuelBodman,havepubliclywelcomedexpandedoil-sandsproduction,giventheincreasedcontributiontoAmericanenergysecurity.42.______.
ThefearinCanadaisthattheAmericanpurchasingrestriction,whichatpresentappliesonlytofederalagencies,isthestartofawholesaleshifttogreeneraswellasmoreprotectionistpoliciesunderaCongressandpotentiallyaWhiteHousecontrolledbytheDemocrats.43.______.
YetenvironmentalistspointoutthatCanadaisnowpayingforitsownfoot-draggingatthefederallevelongreeninitiatives.HavingsignedtheKyotoagreementunderapreviousLiberalgovernment,Canadadidlittletostopitsemissionsrising.Theyarenowalmost35%abovetheKyototarget.AndalthoughMr.Bairdlikestodescribehisplanastough,itwillnotbringCanadaintolinewithKyoto.44.______.
ThevaguenessoftheproposedfederalrulesdidnotstopthepremierofAlberta,EdStelmach,fromgivingadefiantwarningthathewillstandupfortheinterestsofAlbertans(readoilindustry)andwillbeexaminingtheconstitutiontoensurethatthefederalgovernment'sproposedplandoesnotintrudeonprovincialjurisdiction.HisprovincehasoneoftheweakestenvironmentalregimesinCanada.
45.______.ButevenifadealisreachedwiththeoutgoingBushadministration,anyexceptionforCanadamaybeshort-livedifgreeningDemocratstaketheWhiteHouseinNovember.
[A]Since1999,CanadahasbeenthelargestsupplierofU.S.crudeandrefinedoilimports.In2022,Canadiancrudeoilandpetroleumproductsrepresented18%ofU.S.crudeoilimports,atnearly2.5millionbarrelsperday.From2022to2022,thevolumeofCanadiancrudeoilexportstotheUnitedStatesincreasedby7.4%peryear.
[B]JohnBaird,theCanadianenvironmentminister,referredthisweektotheAmericanmovewhenheunveilednewproposalstoreduceindustrialemissionsinCanada,includingtheoilsands,by20%by2022.BigstateslikeCaliforniaweremakingsimilarpronouncements,hetoldreporters.Theoilsandswereanimportantnationalresource,buthadtobeexpandedinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.
[C]AsCanada'srepresentativeinWashington,Mr.WilsonisthepointmanonCanada'slobbyingeffortseithertokilltheBuyAmericanclause,ortogetaspecialexemptionforCanada.
[D]TheEnergyIndependenceandSecurityAct2022didnotsetouttodiscriminateagainstCanada,America'sbiggestsupplierofoil.
[E]Withenergyexports,mainlyfromAlberta,drivingtheCanadianeconomy,thisisnotahappythoughtforCanadians.
[F]AlthoughtheCanadianembassysaysthattherehasbeennoofficialresponsetoMr.Wilson'sletter,therearereportsoftalksgoingoninWashingtonaimedataddressingCanada'sconcerns.
[G]Therulesfortheoilsands,nowthefastestgrowingsourceofgreenhousegases,haveyettobefinalizedandwillnotcomeintoforceuntil2022.Furthermore,theyrelyoncarboncapture,apromisingbutun-proventechnology.
(41)
22、(42)
23、(43)
24、(44)
25、(45)
26、PartC
Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)
What'syourearliestmemory?Doyourememberlearningtowalk?Thebirthofasibling?Nurseryschool?Adultsrarelyremembereventsfrommuchbeforekindergarten,justaschildrenyoungerthan3or4seldomrecallanyspecificexperiences(asdistinctfromgeneralknowledge).Psychologistshavefloatedallsortsofexplanationsforthis"childhoodamnesia".Thereductionistsappealedtotheneurological,arguingthatthehippocampus,thebrainregionresponsibleforformingmemories,doesn'tmatureuntilabouttheageof2.Butthereigningtheoryholdsthatsinceadultsdonotthinklikechildren,theycannotaccesschildhoodmemories.Adultsarestruckwithgrown-up"schema",thebarebonesofnarratives.(46)Whentheyrifflethroughthementalfilingcabinetinsearchoffragmentsofchildhoodmemoriestohangonthisnarrativeskeleton,accordingtothistheory,theydon'tfindanythatfit.It'sliketryingtofindtheFrenchwordinanEnglishindex.
NowpsychologistKatherineNelsonoftheCityUniversityofNewYorkoffersanewexplanationforchildhoodamnesia.(47)Shearguesthatchildrendon'tevenform.lasting,long-termmemoriesofpersonalexperiencesuntiltheylearntousesomeoneelse'sdescriptionofthoseexperiencestoturntheirownshort-term,fleetingrecollectionsintopermanentmemories.Inotherwords,childrenhavetotalkabouttheirexperiencesandhearotherstalkaboutthem—hearMomrecountthatday'striptothedinosaurmuseum,hearDadrememberaloudtheirtriptotheamusementpark.
Whyshouldmemorydependsoheavilyonnarrative?Nelsonmarshalsevidencethatthemindstruc
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