2023年考研外语强化练习9

考研外语强化练习9

一、UseofEnglish

1、Thoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleave(1)_____jobsformen,theideahasbeenrejectedbybothwomenandmeninpublic(2)_____polls.

Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenareemployedintypesofworkwere(3)_____formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake(4)_____forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomen,especiallywomenintheirchild-bearingyears.(5)_____delayeconomicdevelopmentandresult(6)_____lowerproductivity,poorqualityandinefficiency.

Tosolvetheproblem,theysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome(7)_____theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethat(8)_____thesecircumstances,familieswould(9)_____theirsamelevelofincome,andwomencouldrunthehouseand(10)_____childrenmuchbetter.

Thesuggestion,(11)_____,hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people(12)_____.

Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway(13)_____"phasedemployment'theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake(14)_____fromherjobwhensheissevenmonthspregnantandstayoffthejob(15)_____herbabyreachestheageof3.@Itsuggeststhatwomen(16)_____leavereceive75percentoftheir(17)_____salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree-yearperiod.Thiswill(18)_____children,women,theirfamiliesandthesocietyandit(19)_____seemstobemoreacceptablethanthesuggestion(20)_____womenreturntotheirhomesforever.

A.more

B.fewer

C.much

D.less

2、(2)

A.attitude

B.reaction

C.idea

D.opinion

3、(3)

A.available

B.suitable

C.reliable

D.practical

4、(4)

A.course

B.route

C.way

D.road

5、(5)

A.strangely

B.unusually

C.approximately

D.actually

6、(6)

A.with

B.in

C.from

D.on

7、(7)

A.though

B.while

C.since

D.until

8、(8)

A.under

B.for

C.with

D.on

9、(9)

A.remain

B.supply

C.support

D.retain

10、(10)

A.grow

B.bring

C.raise

D.feed

11、(11)

A.therefore

B.moreover

C.however

D.thus

12、(12)

A.polling

B.topoll

C.tobepolled

D.polled

13、(13)

A.called

B.calling

C.tocall

D.tobecalled

14、(14)

A.holiday

B.rest

C.leave

D.vacation

15、(15)

A.when

B.until

C.after

D.while

16、(16)

A.in

B.for

C.on

D.with

17、(17)

A.common

B.ordinary

C.normal

D.real

18、(18)

A.profit

B.interest

C.serve

D.benefit

19、(19)

A.finally

B.definitely

C.doubtfully

D.fashionably

20、(20)

A.that

B.which

C.these

D.those

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

AMERICA'Scentralbanksentaclearmessagethisweek.Forthesecondconsecutivemeeting,theFederalOpenMarketCommittee,thecentralbank'spolicy-makingcommittee,leftshort-terminterestratesunchangedat1.75%.Butitsaidthattherisksfacingtheeconomyhadshiftedfromeconomicweaknesstoabalancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.Thisshiftsurprisednoone.Butithasconvincedmanypeoplethatinterestratesaresettoriseagain—andsoon.

Judgingbypricesinfuturesmarkets,investorsarebettingthatshort-terminterestratescouldstartrisingasearlyasMay,andwillbe1.25percentagepointshigherbytheendoftheyear.Thatmaybeexcessive.EconomistsatGoldmanSachs,wholongarguedthatthecentralbankwoulddonothingthisyear,nowexpectshort-termratestogouponly0.75%thisyear,startinginJune.ButvirtuallyeveryonereckonssomeFedtighteningisinthefuture.

Thereason?Afteranunprecedented11rate-cutsin2022,short-terminterestratesareabnormallylow.Asthesignsofrobustrecoverymultiply,analystsexpecttheFedtotakebacksomeoftherate-cutsitusedasan"insurancepolicy"aftertheSeptember11thterroristattack.Buthigherratescouldstillbefurtheroff,particularlyiftherecoveryproveslessrobustthanmanyhope.Themanufacturingsectorisgrowingafter18monthsofdecline.ThemostoptimisticWallStreetersnowexpectGDPtohaveexpandedbybetween5%and60%onanannualbasisinthefirstquarter.

Butonestrongquarterdoesnotimplyasustainablerecovery.Intheshortterm,thebounce-backisbeingdrivenbyadramaticrestockingofinventories.Butitcanbesustainedonlyifcorporateinvestmentrecoversandconsumerspendingstaysbuoyant.Andsinceconsumerspendingheldupsowellduringthe"recession"itisunlikelytojumpnow.

Theseuncertaintiesalonesuggestthecentralbankwillbecautiousaboutraisinginterestrates.Thatcautionisallthemorenecessarygiventhelackofinflationarypressure.AlthoughAmerica'sconsumerpriceshavestoppedfallingonamonthlybasis,thelatestfiguresshowfewsignsofnascentpricepressure.Indeed,giventhehugepressureoncorporateprofits,theFederalReservemightbehappytoseeconsumerpricesriseslightly.Inshort,whileWallStreetfretsaboutwhenandhowmuchinterestrateswillgoup.Theanswermaywellbenotsoonandnotmuch.

Somepeopleexpectedshort-terminterestratestojumpsoonbecausethey

A.stronglybelievedineconomicrecovery.

B.tookforgrantedeconomicexpansion.

C.werecautiousintheirexcessiveinvestment.

D.haddoubtsabouttheeffectsofpricepressure.

2、

Theauthor'sattitudetowardGoldmanSachs'sopinionisoneof

A.reservedconsent.

B.strongdisapproval.

C.enthusiasticsupport.

D.slightcontempt.

3、

TheAmericancentralbankwasreluctanttoraiseinterestratesbecause

A.everybodysawconsumerpricesriseagain.

B.signsofrobusteconomicrecoverymultiplied.

C.investorsreapedrewardsinfuturesmarkets.

D.itwantedtostayawayfromrisksinvolved.

4、

WecanlearnfromthetextthattheAmerica'scentralbank

A.tookadvantageofrate-cutspolicyasaninsurancepolicy.

B.isfairlyconservativeinraisingshort-terminterestrates.

C.triedtostopconsumerpricesfromfreefallingbutinvain.

D.placemonetarypolicy-makinginthehandsofWalkStreeters.

5、

Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextisto

A.refutethenotionthatshort-termrateswillgoupdramatically.

B.justifytheoptimismofWallStreeterstowardseconomicrecoveries.

C.elaborateontheuncertaintiesofFed'spolicy-makingstrategies.

D.illustratethebalancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.

6、"Worsethanuseless,"fumedDarrellIssa,aRepublicancongressmanfromCalifornia,onMarch19th,whentheHouseJudiciaryCommitteeheldahearingontheImmigrationandNaturalizationService."Terrible,andgettingworse,"addedZoeLofgren,aDemocraticcolleaguewhohaskeptawatchfuleyeontheINSfortenyears.

CommitteememberslineduptotakeswingsatJamesZiglar,theheadoftheINS.Heexplained,somewhatpathetically,that"outdatedprocedures"hadkeptthevisa-processingwheelsgrindingslowlythroughabacklogofapplications.Healsohadsomenewrulesinmindtotightenupvisas.Speedingupthepaperwork—andgettingmoreofitontocomputers—isvital,buttheSeptemberattackshaveexposedthetensionbetweentheagency'stwojobs:ontheonehandenforcingthesecurityofAmerica'sborders,andontheothergrantingprivilegessuchasworkpermitstoforeigners.

Butotherpeoplewantmoreradicalchanges.JamesSensenbrenner,aRepublicancongressmanfromWisconsin,wantstosplittheINSintotwoseparatebodies,onedealingwithbordersecurityandtheotherwithhandlingbenefitstoimmigrants.Theotherapproach,favoredintheWhiteHouse,istotreatthetwofunctionsascomplementary,andtogivetheINSevenmoreresponsibilityforsecurity.Underthatplan,theINSwouldmergewiththeCustomsService,whichmonitorsthe20mshipmentsofgoodsbroughtintoAmericaeveryyear,aswellasthebagscarriedinbysome500mvisitors.Thetwoagencieswouldform.onelargebodywithintheDepartmentofJustice,thecurrenthomeoftheINS.Thiswouldcutoutsomeoftheduplicatedeffortatborders,wherecustomsofficersandagentsfromtheINS'sBorderPatroloftenrubshouldersbutdonotworktogether.

Mr.Bush—whohassaidthatthenewsofthevisaapprovalslefthim"plentyhot"—wasexpectedtogivehisapproval.Thesenate,however,maynotbequitesokeen.TheJusticeDepartmentcouldhavetroublehandlingsuchamerger,letalonetakingontheconsiderableeconomicresponsibilitiesoftheCustomsService,whichiscurrentlypartoftheTreasury.

Thesenateprefersyetanothersetofsecurityrecommendations,includinglinksbetweenthedatabasesofdifferentagenciesthatholdsecurityandimmigrationinformation,andscannersatportsofentrytocheckbiometricdatarecordedonimmigrationdocuments.Theseideasareembodiedinabillsponsoredbymembersofbothparties,butarecurrentlyheldupbyRobertByrd,thechairmanoftheSenateAppropriationsCommittee,whoworriesthattherehasnotbeenenoughdebateonthesubject.Mr.Ziglar,poorchap,mayfeeltherehasbeenmorethanenough.

WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatINS______.

A.willbesubjectedtostrongcriticisms.

B.hasbecomethepubliclaughingstock.

C.willtakeupeconomicresponsibilities.

D.haswonthesupportfromMrBush.

7、

Besidesdealingwithbordersecurity,INSalso

A.keepsawatchfuleyeonitself.

B.grantsprivilegestoimmigrants.

C.monitorsshipmentsofgoods.

D.takesadvantageofcomputers.

8、

ThechairmanoftheSenateAppropriationsCommitteewillleavetheissueofINSunsettledbecause

A.theexclusiveresponsibilityofINSisforbordersecurity.

B.hefiguredoutsomenewrulesinmindtotightupvisas.

C.sufficientdebateisanxiouslyrequiredforafinalsolution.

D.mostcongressmenholdunfavorableopinionsonINS.

9、

SuggestionshavebeenraisedontheissueofINSexcept

A.chargeslaunchedagainstitshead.

B.itsmergingwiththeCustomsService.

C.othersecurityrecommendations.

D.itsseparationintotwobodies.

10、

Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ARedundantAgencytobeSplit.

B.UpsetwiththeINS?—No.

C.MergingINSwithCustoms?

D.IneptINS—underFire.

11、Inascience-fictionmoviecalled"Species",amysterioussignalfromouterspaceturnsouttodescribethegenomeofanunknownorganism.WhentheinevitablemadscientistsynthesizestheDNAdescribedbytheinstructions,thecreaturehebreedsfromitturnsouttoresembleNatashaHenstridge,anathleticactress.Unfortunately,thealienharborswithinherdelicateform.thedestructivepowersofaPanzerdivision,anditallendsbadlyfortherashgeneticistandhislaboratory.

GlenEvans,chiefexecutiveofEgeaBiosciencesinSanDiego,California,acknowledgesregretfullythatdespiteseekinghisexpertopinion—inreturnforwhichhewaspresentedwiththeposterofthestrikingMr.Henstridgethathangsonhisofficewall—theproducersof"Species"didnothewverycloselytohissuggestionsaboutthefeasibilityoftheirscript.ideas.Still,theyhadcometotherightman.DrEvansbelievesthathisfirmwillsoonbeabletocreate,ifnotanaliensuccubus,atleastatinybiologicalmachinemadeofartificialproteinsthatcouldmimicthebehavior.ofalivingcell.

MakingsuchproteinswillrequiretheabilitytosynthesizelongstretchesofDNA.ExistingtechnologyforsynthesizingDNAcanmanagetomakegenesthatencodeafewdozenaminoacids,butthisistooshorttoproduceanyinterestingproteins.Egea'stechnology,bycontrast,wouldallowbiologiststomanufacturegeneswholesale.Thefirm'sscientistscanmakegeneslongenoughtoencode6,000aminoacids.Theyaimtosynthesizeagenefor30,000aminoacidswithintwoyears.

Usingalibraryoftheroughly1,500possible"motifs"orfoldsthataproteincanadopt,Egea'sscientistsemploycomputerstodesignnewproteinsthatarelikelytohavedesirableshapesandproperties.TosynthesizetheDNAthatencodestheseproteins,Egeausesamachineithasdubbedthe"

AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesize,Dr.EvanslikensthisdevicetoawordprocessorforDNA,onwhichyoucantypeinthesequenceoflettersdefiningapieceofDNAandgetthatmoleculeout.

AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesize,Dr.Evansenvisagesencodingnotjustproteins,butentirebiochemicalpathways,whichareteamsofproteinsthatconductmetabolicprocesses.Acollectionofsuchmoleculescouldconceivablyfunctionasaminiaturemachinethatwouldoperateinthebodyandattackdisease,justasthebody'sowndefensivecellsdo.PerhapsDr.EvansandhiscolleaguesoughttogetintouchwiththeirfriendsinHollywood.

Thispassageismainly

A.aboutanewapplicationofcomputers.

B.areviewofascience-fictionmovie.

C.aboutthesynthesizinginterestingDNA.

D.asurveyofscientificbreakthroughs.

12、

Theexpression"hewverycloselyto"canbebestreplacedby

A.shedlighton.

B.adherestrictlyto.

C.stayawayfrom.

D.giveplayto.

13、

TheDNAdesignedbyEvan'stechnologydiffersstrikinglyfromthatsynthesizedbyexistingtechnologyinthattheformerischaracterizedbyits

A.desirableshapeandlength.

B.imitationofalivingcell.

C.delicatebutdestructivepower.

D.resistancetoepidemics.

14、

ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesynthesizingDNAtechnologyshouldbeused

A.extravagantlyandfreely.

B.flexiblyandexcessively.

C.reasonablyandcautiously.

D.openlyandvigorously.

15、

ElenEvans'technologyofnewproteindesignmayproveuseful

A.inathletictrainingprograms.

B.infilmmakingspectacles.

C.insoftwareprogramming.

D.inmedicaltreatments.

16、PresidentBushtakestothebullypulpittodeliverasternlecturetoAmerica'sbusinesselite.TheJusticeDept.stunstheaccountingprofessionbyfilingacriminalindictmentofArthurAndersenLLPfordestroyingdocumentsrelatedtoitsauditsofEnronCorp.OnCapitolHill,somecongressionalpanelspushonwithbiasedhearingsonEnron'scollapseand,now,anotherbustedNewEconomystar,telecom'sGlobalCrossing.Lawmakerssignontonewbillsaimedattighteningoversightofeverythingfrompensionsandaccountingtoexecutivepay.

Toanyspectators,itwouldbeeasytoconcludethatthewindsofchangearesweepingCorporateAmerica,ledbyGeorgeW.Bush,whoranas"areformerwithresult."Butfarfromdeconstructingthecorporateworldbrickbybrickintosomethingcleaner,sparer,andstronger,Bushaidesandmanylegislatorsarepreparingmodestlegislativeandadministrativereforms.Insteadofanoverhaul,Bush'steamiscountingonitsenforcers,JusticeandanewlyempoweredSecurities＆ExchangeCommission,tomakeexamplesofthemostegregiousoffenders.Theideaisthatbusinesswillquicklygetthemessageandcleanupitsownact.

Whywon'ttheoutragedrhetoricresultinmorechanges?Forstarters,theBushAdministrationwarnsthatanyrushtolegislatecorporatebehavior.couldproducearaftofflawedbillsthatraisecostswithouthaltingabuses.Businesshasstriventodrivethepointhomewithanintenselobbyingblitzthathasconvincedmanylawmakersthatover-regulationcouldstartlethestockmarketandperhapsendangerthenascenteconomicrecovery.

AllthissetsthestageforWashingtontogetbusywithpredictablymodestresults.Asurgeofcautionissweepingwould-bereformersontheHill."Theyknowtheydon'twanttomakeabigmistake,"saysJerryJ.Jasinowski,presidentoftheNationalAssociationofManufacturers.Thatgo-slowapproachsuitstheWhiteHouse.AidessaythePresident,whilepersonallydisgustedbyEnron'sselloutofitspensioners,isreluctanttoembracenewsanctionsthatfrustrateevenlaw-abidingcorporationsandcreatealitigationbonanzafortriallawyers.Instead,theWhiteHousewillpushfornarrowlytargetedaction,mostofitcarriedoutbytheSEC,theTreasuryDept.,andtheLaborDept.Therightoutcome,TreasurySecretaryPaulH.O'NeillsaidonMar.15,"dependsontheCongressnotlegislatingthingsthatareoverthetop."

ToO'NeillandBush,thatmeansenforcingcurrentlawsbeforepassingtoomanynewones.NowhereisthatstanceclearerthanintheAndersenindictment.SotheBushAdministrationleftthedecisiontoJusticeDsecutorsratherthanWhiteHousepoliticaloperativesortheirreformistfellowsattheSEC.

Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat

A.theJusticeDepartmentseizedontheplightofEnron'sworkers.

B.theWhiteHouserecognizedthatstrictercontrolisapoliticalmust.

C.ThePresidentwasdeterminedtoturnareformedAndersenintoamodel.

D.theWhiteHouserespondedstronglytotheAndersen'sscandal.

17、

By"outragedrhetoric"(Paragraph3),theauthoristalkingabout

A.anintenselobbyblitzshownincorporatebehavior.

B.theindignationdisplayedbysomecongressmen.

C.adecisionleftuptoJusticeDsecutors.

D.themessageembodiedinthePresident'sactions.

18、

ItseemsthatthePresident,infaceofthepresentsituation,

A.mustembracenewsanctions.

B.shouldavoidlawenforcement.

C.maybecaughtinadilemma.

D.canstopdeliveringlectures.

19、

TheconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetextthatinthewakeofAndersen'sscandal,thegovernment

A.maymakeonlymodestchange.

B.willtakedrasticcountermeasures.

C.willadoptcorporaterestructuring.

D.willinvestigateEnron'scollapse.

20、

Whattheauthorwantstosuggestmaybebestinterpretedas

A.Crimedoesn'tpay.

B.Hastemakeswaste.

C.Lookbeforeyouleap.

D.Likefather,likeson.

21、PartB(10points)

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-G.Someoftheparagraphshavebeenplacedforyou.(10points)

A.ABBCtelevisionserieshasraisedthequestionofwhethercatsshouldbekeptindoorsatnight.Wildlifeexpertssaykeepingcatslockedupfromdusktodawnwillpreventmuchofthecarnagetheycreate,andwillalsomeantheyarelesslikelytoberunover.MammalexpertProfessorSteveHarris,fromBristolUniversity,said:"Themessageisclear,mostpeopleareheartilysickofhavingtheirneighbours'catsintheirgardens".

B.Eventoday,someviewtheblackcatasanomenofmisfortune.EventheEnglishlanguageisstackedagainstthemoggy.Spitefulpeoplearedubbedasbeing"catty".Araucouscryisa"caterwaul".Atwork,agreedy,lazybossisa"fatcat".

C.AnewsurveyintheUKindicatesthatcatscomesecondonlytoratsasthelatestfavoritemammaltovisitourgardens.TheUK's10millioncatshavehaditroughoflate,drawingharshcriticismbecauseoftheirbloodlustandhabitofviewingthenation'sgardensastheirownpersonaltoilets.

D.ThoughtheanimalsaretheUK'sfavoritepets,Britishgardenershavestruckbackbycrowningthecatasoneofthemostunwelcomevisitorstotheirplots—votingthemonlyslightlymorepopularthanratsinthenewpoll.

E.TheMammalSociety,whichconductedthesurveysayscatscutaswathethroughthenation'swildlife,killingaround300millionanimalseveryyear."Catsaresolitarypredatoryhunter.Peopleaskwhytheykillwhentheyareclearlywell-fed...butacat'smotivationtohuntisquiteseparatefromitsdesiretosatisfyhunger."Evenwithafullstomach,acatcannotresistthestimuliofpreypassingnearby,saysMsHeath,authorofWhyDoesMyCat."Itdoesn'tmakesenseforacattowaituntilit'shungrytocatchfood—theremaybenonearoundthen.Bettertohuntwhenthere'stheopportunityandhidethefoodaway."

F.But,tobefair,theBritishcan'thatecatsthatmuch.ArecentreportfoundthatthegenerosityoftheBritishtowardsthecathascausedoneinfourofthecreaturestobecomeclinicallyobese.

G.Britain'sgardenershaverevealedoneoftheirgreatestpethates—otherpeople'scats.Okay,they'resadisticmurderers,butisitfairthatcatshavebeenratedasbeingasdetestableasratsinapollofBritishgardeners?

Order:GisthefirstparagraphandFisthelast.

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

PeopleintheUnitedStatesinthenineteenthcenturywerehauntedbytheprospectthatunprecedentedchangeinthenation'seconomywouldbringsocialchaos.(46)Intheyearsfollowing1820,