应用型大学英语视听说教程2单元答案

1.YuriGagarinwasaSovietcosmonaut(前苏联宇航员).On12April1961,hebecamethefirsthumaninouterspaceandthefirsttoorbit(环绕)theEarth.Hereceivedmedalsfromaroundtheworldforhispioneeringtourspace.in2.ChristopherColumbuswasanavigator(航海家whosevoyagesacrosstheAtlanticOceanledtogeneralEuropeanawarenessofthehisfour)andexplorerAmericancontinents.Withvoyagesofexploration,heinitiatedtheprocessofEuropeancolonizationoftheNewWorld.3.MountEverest,orMountQomolangma,isthehighestmountainonEarth,asmeasuredbytheheightabovesealevelofitssummit,8,848meters.Itattractsclimbersmountaineersofalllevels,fromwell-experiencedtonewclimberswillingtopaysubstantialsumstoprofessionalmountainguidestocompleteasuccessfulclimb.1.WhatachievementshavehumansmadeinspaceexplorationsincethebeginningoftheSpaceAge?WhatareChina'srecentachievementsinspaceexploration?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Humanshavesucceededinlandingonthemoon/exploringMars.OnOct.15,2003,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstmannedspacecraft,ShenzhouV.OnOct.12,2005,ShenzhouⅥ,thesecondmannedspaceflightfromChina,waslaunchedintospace.OnSept.12,2008,ShenzhouⅦ,carryingthreecrewmembers,waslaunchedintospace.2.Canyounameanyexplorers?Doyouknowtheirachievements?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：MarcoPolowasagreatexplorer.HetraveledacrossAsiainthe1200s.LouisJolietwasafamousCanadianexplorerwhoexploredtheGreatLakesanddiscoveredtheMississippiRiver.1.2/32.1/53.10.0336.93.18%.31%7.telephone8.telephonenumber3820115210.Room116number66/13200(66743200)9.Room2011)Listentothereportandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.HowdidNASAcarryoutitsexperimenttodiscoverwateronthemoon?a.NASAcrashedarocketintothemoontoexpelsoilfromitssurface.b.NASAsentanastronauttothemoontogathersoilfromitssurface.c.NASAsentarockettothemoontodigoutsoilfromitssurface.d.NASAcrashedarockintothemoontoejectsoilfromitssurface.2)Nowlistentothereportagainandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.WhichofthefollowingistheresultofNASA'sexperiment?a.Thereareaboutonehundredkilogramsofwateronthemoon.b.Thereismorewateronthemoonthanoriginallythought.c.Thereisnowateronthemoon.d.ThereismorewateronthemoonthanthereisonEarth.1)Listentothereportandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.WhichofthefollowingmethodsforsendinginformationisNOTmentionedinthereport?a.Byship.b.Byhorse.c.Bysheep.d.Bybird.2)Nowlistentothereportagainandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.Whatdoyouknowaboutthetelegraph?a.Thefirstusefultelegraphsweredevelopedinthe18thcentury.b.Thetelegraphusedwiresandelectricitytosendinformation.c.Eachwordandeachnumberhadtobesentseparatelybyadevicecalledatelegraphkey.d.Birdsareafasterwaytosendinformationthanthetelegraph.firsthuman[ReferenceAnswer:firstmoon[Reference3.freedom[ReferenceAnswer:freedom2.human]Answer:moon]1.WhendidYuriGagaringointospace?a.OnApril2nd,1961.b.OnApril12th,1961.c.OnApril20th,1961.d.OnApril22nd,1961.2.In"America'snewpresidentneededtomakehisowngrandgesture",whatdoesthe"grandgesture"referto?a.AmericawouldlaunchawaragainsttheSovietUnion.b.Americawouldsendmorepeopleintospace.c.Americawouldbuildarocketwithmoreadvancedtechnology.d.Americawouldsendamantothemoon.3.HowfaristhemoonfromtheEarth?a.24,000miles.b.240,000miles.c.25,000miles.d.250,000miles.1.Fortheeyesoftheworld,nowtookinto(lookandinto)space,theplanetstothemoonbeyond.2.Andwehavevowedthatweshallnotseeitgovernedbyhostileflagofconquest,butbyabanneroffreedomandpeace.3.Wechoosetogotothemooninthisdecadeanddotheotherthings,notbecausetheyareeasy,butbecausetheyarehard.4.Weshallsendtothemoonagiantrocketmorethan300feettall,madeofnewmetalalloys,someofwhichhavenotyetbeeninvented.5.Anddoallthisanddoitrightdecadeisout,thenwemustbeboldanddoitfirstbeforethis.1.Nameoneortwoearlyideasabouttheoriginoftheuniverse.Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Theuniversearrivedafterasnail'sshellmysteriouslyreleasedahenandapigeon./Agiantemergedfromanenormousegg.2.DescribeProfessorHoyle'stheoryabouttheoriginoftheuniverse.Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Theuniversehasalwaysbeenaround.Ithadnobeginning,it'llhavenoend,butisprettymuchthewayweseeittoday.3.Whatdoesthebigbangtheorytellus?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Theuniversesomehowwascreatedoutofnothinginanalmightyexplosion.A:Doyouknowanythingabouttheoriginoftheuniverse?B:Yes,I'vereadsomebooksconcerningthisissue.Therearetwomajortheories.A:Youmeanthesteadystatetheoryandthebigbangtheory?B:Exactly.Ifindthefirstonereallyamazing.Ibelievetheuniversehasalwaysbeenaround.Ithadnobeginningandit'llhavenoend.A:Soyoupreferthesteadystatetheory?B:That'sright.A:Ihatetodisagreewithyou,butIthinkthebigbangtheoryismoreconvincing.Astronomershavefoundthattheolduniversedidnotlookthesameasitdoesnow,sothesteadystatetheorydoesnotseemcorrect.Infact,thebigbangtheoryisthestandardviewtoday.B:I'mafraidtherearemanyproblemswiththebigbangtheoryaswell.A:Likewhat?B:Thetheorysaysthebigexplosiontookplaceabout15billionyearsago,right?A:Right.B:Thenhowcanyouexplainthefactthatsomestarsarethoughttobeolderthan15billionyears?A:Well…B:Andthereareotherquestions.Whydidtheuniverseexplodeintoexistence?Whathappenedbeforethebigbang?A:I'mafraidIcan'tansweryourquestions.Maybeneitherofthetheoriesisperfect.B:Iagreewithyouonthispoint.Itmaytakealongtimeforhumanbeingstofindasatisfactorytheorytoexplaintheoriginoftheuniverse.OnthefirstdayGodcreatedthecow.Godsaid,"(1)Youmustgotothefieldwiththefarmeralldaylongandsufferunderthesun,havecalves,andgivemilktosupportthefarmer.Iwillgiveyoualifespanofsixtyyears."Thecowsaid,"(2)That'sakindoftoughlifeyouwantmetoliveI'llgivebacktheotherforty."forsixtyyears.LetmehavetwentyyearsandAndGodagreed.Onthesecondday,Godcreatedthedog.Godsaid,"Sitalldaybythedoorofyourhouseand(3)barkatanyonewhocomesinorwalkspast.Iwillgiveyoualifespanoftwentyyears."Thedogsaid,"That'stoolongtobebarking.GivemetenyearsandI'llgivebacktheotherten."SoGodagreed.OnthethirddayGodcreatedthemonkey.Godsaid,"Entertainpeople,domonkeytricks,andmakethemlaugh.I'llgiveyouatwenty-yearlifespan."Themonkeysaid,"Howboring!Monkeytricksfortwentyyears?Idon'tthinkso.Doggaveyoubackten,sothat'swhatI'lldotoo,okay?"AndGodagreedagain.OnthefourthdayGodcreatedman.Godsaid,"(4)Eat,sleep,play.Donothing,justenjoy,enjoy(Eat,sleep,play.Donothing,justenjoy,enjoy).I'llgiveyoutwentyyears."Mansaid,"What?Onlytwentyyears?Noway!Tellyouwhat,I'lltakemytwenty,andthefortycowgaveback,andthetendoggaveback,andthetenmonkeygaveback.Thatmakeseighty,okay?""Okay,"saidGod."You'vegotadeal."Sothisiswhyforthefirsttwentyyearsweeat,sleep,play,enjoy,anddonothing;forthenextfortyyearsweslaveinthesuntosupportourfamily;forthenexttenyears(5)wedomonkeythckstoentertalnourgrandchildren(wedomonkeytrickstoentertainourgrandchildren);andforthelasttenyearswesitinfrontofthehouseandbarkateverybody.U3Anuclearfamilycontainsamarriedcoupleandtheirchildren,andbothparentsarethebiologicalchildren.parentsoftheir2.Anextendedfamilyconsistsofthebiologicaloradoptiveparents,theirchildren,andothercloserelatives,suchasthegrandparents,aunts,uncles,cousins,andsometimesmoredistantrelatives.3.Ahomosexualfamilyconsistsofacoupleofthesamebiologicalsexorsocialgender,andtheymighthaveadoptedchildren.4.specificgender(Single-parent)familiesarefamilieswithchildrenunderage18headedbyaparentwhoiswidowedordivorcedandnotremarried,orbyaparentwhohasnevermarried.1.Canyounameanyfamilytype?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Therearequiteafewfamilytypes,suchasthenuclearfamily,theextendedfamily,thehomosexualfamily,theinternationalfamilyorcross-culturalfamily,thestepfamily(alsoknownasablendedfamilyorreconstitutedfamily,i.e.afamilyinwhichoneorbothmembersofthecouplehavechildrenfromapreviousfamily),thesingle-parentfamily,andthepolygamistfamily.2.Whichfamilytypedoyouprefer,theextendedfamilyorthenuclearfamily?Why?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Itdepends.IfIhaveafull-timejobandmychildisstillyoung,Ipreferanextendedfamilytoanuclearfamily,thatis,livingtogetherwithmyparentsorparents-in-law,becausetheycanhelptakecareofthebaby.3.Whoisthebreadwinner(挣钱养家的人)inyourfamily?Whoseincomeislarger?Whohasthefinalsay?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Bothmyfatherandmymotherarethebreadwinnersinmyfamily.Unlikemosttraditionalcouples,mymotherearnsmorethanmyfather,anditseemsthattheonewhoearnsmorehasthefinalsayinmyfamily.1.1:152.12:305.5:053.9:006.16:154.11:107.23:519.10:458.2:0010.18:351)Listentothereportandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.WhereisJennaBush'sweddingceremonygoingtobeheld?a.AttheWhiteHouse.b.InCrawford,Texas.c.IntheUniversityofVirginia.d.InBaltimore,Maryland.2)Nowlistentothereportagainandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.WhichstatementaboutHenryHagerisNOTtrue,accordingtothereport?a.Heisaformerschoolteacher.b.HewasaWhiteHouseinternin2003.c.HeworkedonBush'sreelectioncampaignin2004.d.Hehasnotgothismaster'sdegreeinbusinessyet.1)Listentothereportandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.Whichofthefollowingcountriesisthebestplaceformothersandchildren?a.America.b.Britain.c.Sweden.d.Denmark.2)Nowlistentothereportagainandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaconditionthatthereportisbasedon?a.Theriskofearlydeath.b.Therateofuseofmodernbirthcontrolmethods.c.Thepercentageofpregnantwomenwithashortageofsugarintheblood.d.Thepercentageofbirthswiththeaidoftrainedmedicalworkers.1)Listentothereportandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.Whyaresomepeopleinterestedingenealogy?a.Forreligiousreasons.b.Formembershipinsomehistoricalorculturalorganizations.c.Forpersonalinterest.d.Alloftheabove.2)Nowlistentothereportagainandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.WhichisNOTawaytostartagenealogicalinvestigation?a.Startingwithoneself.b.Searchingoldfamilybooks.c.Goingtosmalllibraries.d.UsingtheInternet.staysathome[Refteeds[Referen2ceerenceAnswer:st.Answer:feeds]atayshome]bothmenandwomen[ReferenceAnswer:bothswitch[Reference4Answer:s.3.menandwitch]women]1.What'sSean'swifeRegan'sjob?a.She'sanarchitect.b.She'sanattorney.c.She'sadoctor.d.She'saresearcher.2.Comparedwithmenwhotraditionallyworkoutsidethehome,howmuchbiggeristhepercentageofchanceofdyingformenwhohavebeenstay-at-homedadsforatleast10years?a.8%b.18%c.80%d.3%3.Whatisthereasonallthemeninterviewedstayathome?a.TheirbabiesneedDad'scaremorethanMom's.b.Theyhaveheartdisease.c.Theirwives'incomesarehigher.d.Theirwiveslikehigh-demandandhigh-controljobs1.Newresearchshowsthisrolereversalmay,infact,bestressfulfortheheart.2．TheideaofMr.Mom,characterizedinthe1980'smovie,husbandsandwivesswitchingtraditional(switchingtraditionalroles).3.Thisfindingabouthousehusbands,asfarasweknow,hasneverbeenexamined,andit'sreallyanunanticipatedfinding.4.Sincewewerekids,wewereraisedto,youknow,bethebreadwinner,youknow,takecareofthefamily,youknow,financiallyand,youknow,bethemachoguy.male5.Thesamestudyfoundalsowomenlikeherthreearetimeslikelymoretodevelopheartthandiseasewomenwhoareinlow-authorityjobs.1.WhatarethelegalagesforgirlsandboystomarryinIndia?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：18forgirls,and21forboys.2.Whatdothetwoboysthinkofmarriage?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Marriagetothemisstayingtogether,lookingaftereachother,andlookingafterthehouse.3.Whatkindofculturesmayhavedifficultyacceptingchildmarriage,accordingtothereporter?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Culturesthatbasemarriagesonromanticlove.4.Whenwillthenewlywedslivetogether?Youranswer：Thebrainofapersonwhoisbrain-deadhascompletelyceasedfunctioning,asevidencedbyabsenceofbrainactivityonanelectroencephalogramforaspecificlengthoftime.Braindeathissometimesusedasalegaldefinitionofdeath.Thesignificantpointisthatthebrainisnolongercapableofsustainingtherestofthebody'ssystemswithoutartificiallifesupport.Referenceanswer：Theywon'tlivetogetheruntilthebridesareatleast16.1.Marriageisaunionbetweenamanandawomanapprovedbylaw.Marriagescanbedividedintoarrangedmarriagesandlovemarriages.Anarrangedmarriageisamarriageinwhichtheparentschoosethehusbandorwifefortheirchild.Alovemarriageisaunionoftwoindividualsbaseduponmutuallove,affection,commitment,andattraction.2.Arrangedmarriagesarefoundinculturesinwhichtheextendedfamilyiscommon.Inextendedfamilies,marriageisinevitablyafamilyaffair,andindividualsareexpectedtoconformtotheoverallwishesofthegroup.Parentswouldliketoprovidetheirchildrenwithprotection,wealth,security,andhappiness,andtheymightassumethatchildrenareinexperiencedinlife,sotheywouldratherselectmarriagepartnersforchildren.3.Lovemarriagesoffermoreindependenceandfreedomascomparedmarriages.toInarrangedarrangedmarriages,thereisapressuretoconformtoparentalexpectationslikeproducingamaleheir,takingpartinfamilyritualsandtraditions,puttingupwithsisters-in-law,contributingtofamilyexpenses,etc.Lovemarriagesprovidetimeforamutualunderstandingbetweenthepartners.Knowingsomebodyb