人教版八年级上册英语期末复习提纲

初中英语八年级上册复习要点Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?重点短语:(1)goonvacation去度假(10)mostofthetime大多数时(19)onebowlof一碗。。。(2)stayathome呆在家间(20)findout查明，弄清(3)gotothemountains去爬山(11)tastegood 尝起来不错(21)takephotos照相(4)gotothebeach去沙滩(12)haveagoodtime过得愉快(22)somethingimportant(5)visitmuseums参观博物馆feellike感受到goshopping去买东四的事情(23)upanddown上上卜卜(6)gotosummercamp夏令营(15)inthepast在过去(24)comeup上来，出现(7)quiteafew相当多，不少(16)walkaround..四处(25)ofcourse当然(8)studyfor 为…而学习(17)toomany太多(26)comedown卜来(9)goout出去(18)becauseof+S语 因为重点语法:IwenttoNewYorkCity.(1)Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.(2)Didyougooutwithanyone?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation(2)Didyougooutwithanyone?Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Howwasthefood?Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Everythingtastedreallygood.Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent习惯用法：buysthforsb./buysb.sth为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来 nothing….but+V.(原形)除了…之外什么都没有seem+(tobe)+adj看起来.arrivein+大地方arriveat+小地方到达某地decidetodosth. 决定做某事.trydoingsth. 尝试做某事trytodosth. 尽力做某事tryone'sbesttodosth尽力做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事词语辨析：［Janywhere与somewhere两者都是不定副词。anywhere在任何地方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Ican'tfindtanywhere.somewhere在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.百seem+形容词看起来..Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事Iseems/seemed+that来好像…；彳以乎….seemlike….好像,彳以乎..Itseemslikeagodidea.decidetodosth.决定做某事Theydecidetovisitthemuseum.decide+疑问词+动词不定式wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.开始做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth停下来做某事look+adj看起来dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事Whynotdosth.为什么不做 .呢？so+adj+that+从句如此…以至于tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事keepdoingsth. 继续做某事.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事(未做)forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事(已做)Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.4startdoingsth=starttodosth.开始，可与begin互换。 Hestarteddoinghishomework.5over介词，多于，超过，在…以上(表示数目、程度)=morethanMyfatherisover40yearsold..toomany太多，后接可数名词复数：Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Don'ttalktoomuch.becauseof因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。名词，不能接句子。expensive.Hecan'ttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.8too,…to太•••.以至于不能•••.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接Motheristootiredtogotoschool明确的原因。Idon'tbuyitbecauseitwastoo9havefundoingsth享受做某事的乐趣Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?短语:(1)helpsbwithsth帮助某人做某事(14)playtennis打网球(15)stayuplate熬夜到很晚(26)suchas例如•••.像•••.这(16)gotosleep(16)gotosleep睡觉 样goshopping去买东西3)onweekends在周末howoften多少次hardlyever几乎从不onceaweek 一星期一次twiceamonth一个月两次gotothemovies去看电影everyday每天usetheInternet上网befree=benotbusy=havetime有空havedanceandpianolessons±舞蹈和钢琴课swingdance摇摆舞gotobed上床睡觉atleast至少，不少于(19)gotobedearly上床睡觉处begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事gocamping去野营inone'sfreetime在某人的业余时间］themostpopular最受欢gotothedentist看牙科医生morethan多于oldhabitsdiehard旧习难改］lessthan少于junkfood垃圾食品332)takecareofsb照料某人lookaftersb照顾某人havetodosth必须做某事getin•♦进入…belatefor迟到Ialwaysexercise.Ialwaysexercise.语法要点:Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Whatdotheydoonweekends?Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Howoftendoyougotothemovies?HowoftendoeshewatchTV?Doyougoshopping?Theyoftenhelpmymotherwithhousework.Shesometimesgoesshopping.Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.HehardlyeverwatchesTV.No,Inevergoshopping.习惯用法:1.free1.free空闲的，有空的， 反义词为busy.befree有空，闲着，相当于havetime.I'llbefreenextweek.=I 'llhavetimenextweek.弓I导——个问句,helpsb.withsth=havesbdosth帮助某人做某事Howaboutdoing? .怎么样？/…好不好？wantsb.todosth. 想让某人做某事Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句主语+find+that从句发现…It's+adj.+todosth.做某事是•••.的spendtimewithsb. 和某人一起度过时光asksb.aboutsth. 向某人询问某事词语辨析：bydoingsth. 通过做某事What'syourfavorite…做最喜欢的…是什么？startdoingsth.开始做某事thebestwaytodosth. 做某事的最好方式fullof满的whataboutdoingsth? 做某事怎么样？not.atall一点儿也不Idon'tlikeitatall. 我一点儿也不喜欢它。Howcome?怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可相当于疑问句 why,但howcome开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。HowcomeTomdidn'tcometotheparty?=Whydidn'tTomcometotheparty?stayuplate指熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Don'tstayuplatenexttime.stayup指熬夜，不睡觉”。Hestayedupallnighttowritehisstory.gotobed强调上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不定睡着。Iwenttobedatelevenlastnight.gotosleep强调入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。Shewassotiredthatshewenttosleepsoon.find+宾语+名词，发现：Wehavefoundhim(tobe)agoodboy.find+宾语+形容词，发现：Hefoundtheroomdirty.find+宾语+现在分词，发现：Ifoundherstandingatthedoor.percent百分数，基数词+percent:percent没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Fortypercentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.Thirtypercentoftimepassed.morethan超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。 反义词组为：lessthan.IlivedinShanghaiformorethan/overtenyears.afraid形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。I'mafraidwecan'tcomehereontime.beafraidofsb/sth害怕某人/某事；beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事。Somechildrenareafraidofthedark. |Don'tbeafraidofaskingquestion.I'mafraid+从句， 恐怕，担心：I'mafraidIhavetogonow.sometimes,sometime,sometimes,sometime的区别：sometimes频度副词， 有时。SometimesIgetupveryearly.sometime副词，某个时候。IwillgotoShanghaisometimenextweek.sometimes名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time是可数名词，对它提问用 howmanytimes.Ihavereadthestorysometimes. Howmanytimeshaveyoureadthestory?sometime名词短语， 一段时间.表示0段时间"时I'llstayherefcsometime.howoften多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once,twice,threetimes等词语。Howoftendoyouplaysports?Threetimesaweek.howlong多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。HowlongdoesittaketogettoShanghaifromhere?Howlongistheruler?howfar多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。Howfarisitfromheretothepark?It'sabout2kilometers.Unit3I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister短语归纳与用法：moreoutgoing更外向thesingingcompetition唱歌比赛thesameas和 相同；与 一到careabout关心；介意themostimportant最重要的bringout使显现；使表现出reachfor伸手取makefriends交朋友touchone'shea撼动某人begoodat擅长 havefundoingsth.享受做某事的乐趣as…as…与 "样 besimilarto与 相像的/类似的bedifferentfrom与 不同belikeamirror像面镜子aslongas只要；既然getbettergrades取得更好的成绩infact事实上；实际上theother其他的betalentedinmusic有音乐天赋begoodwith善于与 相处begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事(26)(26)(14)makesb.dosth.让某人做某事as+adj./adv.的原级+as与 ——样语法知识：wanttodosth.想要做某事It's+adj.+forsb.todosth.IsTomsmarterthanSam?IsTaramoreoutgoingthanTina?Areyouasfriendlyasyoursister?DoesTaraworkashardasTina?Whosmorehardworkingatschool?词语辨析：No,heisn't.SamissmarterthanTom.No,sheisnt:TinaismoreoutgoingthanTara.No,I'mnot.I'mfriendlier.Yes,shedoes.Tinathinkssheworksharderthanme.WhafsthebestmovietheaterWhafsthebestmovietheaterlaughv.&n.笑Helaughsbestwholaughslast.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。(与at连用)嘲笑Dodtlaughathim.别嘲笑他。名词：笑；笑声Wehadagoodlaughathisjoke.我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。thoughconj.虽然；纵然；即使；尽管Unit4重点句型：Ithasthebiggestscreens.TheDJschoosesongsthemostcarefuly.Howdoyoulikeitsofar?到目前为止，你认重点短语：movietheater电影院becloseto离 近clothesstore服装店intown在镇上sofar到目前为止10minutesbybus坐公共汽车10分钟路程talentshow才艺表演have.incommon有相同特征(想法、兴趣方面)相同aroundtheworld世界各地；全世界moreandmore 越来越 andsoon等等allkindsof…•各种各样的beupto由 决定noteverybody并不是每个人makeup编造(故事、谎言等)playarolein…在 方面发挥作用/althoughThoughitwasraining,hewentthere.虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。注意：在though引导的从句后不使用but。如：thoughadv..不过，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。Jimsaidthathewouldcome,hedidn'tthough.为它怎么样？Thanksforgettellingme.CanIaskyousomequestions?noproblem没什么，别客气forexample例如takeseriously认真对待givesb.sth给某人某物cometrue(梦想、希望)实现；达到Thanksfordoingsth.因做某事而感谢。much+adj./adv.的比较级…得多watchsb.dosth观看某人做某事oneof+可数名词的复数 之一CanIaskyousome…?我能问你一些…吗？Howdoyoulike?Whatdoyouthinkof4尔认为…怎么样？howmuch.?多少钱？Howfar ?多远？Howmany…？多少？Howlong..?多长？playaroleindoingsth. 发挥做某事Unite5Doyouwanttoagameshow?Idon'tmindthem.

Howaboutyou?Idon'tmindthem.

Howaboutyou?重要短语：findout查明，弄清2) bereadytodo准备好做某事dressup装扮，乔装打扮takesb'splace代替，替换doagoodjob干得好thinkof+名词或动词短语 认为….gameshows游戏节目learnfrom向…学习从•••..获得talkshows脱口秀soapopera肥皂剧goon发生watchamovie 观看一场电影oneofthemainreasons最主要的原因之watchasitcom观看一部情景喜剧actionmovies动作电影重要句型：1)Whatdoyouthinkoftalkshows?2)IhopetobeaTVreporteroneday.常用法：letsbdosth. 让某人做某事2) plantodosth.计划做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事minddoingsth介意做某事expecttodosth.期待做某事How(what)aboutdoing…做某事怎么样？bealwaysreadytodosth.总是准备做某事语词辨析：1.theother,theothers,other,others,anothertheother表示特中旨两个或者两音B份中的另一个或另一部分，常用one…由©other••6例：Hehastwoapples,oneisred,theotherisgreen.Therearefortystudentsinourclass.twenty-onearegirls,theothernineteenareboys.theothers特指某一范围内的其他的(人或物)，是theother的复数形式，相当于theother+复数名词。theother+复数名词=anyother+名词单数。例：Youtwostayhere,theothersgowitheout出版，发行tryone'sbest尽力，竭尽全力apairof一双，对asfamousas一样著名looklike看起来像aroundtheworld 世界各地haveadiscussionabout就 讨论oneday有天suchas比如asymbolof•••..的象征somethingenjoyable令人愉快的东西interestinginformation有趣的资料happentodosth. 碰巧做某事expecttodosth盼望做某事TVshows电视节目tryone'sbesttodosth尽力做某事become+adj变得..notso..as不像…那样….；不如・••..这么...thankyoufordoingsth谢谢你做某事Thankyouforsth谢谢你的 lovedoingsth喜爱做某事other作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复WelearnChinese,Maths,Englishandothersubjects.others作代词：步中旨其他的人或物例：Somestudentsaredoinghomework,othersaretalkingloudly.another新中旨同类事物中的二者或二者以上的另一个”.只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例：Idon'tlikethisone.Pleaseshowmeanotherone..findout杳明，弄清禁，find找到PleasefindoutwhenMrsGreenwillgotoGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.PleasefindoutwhenMrsGreenwillgotoGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.Beijing..goon发生，与takeplace同义ThemeetingwilltakeplacenextFriday.5.expectv.期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种结构:Iwonderwhatwasgoingon.4.happenv.发生，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。Sth+happenstosb.Sth+happens+地点/时间：某地/某时发生了某事Happenv,表示碰巧“，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式to,表示碰巧 ”.Sb+happenstodosth.Ihappenedtoseemyuncleonthestreet.1)expect+名词/代词，期待某事/某人，预计 可能发生。I'mexpectingLiLin'sletter.2)expecttodosth.预计做某事Lilyexpectstocomebacknextweek.3)expectsb.todosth.Iexpectmymothertocomebackearly.4)expect+从句预计 IexpectedthatI'llcomebacknextMonday6.seriousa.严肃的，认真的。 Heisaserious*takeplace意为发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：man.beseriousaboutsb/sth.对某人/某事当真beseriousaboutdoingsth.对某事当真Unit6I'mgoingtostudycomputerscience短语:有关系 有关系 24.growup成长；长大everyday每天besureabout对 有把握makesure确信；务必wanttodosth.想要做某事send…to••把 送到 beableto能themeaningof的意思differentkindsof不同种类的agreetodosth.同意做某事writedown写下；记下havetodowith关于；与 takeup开始做；学着做hardlyever几乎不；很少helpsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事too…to••太 而不能 lovetodosth.喜爱做某事begoingto+动词原形 打算做某事practicedoing练习做某事keepondoingsth不断地做某事promisetodosth.许诺去做某事learntodosth.学会做某事finishdoingsth.做完某事remembertodosth.记住做某事1begoingto的用法begoingto+动词原形 表示将来的打算、计划或安 排。常与表示将来的tomorrow,nextyear等时间状语连用， be随主语有am,is,are的变换肯定句：主语+begoingto+动词原形+其他。否定句：主语+benotgoingto+动词原形+其他.一般疑问句Be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他肯定回答： Yes,主语+be.否定回答： No,主语+benot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？2)如果表示计划去某地，可直接用 begoingto+地点WearegoingtoBeijingforaholiday.3)表示位置移动的动词， 如go,come,leave等常用进行时表示将来。MyauntisleavingforBeijingnextweek.begoingto与will的区别：①对未来事情的预测用“will+动词原形”表达。Willplanesbelargeinthefuture?Yes,theywill./No,theywon't.②will常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情，而begoingto指某事肯定发生， 常表示事情很快就要发生。IbelieveLucywillbeagreatdoctor.③陈述将来的某个事实用 will.Iwilltenyearsoldnextyear.④表示现在巨大将来要做的事情用 will.I'mtiredwillgotobed.⑤表示意愿用will.I'lltellyouthetruth.⑥表示计划、打算要做的事情用 begoingto不用will.2promisevt.保证，许诺。有三种结构：1)promisetodosth. Mymotherpromisedtobuyapianoforme.2)promisesb.sth. Myauntpromisedmeabike.3)promise+that从句Tompromisesthathecanreturnonmisen.允诺，诺言Lilyisadishonestgirl.Sheneverkeepsapromise.practicevt.练习，后接名词，代词或v-ing作宾语。Youreldersisterispracticingtheguitarintheroom.常跟v-ing作宾语的动词有：考虑建议盼原谅： consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon.承认推迟没得想：admit,delay/putoff,fancy.避免错过继续练：avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice.否认完成能欣赏： deny,finish,enjoy,appreciate.不禁介意与逃亡： can'thelp,mindescape.不准冒险凭想象：forbid,risk,imagine.everyday与everyday区另oncomputer在电月窗上2.onpaper在纸上3.livetodo200yearsoldoncomputer在电月窗上2.onpaper在纸上3.livetodo200yearsold活动200岁4.It's+adj.+forsb.todosth.t某人来说,做某事……的5.freetime空闲时间6.indanger处于危险之中7.ontheearth在地球上8.playapartinsth.参与某事9.spacestation太空站10.lookfor寻找computerprogrammer电脑编程员12.inthefuture在未来13.hundredsof许多；成百上千14.thesameas与 ——样15.overandoveragain多次；反复地16.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事语法：everydayadj.日常的 在句中作定语，位于名词前。Thisisoureverydayhomework.everyday副词短语，在句中作状语，位于句首或句末。 Hereadsbookseveryday.Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?短语：getbored感到厌烦的wakeup醒来falldown倒塌will+动词原形将要做……fewer/more+可数名词复数更少/更多……less/more+不可数名词 更少/更多……havetodosth不得不做某事agreewithsb.同意某人的意见such+名词(词组) 如此 playapartindoingsth.参与做某事trytodosth.尽力做某事Therewillbe+主语+其他makesb.dosth.Thereis/are+sb./sth.+doingsth.有 正在做某事Therewillbemorepeople.Therewillbefewertrees.词语辨析：every与each的区另1J：every用来表整体，each用来表个别。each最低需是两，every最低需是三。Everyteacherknowsher.Eachoftheroadhasadictionary.ontheearth在地球上，作地点状语，位于句首或句末。 onearth究竟，到底。用于疑问句或副词后，加强语气。Allthelivingthingsontheearthdependonthesun./Whatonearthdoyoumean?human,指包括男人女人孩子的 人，人类”person,无性别之分，可数名词people,泛指人们”，表示复数概念。man,前不带冠词而且单独使用时，指男人”，aman可指”个人/一个男人”，复数形式为men.Hewastheonlyhumanontheisland.Thereareonlythreepersonsintheroom.Therearemanypeoplethere.Manisstrongerthanwoman.seem连系动词，好像，似乎，看来。seem+名词看起来。Heseemsaniceman.seemlike好像，彳以乎。Itseemedlikeagoodideaseemtodosth.似乎/看起来/好像做某事。Itseems/seemedthat 看起来好像…，似乎….seemtobe+形容词/名词=seem+形容词/名词。 Sheseemstobehappy.=Shebablyad.maybe相当于perhaps.也许，大概，可能。作状语.Therewillbemorepollution.Therewillbelessfreebably用于句中，可能性最大。maybe/perhaps用于句首。 Maybe/Perhapsyouareright.during/for/in介词，在 期间。说到某事是在某一段时间之间发生的用 during;说到某事持续多久则用for;说到某事具体发生的时间用in.Wevisitedmanyplacesduringthesummerholiday.I'vebeenherefortwoweeks.TheyusuallyleaveschoolinJuly.一般将来时结构：肯定式：主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他will用于各种人称，shall用于第一人称。主语+begoingto+动词原形+其他be随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。否定式：在will/shall/be后面加not.willnot=won't.一般疑问句：将will/shall/be提到主语前面。Therebe句型的一般将来时：Therewillbe+主语+其他，意为：将会有。一般疑问句形式为： Willtherebe+主语+其他。肯定回答是：Yes,therewill.否定回答是：No,therewon't.否定形式是：Therewon'tbe+主语+其他，将不会有 特殊疑问句是：疑问词/词组+一般疑问句？Whenwilltherebeanicebasketballmatch?Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?短语：put…into把 放入 onemorething还有件事apieceof片/张/段/首 atthistime在这时afew一些；几个fill…with用 把…装满cover…with用…覆盖…onebyone个接个alongtime很长时间howmany+可数名词复数howmuch+不可数名词It'stime(forsb.)+todosth.到(某人)做某事的时间了FirstNextThenFinally首先 接下来……然后…….最后…wanttodosth.想要做某事forget+todosth.忘记去做某事how+todosth.如何做某事need+todosth.需要做某事make+宾语+形容词letsb.+dosth.让某人做某事句型Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?First,peelthebanana.Next,putthebananaintheblender.Howmanybananasdoweneed?Howmuchyogurtdoweneed?主谓一致判断法：1)不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。动名词或动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eitheror,neithernor,notonlyalso.连接两个名词或代词作主语时，使用就近原则在here,there开头的倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致。turnon打开，接通(电源，气，水)，反义词是turnoff.turnup/turndown调高/低音量。pour…into… 将…倒入/灌入…into是：进入…in是：在…内。在put,throw,break,lay,fall等动词之后，既可用in,也可用into。但in可作副词，into不能。Heputallthebooksin/intothebag.Comein!有关make的短语： makethebed铺床maketea沏茶 maketrouble惹麻烦Then,pourthemilkintotheblender.Finally,turnontheblender.WeneedthreebananasWeneedonecupofyogurt. .makemoney赚钱makeadecision做决定makeatelephonecall打电话makeavisit拜访makeamistake犯错误butmakeanoise弄出噪音makealiving谋生makesure务必7)onemorething=anotheronething8)基数词+more+名词=another+基数词+名词fillwith用…填充befilledwith=befullof充满….Theboyfilledthebottlewithsand.Thebagwasfullofclothes.cover…with…用…把…覆盖becoveredwith 被♦一所覆盖。covern.封面,盖:了，。Ittime(forsb)todosth.到某人做某事的时候了。It'stimeforsth.到做某事的时候了。Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?短语：onSaturdayafternoon在周六下午preparefor为 做准备gotothedoctor去看医生havetheflu患感冒helpmyparents帮助我的父母cometotheparty来参加聚会anothertime其他时间lastfall去年秋天gototheparty去聚会hangout常去某处；泡在某处thedayaftertomorrow后天thedaybeforeyesterday前天ontheweekend在周末invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事ontheweekend在周末invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事what弓I导的感叹句结构：What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！What+adj.+名词复数/不可数名词(主语+谓语)！helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事besadtodosth做某事很悲伤seesb.dosth.seesb.doingsth.thebestwaytodosth做某事最好的方式haveasurprisepartyforsb.为某人举办一个惊喜派对lookforwardtodoingsth.期盼做某事replytosth./sb.答复某事/某人What'stoday?天是什么日子？What'sthedatetoday?今天什么日期？Whatdayisittoday?今天星期几？Sure,I'dloveto./Sorry,Imuststudyforamathtest.Sure.Thatsoundgreat./I 'mafraidnot.Ihavetheflut.Hehastohelphisparents.No,hecanNo,sheNo,theysnotavailable.Shemustgotothedoctor.renotfree.Theymighthavetomeettheirfriends.火车catchupwith赶上，，跟上catchholdof抓住5.accept接受,反义词为： refuse。 accept指主观上愿意接受，receive收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。 Ireceivedhisgiftyesterday,butIwouldn'tliketoacceptit.turndown=refuse拒绝turnup放大，调高turnover翻身taketurns依次，轮流helpsb.(to)dosth帮助某人做某事 helpsb.withsth在某方面帮助人 helponeselftosth随便吃3.attheendof在…末尾，在…尽头，bytheendof到…末为止intheendof终于haveapianolesson上钢琴课lookafter照看；照顾acceptaninvitaton接受邀请turndownaninvitation拒绝邀请takeatrip去旅行attheendofthismonth这个月末lookforwardto盼望；期待theopeningof 的开幕式/落成典礼replyinwriting书面回复gototheconcert去听音乐会not…until直到 才meetmyfriend会见我的朋友visitgrandparents拜访祖父母studyforatest为考试学习toomuchhomework太多作业haveto不得不dohomework做家庭作业gotothemovies去看电影afterschool放学后句型：CanyoucometomypartyonSaturday?Canyougotothemovietomorrownight?Canhegototheparty?Canshegotothebaseballgame?Cantheygotothemovie?词语辨析：prepare强调准备的动作与过程。prepareforsth.为…准备好。preparetodosth准备做某事。get/beready意为准备好”，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：①beready(forsth.)②getsth.ready③beready(forsth)④begetreadytodo(准备干某事，乐于干某事)havetheflu患感冒haveacold感冒haveacough咳嗽haveafever发烧haveasorethroat喉咙痛haveaheadache头痛haveatoo