人教版高中英语Book 6 Unit 2 Grammar 虚拟语气教学课件

虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话者的主观愿望、假设或推测。一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的运用（非真实条件句）在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气，主要有以下三种情况（见下一张幻灯片）：从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反动词过去式would(should,could,might)+do与过去事实相反had+过去分词would(should,could,might)+havedone与将来事实可能相反动词过去式should+动词原形wereto+动词原形would(should,could,might)+doeg)IfsheknewEnglish,shewouldn’taskmeforhelp.IfIhadknownhernumber,Iwouldhavecalledher.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,theywouldstayathome.虚拟语气在条件从句中的运用有三种特殊情况如下：1.错综时间条件句当条件从句与主句所表达的时间不一致时，主从句的谓语动词应做相应的调整。eg)Iftheyhadstartedearlyinthemorning,theywouldbeherenow.2.含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是隐藏在语境当中，或是通过某些词语（如without,otherwise,butfor等）表现出来。eg)Butforyourhelp,wewouldn’thavepassedthetest.=Ifyouhadn’thelpedus,wewouldn’thavepassedthetest.3.if的省略和条件从句的倒装在非真实条件从句中，如果谓语动词含有were,had（助动词）或should，可以省略if而把were,had或should提到主语前面构成倒装。eg)Had

Iknownhernumber,Iwouldhavecalledher.=IfIhadknownhernumber,Iwouldhavecalledher.二、“(should)+do型”虚拟语气1.在表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等的宾语从句或相关的名词性从句中，谓语动词用“(should)+do”。能用于这个句型的谓语动词主要有：一个坚持（insist），两个命令（order,command），三个建议（suggest,advise,recommend），四个要求（ask,demand,request,require）。eg)Theysuggestedthathe(should)gothereatonce.Itwassuggestedthathe(should)gothereatonce.2.在“Itisdesired/important/necessary/strange/natural/apity…+that从句”中，从句中谓语动词用“(should)+do”。eg)It’sapitythathe(should)besocareless.三、“时态退步型”虚拟语气1.用于wish后的宾语从句中eg)Iwishyouwouldgowithustomorrow.2.用于“It’stime+that从句”中eg)Itishightimethatwetookaction.3.用于wouldrather后的宾语从句中eg)IwouldratherIhadnottoldherthenewsyesterday.4.用于asif/asthough引导的方式状语从句中eg)Hetalksasif/asthoughheknewallaboutit.5.用于ifonly引导的感叹句中eg)IfonlyIhadtakenyouradvice!四、情态动词表示虚拟语气的用法shouldhavedone=oughttohavedone本来应该做而没有做shouldn’thavedone=oughtn’ttohavedone本来不应该做而做了couldhavedone/mighthavedone本来可以做而没有做needn’thavedone本来不必做而做了虚拟语气练习一1.Ifhe______myadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.A.followed B.shouldfollow C.hadfollowed D.wouldfollow2.---Johnwenttothehospitalalone.---Ifhe______meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtell B.tells C.told D.hadtoldCD3.---Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.---Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables______.A.wouldn’tdie B.didn’tdie C.hadn’tdied D.wouldn’thavedied4.Teachersrecommendparents______theirchildrenunder12toridebicyclestoschoolforsafety.A.notallow B.donotallow C.mustn’tallow D.couldn’tallowDA5.Ifwe______theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.take B.hadtaken C.took D.havetaken6.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe______moreonitsculture.A.focus B.focused C.wouldfocus D.hadfocusedBB7.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy______.A.wouldhavebeensaved B.hadbeensavedC.willbesaved D.wassavedA1.I______throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.

A.couldn’thavegone B.didn’tgo

C.wouldn’tgo D.hadn’tgone2.We______John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.

A.willput B.willhaveput

C.wouldput D.wouldhaveputAD3.I______soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.

A.hadcome

B.wascoming

C.wouldcome

D.wouldhavecome4.---Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.

---I______it,butIwasbusypreparingforajob

interview.

A.attended

B.hadattended

C.wouldattend D.wouldhaveattendedDD5.---Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobe

completelyruined.

---Iwishthey______alwayslate.

A.weren’t B.hadn’tbeen

C.wouldn’tbe D.wouldn’thavebeen6.MaybeifI______science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.

A.studied B.wouldstudy

C.hadstudied D.wasstudyingAC1.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe______there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.

A.lives

B.wouldlive

C.haslived D.weretolive2.Don’thandlethevaseasifit______madeofsteel.

A.is B.were

C.hasbeen D.hadbeenDB3.Ifmycar______morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.

A.was

B.hadbeen

C.shouldbe D.wouldbe4.WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold______usaridehome.

A.didn’toffer

B.wouldn’toffer

C.hasn’toffered D.hadn’tofferedBD5.Ifwe______adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.

A.haven’tmade

B.wouldn’tmake

C.didn’tmake D.hadn’tmade6.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe______somethinginsteadofjusttalking.

A.willdo

B.hasdone

C.do D.didDD7.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe______moreplacesofinterestyesterday.

A.visited

B.hadvisited

C.wouldvisit D.wouldhavevisited8.So