上海版2018年届浦东新区高考英语一模

WORD资料可编辑/浦东新区2017学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测试题高三英语试卷第一卷Ⅰ.ListeningComprehension〔25分SectionA–ShortConversationsDirections:InSectionA,willheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyouranddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inagym.B.Inashoe-repairshop.C.Inadepartmentstore.D.Atatrack.2.A.$200.B.$400.C.$250.D.$500.3.A.classes.B.Findajob.C.Learnmore.D.Getreadyforthenextterm.4.A.leaveheramessagewithherroommate.B.solveaprobleminhishomework.C.talkwithherroommate.D.askabouthishomework.5.A.Helikesphysics.B.Hisphysicsisthebesttheclass.C.Heisworkinghardatphysics.D.Hisphysicsisverypoorintheclass.6.A.Asportsman.B.AC.AnewsD.Agame7.A.Unforgettable.B.Impressive.C.Pleasant.D.Disappointing.8.A.Coinsandbanknotes.B.andmeasures.C.Shapesandareas.D.andsizes.9.A.toocrowdedandhebreatheverywell.B.nextstopistheterminalstation.C.nextstopistheirstop.D.Alotofpeoplegetthenextstop.10.A.TheParkingplacesveryfarB.Hehadproblemfindingthepark.C.Thereisenoughparkingspace.D.HeverygoodatparkingtheSectionBDirections:InSectionB,willhearshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.passagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questionbasedonfollowingpassage.A.drivertookthewrongroute.B.Hemissedhisflight.第1页/共12页Hefailedtogettotheairport.D.Histaxigotstucka12.A.Oneofthewingscaughtfire.B.Theplaneencounteredastrongstorm.C.Therewassomethingwrongwiththeengine.D.Thehijackerforcedthecaptaindoso.13.A.HehadlockhisfrontHehadlosthiskeysthefrontC.Hehadlefthisluggageinthetaxi.D.Hehadpickedupthewrongsuitcase.Question14basedonfollowingpassage.14.A.nowwanttobecarrepairwomeninsteadofteachers.B.tendtodojobsthataretraditionallyintendedformen.C.MoregirlsarechoosingfixedjobsScotland.D.Britishwomenchoosenon-traditionaljobsthaninothercountries.15.A.BecauseseemanyjobopportunitiesonB.BecausefeelcarrepairingcoolonC.BecauseareinfluencedbytheirstarsonD.Becausearetoldaboutjobchoicesbycareeron16.A.Britainneedswomentonon-traditionaljobs.B.Themediashouldcallforwomentodonon-traditionaljobs.C.Britishwomenhavetakenuptoomanytraditionaljobsformen.D.Thechangeinattitudesisnotimportantforwomenjobchoices.Question17basedonfollowingconversation.17.A.Fortenyears.B.Fornineyears.C.eightyears.D.Forone18.A.SheismoreconcentratedonherB.Sheisnotsureaboutthemarriage.C.holdinghatredagainstFrank.D.notcomfortablechildrenaround.19.A.KeepingpersuadingClaire.Giveupandcompromise.C.FightharderwithClaire.D.GiveClairetime.20.A.TheyhavejustbeenHawaiiforaB.TheycannotreachanagreementonhavingaC.Theyareplanninggetadivorce.D.Theyaretryingtoovercomecareercrisis.Ⅱ.Grammarand〔20分SectionADirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Filltheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.theblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword.Fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Asayoungchild,Makosinskiwouldspendhoursexperimentingwithhertoysandothereverydayobjectsaroundhertocreateherowninventions.Nowafirst-yearArtsstudent,Makosinskiawell-knowninventorand.Shewonthe2015SustainableEntrepreneurshipofExcellence,___21___recognizesinnovativebusinesssolutionssocialproblems—thesamerecognitiongivenBarackin2014.Herowninventions,theHollowFlashlightandthee-Drink,havebeencausingexcitementinternationally___22___theircreation.Attheageof15,Makosinskicreatedaprototype〔原型foraflashlight___23___power第2页/共12页bytheheatofonehand.Thisinventionwastheresultofaninthgradescienceproject,butgoalwas___24___〔apracticalsolutiontopeoplewithunlimitedaccesstopowerand"I’mhalf-Filipinoandhalf-Polish,andoneoffriendsfromthePhilippinestoldthatshefailedschool___25___couldn’tShehadnolighttostudywithnight,sothatwaskindoftheinspiration,"Makosinskiexplained."I’vealwaysbeeninteresteddoingscienceprojects,soIthought,whyIfindawayprovideherandalotofotherpeoplewithlight?"TheHollowFlashlightisfromPeltiertiles〔珀耳贴贴片thatproducewhenoneside___26___〔heatandtheothersideremainscool.TheflashlightcanproduceasteadybeamofLEDlight20minutes.___27___useonlythewarmthofthehumanhand.Heradviceotherstudentinnovators?"StartThere___28___benothingholdingyouback.studentsatcollegesoreveninhighschool‘Oh,I’mastudent.Ijustneedto’___29___thinkitimportantfriendsandbesocial.truthis,youcandoalotofotherthings.can___30___youwant.Justgoahead."SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordthanneed.A.potentiallyB.C.droppedD.commonlyE.treatssympathyG.sensitiveH.eyebrowI.domesticatedJ.selectionK.confidentPuppyDogEyesBenefitsofHumansDogspuppydogeyesforthebenefitofhumansandrarelyusethepleasingfacialexpressionwhenontheirown,anewstudyhasshown.Ithaslongbeenassumedthatanimalfacialexpressionsareinvoluntaryanddependentonemotionalstateratherthanawaytocommunicate.ButscientistsattheDogCognitionCentreatPortsmouthUniversityhavefoundthatdogsmostlyusefacialexpressionswhenhumansarepresent,asadirectresponseattention.Puppydogeyes,whichthe___31___raisedtheeyesappearwiderandwasfoundbethe___32___usedexpressionintheResearchersdonotknowwhetherthedogsareawaretheylookorhavejustlearnedthatwideningtheireyesinvites___33___andaffectioninhumans.DogcognitionexpertDrJulianeKaminski:cannowbe___34___thattheproductionoffacialexpressionsbydogsdependentontheattentionstateoftheiraudienceandarenotjustaresultofdogsbeingexcited.""Inourstudytheyproducedfarexpressionswhensomeonewaswatching,butseeingfood___35___didnothavetheeffect.""Thefindingsappearsupportevidencedogsare___36___humans’attentionandthatexpressionsare___37___activeattemptstocommunicate,notsimpleemotionaldisplays."Theresearchersstudied24dogsofvariousbreeds,agedone12.Allfamilypets.Eachdogwastiedbyaleadametreawayfromaperson,andthedogs’faceswere___38___throughoutarangeofexchanges,fromthepersonbeingorientedtowardsthedog,beingdistractedandwithherbodyturnedawayfromthedog.第3页/共12页Theyfoundthatwhenahumanwasnotwatchingtheanimal,they___39___facialexpressions.DrKaminskisaidispossiblethatdogs’expressionshaveevolvedtheywere___40___."Domesticdogshaveauniquehistorytheyhavelivedalongsidehumansfor30,000yearsandduringthattimeselectionpressuresseemtohaveactedondogs’abilitycommunicatewithus,"shesaid.Ⅲ.Readingcomprehension〔45分SectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.WhenIwasachildofsevenyearsold,friends,onafilledpocketwithcoppers.Iwentonceashopwheretheysoldtoysforchildren.Being___41___withthesoundofawhistlethatIhadseenbytheinthehandsofanotherIhandedoverallmoneyforone.Ithenhome,andwentwhistlingalloverthehouse,pleasedwithwhistle,but___42___allthebrothersandsistersandcousins,whenItoldofthe___43___Ihadmade,saidIhadgivenfourtimesasmuchasthewhistlewasworth.TheyputinmindofwhatgoodthingsImighthaveboughtwiththerestoftheandlaughedsomuchfollythatIcriedvexation<>.Thinkingaboutthemattergavemore___44___thanthewhistlegavepleasure.___45___,thiswasafterwardsofusefortheimpressioncontinuedonmind,thatoften,whenIwas___46___tobuysomethingIdidnotneed,Isaidtomyself,givetoomuchforthewhistle,"andIsavedAsIgrewup,intotheworld,and___47___theactionsofmen,IthoughtImetwithverywho"gavetooforthewhistle."IfIknewamiser〔守财奴who___48___everykindofcomfortableliving,allthepleasureofdoinggoodtoothers,alltheesteemofhisfellowcitizensandthejoysoffriendship,___49___gatheringandkeepingwealth"Poorman,"saidI,"paytoodearforyourwhistle."WhenIaofpleasure,didnottrytoimprovehismindorhisfortunebut___50___devotedhimselftohavingagoodtime,perhapsneglectinghishealth,"Mistakenyouareproviding___51___foryourself,insteadofpleasure;youarepayingtoodearforyourwhistle."IfIsawsomeonefondof___52___whohasfineclothes,finehouses,finefurniture,fineearrings,allabovehis___53___,andwhichhehadintodebt,andendshiscareeraprison."Alas,"saidI,"hehaspaidveryforhiswhistle."___54___,themiseriesofmankindareduetotheira<n>___55___valueonthingstogiving"toofortheirwhistle."41.A.facedB.charmedC.sympathizedD.provided42.A.disturbingB.attractingC.entertainingD.confusing43.A.troubleB.attemptC.choiceD.44.A.satisfactionB.reliefC.annoyanceD.stress45.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Indeed46.A.temptedB.determinedC.forcedD.persuaded47.A.tookB.observedC.admiredD.followed48.A.turnedagainstB.gaveC.caredaboutD.reliedon49.A.incaseofB.insteadofC.forthesakeofD.intermsof50.A.merelyB.similarlyC.strangelyD.positively第4页/共12页51.A.inconvenienceB.burdenC.frustrationD.pain52.A.appearanceB.wealthC.comfortsD.necessities53.A.demandB.fortuneC.standardD.value54.A.AsaresultB.BycontrastC.OnaverageD.Inshort55.A.unexpectedB.greatC.falseD.extraSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtheinformationgiventhepassageyouhavejustread.〔AWhenyouthinkaboutalternatives,garlicisprobablyoneofthelastthingsthattomind,butthatisexactlytheingredientthatoneJapaneseinventorusedtocreateadrinkthatlooksandtasteslike74-year-oldShimotai,ashopownerinAomoriPrefecture,Japan,claimsthathisunique"garlictheresultofacookingblunderheover30ago,whenheburnedasteakandgarlicwhilewaitingtablesatthetime.Intriguedbythescorchedaroma,hemashedupaspoonandmixedwithhotTheresultingdrinklookedandtastedalotlikeMakingamentalnoteofhiscarriedonwithhisjob,andonlystartedresearchinggarlicagainafterheretired.Committedtoturninghisweirddrinkintoacommercialproduct,Shimotaispentyearsoptimizingtheformula,andaboutfiveyearsago,hefinallyachievedaresultwassatisfiedwith.hisdissolvablegarlicgrounds,heroaststheclovesinanelectricoven,and,afterthey’vecooledsmashesthemintofineparticlesandpacksthemindripbags."Mydrinkisprobablythefirstofitskind,"thegarlicinventortoldNews."Itcontainsnogoodforthosewouldlikedrinknightorpregnantwomen.""Thebitternessofburnedgarlicapparentlyhelpscreatethecoffee-likeShimotaiadds.Heclaimsthat,althoughhisgarlicdoesgiveofroastedgarlic,causebadbreath,becausethegarlicisthoroughlycooked.ifyoucangetpastthesmell,thedrinkapparentlydoestastealotlikeactualIfdecafgoodenoughforyou,andyou’reinthemoodforsomethingyoucantrygarlichisshop,thecityofNinohc,IwatePrefecture,orbuyyourowndripbagsforjust324yen〔$2.8.56.Whichwordistheclosestinmeaningtheunderlined"blunderinthesecondparagraph?A.mistakeB.showC.mixtureD.brand57.WhoisnotsuitabletodrinkgarlicA.AwomanbearingaB.Astudenthavingtroublewithsleep.C.Acleanerworkingonadayshift.D.Ayoungladysickofgarlic.58.Whichofthefollowingisnotcharacteristicofgarlic第5页/共12页A.Itiscaffeine-free.B.GarlicpowderdissolvesinC.Theburntgarliccreatesbitterness.D.Itisanimprovementonagarlicdish.59.WhichofthefollowingcanbeuseddescribeShimotai?A.venturousandgreedyB.innovativeandperseverantC.hardworkingandcautiousD.observantandhelpful〔BHowanadvertisementistogetherWhenadvertisementtherearefactorsyoushouldincluding:targetaudiencebrandnamesslogansandcolourspecialoffers/couponsemotive/persuasivevocabularyaudienceAdvertisersaimparticularproductsatdifferentgroupsofpeopleaccordingage,sex,socialclassandinterests.Theywilloftenassumptionsaboutpeopleandlabelorstereotypethem.Whodoyouthinktheseproductswouldbeaimedat:nappies,diamonds,chocolates,sportscars?Whatkindofproductswouldbeaimedatthesepeople:teenagers,25-year-oldsinglemen,40-year-oldworkingmums?BrandnamesBrandnamesarechosenTheycansuggestparticularlifestyles,valuesorinterestsandareintendedappealtotheaudience.NissanPrimera:thissuggestsPrimeraissimilartopremiumandFordKa:thespellingofKasuggestsnoveltyandItismodernandfuturistic.Itisalsoboundstickinyourmindwhenyouarelookingforanewcar!SlogansAsloganhasbecatchyandmemorable.Slogansusearangeofdevices:alliteration,repetition,puns,questions,personalpronounsandHaveaHaveaKitKat.RepetitionThetotallytaste.AlliterationandcolourAllpicturestoyoufeelsomethingandarebiased,evenphotographs.TheycreateaviewofwhattheworldislikeusingdifferenttrickssuchaslightingandDifferentcolourshavedifferentassociationsthatcanbelinkedparticularproducts.freshness,sunlight,lemons.Thiscolourwouldbegoodadvertisingwashingliquid.Green:countryside,natural,Whatwouldusethiscolour?第6页/共12页Whatdoyouassociatethesecolourswith:red,black,orange,gold,blue?Specialoffers/couponsAdvertisersoftenappearsomethingfornothing’:ifbuyoneproductyouwillreceiveanotheroneorhalfprice.Theseareincentivetryanewproductortoencourageloyaltytoanexistingone.Emotive/persuasivevocabularyInadvertisingyouwillfindlotsofwordsandphrasesthatareintendedtopersuadeorappealtoyouremotions.mouthwateringsilkychocolateromanticluxuriouslikemumusedtomake60.Whatcolorissuitabledishwashingliquid?A.Green.B.Red.C.Orange.D.61.Whichofthefollowingslogansappliesthedevicealliteration?A.MosquitoByeByeBye.〔RADARdo,wesaid.HENNESSYC.M&Msinyourmouth〔M&MsD.Startahead.〔RLJOICE62.Accordingthepassage,reta.ntheregularcustomers,advertisingcompaniestendto________.A.impressthemwithcolorfulpicturesusepromotionalstrategiesC.changeslogansfrequentlyD.createeye-catchingbrandnames〔CDentalhealth:BrushwithconfidenceChildrenshouldbetaughtbrushtheirteethButthesuspicionremainsamongPeople,dentistsincluded,thatevenso,certainchildrenaredoomedtodevelopdentalcavities.Thehypothesisbehindthisfearthatcombinationsofgenesgiverisetothesortsoforalbacteriawhichareresponsiblecavities.Iftrue,thatwouldbesadfortheyoungstersconcerned.ButastudypublishedinCellHostandMicrobe,byAndresGomezandKarenNelsonoftheJ.CraigrInstitute,inSanDiego,suggestsittrue.mouthistomanyspeciesofmicrobes.Mostaregood.though,wellknowntosecreteacidicwasteproductswhenThisacidityweakensteeth,causingthemtotrytofindoutwhetheragenesplayanyroleencouragingsuchacid-secretingbugs,DrGomezandDrNelsonupanexperimentwithtwins.Theirvolunteers"were280pairsoffraternaltwinsand205pairsofidenticaltwins,allagedbetweenfiveandwhohadnottakenantibioticsduringtheprevioussixmonths.childrenwereaskedstopbrushingtheirteetheveningandthemorningbeforethecrucialmomentofdatacollection.Thiswaswhentheresearchersswabbedthechilgingivalsulci〔thecleftsbetweenteethandgums,inwhichbacteriacollecttofindoutwhatwasthere.childrenalsohadtheirteethscoredbydentistsasbelongingoneofthreecategories:havingnosignsofcurrentorpreviousdentalcavities:havingsignsofcurrentorpreviouscavitiesaffectingtheenamel〔atoothhard,outerlayer;orhavingsignsofcavitiesthatpenetratedenamelandallectedtheunderlyingdentineaswell.第7页/共12页DrGomezandDrNelsonfoundthat,thoughidenticaltwinssharedgroupsofbacteriawhichwerenotsharedbyfraternaltwins,noneoftheseatyperesponsiblecavities.similaritiesinbacterialfloraweregreatestamongfive-toseven-year-olds,weakeramongseven-tonine-year-oldsandweakestamongnine-toThissuggeststhatanyrolegenesdoplayinregulatingtheecologyfadeswithtime.Farfromsupportingtheideathatsomechildrenarefatedtofromcavitiesnomatterhowwelltheybrushtheirteeth,theseresultsmakeitclearthatthepowercontrolthegrowthoftherelevantbacteriaisverywithinreachofchildrenandtheirparents.Brushing,notbetheonlyapproach.sugaryfoodsisobviouslydeItseemsthough,thatwhichotherfoodsachildeatshelpshapehisoralecosystem,too.Thisisanareaofongoingresearch.But,astheintestines〔肠道,themouth,scientificmedicineisatlastcomingtogripswiththefactthatthemixtureofmicrobespresentbothimportantandcapableofmanipulation,tothebenefitofthehost.63.Whatdoes"hypothesis"refertoinparagraphA.failuretobrushtheirteethproperlyleadstotoothchildrenareprogrammedtodeveloptootharesuspiciousoftheeffectivenessoftooth-brushing.D.genesarelikelytoleaddentalcavites.64.DrGomezandDrNelsonconductedanexperimentfindout_______.A.whethergeneshaveanythingtodowithdentaldecaywhichgroupoftwinsarelikelytohavedecayedteethwhatkindsoffoodstendtogiverisetotoothdecayD.whytheecosystemoftheintestinessimilartothatofthemouth65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisUNTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Scientistsarenotsurehowecosystemofthemouthisformed.rolegenesplaycontrollingecosystemofthemouthweakenswiththetime.childrenareclassifiedintothreegroupsaccordingtothedegreesofdentalcavities.D.Identicaltwinsarenotasgeneticallycloseeachotherasfraternaltwins.66.Whatcanlearnfromthelastparagraph?A.existenceofmultiplemicrobesbenefitsoralecosystem.Whatachildeatsenhancesthehealthfulnessofaoralecosystem.CuttingdownonsugarintakeisthemostlikelywaytopreventtoothD.Parentsarenopositionhelptheirchildrenmaintainhealthyoralecosystem.SectionCDirections:ReadthefollowingpassagechoosethemostsuitablestatementfromA-FforeachBlank.Therearetwoextrastatements,whichyounotneed.A.RealityhasbeguntocatchupwiththeimaginationoftheB.NanotechnologyisoneoftheexcitingfieldsofresearchintheworldC.Whenthisbecomespossible,greatchangeswilltakeplaceinnumerousfields.D.Smallastheyare,quantitiesofthemcanmakeadifferenceandworkwonders.E.Nanotechnologyisalsoresponsibletremendousadvancesinmanyotherfields.Theycarrymedicinewiththemastheytravelthoughtheseekingourcancercells.第8页/共12页NanotechnologyGrowsFastThankstoadvancesinthesciencefictionofthepasthasbecomethe"sciencefact"oflikethe1966sci-fiFantastic.Inthefilm,awithveryimportantknowledgewasdying.onlywaytosavehimwasbyusingexperimentalminiaturizationAnumberofscientistswereshrunkasizeandinjectedintothebodytolocatethesourceoftheproblemandsave___67___Overthepastseveraldecades,thescienceofnanotechnologyhasbeendevelopingand,justasinfilm,itinvolvesworkingwithobjectsofaverysmallsize.SomethingverysimilartothemedialprocedureseenFantasticisalreadybeingusedtohelplivescrystalsknownas"quanturndotswhosediametersareonethousandthofahumanareinjectedintothebodyofacancerpatient.___68___Uponfindingathesequantumdotsreleasetheirmedicine,andthenlightthemselvesuptsothatdoctorscanseeexactlywherethecancercellsare.___69___soonfindoureverydaylivesbeingit.Areyoutiredofhavingtothebatteriesinyourmobiledevices?Soon,youneedScientistsareworkingonsolar-cellveststhatwillabsorbfromthesunasyouwalkaroundandprovidepowerforyourdevices.Ericanauthorandscientist,believesthatnanotechnologywillleadtoanewkindofmanufacturing,oneinwhichproductsareassembledatombyatom.Byrearrangingatoms,youcanturnonekindofmoleculeintoForexample,awoodmoleculecanbetransformedintoametalmolecule.Ifthisisdonetimesaccordingtoadesign,aobjectsuchasanaxmighteventuallybecreated,justbyrearrangingatoms.___70___.Althoughhavealreadyseenitsfirstpracticalapplications,evendramaticadvanceswillbemadethefuture.Ⅳ.Surmmary〔10分Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnothan60wordsthemainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Accordingtoanreportonyouthviolence."Inourcountrythegreatestthreattothelivesofchildrenandadolescentsisnotdiseaseorstarvationorabandonment,buttheterriblerealityofviolence."Giventhatthisisthecase,whyarenstudentstaughttomanageconflictthewaytheyaretaughttosolveproblems,drivecars,orstayphysicallyfit?Firstofall,studentsneedtorealizethatconflictisunavoidable.Itisreportedthatmostviolentincidentsbetweenstudentsbeginwitharelativelyminorinsult.Forexample,afightcouldstartoverthefactthatonestudenteatsapeanutbuttersandwicheachlunchtime.Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadtoinsults,whichinturncanleadviolence.Iftheconflictoccurs,studentscanpracticethegoldenruleofconflictresolution:staycalm.Oncethestudentf