2022届山东省部分市高三英语二模试题分类汇编阅读理解

2022届山东省部分市高三英语第二次模试试题分类汇编阅读理解2022届山东省济南市高三4月高考模拟（二模）英语试题第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AForthousandsofyears，buildingshavebeenusedtoshowoffpowerandwealth,tohonorleadersorreligions,andtostretchthelimiarchitecture.Sincearchitecture.Sincethe19thcentury,high-risebuildingshavesprungupallovertheworld,showingthemodernarchitecturewonders.TheEmpireStateBuildingTheEmpireStateBuilding,a102-storybuilding,wascompletedinNewYorkin1931andwasthetallestintheworlduntil1971.WhiletheEmpireStateBuildingwasbuilttobeanofficebuilding,itstilldrawsmillionsoftouristseachyearforoverlookingNewYork.Itiscurrentlyadmiredforitsgreenarchitectureinitiatives,inanefforttobeamoreenergy-efficientandeco-friendlygreenbuilding.TheJinMaoBuildingCompletedin1999andstanding420.6metershigh，theJinMaoBuildingisChina'stallesthighrisebuilding.LocatedinPudongDistrictofShanghai,theJinMaoToweristhe8thsupertall88-floorbuilding,whichrepresentsthebeliefinChineseculturethatthenumber8bringsfortune.Withbothmodernandtraditionalcharacteristics,theJinMaoBuildingisasymbolandlandmarkofShanghaiandamust-sceforanytouristwishingforatasteofmodernShanghai.Taipei101Withaheightof508meters,Taipei101orformerlyknownastheTaipeiWorldFinancialCenterbecametheworld'stallestbuildingwhenitwascompletedin2003.DesignedbyC.Y.Lee&.Partners,themulti-usesteeland-glasshighrisewasintendedtopreventtyphoonsandearthquakes.Taipei101hasdevelopedintotheoutstandinglandmarkofthearea,andtheidealshoppingandrelaxingplaceforlocals.1.WhatistheEmpireStateBuildingrecentlyrecognizedfor?A.Itsmulti-functions.B.Itsnumerousvisitors.C.Itswealthandpower.D.Itsgoing-greenideas.2.WhatdoTaipei101andtheJinMaoBuildinghaveincommon?A.Theyarelandmarkbuildings.B.Theyfeaturetraditionalcultures.C.Theywerebuiltinthe20thcentury.D.Theyweredesignedfornaturaldisasters.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Topromotegreenbuildings.B.Torecommendtouristattractions.C.Tointroducefamoustallbuildings.D.Toadvertisethehigh-risebuildings.BColletteDivitto,31,wasbornwithDown'sSyndrome(唐氏综合征)butsheisfarfromdisabled.Thiswomanchanneledherpassionforbakingintoacookiebusinesswithaglobalmissiontochangetheworld,one,cookieatatime.BasedinBoston,Massachusetts,hercompanywasfoundedin2016.Althoughshedidn’tplanonbeingabusinessowner,shereallycreatedjobsfordisabledpeoplewithalltypesofabilities.Shesaidthatsheopenedthebakeryafterreceivingnumerousjobinterviewrejections,oftenbeingtoldshewasnot“agoodfit”forthecompany.“Itwassadanditwashard,”shesaid.“Tome,itfeltliketheydidn’tlikemeatallbecauseofwhoIam.Noonewouldhireme,soIdecidedtoopenmyownbusiness.”Thepathtosuccesswasn’teasy.Divitto’smotherRosemaryAlfredodidn’traiseherdaughtertothinkofherselfasdifferentfromherclassmates.ButthischangedwhenDivittowasinthefourthgradeandshewasbulliedbyaboyinherclasswhostartedcallingher“DownSyndrome”.Hermotherhadtohaveaconversationwithheraboutwhatitmeantandfromthenon,Divittoworkedhardtobefullyacceptedatschool.Divittoisnotrestingonherlaurels(荣誉).Abigpartofhercompany’smissionistohelppeoplewithdisabilitiesfindjobs.Sheisalsotheauthoroftwochildren’sbooksandshewasfeaturedonthedocumentaryBornforBusinessaboutpioneerswithdisabilities.Divittoalsorunsanonprofitorganization,Collettey’sLeadershipOrg.Herfirstpriorityistoletpeoplestartseeingabilitiesinthephysicallydisadvantagedandtoemploythe82percentofthepeoplewithdisabilitieswhoarecapableofworkingbutcannotfindjobs.Withherdriveandvision,Divittoissuretobeasuccess.4.WhatdroveDivittotoStartherownbusiness?A.Thedesiretohelpothers.B.Thefailuretofindajob.C.Theprospectofbakery.D.Thepassionforbaking.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutDivittofromParagraph4?A.Sheattemptstobeapioneer.B.Sheaimstoassistthedisabled.C.Shewantstoenlargeherbusiness.D.Sheplanstodirectadocumentary.6.WhatconcernsDivittomostaboutthedisabled?A.Equalhumanrights.B.Theirworkingconditions.C.Chancesofself-development.D.Recognitionoftheirabilities.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDivitto?A.Independentandstrict.BAmbitiousandhumorous.C.Determinedandresponsible.D.Outgoingandknowledgeable.CWithoutsharpreductionsingreenhousegasemissions,climatechangethreatensfutureWinterOlympicGamesbecausetheirlocationswouldbetoowarmtohosttheevents,anewstudyhasfound.Iftheworld’shighemissionscontinuetheirtrend,bythe2080sallbutoneofthe21citiesthatpreviouslyhostedtheWinterGames-Sapporo,Japan-wouldnotbeabletodosoagain.Amongthem,6citieswouldbeconsidered“marginal”while14wouldevenbeseen“unreliable”—meaningtherightconditionsforsnowandathletesafetycannotbemet.Butthatwon’tnecessarilyhappeniftheworldtakesurgentactionandfollowsthe2015ParisClimateAgreement,accordingtoDanielScott,theleadresearcherfortheUniversityofWaterloo’sreport.Underthatdeal,nearly200countriesagreedtogreatlycuttheircollectivegreenhouseemissions.Athletesandcoachessurveyedbytheresearcherssaidtheyrealreadyseeingtheeffectclimatechangehasontheirsports.“Someofthecoachesthatdidthesurveyhavebeencoachesinthesportfor30years,”Scottsaid.“They’vetraveledtheworld,backtothesamecompetitions,andthey’veseenthatcertaincompetitionsdon’thappen,asregularlyoruninterruptedlyastheyusedtobecauseofwarmertemperatures.”TheSummerOlympicsarealsofeelingtheeffectsofclimatechange.Tokyo’sOlympicandParalympicGamesarelikelyoneof—ifnot—thehottestandmosthumidGamesonrecord.Dailytemperaturesreached80Fhighwithhighhumidity(湿度)thatcouldmakeitfeellike100°F.Butwintersportsseemmorestronglyinfluencedbytheimpactofawarmerworld.Duringthe2014WinterOlympicsinSochi,Russia,skierswereoverheatinginthesamewayamarathonrunnerwouldatnearly90Fweather.Duetothegreatimpact,thestudymakesusworrythatoutdoorgamesmayhavetomoveindoorsorbeheldatadifferenttimeofyearaltogetherinordertoaccommodatehighertemperatures.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“marginal”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Almostunqualified.B.Prettysatisfactory.C.Ratherunpopular.D.Quitesuitable.9WhyareTokyo’sOlympicsmentionedinParagraph5?A.ToshowthespiritoftheOlympics.B.Tostresstheimpactofclimatechange.C.Torevealthecauseofwarmerclimate.D.TocomparesummerandwinterOlympics10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefindingofthestudy?A.Conservative.B.Tolerant.C.Optimistic.D.Concerned.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Globalclimatechanges.B.Greenhousegasemissions.C.TheWinterOlympicscrisis.D.ThefutureOlympicGames.DHaveyoueverbeenseizedwithakindofwarmandunclearfeelingwhenyoustartanold-fashionedgame?Ormaybewhenyouthinkbacktocelebratingtheholidaysasakid,somethingmagicaljustseemstobemissingnow.That’snostalgia.Intheearly20thcentury,nostalgiawasconsideredamentalconditionsimilartodepression.Anyoneseparatedfromtheirnativeplaceforalongtimewaseasytosuffernostalgia.Butoverthenextfewdecades,themeaningofnostalgiahasexpandedfromindicatinghomesicknesstoagenerallongingforthepast.Andratherthananawfuldisease,itturnsouttobeseenasabittersweetexperience.Fromseveralformerstudies,researchersoftheUniversityofSouthamptonsupposednostalgiamightprotectpeoplefrombeinginbadmood,evenwhentheythinkaboutupsettingthing—likedeath.Totestitout,theyconductedanexperiment,where75peoplewroteabouttheirowndeaths,andthendidawordcompletiontask,inwhichtheywereaskedtocompletedifferentwordsbasedonasix-letterwordstartingwithC-O-F-F.Thepeoplewhothoughtaboutdyingbutdidn’tgetnostalgicansweredwithmanydeath-relatedwords,suchas“coffin”，whilethenostalgicpeoplegavemoreanswersunrelatedtodeathlike“coffee”,almostasiftheyhadneverthoughtaboutdeathinthefirstplace.Theresearchersthinkthatcouldmeannostalgia,despitebeingacomplexemotionalstatethatcanincludefeelingsoflossandsadness,doesn’tgenerallyputpeopleinanegativemood.Instead,byallowingindividualstorememberpersonallymeaningfulandrewardingexperiences,nostalgiacanboostpsychologicalwell-being.Thesestudiesareprettylimited,though,andthere’sstillalotwedon’tknowaboutnostalgia.Still,thesestudiessupportthatnostalgiahasapurpose;Ifpeoplearefeelingdown,itmightcheerthemup.Buttherearealsosomelesshelpfulsideeffects.Forexample,advertisershavediscoveredhowpowerfulnostalgiaisasamarketingtechnique,fornostalgiainadscanmakepeoplepartwithcashmoreeasily.So,itisnotallsugarcookies.12WhatisParagraph2intendedtoexplain?A.Thedepressioncausedbylongtermnostalgia.B.Thementalconditionsofpeopleawayfromhome.C.Theunderstandingsofnostalgiaindifferentperiods.D.Therelationshipbetweenhomesicknessandnostalgia.13.Howdidtheresearchersprovetheresultoftheformerstudies?A.Byperformingatest. B.Byintroducingaconcept.C.Bydoinganinvestigation. D.Byconductinganinterview.14.WhatcanweinferaboutnostalgiafromParagraph4?A.Itneedstobefurtherstudied. B.Ithelpstoremovebadfeelings.C.Itbenefitspeople’sphysicalhealth. D.Itmakespeoplefeellifeiscomplex.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheReasonsforFeelingNostalgia B.TheCommercialValuesofNostalgiaC.Nostalgia:AMethodforaBetterMood D.Nostalgia:ABitterandPleasantExperience2022届山东省聊城市高三下学期二模英语试题第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AReceiver:MarvinJonesDate:December27,2021Streetaddress:117NewCavendishStreet,London,WIT5DU,UnitedKingdomPRIVATEANDCONFIDENTIALAsaresultofdiscussionandsuccessfulcompletionoftwotesttranslationsundercommercialconditionsduringyourvisit,I’mpleasedtoinformyouofyouremploymentatouroffice.Theprincipaltermsareasfollows.Position:STAFFTRANSLATORANDCHECKER.Startingdate:February1,2022.Workinghours:Fulltime.35hoursperweek.Corehoursarefrom9:00to17:00with60minutesforlunch.Flexibilityissubjecttoapproval.Holidays:20daysperyearplusallpublicholidays.Duties:YourprincipaldutiesaretranslationfromNorwegianandSwedishintoEnglishandcheckingothertranslators’translations.Also,it’sexpectedthatyou’llbeexposedtotextsinDanishonoccasion.ThefollowingareyourspecifictermsandconditionsofservicewithAardvarkLanguageServicesasofFebruary1,2022untilanyfurthernotice.TrialperiodThetrialperiodapplicabletonewemployeesisthreemonths.ThusyourpositionwillbecomepermanentonMay1,2022,subjecttosatisfactorycompletionofthisperiod.Thenoticeperiodisoneweek.SalaryandbenefitsYoursalaryfromMay1,2022,willbe￡42000peryearwiththescheduledsalaryreviewonMay1,2022.Youwillbepaidmonthlyonoraboutthe23rdofeachmonth.Inaddition,you’requalifiedforbenefitslikethecarallowance(补助),insuranceonbusinesstravelandpersonaltransportandotheritemsmentionedinthecompanyhandbook.NosicknessorinjurybenefitsapartfromtheNationalHealthServiceprovisionareprovidedatpresent.1.Howmanylanguagesareneededforthementionedposition?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.2.WhatcanMarvinJonesenjoyinAardvarkLanguageServices?A.Freelunch. B.Trafficallowance.C.Sicknessbenefits. D.Flexibleworkinghours.3.Whatkindoftextisit?A.Ajobofferletter. B.Anevaluationreport.C.Ajobadvertisement. D.Anapplicationletter.BSewingcanbefunandcreative.Buthaveyoueverthoughtthatasewingmachinecanalsomeantheworldtomanypeoplearoundtheglobethatuseitastheirmainsourceofincome?WhenMargaretJankowskidiscoveredthis,shedecidedtofoundTheSewingMachineProject,anorganizationthatcollectsdonatedusedmachinesandredistributestheminremoteplaceslikeSriLanka,Guatemala,Guam,andKosovo.ItalsoaimstohelpthoseinDetroitandNewOrleans.In2004,whenatsunami(海啸)hitSriLanka,Margaretwasdeeplytouchedbythestoryofaparticularwoman.Afterthevillageshelivedinwasdestroyedbythenaturaldisaster,shelosteverything,includinghersewingmachine,herapproachtofutureearnings.ThisstorymadeMargaretdecidetocollectusedsewingmachinesandsendthemtoSriLanka.Afterattendingalocalnewsprogramwhereshepresentedheridea,shestartedreceivingscoresofsewingmachines.TheSewingMachineProjectcoversabasicyetnecessaryneedofmanyimpoverishedpeoplearoundtheworld.Forthem,sewingcanbeatoolforsurvival.Whetherinafactoryorathome,asewingmachinecanbethedoortobrighterfinancialopportunities.Asewingmachinecanalsoenablemanytopreservetheirculturalidentity.AfterHurricaneKatrinaoccurredin2005,acommunityofNewOrleansthatwearsskillfully-madesuitsfortheirowntraditionalfestivallostmanyoftheirsewingmachines.Sincethen,thenon-profitorganizationhasdistributedhundredsofmachinesamongthecreatorsofthecostumes,helpingthemmaintaintheirtraditionaswellastheirincome.4.Whydoestheauthorraisethequestioninthefirstparagraph?A.Tocallupreaders’memories. B.Toleaduptotheproject.C.Tostresstheroleofsewing. D.Tointroducesewingmachines.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Destructionofthe2004tsunami. B.TheexperienceofMargaretin2004.C.ThestoryofawomaninSriLanka. D.Inspirationfortheproject.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impoverished”inparagraph4mean?A.Disabled. B.Exhausted. C.Poor. D.Pessimistic.7.WhyisthecommunityinNewOrleansmentionedintheend?A.Tohighlightitsculturalidentity.B.Toprovetheimportanceofkeepingtraditions.C.Toexplaintheproject’sachievement.D.Toshowtheproject’scontributiontotraditions.CAnexhibitionof125life-sizeelephantsculptureshasgoneondisplayinLondontohighlighttheneedforcoexistencebetweenpeopleandwildlife.OrganizedbyconservationgroupsElephantFamilyandTheRealElephantCollective,theexhibitioncomesasaherdofwildAsianelephantsroamingSouthwestChina’sYunnanProvincehasdrawnglobalattention.ElephantFamilysaiditwouldliketoseemorestrategiesinplacethatallowelephantstomigrate,eat,anddotheirbesttofitintostrangelandscapesinawaythatissafeforbothpeopleandwildanimals.TheCoExistenceexhibitionisondisplayatGreenPark,StJames’sParkandBerkeleySquareafterthesculptureswereinitiallyplacedoutsideBuckinghamPalaceinMay.CoExistenceisanenvironmentalartexhibitionbyElephantFamilyandTheRealElephantCollective.Theelephantshavebeencreateddeepinthejunglesbyindigenous(土生土长的)communitieswholiveclosetotheirreal-lifecounterparts.Here,peopleandelephantscoexistindenser(更密集的)populationsthananywhereeseintheworld.ThefounderofTheRealElephantCollective,anonprofitorganizationcontributingtoprotectingelephants,said,“Ourbestguessisthatelephantsareveryintelligentandhavelearnedthathumansgrowlotsofnutritiousfood.Elephantsmoveoverlongdistancesandexploretheirenvironment,astheirancestorshavealwaysdone.Coexistenceisaboutnegotiatingthissharingofspace.”Whenmanypartsoftheworldwentintolockdowntohelpcontrolthespreadofthenovelcoronavirus,researchersfoundwildlifethrived(茁壮成长)inthewakeofreducedhumanactivity.“Aglobalreductioninhumanactivityhashadapositiveeffectonwildlifearoundtheworld,”ElephantFamilysaid.“Ithasnowbeenscientificallydemonstratedthatthemomentwelightenourfootprint,wildlifethrivesandtransformsthehealthoftheplanetforall.TheCOVID-19pandemichasshowedusthatcoexistencewithwildlifeisverymuchpossible.”Aftertheexhibition,thesculptureswillgoonsaleforbetween6,000pounds(US$8,346)foracalfand30,000poundsforalargeadult,Moneyraisedwillbedirectedtowardsomegrassrootsorganizationsworkingonpeacefulcoexistence.8.What’stheaimoftheCoExistenceexhibition?A.ToattractvisitorstoLondon.B.Toraisemoneyforprotectingelephants.CToencouragepeopletoliveinharmonywithwildlife.D.TohonourtheelephantsroaminginYunanProvince,China.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefounder’swordsinparagraph4?A.Elephantscausenoharmtohumans.B.Elephantsarealmostasintelligentashumans.C.Humansandelephantsarefightingformorespace.D.Thecoexistencebetweenhumansandelephantsneedsefforts.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.TheCOVID-19pandemichasnoeffectonwildlife.B.Fewerhumanactivitiesarefavorabletowildlife.C.Peopleshouldtrytoavoidcontactwithwildlife.D.Theexhibitioncanearnmoneyforwildlifepreservation.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A.AnExhibitionTourofElephantSculpturesB.NegotiationBetweenPeopleandWildlifeC.EffectsofHumanActivitiesonElephantsD.Elephants’IntelligenceandNaturetoExploreDTheworldisgoingthroughabasictransformation,whichischangingthewaywelive,workandthink.TheFourthIndustrialRevolutionisbringingdramaticchangeandgivingrisetoafuturefilledwithexcitingopportunitiesandnewchallenges.Togethergovernmentsandbusinessesmustfindsolutionstosociety’smostpressingneeds—fromcreatingacarbon-freeeconomytotacklingpopulationgrowthandurbanization.Inanyperiodofrapidchangethereisatrendtolookforasimplemethod,togreetthenewthingsandreplacetheoldwayofdoingthings.Butacloselookatthefactstellsadifferentstory.Complexproblemsrequiremanysolutionsworkinginharmonytoenablepositivechange.Thechallengeforscientistsandtheengineersistoprovidesolutionsinfactdataandtoday’srealities.Andwhiletechnologiesoffernewtoolstohelpuncoversolutions,theprocessalsorequireshardwork,imaginationandlotsofimprovement.Successrestsonperformingpractical,realistic,long-termsolutionsthatmaketheworldcleaner,saferandmoresustainable.Theenvironmentisacaseinpoint.Muchofthepublicdebatehascenteredonthecentralroleofrenewablepowersourcesinrealizingalow-carbonenergyfuture.Whiletheindustryisfullybehindthedevelopingrenewables,todayweunderstandaloworzero-carbonfuturedependsonadoptingamultifacetedapproach.Wecannotcontrolsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblows,whichmeanssolarpowerandwindpowergeneratorswillproducetoomuchortoolittleenergyattimes.Thetransitiontorenewablesneedstotakeaccountofseriousconsiderations.Batterieshavebeenmuchdiscussedasameansofstoringextraenergy,butthereareotherchoices.Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergycreatedbyrenewablestobestoredandredistributedwhenandwhereitisneeded.12.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Society’sdramaticchangecallsforsimplemethods.B.Oldmeansofdoingthingsshouldbereplacedbynewones.C.Societyneedspositivechangefordevelopment.D.Someproblemsshouldbesolvedincombinedways.13.Whatdoestheauthorexpectscientistsandengineerstodo?A.Offernewtoolstouncoversolutions.B.Tacklepopulationgrowth.C.Workhardwithimagination.D.Maketheworldbetterwithasimplemethod.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheconsumptionofthesolarpowerandwindpower?A.Uncertain. B.Cautious. C.Unconfident. D.Doubtful.15.WhichofthefollowingistheadvantageofPower-to-Xtechnologies?A.Theycanadjustpowersupply.B.Theycanconserveenergy.C.Theyhelpmakemoreelectricity.D.Theycancreatepowerfromwindandsun.2022届山东省泰安市高三下学期4月二轮检测英语试题第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGetReadyforSummerSeriesJointheNationalSummerLearningAssociationSummerBootcamptogaintoolsandbestpracticestohelpyouththrive(茁壮成长).Anyonewhocaresaboutsummerlearningiswelcome!Leadersfromschools,community-basedprograms,camps,libraries,outdooreducationprograms,andmore.Ifyouareworkingwithyouthduringthesummermonths,youwillbenefitfromtheseideasandstrategies.Day1-March30Session1:1p.m.-2p.m.We'llexploretheresearchanddatatellingusthecurrentstateoftheacademic,mental,andphysicalell-beingofchildrenandfamilies.Withthedatainhand,we'llconsiderhowtocreatestrategiesthatmeetthismomentintimeandhelpyoungpeoplethrive.Session2:2p.m.-3p.m.What'sknownisthatweneedtothinkcreativelyandplanstrategicallytofindandretain(留住)excellentstaffthatknowshowtobuildrelationshipswithyoungpeople.Inthissession,we'llsharetoolsandstrategiestodevelopastrongworkforcereadytomakeadifferencethissummer.Day2-March31Session1:1p.m.-2p.m.Let'sexplorehowtoaccesstheinvestmentsandensureimpact.We'llconsiderhowtoleveragepartnershipsacrosssectors,includingschools,community-basedorganizations,businessandmoretomakethemostoftheinvestmentofpublicfunding.Session2:2p.m.-3p.m.Inthissession,we'lldiveintoprogramsthathaveprovenstrategies,toolsandcoursesthatcanbeappliedinyoursummerlearningprogram.We'lltalkabouthowtoaccessandapplylearningstrategiesthatensurechildrenandyouthenjoytheirsummer.1.WhoshouldattendtheSummerBootcamp?A.Onlytheleadersfromschools. B.Theyoungpeoplewhoarethriving.C.Whoeverworkswiththeyouthinsummer. D.Thestudentscaringaboutsummerlearning.2.Whichdoyouchooseifyou'reinterestedinthehealthyissue?A.Day1-March30Session1. B.Day1-March30Session2.C.Day2-March31Session1. D.Day2-March31Session2.3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A.Howtoenjoyyourselfinsummer. B.Programsaboutthelearningmethods.C.Strategies,toolsandcoursesonyouth. D.Howtoensureyouthaccesstheinvestments.BRalphWaldoEmersonwasbornonMay25,1803inBoston,MassachusettsanddiedfromalungdiseaseonApril27,1882.Althoughhewasinpoorhealthformostofhisadultlife,hestillcreatednumerousliteraryworkswhichhelaterturnedintoessays.Oneofhisgreatestandmostinfluentialworkswasanessaycalled“Nature”.Healsowrotepoetryandwasawell-knownpoetinAmerica.Emersonwasawell-educatedindividual,butsomeofhisideaswereconsideredtobequiteradical(激进的)atthetime.InSeptember1836,EmersonfoundedtheTranscendentalClub.Hebelievedinthingslikeself-relianceandindividualism.Thesethingswereveryhardforpeopletounderstandatthetime.ButforEmerson,itwassimplyanextensionofthebiggerpicture.Hehadalwayschallengedlong-standingbeliefsabouteverythingandhadalwaysbeenafrontrunnerwhenitcametochange.Besides“Nature”,hewroteessayssuchas“Self-Reliance”and“Circles”.Hefinishedtheseworksbywritingaslectures.Hewasaskilledpublicspeaker,sohewouldpreparethesemorelikespeechesandlatereditedthemtomakethemreadbetterforthegeneralpublic.Duringhisearlycareer,hespentmostofhistimewritingessays.Butashishealthdeclined,hewasforcedtochangehislifestyle,andbeganwritingsomepoetry.Manyofhisessaysandpoetryarestillpopulartoday,whichproveshissuccessasawriteraswellasaphilosophicalthinker.Asaresult,hisworkshavebecomesomethingthatalmosteveryonehastoread.Inreality,hewasaprogressivethinkerthatledanumberofpeopleintoacompletelydifferentwayofthinkingduringthe19thcentury.Hejusthappenedtobeagiftedwriterandputmanyofhisthoughtsdownonpapersopeoplecanstillreadthemtoday.4.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowusnumerousfamousliteraryworks. B.TogiveusabriefintroductionofEmerson.C.Toexplainhowtocreateinfluentialpoetrytous. D.TotellusthenewsaboutthedeathofEmerson.5.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Emersondidn'tagreewiththeconventionalbeliefs.B.TheClubwasveryhardforpeopletounderstand.C.Awell-educatedindividualshouldn'tbequiteradical.D.Self-relianceandindividualismwerepopularatthattime.6.WhydidEmersonchangehislifestyletowritepoetry?A.Hishealthwasinapoorcondition. B.Hisessaywasdifficulttounderstand.C.Hewasquiteradicalinhislatertime. D.Hewantedtochallengelong-standingbeliefs.7.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Emerson'sworksarenotpopularnow.B.Emersonwasapioneerwhenitcametochange.C.Emersonwrotemanyspeechesofhighqualitylater.D.Ingeneral,Emersonwasatraditionalthinkerandwriter.CWhenyouwereatschool,wereyouevertoldtostopdaydreamingandconcentrate?Itwaseasyforyourmindtowanderifyouweren'tinterestedinwhatyouwerelearningorifyouhadbetterthingstothinkabout.Stayingfocusedcanstillbeachallengeinadultlife,butunderstandinghowtodoit,andknowingwhatisdistractingyou,canhelp.Scientistshavelookedatwhatmakesusdelayandfoundanumberofwaystohelpusstayinthezone.Oneofthemostobviousthingsiseliminatingnoise.ResearchbyScienceFocusmagazinefoundsilenceisbestforconcentration,oragentlebackgroundhumandcoffeeshopnoiseisgreat!Italsofoundturningoffnotificationsonyourphone,orswitchingitoffaltogether,removesamajordistractionandhelpsusfocusonthetaskathand.Anotherpossiblecureforashortattentionspanisbraintraining.Psychologistsandneuroscientistsareincreasinglyinterestedinourabilitytosettledownandhavelookedatwhatwecanchangeinsideourheadtomakeusconcentrate.AnarticleforBBCFuturebyCarolineWilliamssaysthat“AttentionResearcherNilliLavieofUniversityCollegeLondonhasfoundthatmakingataskmorevisuallydemanding...takesupmoreprocessingpowerandleavesthebrainnothinglefttoprocessdistractions.”So,keepingyourmindbusymightbetheanswer.Therearemor