黑龙江省五常市第三中学Unit2KeepingHealthyTopic2《Imustaskhimtogiveupsmoking》SectionB学案（仁爱版八年级上册）

第6页共6页一、学习目标Aimsanddemands1.掌握本部分重点词组和句型。2.学会使用情态动词must,mustnot，掌握祈使句句型。二、学法指导Howtostudy1.认真阅读Unit2Topic2SectionB，并对语言点、难点做出标记；2.记本部分单词、学案所列出的词组和句型；3.学习学案，并完成学案上的练习题；三、自主预习PreparationⅠ.英汉互译下列单词并标上词性。1.article_______________()2.smoke_________()___________()3.litter__________()________()4.enough_______________()_______________()_______________()5.癌_______________()6.垃圾箱_______________()7.能量；精力_____________()8.必需的，必要的_______________()Ⅱ.在课本中找出下列短语划在书上并翻译1．在阳光下读书_______________2．对……有害_______________3．让某人做某事_______________4．戒烟_______________5．把某物出示给某人看_______________/_______________6．将垃圾丢入垃圾箱_______________7．到处扔垃圾_______________8．对……必要_______________9．保持活力_______________10．在一天中_______________/_______________11．给某人某物_______________/_______________Ⅲ.翻译并熟记下列句子.1．他认为吸烟可以放松自己。_______________________________________________________________2．禁止践踏草坪。_______________________________________________________________3．散步是项好运动，它对你的健康必不可少。_______________________________________________________________4．不吃早餐上学对你的健康有害。_______________________________________________________________5．多么可怕啊！我一定要让他戒烟。_______________________________________________________________四、知识链接Hotlink1．must的用法我们平时说话总会用到“必须；必要；应该；一定”等字眼，其实，在英语中这些意思绝大多数由must一词来担当。说到这里，让我们一起对must来个彻底的了解吧。

(一)、must的个性：

must拥有情态动词家族的共性：无人称和数的变化，也无时态变化。作谓语时一律用“must+动词原形”结构。

(二)、must的本领：

（1）must表示说话人的主观看法或愿望，认为“必须”做某事。例如：

I____________hard.我必须努力学习。

（2）表示要求某人必须做某事时，主语用其它人称。例如：

Youmustwaitinline.你必须排队等候。

（3）在肯定句中，must可以表推测，语气要比may肯定得多。must表示对某事把握很大的推测，只能用于肯定句，意为“想必；准是；很可能”；mustbe表示“必定……无误”。当表示对现在的情况进行推测时，must后也接动词原形或动词的现在分词。当情态动词may与be连用，表示推测时，其肯定程度比must要小得多。在否定句型表示推测的含义时不用mustn't而用can't。例如：She____________ournewChineseteacher.她一定是我们的新的语文老师。

Thedoorisclosed.Hecan'tbeathome.门关着，他一定不在家。

(三)、must的变脸：

（1）must的否定式是在must后面加上not，常缩写成mustn't，意思是“决不可；千万不能；务必不要；禁止”。在对MayI...?作否定回答时用No，youmustn't/can't。例如：

You_________tellherthisnews.你绝不能（千万不要）告诉她这消息。You______________smokeher.e你绝不能在这儿抽烟。

（2）must的疑问式是将must提在主语前。must用在问句中作“必须”解，这时要注意肯定与否定回答时的用语。其肯定简略答语是Yes，主语+must。若是否定回答，则是No，主语+needn't或don'thaveto。例如：

—MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday?今天我必须完成我的作业吗？

—No，you______/Yes，you______.不必。/对，你必须完成。2.giveup【课文原句】_________________________________________.【导学点拨】giveup放弃，当后面接动词作宾语时，应用v.-ing形式。giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.e.g.Youshouldstop_______.=Youshould_______________.你应该戒烟。3.throwlitteraround【课文原句】_________________________________________.【导学点拨】throwaround意为“抛撒…….”aroundt在这里是副词，与throw一起构成动词短语。后接宾语如果是名词时放在副词前后都可，是代词时只可放在动词和副词之间。即“名词两边，代词中间”。e.g.Don’t_______________________.别乱扔它。Don'tthrowwastepaperaround=Don’tthrowaroundwastepaper.不要到处扔废纸。4.benecessaryfor【课文原句】_________________________________________.【导学点拨】benecessaryfor…对于……来说是必不可少的e.g.Sunshine_______________________ourlife.阳光对于我们的生活来说是必不可少的。5.begoodfor【课文原句】_________________________________________.【导学点拨】begoodfor对……好，有益。e.g.Exercise___________________ourbodies.运动对我们的身体有益.6.duringtheday【课文原句】_________________________________________.【导学点拨】duringtheday在一天中，相当于inthedaytimeduringprep.在……期间e.g.duringtheholidays在假期里五、目标检测PracticeI.根据句意及首字母提示填空。1.Eatingfruitkeepsush__________.2.Walkingisn__________forgoodhealth.3.K__________longfingernailsisabadhabit.4.Youmustn’tt__________litterabout.You’dbetterkeepenviromentcleanandtidy.5.Heisverypoor,hehasnote__________foodtoeat.6.Chocolategivesyoue___________.Buteatingtoomuchisbadforyourteeth.7.Hewroteana___________aboutWangXiaoya.8.S___________uplateisbadforyourhealth.9.Weshoulddomoreexercisetokeepush___________.10.Manyd___________arecausedbygerms.II.请你帮每个情态动词复位。may,need,can,must,haveto,could,should1.She__________speakEnglish,butIcan’t.2.Helen__________swimwhenshewassevenyearsold.3.__________Iborrowyourpen?4.We__________finishourhomeworktoday.5.You__________noteatbetweenmeals.Itwillmakeyoufat.6.Tomorrowisaholiday.__________yougototheoffice?7.Theywould’tliketoleavetheirteam,butoneofthemwill__________dothat.III.单项选择()1.Hegoestowork_______theday,andstudies________night.A.in;inB.at;atC.in;atD.at;in()2.LiLei,don’twalk_________thelawn.A.aboutB.atC.inD.on()3.Itisnecessary_________us_________handsbeforeoraftermeals.A.to;towashB.for;forwashingC.for;towashD.to;forwashing()4.--Mustwedrinkeightcupsofwatereveryday?--Yes,you________.A.mayB.canC.needD.must()5.It’sagoodhabit________domoringexercises.A.forB.toC.byD.inIV.完形填空Davidwasadoctor.Hespent1timeinplayingwhenhewasinthemedicalcollege.Ofcourse,helearnednothing.Lateronhetriedtofinda2inthecities,buthefailed.He3returntohishometown.Itwas4andtherewasonlyonehospitalinit.Hethoughtheknewmuchandlookeddownupon(瞧不起)his5.Butsoonthepatientsfoundhewasnotagooddoctor6fewaskedhimtolookthemover.Heknewbuthedidn’tOnedayatravelercameintohisoffice.Themancaughtacoldandwantedsome8.Davidhopedtobepaidmoreandlookedoveroneofthetraveler’seyes9.“Ohdear!”calledoutDavid,“Youhaveabadheartdisease.YoushouldbeinhospitalandonlyIcanhelpyou!”“Please10myrighteye,sir,”saidthetraveler,“theleftoneisfalse(假的).”()1.A.much B.alittle C.no D.little()2.A.doctor B.job C.hospital D.friend()3.A.must B.should C.hadto D.hadbetter()4.A.new B.big C.small D.beautiful()5.A.parents B.patients C.friends D.workmates()6.A.but B.and C.however D.because()7.A.say B.fight C.believe D.mind()8.A.money B.food C.drink D.medicine()9.A.quickly B.carefully C.softly D.careful()10.A.lookat B.lookfor C.lookafter D.looklikeV.阅读理解InChina，moreandmorehighschoolstudentsaregettingshortersleepingtimethanbefore.Moststudentssleeplessthanninehourseverynightbecausetheyhavemuchhomeworktodo.Somehomeworkisgiven(被给)bytheirteachersandsomebytheirparents.Also,somestudentsdon’tknowhowtosave(节约)time.Theyarenotcarefulenoughwhile(当……时候)theydotheirhomework,soittakesthemalotoftime.SomestudentsspendtoomuchtimewatchingTVorplayingcomputergames.Theystayupverylate.SomestudentshavetogetupearlyeverymorningfromMondaytoFridaytogettoschoolon