2023届高考英语二轮复习：虚拟语气课件16张

语法小专题虚拟语气虚拟语气的概念：虚拟语气就是表示说话人的愿望、假设或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。一.if引起的虚拟条件句1：与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/could/might/should+do。Ifshehadtime,shewouldgowithyou.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyfreelyintheair.一.if引起的虚拟条件句2：与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时,主句用would/could/might/shouldhavedone。Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinthecompetition.

一.if引起的虚拟条件句3：与将来事实相反,从句谓语三选一：①一般过去时②weretodo③shoulddo,主句用would/could/might/shoulddo。Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.一.if引起的虚拟条件句4：错综条件句，即主句和从句与不同时间相反，则根据主从句位置和事实区别对待对号入座。Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouwereolder,Iwouldhaveallowedyoutogotherealoneyesterday.一.if引起的虚拟条件句5：if条件句若省略if，则把were/should/had提前到句首构成部分倒装句。WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldgoabroadatonce.HadIarrived(=IfIhadarrived)fiveminutesearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain.Shouldhecome(=Ifheshouldcome)today,tellhimtoringmeup.一.if引起的虚拟条件句6：含蓄条件句，即句子含有without,butfor,otherwise等词，后面按主句对待。Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.Iwouldhavedeliveredaspeech,

but

Ihadacoldthatday.二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”场合1：一、二、三、四类动词(一坚持insist二命令order,command三建议advise,suggest,recommend四要求demand,desire,require,request)接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。但应注意insist表示“坚持说”，suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，后接宾语从句应用陈述语气。二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”场合Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputofftillnextweek.Thedoctororderedthatthepatient(should)besenttohospitalwithoutdelay.Thesmileonhisface

suggested

thathe

was

satisfiedwithourwork.二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”场合2：一二三四类动词派生来的名词(order,command,advice,suggestion,requirement等)后接从句，该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。Weagreedtothe

order

thatthetask

(should)becompleted

at5o'clock.Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)

besettled

assoonaspossible.二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”场合3.Itisnecessary/strange/impossible..that..从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。若从句涉及已经发生的动作，则应用shouldhavedone。Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.It'svitalthat

we(should)

take

oursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.三、特殊句型与虚拟语气1：Iwishthat…从句与过去、现在、将来事实相反，分别用haddone,did,would/coulddo。I

wish

thatI

were

tenyearsyounger.IwishthatIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.三、特殊句型与虚拟语气2：ifonly表示“如果……该多好”，asif/though表示“好像”，从句虚拟用法同上。Helooksasifhewereanartist.Shelooks

asif

nothing

hadhappened

toher.IfonlyI

hadseen

thefilmwithJanelastnight.注意：asif/asthough也可用于陈述语气，表示谈论可能或真实的事情。如：Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.三、特殊句型与虚拟语气3：Iwouldratherthat…从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在、将来相反用一般过去时。（从句的谓语动词用过去时表对现在或将来虚拟，用过去完成时表对过去虚拟）I'drather

thathe

hadgone

totheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.Whenmyfatherisupset,hewouldratherthatwelefthimalone.三、特殊句型与虚拟语气4：It