【课件】Unit+4+Reading+and+Thinking课件高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit4

HistoryandTraditionsReadingandThinkingApeoplewithoutthekonwledgeoftheirpasthistory,originandcultureislikeatreewithoutroots.---MarcusGarvey一个不了解自己历史，起源和文化的民族，就如同一棵无根之树。

——马库斯·贾维Aquote:Teachingobjectives1.Tolearntousethereadingstrategy---readingmaps.2.Tolearntoguessthenewwordsinacontext.3.Tounderstandtheimportanceoflearningacountry’shistoryforlearningthecountryandcanexpresstheiropinionsandviewsfreely.Q:WhatcomestoyourmindwhenreferringtotheUK?Step1:Lead-in

bigfigures？touristattractions？worldwideuniversity？localfood？traditionalcloth？...LanguageReligionCapitalCurrencyRiverRulerNationalflagEnglishCatholicism(天主教)LondonpoundtheThames(泰晤士河)PrimeMinister(首相)TheUnionJack(英国国旗)Lookatthemap.Whatdoesitshow?Whatisitusedfor?topographicmaptrafficmapweathermapresourcemapStep2:Pre-reading

Whatdothedifferentsymbolsandcolorsstandfor?Theredspotstandsfor__________.Thesmallcirclesstandfor_________.Differentcolorsstandfor_________________________.thecapitalbigcitiesdifferentregionsorcountiesAtopographicmapAweathermapAtrafficmapAnadministrativezoningmapAresourcemapTask1.Lookatthemap,whattypeofmapisit?√Q1:What’sthefullnameoftheUK?let’swatchavideo.theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandPARA1WHAT’SINANAME?TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeople

areconfusedby

whatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?

GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.联合王国、大不列颠、不列颠、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名字的含义感到困惑。如果有区别的话，那么它们之间有什么区别？稍微了解一下英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题Getting句主语：GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistoryPARA2EnglandtheKingdomofEngland16thcenturyWalesScotland18thcenturytheKingdomofGreatBritain19thcenturytheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIrelandIreland20thcenturyNorthernIrelandtheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland=EnglandScotlandIrelandtheUKInthe16thcentury,the

nearby

countryofWales

wasjoinedto

theKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIreland

was

addedto

createtheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIreland

brokeawayfrom

theUK,which

resultedin

thefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.在16世纪，附近的威尔士与英格兰王国联合了起来。后来，在18世纪，苏格兰加入了创建大不列颠王国的行列。在19世纪，爱尔兰王国加入，一起组建了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，形成了我们如今所看到的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,whichmeanstheUK

is

alsooften

referredtoas

BritainorGreatBritain.大多数人只是使用缩写名称：“联合王国”或“英国”。来自英国的人被称为“不列颠人”，这意味着英国也经常被称为不列颠或大不列颠。PARA3Similarities_____;_________;________________Differences___________and_____systems;__________________andeven______________forcompetitions.currencyflagmilitarydefenceeducationallegaltheirowntraditionsfootballteamsPara.3SimilaritiesanddifferencesThefourcountriesthat

belongto

theUnitedKingdom

worktogether

insomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,

knownas

theUnionJack,

aswellas

sharethesamecurrencyand

militarydefence.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.

Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsand

legal

systems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!联合王国的这四个国家在某些方面共同合作。像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗（称为“英国国旗”）。但是，它们也有一些不同之处。例如，英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰在教育体制和立法体制上都存在着差异。他们也有自己的传统，例如自己的民族节日和民族美食。他们甚至拥有各自的足球队去参加像世界杯之类的比赛！PARA4Therewere4groupsofpeopleonceconqueredUK.Doyouknowwhoarethey?Anglo-SaxonsRomansNormansVikingsThefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Achievements:buildingtownsandroadsThesecondgroup:Anglo-SaxonsinthefifthcenturyAchievements:TheyintroducedthebeginningoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.Thethirdgroup:TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,Achievements:leavebehindlotsofnewvocabulary,andthenamesofmanylocations.Thelastgroup:TheNormansinthe11thcenturyAchievements:TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEnglandandmadechangestothelegalsystem.ManyFrenchwordsslowlyenteredintotheEnglishlanguage.When?Whathappened?Whatchanged?

Romansarrived

Ango-Saxonscame

Vikingscame11thcentury

1stcentury

5thcentury

8thcenturyNormansconqueredEnglandaftertheBattleofHastingstownsandroadslanguageandwayhouseswerebuiltvocabularyandnamesoflocationsacrosstheUKcastlesbuilt,legalsystemchanged,andnewwordsfromFrenchintroducedWhen?Whathappened?Whatchanged?16thcentury18thcentury19thcentury20thcenturyWaleswasjoinedtoKingdomofEnglandScotlandwasjoinedtoEnglandandWales“KingdomofGreatBritain”formedIrelandwasadded“UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland”formedthesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawaynamechangedto“UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbe

surrounded

by

evidence

offourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewho

tookover

atdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.英国有着悠久而有趣的历史可供探索，这可以帮助你进一步了解这个国家及其传统。在英国的几乎所有地方，你都发现有四批不同的人在整个历史的不同时期占据政权的痕迹。Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreat

achievements

includedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxonsarrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,

leftbehind

lotsofnewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmany

locations

acrosstheUK.第一批是罗马人，出现于公元一世纪。他们的一些伟大成就包括修建城镇和道路。接下来，盎格鲁—撒克逊人于公元5世纪到来。他们创造了英语的起源，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。维京人于公元8世纪到来，留下了许多新词汇，同时也留下了英国各地的地名。ThelastgroupweretheNormans.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-known

Battle

ofHastingsinthe11thcentury.They

had

castles

built

allaroundEngland,and

madechangesto

thelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench,somanyFrenchwordsslowlyenteredintotheEnglishlanguage.最后一批是诺曼人。他们在11世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役后征服了英格兰。他们在英格兰各地建造了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。诺曼人是法国人，因此英语中慢慢加入了许多法语单词。PARA5ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportcitythathasahistory

datingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.关于英国有趣的历史和文化，还有更多的东西需要学习。研究国家的历史将使你的旅行更加愉快。首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到古罗马时代。Therearecountlesshistoricsitestoexplore,andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.TheUKisafascinatingmixofhistoryandmodernculture,withbothnewandoldtraditions.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.这里有数不胜数的历史遗迹可供探索，还有许多的博物馆，博物馆里收藏着来自英国各地的古代文物。英国是历史与现代文化的完美结合，既有新传统也有旧传统。如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在。SUMMARYTask3:Readandmatchthemainideaswitheachparagraph.Para.1.Para.2.Para.3.Para.4.Para.5.A.Theoriginofthenames

oftheUK.B.Theachievementsofthefourgroups

ofpeople.C.Theadvantages

oftheBritishhistory.D.Thesimilaritiesanddifferencesofthefourcountries.E.Theintroductiontothetopic.PassageStructureAnalysisthetopicTheformationandnamesoftheUKThesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweentheUK’s4countriesThefourgroupsofpeopleinthehistoryoftheUKandthechangestheybroughtThesignificanceofstudyingthehistoryofacountry

Task2:Whatisthetypeofthepassage?A.

Narration(叙述文)B.Argumentation(议论文)C.Exposition(说明文)1.What’sthewritingpurposeofthearticle?3.Wherecanyoupossiblyreadthisarticle?2.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthearticle?TointroducethebasicinformationaboutthehistoryoftheUK.Thosewhoareinterestedinthehistoryofthe