2022年江苏省常州市中考英语真题（含答案）

常州市二。二二年初中学业水平考试

英语试题

注意事项：

1.本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答题卡

上，写在试卷上的一律无效。

2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）

从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

1.一How_____thisquestionis!I'vespenttwohoursonit.

一Letmehelpyou!

A.practicalB.generalC.difficultD.natural

2.-_doesyourschoolorganizeanEnglishReadingFestival?

-Onceaterm.

A.HowoftenB.HowoldC.HowlongD.Howsoon

3.Learningisalife-longjourney,foritbringsusneweveryday.

A.everythingB.nothingC.anythingD.something

4.Toachieveourdream,werestonwhatwehavedone.

A.maynotB.shouldnotC.neednotD.couldnot

5.-Whydidn，tyouopenthedoorforme,Jim?

-Iclothesinthebathroom.Ididn，theartheknock.

A.amwashingB.havewashedC.waswashingD.washed

6.Thesummervacationiscoming.Don'tswiminthelake,whenyouarealone.

A.probablyB.possiblyC.especiallyD.exactly

7.Althoughthematchismovinginanunexpected,ourteamwillwinfinally,

Ibelieve.

A.instructionB.introductionC.positionD.direction

8.Ifyouwanttokeephealthy,goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyis

highly.

A.recommendedB.challengedC.translatedD.influenced

9.-Mum,doyouknow?Anengineer.

—That'sinteresting.Iguessyouoftenfixthingsforothersinyourschool.

A.whatdomyclassmatescallmeB.whatmyclassmatescallme

C.whydomyclassmatescallmeD.whymyclassmatescallme

10.一It'snecessaryforustospendmoretimewithourgrandparents.

-.Theywon，tseeusoftenafterwegotocollege.

A.IhopenotB.IthinksoC.TmsorryD.I'mnotsure

二、完形填空(共12小题;每小题1分，满分12分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、BC,D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Thethreemenweremovingdownafastandrockyriver.Thorntonwasinthe

boat,whileHansandPetehadtomovealongtheriverbank,holdingtheboatwith

arope.Buck,thedog,followedthem,keepinga(n)HeyeonThornton.

Theycametoamore12partoftheriver,andtheboatstartedtogotoo

quickly.Hanspulledontheropetostopit,butpulledittoohard.Theboat13,and

Thorntonwasthrownintothewater.

Buckjumpedinatonceandswamthreehundredmetersuntilhe14Thornton.Then

Buckreturned,withThorntonholdinghistail.Buckswamtowardstheriverbank.But

theymoved15.Thorntonknewtheywouldnotgettothebankquicklyenough,sohe

letgoofBuck,heldontoarockinthemiddleofthewater,and16,“Go,Buck,go!”

Buckswamashardashecouldtothebank,andPeteandHanspulledhimout.

ItwashardforThorntontoholdontohisrockinthat17water,andhisfriends

knewtheyhadonlyafewminutestosavehim.They18theirroperoundBuck,whoat

oncejumpedintotheriverandtriedtoswimtoThornton.Thefirsttime,thewater

tookhim19therock,andPeteandHanshadtopullhimback.Thesecondtime,he

swamhigheruptheriver.20,thewaterbroughthimdowntoThornton.Thorntonheld

ontoBuck,andHansandPetepulledtheropeashardastheycould.Mananddog

disappearedunderthewater,21rocks,turningoverandover,sometimeswithBuck

ontop,sometimesThornton.WhenHansandPetefinallypulledthemout,bothseemed

moredeadthanalive.Butafterawhiletheireyesopenedand22returned.They

allsmiled.

11.A.worriedB.satisfiedC.surprisedD.excited

12.A.importantB.famousC.dangerousD.interesting

13.A.turnedupB.turnedoverC.turneddownD.turnedoff

14.A.lostB.sawC.savedD.reached

15.A.carelesslyB.slowlyC.wiselyD.simply

16.A.shoutedB.complainedC.repliedD.joked

17.A.secretB.clearC.dirtyD.wild

18.A.tiedB.limitedC.relaxedD.mixed

19.A.underB.pastC.insideD.through

20.A.OtherwiseB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Instead

21.A.liftingB.controllingC.hittingD.breaking

22.A.fearB.loveC.trustD.life

三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）

阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

TheBeijing2022Olympicswasthemostgender-balanced（性别平衡的）Winter

OlympicGamesinhistory,withmorethan1,300femaleathletes一arecordnumber一

competingattheevents,makingupmorethan45percentofallathletes.Hereare

somefemaleathleteswhoseachievementsinBeijingamazedtheworld.

TeamChina，steenageheroGuAiling,18,istheyoungest

athletetowinthreemedalsataWinterOlympics.Thefreeski

—playerwontwogoldmedalsandasilverinthreeevents.

Russia'sskatingsilvermedalistAlexandra

Trusova,17,amazedtheworldwithfivequadruplejumps（四

周跳）duringfreeskateattheBeijingWinterOlympics.

NootherwomanhaseverfinishedfivequadruplejumpsinanOlympic

competition.

Britishwomen'scurling（冰壶）teamwonthecountry'sonlygold

medalbyhavinga10-3winagainstJapanonthelastdayoftheBeijing

WinterOlympics.Thiswasalsothecountry，sfirstcurling

goldafter2002.

AlmidadeVai,a24-year-oldSwedishITengineer,

togetherwithherteammate,tookthethirdplacein

curlingmixeddoubles.Shetookaleavefromhercompany

totakepartintheOlympics.

23.HowmanyathletestookpartintheBeijing2022OlympicGames?

A.Around1,300.B.Around1,580.C.Around2,880.D.Around4,460.

24.Whotookasilvermedalinthecompetition?

A.GuAiling.B.Britishwomen'scurlingteam.

C.AlmidadeVai.D.AlmidadeVai'steammate.

25.WhatdoweknowaboutAlexandraTrusova?

A.Sheistheyoungestathleteinthe2022OlympicGames.

B.ShetookthefirstplaceintheBeijingWinterOlympics.

C.SheworkedasanITengineerbeforebecomingaskatingplayer.

D.SheisthefirstfemaletocompletefivequadruplejumpsinanOlympic

competition.

B

Thisisatypical（典型的）dayforYangJinlong.

At9a.m.,hedrivestoprimaryschoolsandmiddleschoolsinXi'an,

ShaanxiProvince,toteachstudentsaboutShaanxikuaiban.Itisatraditional

Chineseformofstorytellingtotherhythm（节奏）ofbambooclappers（响板），which

theartformisnamedafter.Sometimes,hehelpsstudentsprepareforcompetitions.

Usually,hisclassesrununtilabout6.p.m.,andthenhereturnshometoprepare

classesforthenextday.

OnJune10,theMinistryofCultureandTourismannounced325nationalintangible

culturalheritage（非物质文化遗产）itemsinBeijing,increasingthelistto1,557

items.Shaanxikuaiban,whichappearedduringthelateQingDynasty,hasbeen

included.Theartformhasbeenintroducedtolocalschoolsaspartoftheirart

education.

Yanghasbeenteachingyoungpeopletheartformsince2003aftergraduating

fromtheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtsinBeijing.Hestudiedquyithere.

QuyiisgeneraltermforChinesefolkartforms,includingstorytelling,crosstalk

andclappertalk.

“ArteducationisimportantforstudentsinChina.Justasmanystudentslearn

toplayWesternmusicalinstrumentslikethepianoandviolin,therearemany

peoplelearningtraditionalChinesefolkarts,includingShaanxikuaiban,which

I'11workformywholelife,“hesaid.

KuaibanispopularinnorthernChina,includingBeijingandTianjin.According

toYang,Shaanxikuaibanwasinfluencedbytheartofdifferentareas.Theart

formcanbeplayedbyagroupofplayersoronlyone.Withoneortwopairsof

kuaibanofdifferentsizesinhand,theplayersspeakinthelocaldialect（方言）

whiletellingstories,whichareusuallyaboutheroes.Theplayertellsstories

whileplayingkuaiban,andit'seasyforthewatcherstorememberthestoriessince

allthelinesrhym.

ThankstoartistslikeYang,thistraditionalChineseformofstorytellingis

passedonandstaysaliveinourcountry.

26.WhyistodayatypicaldayforYangJinlong?

A.Heisteachingstudentsaboutkuaibanasusual.

B.Hisworkstartsat9andlasts6hourslikeeveryday.

C.Heispreparingforakuaibancompetitiontoday.

D.Hislifetodayisasbusyandboringaseveryday.

27.WhichofthefollowingaboutShaanxikuaibanisTRUE?

A.ItisnamedaftertheShaanxidialect.

B.Itislistedinthenationalintangibleculturalheritage.

C.ItismorepopularthanthepianoandviolininnorthernChina.

D.Itisplayedtotellstoriesusuallyaboutcommonpeople.

28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesYangJinlong?

A.Devoted.B.Stressed.C.Generous.D.Curious.

29.WhydoesthewriterreportYangJinlong，sstory?

A.ToshowhowtoplayShaanxikuaibaninthelocaldialect.

B.TotellthedifferencebetweenChineseandWesternarts.

C.Toprovethatkuaibanplayersarelivingabusylife.

D.TopraisetheworkofspreadingtraditionalChineseart.

C

Researchersareusinganunderwaterdrone（无人机）togetinformationoncarbon

dioxide（C02）levelsintheocean.Itisbelievedtobethefirsttimethatsuch

adevice（装置）hasbeenusedpurposelytotestC02levels.

Thedevice,whichtheteamalsocallsaglider,isdesignedtogodowntol,000

metersindeepoceanareasandcanoperateforweeksatatime.

Thepurposeoftheresearchistoprovidescientistswithdata（数据）abouthow

climatechangeisinfluencingtheocean,schemistry.Theself-swimmingdronewas

placedintheGulfofAlaskathisspring.ReportersfromTheAssociatedPress

recentlyjoinedresearchersonaboatinAlaska/sResurrectionBaytoseethedrone

inaction.

Theteamsaystheprojectcouldbeamajorstepforwardinmeasuring（测量）the

environmentalhealthofoceans.Thescientistsaremostinterestedinlevelsof

oceanacidification（酸性）.ThishappenswhenC02emissions（排放）intheairmake

theirwayintotheocean.Oceanacidificationcanharmorkillsomekindsofsea

life.

ScientistshaveconnectedC02emissionswithglobal（全球）warmingcausedby

humanactivities.

Inaway,oceanshavegivenhumansahelpinghandbytakingin（吸收）someof

theC02.Iftherewerenooceans'uptake,therewouldbemuchmoreC02intheair.

Thiswouldtrapmoreofthesun，sheatandfurtherwarmtheEarth.

“Buttheproblemnowisthattheoceanischangingitschemistrybecauseof

thisuptake,“saidteammemberClaudineHauri.

OneofthebestwaystomeasureoceanacidificationistocollectC02measurements.

Untilnow,thesecollectionsweremostlydonefromshipsorwithdevicesfloating

attheoceansurfaceorontheoceanfloor.

30.Whatisprobablythispassage?

A.Anadvertisement.B.Partofanewsreport.

C.Partofasciencefiction.D.Atextfromachemistrytextbook.

31.Whatdoweknowaboutaglider?

A.Itmustbeusedtogetherwithfloatingdevices.

B.Itisusedtomeasureoceanacidification.

C.ItisusedtostopC02fromenteringtheocean.

D.ItisusedtomeasureC02levelsintheair.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword,uptake”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?

A.Theactofcoveringanarea.B.Theactofslowingsomethingdown.

C.Theactoftakingsomethingin.D.Theactofkillingorharmingsomething.

33.Whatistroublingthescientists?

A.Theunderwaterdronecan，tswimbyitself.

B.Thedronecanonlylastoneweekatatime.

C.OceansarestoppingtakinginC02fromtheair.

D.ToomuchC02ismakingitswayintooceans.

D

Beingsadorinalowmoodisanormal（正常的）partoflife.Manypeoplefeel

downfromtimetotime.Forexample,whenpeoplefacechallengingeventsintheir

lives,suchasfinancial（经济的）difficultyormajorchanges,it'scommontofeel

down.Butinmostcasesthebadfeelingsslowlydisappear.

Asfordepression（抑郁症），however,thebadmoodlastsforweeks,months,or

everlongerbecauseitisamental（精神的）ilness.AstheWorldHealth

Organization（WHO）noted,depressionisamooddisorder.Itshowsindifferentways,

includinglossofinterestinnormalactivitiesandfeelingsoflowself-worth.It

oftenlastsforalongtimeandgreatlyharmsaperson'sabilityatworkorschool

orinthedailylife.Peoplewithdepressionusuallydon，tliketotalkabouttheir

problemswithothers.Moreseriously,depressionmayevenleadtotheactofkilling

oneself.

uDepressionisnotjustabout（一阵）ofsadnessorasignofweakness,andyou

can"tjustsimplystopfeelingdepressed.，zsaidthehealthnewswebsite

www・.

Butdepressionisnotaperson，sproblem.It'salsomorecommonthanmost

peoplethink.Itishurtingabout280millionpeoplearoundtheworld,according

toWHO.

Thoughdepressionisworrying,wedon,thavetobeafraidofit.Depressioncan

betreatedbygettingprofessional（专业的）help,takingmedicineoramixed

treatmentofboth.Infact,whenyoubegintofeelthedangerofdepression,youcan

trytodealwithitearlybyyourself.Listeningtomusic,doingsomesportsand

drawingsomepicturesmighthelpyoufeelbetter.Anotherusefulwayistalk

therapy.Whenweareattackedbyalowmood,havingaconversationwithothersis

ofgreathelp.Beinghonestabouthowwefeeldoesnotmakeusweak;itmakesus

human.

34.Whoismostprobablyexperiencingdepression?

A.Lily,whoisgoingtohaveanimportantexamandhasn'tsleptwellfor3days.

B.May,whodislikeshernewschoolandhascomplainedtoherparents3times.

C.Ben,whothinkslifeworthlessandhascriedaloneover3timesaweekinthe

pastmonth.

D.Tom,whofindssubjectshardandhastalkedtohisteacheraboutit3timesthis

week.

35.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofdepression?

A.Normalandnothingserious.B.Uncommonalthoughharmful.

C.Unavoidableanduntreatable.D.Treatablealthoughworrying.

36.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Knowledgeofdepression.B.Waysoftreatingdepression.

C.Reasonsfordepression.D.Resultsofdepression.

四、还原句子（共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分）

阅读下面短文从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

Lifeisfullofchoicesanddecisions.Herearesomestepstohelpyoumake

wisedecisions.

First,it，sbettertomakeadecisionquicklythanavoiditforamonthbecause

you，reafraidofchoosing.37Also,somechoicesusuallyhavetimelimits.Soto

keepourbrainsfromgettingtootired,weneedn，tthinkaboutthecostofevery

singlechoice.Narrowdownthelistandtrycomparingonlythebesttwoorthree.

Next,thinkaboutthevalueandcostofeachchoice.38Orbetteryet,

createascorecard,onwhichyougiveoutbiggerpointvaluestowhatyouthinkis

moreimportant.Thiswayyoucantellifonehugeadvantageismoreimportantthan

agroupoflittledisadvantages.

Then,staycalmandgiveyourselfsomespace.Youdon，twanttodelay（延迟）for

weeks,butifyou，reabouttomakeahasty（仓促的）decision,youmayenduppicking

somethingyouregret.39Anditmighttakeyouafewdaysformajorchoices,like

choosingyouridealhighschool.

40Why?Becauseit'sgoodtogetafreshwayofthinkingfromotherswhoarenot

asworriedasyou.Considertheiropinions（观点）eveniftheyarenotwhatyouwant

tohear.Youneedtotakedifferentopinionsintoconsiderationsothatyouwill

makeawisedecision.

A.You，11needatleastonenightto“sleeponit〃・

B.Andyoudon，thavetomakeadecisionalone.

C.Theyarethebestchancestoshowyourpersonality.

D.Thesewaysoflettingoutwhatyouarefeelingarehelpful.

E.It'sverytiringtothinkthingsoverbutfailtodecideintime.

F.Todothat,youcanmakealistofadvantagesanddisadvantages.

五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Museumsplayabigroleinoursociety.Theyarealso(41)_importantclassroom

forprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents.Duringholidays,groupsofyoungmuseum

guides(42)___(see)everywhereinChangzhouMuseum.Since2011,ChangzhouMuseum(43)

___(carry)outmorethan100publictrainingactivitiesforvolunteerguides.

InJuly,2021,Iwaschosen(44)___(be)avolunteerguideinChangzhou

Museum.(45)___itwasmyfirsttimetoservethere,Ididn，tknowwhattodo.

Luckily,theteacherstheregavemanyinterestingtrainingclasses,including

“PublicPlacesandManners","RedHistoryandRedCulture"andsoon.Iwasdeeply

touchedbythestoriesof(46)___(pioneer)likeQuQiubaiandZhangTailei.Iwas

impressedthattheyhadrisked(47)___(lose)theirlivestocreateanewChina.

Inthefollowingmonth,Iguidedhundredsoftouristsanddidmyjob(48)

(success).Thisexperiencehadagreatinfluence(49)___me.Iknowmoreaboutmy

hometownandthemeaningoflife.Ifeel(50)___(pride)ofbeingavolunteerguide

tohelpmorepeoplelearnaboutChangzhou.

六、根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题;每小题15分，满分9分)

51.这些科学家们正在为我们打开一个全新的世界.

Thescientiststous.

52.汤姆，你将在什么时候展示如何进行垃圾分类？

intodifferentgroups,Tom?

53.女足运动员们对自己要求非常严格，所以她们取得了很大的进步。

Womenfootballplayerswere.

54.如果你放弃，你就会落后。

You.

55.西蒙，在公众场所要降低你的嗓音。

Simon,inpublicplaces.

56.我们的城市和他们的一样因优美的环境而闻名。

Ourcity.

七、书面表达（共1题;满分15分）

某中学生英文报YourVoice栏目中有如下征文通知，请你写篇英语文章投稿，谈谈你的想

法。

It'snotveryeasyforteenagerstomaketruefriends.Someofthem

makefriendsbyfollowingsuit（随大流）.Thatmeanstheydothesameas

theirfriends,suchasplayingonlinegamesorsayingbadwordsbehind

others,althoughthey，renotwillingto.

Shareyourideasaboutthetopic.

1.Isitwisetofollowsuitinordertomakefriends?

2.Howcanteenagersmaketruefriends?

Don，tforgettosupportyourideaswithyourexperienceasan

example.

注意：

L文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；

2.词数100左右;文章的开头已为你写好，不计人总词数。

Iwanttosharemyideasaboutthetopic.

参考答案

一、单项选择

1-5CADBC6-10CDABB

二、完形填空

11-15ACADB16-20ADABB21-22CD

三、阅读理解

A.23-25CAD

B.26-29ABAD

C.30-33BBCD

D.34-36CDB

四、还原句子

37-40AFEB

五、综合填空

41.an42.areseen43.hascarried44.tobe45.Because/As46.pioneers47.

losing48.successfully49.on50proud

六、根据所给中文完成句子

51.areopeningupawholenewworld

52.Whenareyougoingtoshowushowtoseparatewaste

53.verystrictwiththemselves,sotheyhavemadegreatprogress

54.willfallbehind,ifyougiveup

55.keepyourvoicedown

56.isasfamousforitsbeautifulenvironmentastheirs

七、书面表达

略

中考阅卷老师整理中考英语易混单词词组

1.besides,except,exceptfor,but

①besides是指"除……之外还（又）"，包括后面所提及的人或物在内。

Twenty-fivestudentswenttothecinemabesideshim.

②except是指"抛开……不谈”，不包括后面所提及的人或物在内。

Twenty-fivestudentswenttothecinemaexcepthim.

③exceptfor是指"除了"，不包括后面所提及的人或物在内，后面跟的词与句子的主语不

属于同类。

Yourarticleisverygoodexceptforsomemistakes.

④but常与every,any,all,none,no以及它们与one,thing,body,where构成的复合词

等连甩有的已经成为了惯用语，如：allbut（几乎，除……之外全部），anythingbut

（除……之夕卜都）,nothingbut（只不过是……）。

Thereisnothingbutacuponthetable.

2.reach,arrivein/at,getto

①reach+地点，意思是"到达"。

②arrivein+大地方，arriveat+小地方，意思是"抵达、到达某地（尤指行程的终

点）"。

③getto+地点，意思是"到达"。

注意：当arrivein/at和getto后面跟的是地点副词here,there,home等时，则省略介词

当只表明"到了"，而未表明地点时，用。

in/at/tooarrive

3.attheendof,intheend,bytheendof

①attheendof指某段时间的结束或某段路程的终止处，意思是"在……结束时"，

"在……尽头”。

Ourschoolheldasportsmeetingattheendoflastterm.

Attheendofthisstreetyouwillfindabookshop.

②intheend相当于atlast,finally,意思是"最后，终于"。

Intheend,theycaughtthethief.

③bytheendof用于过去完成时或将来时，意思是"到……末为止”。

Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearnedfiveEnglishsongs.

Thisquestionwillhavebeenansweredbytheendoftoday.

4.it,one,that

①it代替上文所提到的那个事物，一般指物，不指人。可以代替单数可数名词或不可数名

词。复数形式是they或them。

Ihave50yuan.Myunclegaveittomelastweek.

②one代替上文出现过的单数名词，以免重复。泛指代人或物。所指代的人或物属于同类

事物中不同的一个，即替代的是一个带有不定冠词的可数名词的单数形式。复数形式是

oneso

Ihavelostmyoldwatch.Thisisanewone.

③that代替前面同类不是同一的事物。可以代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。代替可数名

词时，复数形式是those。that不可以代替表示人的名词，它可以根据语义在后面加上一些

定语，多数是of的短语；它的前面不能存在任何定语。

Thewaterinwellsiscleanerthanthatintherivers.

5.lookfor,lookup,find,findout

①lookfor意思是"寻找"，强调找的过程。

②lookup意思是"查找"，强调查字典、电话号码。

③find意思是"找到，发现"，强调找的结果。

④findout意思是"查明，发现，了解"，指的是经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事或某物

查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况。

6.aswell,aswellas

①aswell相当于also,too,意思是“也，又"。常放在句子末尾，无需用逗号与句子分

开。

IamgoingtoLondonandmysisterisgoingaswell.

②aswellas意思是"也，还"。常用来连接两个并列的成分。连接连个并列的主语时，谓

语动词与前面的主语保持一致；翻译时先翻译后面，再翻译前面。

Yourwifeaswellasyouisfriendlytome.

7.ratherthan,insteadof,inplaceof

①ratherthan和would连用时构成wouldrather...than...,意思是"宁愿......而不

愿……”的句式，表示主观愿望，在两者中择一。

Shewouldratherdiethanloseherchildren.

②ratherthan不和would连用时，表示客观事实，意思是"是......而不是…;与其......不

如……"。它的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定

式、动词等等。ratherthan连接两个主语时，谓语动词应该和前面的主语保持一致。rather

连接两个不定式时，不定式可以带也可以不带

thanto,too

Heisanexplorerratherthanasailor.

YouratherthanIaregoingtogocamping.

Idecidedtowriteratherthan(to)telephone.

③insteadof意思是"代替"，"做……而不做……”。

Myparentsjustcalledme.FmafraidIhavetohavedinnerwiththeminsteadof

shoppingwithyoutonight.

④inplaceof意思是"代替"。着重强调一种物质替换另一种物质。

Plasticsarenowoftenusedinplaceofwoodormetal.

8.alive,living

①alive意思是"活着的，有生命的"，和系动词be连用，着重表示一种状态，作表语。

Hewasstillaliveafterthecaraccident.

②living意思是"有生命的，生活的"，在句子中作定语，放在所修饰的名词的前面或代词

的后面。

Therearenolivingthingsonthemoon.

10.say,speak,talk,tell

①say+内容(+语言)，意思是"说"。Saygoodbye/aword.

SayitinEnglish,please.

Canyouunderstandwhatshesaid.

②speak+语言，意思是"讲话"。

WouldyouspeakChinese,please?Ican'tunderstandyou.

③talk意思是"讲话,谈论，谈话"。talkto/with/about

Theyweretalkingaboutafilmwhentheteachercamein.

④tell意思是"告诉，讲述"。tell+抽象的整体tellastory

tellsth.tosb.tellsb.(about)sth.tellsb.(not)todosth.

fIItellherthenewsassoonasIseeher.

11.beusedtodosth.,beusedtodoingsth.,usedtodosth.

①beusedtodosth.是usesth.todosth.的被动语态,意思是"被用来做......".

Nowadays,robotsareusedtodosomedangerousthingsinsteadofhumanbeings.

②be/getusedtodoingsth."习惯于做……”，be/get是系动词，used是形容词，to

是介词。

Themanwasusedtolivinginthecountryside.

③usedtodosth."过去常常做……".

12.befamousfor,befamousas

①befamousfor相当于beknownfor,意思是"以……而闻名"。

Thetownisfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.

②befamousas意思是"作为……出名；以......身份而闻名”。

JayChouisfamousasasinger.

13.watchsbdosth.,watchsbdoingsth.

①watchsbdosth意思是"看见某人做过"，强调动作的全过程。

Iwatchthethiefstealthebookfromthedesk.

Didshewatchthechildrencrosstheroad?

②watchsbdoingsth意思是"看见某人正在做……”。强调动作正在进行。

Iwatchthethiefstealingthebookfromthedesk.

Shewatchedthechildrencrossingtheroad.

③类似用法的词有see,hear等。

14.cross,across,through

①cross是动词，across和through是介词。

Theycrossedtheriverbytheboat.

②across意思是"横穿，横过"，指的是从物体的表面上穿过。

Iswamacrosstheriver20yearsago.

③through意思是"贯通，直穿，透过"，指的是立体空间中的穿过。

Theywalkedslowlythroughthewoods.

Thesunshineshoneinthebedroomthroughthewindow.

15.inaway,inthisway,bytheway,ontheway

①inaway意思是"在某种程度上;在某种意义上"。

Inaway,itisagoodbook.

②inthisway意思是"用这种办法"。

Inthisway,youcanspeakEnglishwell.

③ontheway意思是"在路上，在途中"。

Onthewayhomemyfathertoldmeastory.

④bytheway意思是"顺便说"。

Bytheway,haveyouseenthefilmbefore?

16.stoptodosth.,stopdoingsth.

①stoptodosth.意思是"停下来去做某事"。

Assoonastheteacherleft,studentsstoppedtotalk.

②stopdoingsth.意思是"停止做某事"。

Thestudentsstoppedtalkingassoonastheysawtheteacher.

③stop...fromdoingsth.意思是"阻止...做..."o

Pleasestopthemfromplayingfire.

17.takepartin,joinin,join

①takepartin意思是"参加"，指的是参加群众性活动或会议，并在其中起一定的作用。

Thesedays,studentstakepartinmanyactivities.

②join意思是"参加，加入"，指的是加入组织、团体、党派等，成为其中的一员。

Hejoinedthearmyin1998andjoinedthePartythenextyear.

③joinin意思是"参加某活动"，后面跟的宾语一般是表示竞赛、游戏、娱乐等活动的名

词,常用搭配joinsb.in(doing)sth.

Everyoneshouldjoininthegame.

18.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith

①befamHiart。意思是"某事对某人是熟悉的"，主语一定是sth”

Yournameisveryfamiliartome.

②befamiliarwith意思是"某人对某事是精通的、熟