Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks. Section A Grammar Focus - 4c课件2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionA

GrammarFocus-4cLearninggoals1.Tolearnphrasalverb

学习使用短语动词【重点】2.Tolearntouseinfinitives

学习使用动词不定式【重点，难点】GrammarFocus1.我想去帮助无家可归的人。I’d__________homelesspeople.2.你可以请求医院允许你探访儿童并让他们变得更高兴。Youcould___hospitals______youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.3.她自愿一周去那里一次帮助孩子们学习读书。She________thereonceaweek_____kidslearntoread.4.她决定参加一个志愿者课后阅读节目的选拔。She__________tryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.5.马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工作。Mariobelievesitcanhelphim______hisfuturedreamjob.6.我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于学校里。I’mmakingsomesigns_________aroundtheschool.

asktoletliketohelpvolunteers

tohelpdecidedto

togettoputupPleaseunderlinetheinfinitivestructures.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.wouldliketodoasksb.todovolunteertodolearntododecidetodohelpsb.todotodo表目的letsb.dohelpsb.doExercise后跟sb+动词原形：三看(see,watch,notice)、三让(let,make,have)、二听(hear,listento)、一感觉(feel)、半个帮助(help)一、含义1.由“_____________”构成，是非谓语动词的一种。2.在句子中不能单独作谓语，也没有人称和数的变化，其否定结构是“_________________”3.在句子中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语等。to＋动词原形notto＋动词原形GrammarFocus动词不定式infinitives非谓语动词：todo/doing/doneInfinitives动词不定式Helikestoreadnovels.Isawhimcome.Wedecidednottobuythathouse.4)Itisinterestingtoflyakite.

5)Pleaselethimnotgothere.

肯定：to+V.原或者(to)+V.原否定：not/never+(to)+V.原Infinitives动词不定式的用法1.Tostudyhardisveryimportant.2.Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.3.Thedoctortoldmetohaveagoodrest.4.Hisworkistocleantheclassroomeveryday.5.Ihavealotofworktodo.6.I’msorrytohearthat.7.Thesoldierranintotheroomtosavethegirl.8.Youaretooyoungtodothisjob.（作主语，位于句首）（作宾语，位于动词后）Itisimportanttostudyhard.（作宾补）（作表语）（作定语，修饰前面的名词）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）作主语Tohearyourvoiceissonice.Tostudyhardisveryimportant.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.Itisveryimportanttostudyhard.不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面。注意:1、Itis+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.

for:adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征（important/necessary/interesting等.）of:adj.

多为描述主语的品质特征（kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish等.）

作主语Itiseasy_______hertolearnEnglishwell.Itisclever________youtosolvetheproblem.offorIttakessb.sometimetodosth.Itis+n.(forsb)todosth.作主语Ittakesmethreehourstofinishthehomeworkeveryday.

Itismypleasure（荣幸）tohelpyouwithyourEnglish.

作宾语时的特殊用法动词＋疑问词+todo

1、我不知道接下来该做什么。

Idon’tknow____________next.

Shecan’tdecide_________________.

2、她不能决定买哪本书。whattodowhichbooktobuy固定句型:hadbetter/hadbest+(not)dosth.最好（不）做某事Why(not)dosth.?为什么不。。。？…prefertodo/preferdoing更喜欢做。。。…prefer+n./doingA+to+n./doingB比起B，更喜欢A…prefer+todoAratherthan(to)doB比起B，更喜欢做A…wouldrather(not)dosth.宁愿做。。。…wouldratherdoAthan(do)B比起B，更喜欢做A1.Iwantto______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.2.Shehopesto_______atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoask

iftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.3.Ourclassistryingto____________someideasto________sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto______signsaroundtheschooland________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_______themoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.Fillintheblankswiththephrasalverbsinthebox.4abebusywith(doingsth.)忙于做某事putoffcallupputuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoffExercisecomeupwithcheerupputuphandoutgiveoutMostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs_______lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_____forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando______others.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway_______ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans_______sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear_______toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.4bhelpmovedomakevisitspendtomaketodotohelpbeworriedabout担心…Exercisetospendtovisittomove为……筹款inone’sfreetime在某人的空闲时间例如1.I’dliketovolunteer_____________________________________________2.At12:00midnight,Icalledmyfriend____________________________________Completethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives(不定式）.

tohelpkidswiththeirhomework.

toplaysoccertogetherintheafternoon.4c3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp__________________________________4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant__________________________5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)___________________takethetrashoutafterdinner.nottodothat.togocampingwithmyfriends.Practiceclean…up,giveaway,comeupwith，putoff,giveout,cheerup

从方框中选出合适的短语填空。1．Thestreetsareverydirty.Let'sgoand________them________.2．Thesportsmeetingwas____________becauseoftheheavyrain.3．Theoldmanispoor,buthestillwantto____________somemoneytocharity.

cleanupputoffgiveaway4.Theywouldliketogototheoldpeople'shometo____________theoldp