2023年全国研究生入学考试英语二试题和标准答案

20２3全国研究生入学考试英语(二)试题和标准答案SｅｃtionI

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Neｗspapｅrsａｒｅｂecomｉngｍorｅbalancｅdｂuｓinessｅs,ｗｉｔhａhｅalｔhiermixofrevenuｅsfromｒeadeｒｓａndａｄｖｅｒtiserｓ.Americanpaｐｅrshavelｏngbeｅnhｉghｌｙuｎusuａｌinｔｈｅirreliaｎceonaｄs.Fulｌy８7％oftｈeirｒevenuｅｓcamefｒomadvertｉｓｉnｇin20２３,accｏrdiｎgtotheＯrgaｎｉｚatiｏnfｏrEconomｉcCoｏperatiｏｎ＆Dｅvelopmｅｎt(OEＣＤ).ＩnＪａpaｎtheproportｉoｎiｓ３5%.Notｓurｐrisingly,Ｊａpａnesｅｎewspａpｅrsaｒemuchmｏｒestable.

Thｅwhｉrlwinｄthatｓwepｔｔhroughnｅwsroomｓharmedevｅrｙbody,butmuchoftheｄamagehasbｅｅｎcoｎcentratｅdinareaswhｅrｅｎｅwspａpｅrarelｅaｓtdistiｎｃtive．Cａraｎdｆilmｒeｖieｗersｈavｅgｏｎｅ.Sｏｈａvescienceandgeｎｅrａlｂusiｎeｓsrｅportｅrｓ.Forｅiｇｎbureaｕsｈavebｅensavａgelｙcｕｔoff.Ｎeｗspapｅrsａrelesｓcomｐleteaｓaｒeｓｕlt.Butｃompletｅnessisｎｏlonｇｅraｖirtueintheｎewspaｐerｂusiｎｅｓs．26.Ｂysａyinｇ“Newsｐapｅｒｓliｋe…tｈeｉrｏwnｄoom”(Ｌineｓ3-4,Parａ.1)，theａｕｔhorindicatesthatnewsｐaper

．[A]nｅgｌｅcｔedｔhｅｓigｎofcｒisis[B]faｉledｔoｇeｔｓtatesubsｉdｉeｓ[C]ｗｅrｅnotcharｉtablecｏrporatiｏns[D]werｅiｎadesｐeraｔｅｓitｕａｔioｎ27．Somenewｓpapｅrsrｅfｕｓｅddelivｅrytｏｄｉstａntsｕbuｒbsproｂablyｂeｃaｕse

．[Ａ]readｅｒｓthreatenｅdtopayless[Ｂ］newsｐaperｓｗaｎteｄtｏrｅduceｃｏsts[C]journalｉstｓrｅｐoｒtedliｔtｌeａboutthesｅarｅas［D］ｓubscｒibｅrscｏmplainｅｄaｂｏutslimｍerprodｕcts28.CｏmpaｒedwｉtｈtheｉrＡｍericａncounｔｅｒpａrｔs,Japａｎeseneｗspａｐｅrsａreｍｕchmoresｔablebecａuｓｅtheｙ

.［A]haveｍoresouｒｃesofreｖenue［B]havｅmorebalａnｃｅdnewｓrooms[Ｃ］areｌｅｓｓdepｅｎdenｔｏnadveｒｔising[Ｄ]arｅｌessａffecteｄbyreａｄｅrsｈip２9.Whatcaｎbeinfｅｒredfrｏmthｅlastpａｒaｇrａpｈaboutｔheｃｕrｒｅntnewspａｐerbusiｎess?[A］Distinctiveｎessｉsaneｓseｎtiａｌfｅatｕreｏfｎewspaｐeｒs.[B]Ｃompletｅnｅｓｓｉsｔｏblameｆｏrtｈｅｆailurｅｏfｎｅwsｐaper.[Ｃ］Fｏreiｇｎburｅａusplaｙａcruｃｉalrolｅinthｅnewspａｐeｒｂusineｓs.[D]Reａdｅrsｈavelosterestiｎcarandfｉlｍreviews.３０.Thｅmｏstaｐprｏｐriａteｔitleｆorthistexｔｗoｕｌｄbe

.［Ａ]ＡmeriｃanＮewspapｅrｓ:StrugglingｆorSurｖivａｌ[B]AmerｉｃaｎＮewspapers:GonewitｈthｅＷind[Ｃ］AmeriｃanNewspａpers:AThｒivingＢusinｅｓs[D]AmerｉcanNewｓpａperｓ:AHｏpelｅｓｓSｔory

Teｘｔ

4

ＷillｔheEｕｒｏpｅａnUnioｎmakｅit？Thequｅsｔiｏnwouldhａｖｅｓｏundｅdstrａｎgeｎｏtｌonｇago.Noweｖeｎｔhepｒｏject’sｇreａtesｔcｈeｅrｌeaderstalkofacｏｎｔiｎeｎtfacinｇa“Bermudａtriangle”ofdｅｂt,populatｉondeclｉneanｄlowergrｏwth.

Aswｅｌｌａstｈoｓecｈroｎbleｍs,theEＵfaceanａcｕtｅcrisｉｓｉｎiｔsｅｃｏnｏmiccoｒe，ｔhe１6couｎtriesｔhatｕｓethesｉｎglecurｒenｃy.Marｋeｔｓｈaｖelostfaithｔhattｈeeuｒｏｚｏne’sｅconomies,wｅａkeｒorstroｎgeｒ,willoｎeｄayconveｒｇｅtｈankstothedisｃipliｎeoｆｓhaｒiｎｇasiｎgｌeｃｕrrｅnｃy,wｈicｈdeｎiesuncomｐetitivemeｍbｅｒｓthequｉcｋfixofdeｖaluatioｎ.YetthｅdｅbateａbouｔhoｗtosavｅEurope’ssinｇleｃurreｎcyfromｄisiｎｔeｇｒａtiｏnisｓtucｋ.Ｉｔiｓsｔuｃkbeｃauｓetheeuroｚone’sdｏmｉnantｐｏwｅｒs,ＦranｃeandＧeｒｍany,ａgreｅonｔhｅneｅdforgreａtｅrｈarmonizａｔioｎｗiｔhiｎtheeuroｚone，buｔdisagrｅeaｂoutwhattoｈaｒmｏnies.

Ｇeｒmaｎytｈinｋsｔheｅｕromｕｓｔbｅsavedbystrｉcterrｕlｅsonborｒoｗspendingandｃｏmpetｉtivｅｎess,barｋｅｄbｙquasi－autoｍatiｃsaｎｃｔiｏnｓforｇovernmeｎｔsthatdonoｔｏbey．ThesemｉghtiｎcｌudethreａtstoｆrｅezeＥＵfuｎdsｆoｒpｏoｒeｒregｉｏnsandEＵmega-prｏｊecｔｓaｎdｅventhｅsuｓpenｓiｏnofaｃountry’sｖｏｔinｇｒｉgｈtsinEUmiｎｉsｔeｒｉalcouｎcilｓ．Itinsistsｔhateｃoｎoｍｉｃｃo-ordinationshoｕldinｖｏlveall２7ｍｅｍbeｒｓｏｆtheEＵcluｂ,ａmｏngwhomtherｅｉsaｓｍaｌｌｍaｊorｉtyfoｒfree－marketliberalismandecｏnomｉcrigoｕr;ｉntheinnercｏrealｏnｅ,Germanyfeaｒs,asmaｌlmａjｏriｔｙfavourＦｒeｎｃhintｅrｆerenｃe．

Ａ“sｏｕthern”ｃａmpｈeadeｄｂyＦrｅnｃｈwａntsｓometｈiｎgdiffｅrent:”Euroｐeanecｏnomiｃgoveｒｎmeｎｔ”wiｔhｉnaninnercorｅofeｕro-zonemembers.Ｔrａnsｌatｅｄ,thatmｅａnspoliticiａnｓinterｖｅninginmoｎｅｔaｒypoｌiｃyandasystemofredistrｉbutionfroｍｒichｅｒtoｐooreｒｍｅmbers,viａcｈeaｐｅｒborrowingｆoｒgovernｍentsthroｕghｃommoｎEurｏbonｄｓorｃompletefiscaltransferｓ.Fiｎallｙ,figurｅscｌｏsetｏthｅＦraｎｃegovｅrｎmenthavｅmurｍuｒed,curo-ｚｏnemｅmｂersｓｈｏuldagreetosｏmefｉｓcaｌａndｓocialhaｒmｏnizａtion：e.g.,cuｒpｅtitiｏnｉncorporate-taxratｅsoｒｌａbｏurcｏstｓ．

ItistoｏsoｏnｔoｗriｔeoffthｅEＵ.Itｒｅmainsｔｈeｗorld’slarｇeｓｔtｒaｄｉngbｌock．Atitｓbeｓt,thｅEｕｒopｅanproｊecｔｉｓremarkaｂlyｌｉｂeral:buｉlｔａroundａsｉnｇｌemarkｅtof２７ｒｉchａndｐoorcountrieｓ,ｉｔsｉnternalborｄersaｒeｆａrmoreｏpｅntｏgoods,capitaｌanｄｌａbouｒthaｎａnyｃomｐarabletraｄingａrea.Itｉsanambitioｕsaｔtempttoｂluｎtｔhｅｓhａrpesｔｅｄｇesｏfgloｂａlizatiｏn,aｎdmakecapitａlｉsmbenigｎ．36.TｈeEUisfaceｄwiｔhsｏmaｎyｐｒoｂlemsthat

．[A］iｔｈasmoreorｌesslosｔfaithｉnｍarketｓ［B］evｅniｔssuｐporｔersbegｉntｏfeeｌconcerned［C]soｍｅofitsmｅｍｂerｃountrieｓplantoａbａnｄoneuro［D]itintenｄstoｄｅｎyｔhepossibiｌityofdeｖaｌuａtｉon37.ThedebaｔｅovｅrtｈeEU’ssiｎgｌecurｒeｎcyｉsｓｔuckｂｅcausethｅｄｏmｉnantpowers

．[A]ａrecompeｔｉｎgfoｒtｈｅｌeaｄｉngｐosiｔion［B]ａrebusyhandｌinｇtheirｏwncrisｅs[C]ｆailtorｅａchaｎagreementｏｎhａrｍonizatｉon[Ｄ］disaｇｒｅｅonｔｈesｔeｐstowａrdsdｉｓiｎtｅｇrａｔｉon3８.Toｓoｌvｅtｈｅeuroｐｒoblem,Gｅrmａｎｙpropｏseｄｔhat

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__．［Ａ]pｏorcountrｉesaremorｅlｉｋelytogeｔｆunds［B］sｔrｉctmｏnetaryｐｏlicｙｗillｂeａpｐlｉedtoｐoorcountrieｓ［Ｃ］ｌoanswｉllbeｒeadｉlｙａvaｉlabletｏrichcounｔrｉｅｓ[Ｄ]riｃｈｃｏuntriｅswiｌlbasicalｌycontrolＥuroｂonds4０.RegａrdｉngthefutureoftheEＵ,theautｈoｒｓeeｍstofeｅl＿_

__.［Ａ］ｐｅｓsimｉstｉｃ［Ｂ］deｓｐeratｅ[C］concｅited[D]hoｐefulＰａrtB

Direcｔioｎs:

Readtheｆolloｗingｔexｔaｎdansｗerｔｈequeｓtｉonsbyfｉndｉngiｎfｏrmａtionfromtheｒightcolｕmnｔhａtcorrespoｎdstｏeachｏｆｔｈemaｒkeddｅｔailsｇiｖeniｎthelefｔｃolｕmn.Therｅaretwoexｔraｃhoｉcesinthｅｒｉghtｃoｌumｎ．MarkyouransweronＡNＳWERSHＥET1.（10pｏints）

SeｃtｉonIUseofEnglish1．A

2.C

３.B

４.D

5.D

6.B

7．A

8.C

9．Ｃ

1０．B11.D

12.B

1３．Ａ

14．C

15．A

16.A

１7．D

１8．A

19.C

2０．DSｅctioｎIIReaｄingComｐｒｅｈensionPａrtAText121.［B]faiｌinｇtofｕlfillherduty.22.[Ｄ]iｎdｅpｅndenｔadvｉsers.２3.［C]dolessweｌｌintｈｅstockmaｒket.２4.[A]ｍaystayforｔｈeattrａctiveofｆｅrsfromthｅfｉｒm.25.[D]cｒitical．Text226．[Ｄ］weｒeinadeｓpｅraｔeｓｉtuation.2７.［B]newspaｐerｓwantedtoreducecｏstｓ.２8.[C]arｅlｅsｓdependeｎtonadｖeｒtisｉｎg．29.［A]Distiｎｃtivenｅssiｓaｎessenｔialfeａｔuｒeｏfnewspapｅrｓ.．30.[A]AmeｒicanＮewspａpers:StruｇｇlｉngｆoｒSｕrvivａｌTｅxt3３1.[C]reｓtrａiｎtandconfidence．32．［Ｄ]IthaｄagｒｅatiｎflｕeｎｃeuponAｍericanａrcｈｉｔectuｒｅ.3３.[C]wａsnotreliａntoｎabundａntdeｃｏratiｏｎ．３4.[Ｄ]Thｅyshaｒeｄsoｍechａracteristicsofabstractart.35.［B]Nａｔｕｒaｌsceneｓｗｅretａkeｎｉntoｃonｓｉｄeratioｎ．Tｅxt4

36.[B]eveniｔssｕpporterｓbeｇiｎｔoｆeｅlconcerned37.[C]faｉｌtoｒeachaｎagreｅmentonhａrｍonｉzatｉoｎ38.[Ｂ]sｔrictｅrreｇｕｌatiｏｎsbeｉmposed.３9.[Ａ]pｏoｒcoｕｎｔriesａｒｅmorｅliｋelytogetfunｄs４0.[Ｄ]hopｅｆｕlPａｒtB41．E

４2.D

4３．C

44.B

4５．G

４6.Ｄirｅcｔiｏn:

ＩｎthｉｓｓectioｎｔｈereisatextinEngｌish.TrａｎｓlateｉtinｔoCｈinｅsｅ,wrｉtｅyourｔranslatｉoｎonＡNＳWERSHEEＴ2.(15ｐｏintｓ)

Whoｗｏuldhavｅthoｕghtthat,globａlly,ｔhｅIＴindｕｓtryproducesabouｔthｅsａmeｖoｌumesoｆgｒeeｎｈｏｕsｅgasesastheworｌd’ｓaiｒｌinｅsdo-rouｇｈ2ｐerｃentofallＣO2emiｓsｉoｎｓ?

Manyeverydaｙtasksｔakｅasurｐｒisiｎgtoｌlontheenviｒonment.AGoｏgleseａrｃhcａｎleakbeｔwｅｅｎ0.２aｎd７．0grａmsofCO2ｄeｐeｎdiｎgonｈowmanyattemptsaｒenｅedeｄｔoｇetｔhe“rigｈt”aｎswｅr.Ｔｏdeｌｉverreｓultstoitsｕｓersquiｃkly,theｎ,Googlｅhａstoｍａintａinvastdatacentresroundthewｏrld,ｐackeｄwｉtｈpoｗｅｒfuｌｃoｍｐuters.WhileproｄucinglaｒｇｅqｕantｉｔiesｏfCO2,thesｅcｏmpｕtｅrｓｅmitagreａtdeａｌoｆhｅaｔ,sotheｃｅｎｔreｓneｅdtobeweｌｌair－ｃonｄitiｏned，wｈichｕseｓeveｎmoreenｅｒｇy.

Howeveｒ,Gooｇleandotherbigteｃｖiｄersmonitｏrtheireｆｆicieｎcycloselyanｄmaｋeimpｒｏvemｅnts.Moniｔoringｉｓthefirｓtｓｔepｏnｔheroadtorｅduction,ｂuttheｒeismuｃｈtobedone,ａnｄnoｔjustbybigcoｍｐanies.

参考答案

从全球范围来看，有谁会想到IT行业释放的温室气体与全球航空公司产生的同样多呢?它大约占总二氧化碳总排量的2％。

许多平常工作对环境导致了令人震惊的破坏。根据每次你搜索并得到对的答案的尝试次数，谷歌会排放0.2至7克的二氧化碳。为了迅速将结果传递给用户，谷歌在全球设立了大量充斥着能量巨大的电脑的数据中心。这些电脑在排放大量二氧化碳的同时,也产生大量的能量。因此,这些数据中心需要良好的空调降温,这又会同时产生大量的能量。

然而,谷歌和其他技术提供商严密检测他们的效果并不断进行改善。监控是减排的第一步,但这仍任重道远,且不仅只由大公司来承担。

小作文参考答案

【版本１】

ＤeaｒLiMing,

ＷeareveryｈappyｔｏknoｗthaｔyouhavesuccessfｕllypassedtｈecoｌleｇeentranceexａminatｉoｎthｉsｙeaｒandhavebeｅnａｄmｉtteｄｉntoPeking

Youhavｅaｌlalongｂｅｅnworkiｎgharｄaｔｙoｕｒprofｅｓsｉoｎaｌstudiｅs，aｎｄyouaｒeeｘcｅllentinmosｔsubjeｃｔs.Ｙourｓｕcceｓsｓｈｏwsthatonｌｙｈaｒｄwoｒｋｃaｎｙieldｇoodresuｌts，soＩｓuggesttｈatyouｓhouldｍakeaｇrｅaｔprｏgreｓsｉnｕnivｅrsityｌiｆｅ.

Weｔaketｈisｏppｏrtｕｎｉtytoeｘprｅｓｓourｂestｗｉsｈestoyou.Wishyougrｅatｅraｃhievｅmentｓｉnyｏurcollｅgeｅｄucation.

Ｙouｒｓsiｎcｅrelｙ,ZｈanｇWei

【版本２】

DearMing,

Ｃｏng