陈述句变间接引语

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英语中，将直接引语变为间接引语时要留神时态问题，语序问题，人称变化等。如何将陈述句和疑问句的直接引语变为间接引语呢？一、陈述句直接引语假设是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的时态，人称，状语等要做相应的变化。

1.时态的变化。间接引语的时态和前面的引述动词的时态关系紧密。假设引述动词为现在时，间接引语的动词保持原来的时态；假设引述动词为过去时，间接引语的动词时态要做如下变化：

如：HangKaisaid,“IamwatchingTVinthebedroom.”=HangKaisaidthathewaswatchingTVinthebedroom.杭凯说他正在寝室看电视。

Hiseldersistersays,“Ilikeskatingverymuch.”=Hiseldersistersaysthatshelikesskatingverymuch.

他姐姐说她分外热爱溜冰。

2.人称的变化。直接引语变间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人的角度做相应的变化。直接引语中的第一人称变为引述片面主语相一致的人称；直接引语中的其次人称变为与引述片面的宾语相一致的人称；假设是第三人称那么不变化。如：

Shesaidtome,“Iwanttoborrowyourcar.”=Shetoldmethatshewantedtoborrowmycar.她报告我说她要借我的小汽车。

Theoldmansaid,“IliketheTVplayverymuch.”=TheoldmansaidhelikedtheTVplayverymuch.老人说他分外热爱那部电视剧。

3.状语的变化。直接引语变间接引语时，假设转述的时间或时态有变化，那么时间状语也做相应的变化。

另外，指示代词this要改为that,地点状语here要改为there,动词come要改为go。如：

HanMeimeisaid,“I’llgotoGuangzhoutomorrow.”=HanMeimeisaidthatshewouldgotoGuangzhouthenext/followingday.韩梅梅说她其次天要去广州。

Theboysaid,“Mybrotherwashereonemonthago.”=Theboysaidthathisbrotherhadbeenthereonemonthbefore.那男孩说他哥哥一个月前在那儿的。

留神：

(1）直接引语假设是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：

Thephysicsteachersaid,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”=Thephysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.物理老师说光传播的速度比声音要快。

(2）假设在当地转述，地点here不要改为there;动词come不要改为go。假设在当天转述，yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不变化。

有志者，事竟成。(爱迪生.T.)

二、疑问句

1.直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语时，用连词whether或if引导引语片面做宾语从句。主句谓语动词用ask；若是转述对问题的回复，主句谓语用tell,say,explain等。如：

Theteacheraskedme,“Areyouthemonitor?”

Theteacheraskedmeif/whetherIwasthemonitor.老师问我是否是班长。

2.直接引语是选择疑问句时，变成间接引语时只能用whether引导。如：

LiMingaskedTom,“Areyougoingtobuythedictionaryorthemagazine?”

LiMingaskedTomwhetherhewasgoingtobuythedictionaryorthemagazine.

李明问汤姆他是要买词典还是要买杂志。

3.直接引语是反意疑问句时，变成间接引语时可以用if或whether引导。假设主句中的谓语动词是said，要改为asked，没有间接宾语的可以加一个间接宾语me,him或us等。如：

“TheRedStaroverChinaisapopularbook,isn’tit?”shesaid.

Sheasked(me)if/whetherTheRedStaroverChinawasapopularbook.

她问我《红星照中国》是否是一本很流行的书。

4.直接引语是特殊疑问句时，变成间接引语就是要变成一个特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，不能用。除非特殊疑问词做主语，否那么都要将疑问语序改为陈述语序。如：

“WheredidyougolastFriday?”sheaskedme.

SheaskedmewhereIhadgonetheFridaybefore.她问我上星期五去哪儿了。

留神：

(1）引语假设是客观事实或自然规律，那么时态不变。如：

XiaoMingaskedtheteacher,“Doestheearthgoroundthesun?”

XiaoMingaskedtheteacherwhether/iftheearthgoesroundthesun.小明问老师是不是地球围着太阳转。

(2)假设直接引语中有情态动词must，那么无论“表示引语的动词为何种时态，must都不变。

“MustIreallygoawaynow?”sheaskedme.

Sheaskedmewhether/ifshereallymustgoawaythen.她问我是否她真的要走开。

稳定练习

1.Thebiologyteacherasked“Dotheleavescomeoutinspringorinsummer?”

Thebiologyteacheraskedwhethertheleaves____inspringorinsummer

A.�comeout

B.�cameout

C.�shouldcomeout

D.�wouldcomeout

2.WangPingaskedhisphysicsteacher,“Doeslighttravelfasterthansound?”

WangPingaskedhisphysicsteacherwhether/iflight________fasterthansound.

A.�traveled

B.�willtravel

C.�travels

D.�shouldtravel

3.Themanasked,“IsthereanythingelseIcando?”

A.�Themanaskedwasthereanythingelsehecando?

B.�Themanaskedtherewasanythingelsehecoulddo.

C.�ThemanaskediftherewasanythingelseIcoulddo.

D.�Themanaskedwhethertherewasanythingelsehecoulddo.

Wherethereisnohope,therecanbenoendeavor.(SanuelJohnson)

4.Maryasked,“ShallIdothat?”Thissentencemeans____.

A.�Maryaskedthatshewoulddothat.

B.�Maryaskedthatsheshoulddothat.

C.�Maryaskedwhethersheshoulddothat.

D.Maryhopedthatshewoulddothat.

5.Theteacherasked,“Whereareyougoing,John?”

A.�TheteacheraskedwherewasJohngoing.

B.TheteacheraskedhimwhereJohnwasgoing.

C.�TheteacheraskedJohnwherewashegoing.

D.�TheteacheraskedJohnwherehewasgoing.

6.“Themeetingisveryimportant,”theheadmastersaid.

Thesentencemeans____.

A.�Theheadmastersaidthemeetingisveryimportant.

B.�Theheadmastertoldusthatthemeetingisveryimportant.

C.�Theheadmastertoldusthatthemeetingwasveryimportant.

D.�Wetoldtheheadmasterthemeetingwasveryimportant.

7.Heasked,“Howlongisthewaytothevillage?”Thesentencemeans____.

A.�Heaskedmehowlongthewayistothevillage.

B.�Heaskedmehowlongthewaywastothevillage.

C.�Heaskedmehowlongwasthewaytothevillage.

D.�Heaskedmehowlongisthewaytothevillage.

8.Mr.Brownsaid“Iwasbornin1945.”

Mr.Browntoldmethathe________in1945.

A.�wasborn

B.�hadbeenborn

C.�wereborn

D.�hadborn

9.Heasked,“Don’tyouwanttobehere?”Heaskedme____.

A.�whetherIwanttobethereornot.

B.ifyouwanttobethereornot.

C.�whetheryouwanttobethereornot.

D.ifIwanttobethereornot.

10.“Ihadle