2021-2022学年河北省邢台市高二（下）第二次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年河北省邢台市卓越联盟高二（下）第二次

月考英语试卷

A

Ifyou'dliketogosightseeing,thefollowingWorldHeritageSitesmaybeyourbestchoices.

JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea

JiuzhaigouValley,whichliesinthenorthernpartofSichuanProvince,China,reachesaheight

ofmorethan4,800m,withaseriesofdifferentforestecosystems（生态系统）.It'sparticularly

famousforitsexcellentwaterfalls.About140kindsofbirdsliveinthevalley,aswellasa

numberofendangeredplantsandanimals,includingthegiantpanda.JiuzhaigouValleywas

recognisedasaWorldHeritageSitebyUNESCOin1992.

KhamiRuinsNationalMonument

ThecityofKhami,whichdevelopedafterthecapitalofGreatZimbabwehadbeengivenupin

themid-16thcentury,isofgreatarchaeological（考古的）interest.Thediscoveryofobjects

fromEuropeandChinashowsthatKhamiwasamajorcentrefortradeoveralongperiodof

time.ltjoinedtheWorldHeritageListin1986.

Hendersonlsland

HendersonIsland.whichliesintheeasternSouthPacificjsoneofthefewatolls（环礁）inthe

worldwhoseecologyhasbeenuntouchedbyhumans.Itsparticularlyfamousforthe10plants

and4birdsthatcanonlybeseenontheisland.ltwasrecordedintheWorldHeritageListin

1988.

TheTajMahal

TheTajMahalisconsideredtobeoneofthemostbeautifulbuildingsintheworldandthe

finestexampleofthelatestyleofIndianarchitecture.ltwasbuiltbytheemperorShah

Jehan,whoruledIndiainthe17thcentury.ltwasinmemoryofhisfavouritewifewhodiedin

1631.ThearchitecturewasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1983.

1.WhichofthefollowingcanbefoundinJiuzhaigouValley?

A.Wonderfulwaterfalls.B.Ancientobjects.

C.Beautifulbuildings.D.Untouchedecology.

2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheTajMahal?

A.Itdoesn'texistnow.

B.Itwasbuiltbyanemperor'swife.

C.Ithasbecomeaplaceofinterest.

D.Itlooksmorebeautifulthanotherbuildings.

3.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwereadthetext?

A.Industry.B.Travel.C.Science.D.Business.

B

Lately,my90-year-oldmotherhasbeensleepierandsleepier.Thisisverystrangeand

worrying.Atthesametime,my92-year-oldfatherhasbeensufferinghisownhealthproblems.lt

isaterriblethingtoseemyfatherstruggletogetmymothertotalk,saysomething,whenshe

doesn'thavetheenergy.

Theotherday,!recalledhowmymotherusedtovisitawomannamedMrs.Demopolis,aGreek

immigrant,whomadethebestbaklava（果仁蜜饼）intheworldJShegavelessonsonbakingit

tomymother.Also,mymotheroftenbakedbaklavaathome.AsIspokeofthisoverthe

phone,mysilentmotherandsaidhowmuchshe*dliketohaveoneagain.

Now,theyliveinFloridaandIliveinWales,UK,soIcan*tgoandbringhersomebaklavaor

evenmakesomeinherkitchen.ButwhatIdidsuggestwasthatmyfathercouldbuysome

baklavaataGreekrestaurantandIcoulddothesame,andwouldn'titbefuntoeatourbaklava

atexactlythesametimeandso,betogethersharingthemomentandthepleasure?Myparents

lovedtheideaandwedecidedtodoit.

Twodayslaterwebothhadourbaklavaandsharedtheexperience.ltmeantalottomy

parents,andtome,todothis.Mymothersaidshewantedtodothisagain,maybewithanother

foodorevenbaklavaagain!Whynot?Andassheonlykeepslosingweightinsteadof

gaining,itisgoodforhertofindfoodsthatappealtoherappetite.Itisbecominghardertofind

waystocommunicateoverthephone,butthisisatleastaverygoodwaytodoso.

4.Whydoestheauthorfeelworried?

A.Hermothercan'twalkbyherself.

B.Hermotherisbecominglessactive.

C.Herfatherhastogethermothertotalk.

D.Hermotherrefusestotalkwithherfather.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"perkedupuinParagraph2mean?

A.Calmeddown.B.Turnedaround.

C.Heldone*sbreath.D.Cametolife.

6.Whatdidtheauthorsuggesttopleasehermother?

A.Theyshouldenjoythesamefoodatthesametime.

B.Theauthorshouldbuysomebaklavaforhermother.

C.Hermothershouldmakesomebaklavainherkitchen.

D.Herfamilyshouldgettogethertolookafterhermother.

7.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'smother?

第2页，共18页

A.Shehopestolivewithherdaughter.

B.Sheislookingforherfavoritefood.

C.Shelikescommunicatinginthisway.

D.Shethinksbaklavaisthemostdelicious.

c

Theworldwilltohavetostartthinkingseriouslytosaveitscoralreefs.Coralsarecomeback

creatures.Asthesealevelsroseandfellover30,000years,Australia'sGreatBarrier

Reef,roughlythesizeofItaly,diedandrevivedfivetimes.Butnow,thankstohuman

activity,coralsfacethemostcomplexconditionstheyhaveyethadtodealwith.

AccordingtotheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,ariseinglobaltemperature

ofl.5℃abovepre-industriallevelcouldcausecoralreefstodeclineby70-90%.Theplanetis

about1℃hotterthaninthe19thcenturyanditsseasarebecomingwarmer,stormierandmore

acidic.Thisisalreadyaffectingrelationsbetweencoralsandthesingle-celledalgae（海藻）

withwhichtheylivetogether,andwhichgivethemtheircolour.Whenwatersbecomeunusually

warm,coralspushthealgaeout,leavingreefsaghostlywhite,whichishappeningfivetimesas

oftenasitdidinthe1970s.

Meanwhilethechangingchemistryoftheoceanslowerstheabundanceofcarbonateions（碳

酸盐离子），makingitharderforcoralstoformtheirskeletons（骨骼）.

Ifcoralsgo,diversandoceanbiologistsarenottheonlypeoplewhowillmissthem.Reefstake

uponlyonepercentoftheseafloor,butsupportaquarteroftheplanet'sfishdiversity.Thefish

thatreefsshelterareespeciallyvaluabletotheirpooresthumanneighbours,manyofwhom

dependonthemasasourceofprotein.IntheCoralTriangle,anareaofwaterstretchingacross

South-EastAsiaandintothePacificwhichishometothree-quartersofknowncoral

species,morethan130millionpeoplerelyonreefsforfoodandfortheirlivelihoodsinfishing

andtourism.

8.Whatcausescoralstodecline?

A.Pollution.B.Tourism.

C.Fishing.D.Temperaturerise.

9.Whatwillaffectthecolorofcorals?

A.Thesingle-celledalgae.

B.Theabundanceofcarbonateions.

C.Theplanet'sfishdiversities.

D.Thechangingchemistryoftheoceans.

10.Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassage?

A.Atravelbrochure.B.ALiteraturewebsite.

C.Asciencejournal.D.Ageographyfiction.

11.Whatwillthefollowingparagraphprobablytalkabout?

A.Advantagesofcorals.B.Measurestosavecorals.

C.Effectsofcoraldecline.D.Reasonswhycoralsdecline.

D

Fromteenagetoadulthood,yougothroughabasketofchanges—graduationjobsand

relationshipsthatcomeandgo.Butasyougrowolder,doesyourpersonalitychange?

Peopletendtothinkofpersonalityasfixed.Butthatisnothowitworks.''Personalityisa

developmentalphenomenoninsteadofsomethingthatyou'restuckwithandcan'tgetover,"

saidBrentRoberts,apsychologistattheUniversityofIllinois.

Robertsandotherresearchershavesurveyedthepersonalitiesofparticipantsregularlyover

manyyears,showingthatourpersonalityisactuallystablewithineachdecadeoflife.Youdon't

noticeitonaI-to-5-yeartimerange,butinthelongterm,itbecomespronounced（显著的）.

In1960，psychologistssurveyedover440，000highschoolstudentswhoansweredquestions

abouteverythingfromhowtheyreactedtoemotionalsituationstohowefficientlytheygot

workdone.Fiftyyearslater,researcherstrackeddown1,952ofthesestudentsandgavethem

thesamesurvey.Theresultsfoundthatintheir60s,participantsscoredmuchhigherthanthey

didasteenagersonquestionsmeasuringcalmness,self-confidence,leadershipandsocial

sensitivity（敏感度）.

Overagain,studieshavefoundsimilarresults.Personalitytendstogetbetterover

time.Psychologistsnameit"thematurityprinciple（成熟定律）".Peoplebecomemore

extroverted（外向），emotionallystable,agreeableandgentleastheygrowolder.Ingeneral,nthe

maturityprinciple'1appliestomostpeople.

Sowhatcausesthechange?Evidencesuggestsit'snotdramaticlifeevents,suchas

marriage,thebirthofachildorlossofalovedone.Instead,changingexpectationsplacedon

us—asweadjusttouniversity,theworkforce,startingafamily-slowlywearusin,almostlike

apairofshoes,Robertssaid,"Overtime,youareaskedtodothingsdifferentlyandthuslearn

howtobehaveinthesesituations."Soweadapt.

12.WhathasRobertsfoundaboutpersonalityaccordingtothepassage?

A.Itisastablephenomenon.

B.Itchangesonadailybasis.

C.Itisafixedpatternofthoughts.

D.Itdevelopsgraduallyasweage.

13.HowdidthepsychologistscarryouttheirresearchaccordingtoParagraph4?

A.Byclassifyingthefacts.

B.Bymakingcomparisons.

C.Bygivingvariousexamples.

D.Byquotingpreviousresearches.

14.Whichofthefollowingmightnthematurityprinciple"bringabout?

第4页，共18页

A.Anapproachableandstablecharacter.

B.Acalmandself-centeredpersonality.

C.Asuccessfulandextraordinarycareer.

D.Anunusualandemotionalsensitivity.

15.Whydoesourpersonalitychangeaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Wehavetoomuchworktodo.

B.Dramaticlifeeventshavehappenedtous.

C.Wegraduallyadapttodifferentlifesituations.

D.Itisstressfultobehave•ourselvesinadulthood.

Haveyoueverhadtroublesleepinginanewplace?(1)AndnowresearchersfromBrown

UniversityinRhodeIslandthinktheyknowwhy.Theyfoundthatone-halfofthebrain

''remainsmoreawake"thantheotherhalfwhenpeoplearetryingtosleepinanewplace.

Theresearcherssaidthisappearsacaseofthebrainkeepingpeoplereadyfortroubleinanew

place.Manypeoplereporttheyhaveahardertimesleepingthefirstnightatahotelorother

placesoutsidetheirhome.⑵“InJapan,theysay,'ifyouchangeyourpillow,youcan*tsleepina

newplace.*"saidYukaSasaki,oneofthereport'saulhors.Theresearchersmeasuredbrain

wavesfbr35volunteersovertwonightsinalaboratory.⑶

Theyfoundduringthefirstnightthelefthemisphere(半球)ofthebrainwasmoreactivethan

therighthemisphere.Sasakisaidalotofquestionsremain.(4)SoJheydon'tknowiftheleft

hemispherekeeps"watch”allnight.Orwhetherit"worksinshifts1'withtherighthemisphere

laterinthenight.Theyalsodonotknowwhytheextrabrainactivity,atleastduringthefirst

phaseofdeepsleep,isalwaysonthelefthemisphere.

(5)Itisgoodtoknowthatourbrainis"lookingoutforus,"inanewplace.Butitmaynothelp

withsleep.Thatextrabrainactivity,atleastaccordingtothisnewresearch,makesithardertoget

thesleeppeopleneedtowakeupwell-restedinthemorning.

A.Lotsofpeopledo.

B.Mostpeopleareunawareofit.

C.Thetwonightswereaweekapart.

D.Theycallitthe"first-nighteffect".

E.Forsome,thisresearchmaybecalming.

F.Researchersdidnotkeepmeasuringbrainwavesallnightlong.

G.Researchersfoundtheextrabrainactivityinthelefthemisphere.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

Atraditionformywifeistomakeholidaytreatsanddrivearoundtowntodelivertoabout15

friends.Wedothisovertwodaysand⑵)alotofsatisfactionseeingpeopleandwishingthem

well.

Lastnightkindnesshadastrange(22)withtiming.

First,we(23)todelivertreatstoour95-yearoldneighborrightbeforeshewasreadytogoto

sleep.Next,we(24)tofriendswhohadjustfinisheddinnerandwere(25)forsomething

sweet.Shortlyafter,withplateinhand,we(26)aneighborandherdaughterwhowerecoming

homefromawalk.Lateron(27),wewerethengettingtoafriend'shouseasshe(28)from

visitingsomeoneelse.Aneighty-fiveyearoldneighborwasonZoomwithfriendstalkingabout

whatChristmasmeantandsaidthatoursurprisewastheperfect(29).

Onefriendwasnothomewhenwecalled.Shewascoolonthe(30)whenwerangtolether

knowwewereleavingasmall(31)forher.Shetoldusshewasonherwayandaskedifwe

would(32).Shesaidthatshecoulduseahug.ShehadjustreturnedfromtheER.Her

husband,whohadbeensuffering(33)medicalbarriers,hadjustfallen,brokenhishipand

neededsurgery.Shegotherhugs.

Fromaperfectdessertafteragoodmealto(34)forfriendworriedaboutherhusband,our

sweetsmeantalottomany.Smallthingsthatcanmakeabig(35).

21.A.gainB.testC.paceD.bond

22.A.bonusB.connectionC.extensionD.foundation

23.A.gotupB.madeoutC.startedoutD.calledup

24.A.startedB.relayedC.attendedD.delivered

25.A.bubblingB.starvingC.chasingD.acquiring

26.A.giftedB.fetchedC.spottedD.dismissed

27.A.onaverageB.bycontrastC.onpurposeD.byaccident

28.A.heldupB.pickedupC.pulledupD.tookup

29.A.mercyB.exampleC.capacityD.function

30.A.phoneB.fenceC.mealD.scene

31.A.diskB.mailC.treatD.dessert

32.A.waitB.bookC.urgeD.withdraw

33.A.violentB.temporaryC.ridiculousD.continuous

34.A.rangeB.supportC.grantD.labour

35.A.aptitudeB.criterionC.differenceD.platform

36.ScientistsinPeruhavediscoveredtheskull(颅骨)ofanancestorofmodern-day

whales.Thefossilizedskullisbelieved(1)(be)about36millionyearsold.Researchers

第6页，共18页

saythediscoverysuggeststhattheanimallivedinanoceanonce⑵(cover)Peru's

southernOcucajedesert.

Thescientistsreportedtheskullwasingoodconditionwhen⑶(dig)uplastyear.lthas

aseriesoflong,pointy(4)(tooth),saidRodolfoSalas,chiefofpaleontologyatPeru^

NationalUniversityofSanMarcos.

Scientistssaytheancientmammalwasabasilosaurus,whichisinthecetacean(鲸目)

family.Thenamebasilosaurusmeans"kinglizard(蜥蜴)"andtheanimal(5)(think)

tohavebeenabout12meterslong.Butitwasnotareptile(1爬行动物)although⑹(it)

longbodymighthavemovedlikealargesnake.

Salascalledtheanimal"amarinemonster"thatmaybelong(7)anewspeciesof

basilosaurus.uWhenitwassearchingforitsfoodjt(8)(sure)didalotofdamage,'*he

added.

Salasexplainedthatwhentheancientbasilosaurusdiedout,itsskulllikelysanktothe

bottomoftheocean,(9)itwasquicklyburiedandremained.

"Backduringthisage,(10)conditionsforfossilizationwereverygoodinOcucaje,"Salas

said.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

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(10)

37.你所在学校近期将邀请省高校外教兼职业生涯规划师Peter先生来做讲座。假如你

是高二学生李华，即将进入高三一轮复习。请你给MrPeter写封信，介绍你本人在

学习、个性等方面的长处以及你的职业愿景，并请他为你在选择大学专业方面提出

一些建议。

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearPeter,

IamLiHua.

Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Yours,

LiHua

38.Whenmyboyswereyounger,goingoutwiththemwasdifficult.Myheartsankduringthe

holidayseasoneverytimeIlookedatthelonglineofkidswaitingtomeetSanta.Thiswas

notanactivityourfamilycouldenjoy.Thenoiseandcrowdscausedsensory（感官的）

overloadformyfive-year-oldsonNoah,anautistic（患自闭症的）child.Ialsohada

youngerson,Henry,whoneededanextrahand.Waitinginlinewashardlypossible.

IalwayshopedforthebestbutplannedfortheworstwhenItooktheboysoutofthe

house,butIknewthatattemptingtogetapicturewithSantawasn'tworththerisk.Ifwehad

attemptedtostandinlineforevenafewminutes,!wouldhavebeenchasingNoah,and

Henrywouldhaveexperiencedanemotionalbreakdown.ltwaseasiertostayathome.

OntheafternoonofChristmasEveayearago,thephonerang.Thevoiceontheotherend

ofthelinesaid,"Ifyou'reathomethisevening,TdliketoarrangeforSantatostopby."It

wasDenny,thefriendlyownerofacompany,whohadhelpeduswithourdo-it-yourself

project.Inashorttimehewasatourhome,Denny'skindnessandabilitytorelatetoour

kidswereevident.

IfeltnervousandexcitedabouthavingSantacometoourhome.Dennytoldmeitwould

bewellarranged.Wouldourkidsevennotice?Wouldtheybefrightenedbyastrangerina

redsuit?Wouldtheycry?

AfewminutesbeforeIwasplanningtocookdinneronChristmasEve,Santatappedgently

ontheliving-roomwindow.Noahwasspeechless,andhisjawdropped.Henry,twoyears

old,wavedandsaid,"Hi,Santa!"

注意：

1.续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语己为你写好。

Paragraph1：

Excitedandnervous,!openedthedoorandSantasteppedinside.

Paragraph2：

Santaleftafterstayingforonlyafewminutesandtearsstreameddownmyface.

第8页，共18页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、B

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。由第二段中”It'sparticularlyfamousforitsexcellentwaterfalls.',

可知，在九寨沟能够观赏到瀑布。A.Wonderfulwaterfalls.奇妙的瀑布；B.Ancientobjects.

古代物品；C.Beautifulbuildings美丽的建筑；D.Untouchedecology未被触及的生态。故

选A.

（2）C.细节理解题。由最后一段中

"ThearchitecturewasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1983.”可知，泰姬陵已经成为一处旅

游胜地。A.itdoesn'texistnow.（它现在不存在了）与原文不符；B.Itwasbuiltbyanemperofs

wife.（它是由一位皇帝的妻子建造的），ItwasbuiltbytheemperorShahJehan,who

ruledIndiainthe17thcentury.ltwasinmemoryofhisfavouritewifewhodiedin1631.（它

是由17世纪统治印度的国王沙•杰汗建造的。这是为了纪念他死于1631年的爱妻。）

因此与原文不符；D.Itlooksmorebeautifulthanotherbuildings.（它看起来比其他建筑物

更漂亮），原文并没有将其与其他建筑物作对比；C.Ilhasbecomeaplaceofimerest.（它

已经成为一个名胜古迹）符合题意，故选C.

（3）B.文章出处题。通读全文可知，这篇文章介绍了四个世界遗产遗址，最有可能出

现在报纸的旅游专栏中。A.Industry工业；B.TraveL旅行；C.Science.科学；D.Business.

商业。故选B.

本文为应用文。文章介绍了四处世界遗产遗址供游客选择。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言

表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题

是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4〜7.【答案】B、D、A、C

［解析］（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段Lately,my90-year-oldmotherhasbeensleepier

andsleepier.Thisisverystrangeandworrying.（最近，我90岁的妈妈越来越困了。这是

非常奇怪和令人担忧的）可知，作者会感到焦虑是因为她母亲变得不那么活跃了。故选

Bo

（2）D.词义猜测题。根据第二段Theotherday,Irecalledhowmymotherusedtovisita

womannamedMrs.Demopolis,aGreekimmigrant,whomadethebestbaklava（果仁蜜饼）in

theworld!Shegavelessonsonbakingittomymother.Also,mymotheroftenbakedbaklavaat

home.AsIspokeofthisoverthephone,mysilentmotherperkedupandsaidhowmuchshe'd

liketohaveoneagain.（有一天，我想起我母亲曾经去拜访一位名叫德莫波里斯夫人的女

士，她是一位希腊移民，她做的果仁蜜饼是世界上最好的!她教我妈妈怎么烤。而且，

我妈妈经常在家烤果仁蜜饼。当我在电话里谈到这件事的时候，沉默的母亲兴奋起来，

说她多么希望可以再吃一个果仁蜜饼。）可知，听到女儿在电话里说这件事，老太太变

得兴奋活跃起来。所以划线词的意思是“活跃起来，恢复生机"。A.Calmeddown.平静下

来,镇定下来;B.Turnedaround.转向反方向；C.Heldone'sbreath.屏息；D.Cametolife.

活跃起来，恢复生机。故选D项。

（3）A.细节理解题。根据第三段ButwhatIdidsuggestwasthatmyfathercouldbuysome

baklavaataGreekrestaurantandIcoulddothesame,andwouldn'titbefuntoeatourbaklava

atexactlythesametimeandso,betogethersharingthemomentandthepleasure?Myparents

lovedtheideaandwedecidedtodoit.（但我的建议是，我父亲可以在希腊餐厅买一些果

仁蜜饼，我也可以做同样的事，如果我们在同一时间吃果仁蜜饼，一起分享这一刻和快

乐，不是很有趣吗？我父母很喜欢这个主意，我们决定照做。）可知，作者建议，虽然

身处两地，但他们可以各自买来果仁蜜饼，相约时间，一起享受它的美味与度过这段欢

愉时光。故选A项。

（4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一Itmeantalottomyparents,andtome,todothis.My

mothersaidshewantedtodothisagain,maybewithanotherfoodorevenbaklavaagain!Why

not?（对我父母和我来说，这样做意义重大。我妈妈说她想再来一次，也许再来一份

食物，甚至是果仁蜜饼!为什么不呢？）可知，作者的母亲很喜欢用这种方式交流。故

选C项。

本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了90岁的老母亲最近越来越昏昏欲睡，这让作者很担心。后

来作者想了一个办法，让母亲活跃起来。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段AccordingtotheIntergovernmentalPaneionClimate

Change,arisein-globaltemperaturesof1.5Cabovepre-industriallevelcould,causecoral

reefsto,declineby70-90%（根据政府间的帕尼隆气候变化组织，全球气温比工业化前水

平上升1.5摄氏度，可能导致珊瑚礁下降70-90%）可知，温度上升导致珊瑚数量减少。

A.Pollution.污染；B.Tourism.旅游；C.Fishing.捕鱼业；D.Temperaturerise.温度上升。故

选D。

（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段Thisisalreadyaffectingrelationsbetweencoralsandthe

single-celledalgaewithwhichtheylivetogether,and•whichgivethemtheircolour.（这已经

影响了珊瑚和它们生活在一起的单细胞藻类之间的关系，单细胞藻类赋予了珊瑚颜色。）

可知，单细胞藻类会影响珊瑚的颜色。故选Ao

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（3）C.文章出处题。根据文章内容，文章讲述了气温的上升导致了珊瑚的减少，及珊

瑚的减少对人类的影响，因此本文来自于科学杂志。A.Atravelbrochure.旅游手册；B.A

Literaturewebsite.文学网站；C.Asciencejournal.科学杂志；D.Ageographyfiction.地理小

说。故选C。

（4）B.推理判断题。根据根据第二段AccordingtotheIntergovernmentalPaneionClimate

Change,arisein-globaltemperaturesof1.5Cabovepre-industriallevelcould*causecoral

reefstoedeclineby70-90%（根据政府间的帕尼隆气候变化组织，全球气温比工业化前水

平上升1.5摄氏度，可能导致珊瑚礁下降70-90%）和最后一段Ifcoralsgo,diversandocean

biologistsarenottheonlypeoplewhowillmissthem.Reefstakeuponlyonepercentofthesea

floor,butsupportaquarteroftheplanet'sfishdiversity.Thefishthatreefsshelterareespecially

valuabletotheirpooresthumanneighbours,manyofwhomdependonthemasasourceof

protein.IntheCoralTriangle,anareaofwaterstretchingacrossSouth-EastAsiaandintothe

Pacificwhichishometothree-quartersofknowncoralspecies,morethan130millionpeople

relyonreefsforfoodandfortheirlivelihoodsinfishingandtourism.（如果珊瑚消失了，潜

水员和海洋生物学家不是唯一会想念它们的人。珊瑚礁只占海床的百分之一，但却支撑

着地球上四分之一的鱼类多样性。珊瑚礁所庇护的鱼类对它们最贫穷的人类邻居尤其有

价值，其中许多人依赖它们作为蛋白质的来源。在珊瑚三角区，一个横跨东南亚一直延

伸到太平洋的水域，是四分之三的已知珊瑚物种的家园，超过1.3亿人依靠珊瑚礁获取

食物，依靠渔业和旅游业维持生计。）可知，本文主要介绍了气温的上升（原因）导致

了珊瑚的减少（结果），及珊瑚的减少对人类的影响，故可推断接下来作者很可能讨论

解决方案或应对策略及措施。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气温的上升导致了珊瑚的减少，及珊瑚的减少对人类的

影响。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】D、B、A、C

［解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段的Personalityisadevelopmentalphenomenon

insteadofsomethingthatyou'restuckwithandcan'tgetover（性格是——种发展现象，而不

是你无法摆脱的东西。）可知，人的性格并非固定的，而是伴随着我们的成长而调整的。

故选D。

（2）B.推理判断题。根据第四段的Fiftyyearslater,researcherstrackeddown1.952ofthese

studentsandgavethemthesamesurvey.（50年后，研究人员追踪了1952名学生，并给

他们做了同样的调查。）可知，研究人员将受访者的问卷调查结果与50年前的结果进

行对比，因此是采用对照的方式进行研究。故选B。

（3）A.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Peoplebecomemoreextroverted,emotionally

stable,agreeableandgentleastheygrowolder.（随着年龄的增长，人们会变得更加外向、

情绪稳定、随和和温柔。）可以得出，随着年龄增长，大部分人会变得温和外向、情绪

稳定，与A项相符。故选A。

（4）C.推理判断题。最后一段解释了性格变化的原因。根据Instead,changingexpectations

placedonus-asweadjusttouniversity,theworkforce,startingafamily-slowlywearus

in,almostlikeapairofshoes,（相反，人们对我们的期望发生了变化---我们要适应大学、

工作、组建家庭一一慢慢地，我们就像一双鞋一样。）可推断，我们在适应不同人生阶

段的需求时，我们的性格会产生变化。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了从青少年到成年，我们的个性并非一成不变，而是随着

我们处在不同时期、承担不同责任，而逐渐发生调整和变化的。普遍来说，相对于青少

年期，我们会变得外向、情绪稳定、性格温和。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】A、D、C、F、E

【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据上文提出问题Haveyoueverhadtroublesleepinginanew

place?（你在一个新地方睡不好觉吗？）A项"Lotsofpeopledo.（很多人都有。）"，

A项是个省略句，意为"很多人到一个新的地方，都会睡不着”，A项与上文语意衔接连

贯。故选A项。

（2）D.推理判断题。根据上文Manypeoplereporttheyhaveaharderlimesleepingthefirst

nightatahotelorotherplacesoutsidetheirhome.（许多人报告说他们在酒店或家庭以外

的其他地方时，第一个晚上比较难入睡）提出一个普遍现象，即许多人说他们在酒店或

家庭以外的其他地方时，第一个晚上比较难入睡，D项"Theycallitthe*first-nighteffect'.

（他们称之为'第一夜效应'）",D项对上文的这一现象进行了定义，承接上文，语意

衔接连贯。故选D项。

（3）C.归纳总结题。根据上文Theresearchersmeasuredbrainwavesfor35volunteersover

twonightsinalaboratory.（研究人员在一个实验室里测量了35名志愿者两个晚上的脑

电波）下一STheyfoundduringthefirstnightthelefthemisphere（半球）ofthebrainwas

moreactivethantherighthemisphere.（他们发现，在第一个晚上，大脑的左半球比右半

球更活跃。）此处仍在继续说实验内容，故设空处内容也应该与实验内容有关，C项"The

twonightswereaweekapart.（这两晚上时间相隔一个星期）"符合，描述了实验内容，

解释了上文"overtwonights",故选C项。

（4）F.推理判断题。根据上文Sasakisaidalotofquestionsremain.（Sasaki说其实这个

实验仍存在很多问题）所以推断，后文要具体陈述这个问题的内容。F项"Researchersdid

notkeepmeasuringbrainwavesallnightlong.（研究人员并没有整夜不断地测量测试对象

的脑电波）"符合，说明了产生问题的其中一个原因。T^"So,theydon'tknowiftheleft

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hemispherekeeps'watch'allnight.Orwhetherit'worksinshifts'withtherighthemisphere

laterinthenight.(所以，他们不知道左脑是否整晚保持‘警惕'状态，或者它是否在夜

间与右脑‘轮班'工作。)",F项中提及的“没有整夜进行测量"，产生了下文的结果，与

下文为因果关系。故选F项。

(5)E.段落大意题。设空处在段首。这篇文章结构为总分总，中间两段为研究的具体

内容，所以最后一段是对全文的总结，也是文章开头提出问题的呼应，文章第一段指出

人们对于为什么换地方睡不着感到很疑问，结合下文Itisgoodtoknowthatourbrainis

(lookingoutforus,(很高兴知道我们的大脑在‘照顾我们，)可知，空处应该是描写人

们在知道为什么换地方睡不着后的内心变化，即从刚开始的疑问到现在变成了"平静

(calming)所以E选