高二英语选修6unit3语法项目it的用法讲解 新课标

高二英语选修6Unit3语法项目It的用法讲解it的用法在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点，尤其是it用于强调句。其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行，偶尔也出现在“短文改错”和“完形填空”中。1．(NMET98)ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently___Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty．A．untilB．thatC．thenD．so正确答案：B此题考查强调句，所以用that。2．(NMET98)Ihatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull．A．itB．thatC．theseD．them正确答案：A此题考查it作形式宾语的用法，所以选A。(MET91，短文改错)DavidandIdidnotagreeandDavidpointedtoapathwhichhethoughtitwouldprobablyleadtoavillage．正确答案：去掉it,因为定语从句中已有宾语which。一、要点点拔代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。－Whoisthebaby?－It‘smyteacher'sson.－Whoisthatgentleman?—It'smyfriendTom.He(不可用It)wantstoseeyou.用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。例如：It'shalfanhour'swalkfromheretoourschool.It‘sniceandwarmhere.Butit'stwoo'clocknow,andit'stimeforustogotoschool.用作形式主语.it没有具体意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子后尾，使句子显得平稳一些，能借it给移至句子后尾的主语有三种：一种由不定式表示，一种由动名词表示，一种由从句表示。.It替代真正的主语一一动词不定式短语.Itiseasiertosaythantodo.Itisagoodacttohelptheothers..it替代真正的主语一一动名词短语,以动名词短语做主语的句子，主要在以nogood,nouse,noharm,dangerous,foolish等词作表语的句中.It'snoharmdrinkingrunningwaterinthatarea。It'sfoolishtalkinglikethat..it替代从句作主语，用从句做主语的带it的句子很多,常见的有下面几类：Itisapity(ashame,afact,awonder,agoodthing,etc.)that…Itisashamethathedidn'tpasstheexam.Itisstrange(surprising,obvious,true,good,possible,clear,etc.)that…。Itwasclearthattheyhadnodesireforpeace.Itseems(happened,turnedout,etc.)that…Itseemedthatthingswerenotastheyexpected.Itissaid(decided,expected,etc)that…Itissaidthattheticketshavebeensoldout.用作形式宾语。当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,一ing短语或从句往往用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末,句子重心后移。WefinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwellinsuchashorttime．Wethinkitnousecryingoverspiltmilk．Wemadeitclearwhenandwhereweweregoingtohavethemeeting．用于强调句型，即“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom+其它”句型之中。使用该句型有以下几点请注意：强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.ItwasyesterdaythatImetyourfatherinthestreet.不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词.ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourfatheryesterday.被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that,用that也行。Itwasyourfatherthat/whom/whoImetinthestreetyesterday.ItwasIthat/whometyourfatherinthestreetyesterday.强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。Itistheywhoareourfriends.Itwasnotuntilteno'clockthatwegothomelastnight.注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。Itiswas…that…为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。比较：Itwasteno'clockwhenwegothomelastnight.我们昨晚到家时已十点了。Itwasatteno'clockthatwegothomelastnight.我们昨晚是在十点到家的。第一句不是强调句,when不可改为that,因为去掉itwas和that后，只能组成“Wegothometeno'clocklastnight.”这样一个不完整的句子；第二句是强调句，that不可改为when.二、常用句型及考点形式主语型Itisclear(obvious，true,possible，certain…)that…Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange，natural…)that…掌握本句型，应该记住所列举的形容词，并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)，should可以省去。Itisnogood(use)doingsth.Itisapity(ashame…)that…本句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省去。表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that…本句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气。Itisthefirst(second…)timethat…Itissaid(reported,learned….)that…Itissuggested(ordered…)that…本句型中的过去分词应该是表示请求、建议、命令等的词，that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省略。常译为“据建议；有命令……”。Ithappens(seems，appears)that…Ittakessb…todosth.Itdoesn'tmatterwhether…Itiskind(ofsb)todosth.本句型中的不定式如果需要逻辑主语，则须要前置介词of,而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong等。Itisnecessary(forsb)todosth.Itis(just)likesbtodosth.本句型为“某人(恰恰)是……样子”。用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。例：It'slikehimtoleavetheworktoothers.他就是这样的一个人,把工作推给别人。Itisuptosbtodosth.本句型表示“谊由某人做……”。强调句型Itis+被强调部分+that/who…本句型中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。其他句型Itis・・・since…本句型主句中用时间作表语，一般用现在时或完成时，since引导的从句常用瞬间动词的一般过去时态。主句如用一般过去时,则从句用过去完成时。Itis・・・when…本句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。Itlooks(seems)asif...本句型中的asif引导一个状语从句，常译为“看起来好像……”。如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气.例1Itlooksasifheisill(真的病了).例2Itlooksasifhewereill(没有生病).Exercises:一.单项选择1.Itwasatthegatehetoldmethenews.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when2.IsnecessarytotellhisfathereverythingA.itB.thatC.whatD.he3.Wasitinthispalacethelastemperordied?A.thatB.inwhichC.inwhereD.which4.Ispossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.nowB.manC.thatD.it5.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarhedied?A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then6.IsnecessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.hedon'tthinkpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it8.Doesmatterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it9.Itwasnotshetookoffherdarkglasses,Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then10.Tom‘smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,butdidn'thelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it11.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.ItIspossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A．nowB．manC．thatD．it13．Ourfoodandservicearebetterthanusedtobe.A．itB．weC．theyD．them14．appearstomethereportmustbetruth.A．That;itB．It;thatC．It;itD．That;that15．Hefeelsdutytohelpothers.A．thatheB．thathisC．itheD．ithis16．Takeeasy.Theroadsareicy.A．itB．themC．usD．you17．TheTVsetsmadeinChinaaremuchbetterthaninJapan.A．thatB．thoseC．themD．It18．——Haveyoufoundthebikeyoulostyesterday?——Yes,I'vefoundalready.A．itB．thatC．theoneD．thatone19.——I'mlookingforaflat.——Wouldyoulikewithgarden?A．it;theB．it;aC．one;aD．one;the20．waswhoImetinthemuseumthismorning.A．It;himB．It;heC．That;heD.That;him21．ItwasinthericefieldswehadourLeaguemeeting.A．whereB．thatC．inwhichD．onwhich22．youcometothepartysolate?A．WhyisitB．WhyitisC．WhyitisthatD．Whyisitthat23．——Wereallthreepeopleinthecarinjuredintheaccident——No,___onlythetwopassengers___gothurt．A．theywere;thatB．therewas;thatC．itwas;whoD．thereare;who24．Idon'tthinkpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A．thisB．thatC．itsD．it25．ItwasnotshetookoffherglassesIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar．A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then26.Itwasnotuntil1920regularradiobroadcastsbegan.A．whileB．whichC．thatD．since27．isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A．ThereB．ThisC．ThatD．It28．Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A．thatB．untilC．beforeD．when29．ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A．untilB．thatC．thenD．So30．Ihatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A．itB．thatC．theseD．them31．——Whydon'twetakealittlebreak?——Didn'twejusthave?A．itB．thatC．oneD．this32.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarhedied？(MET88)A．thatB．WhileC．inwhichD．Then33.Ispossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship？(MET88)A．nowB．thatC．itD．Mandon'tthink___possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmomorywork．(MET90)A．ThisB．thatC．itsD．It35.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallangua．ge(NMET95)A．ThereB．ThisC．ThatD．It36.Itwasabout600yearsago___thefirstclockwithfaceandanhourhandwasmade．(NMET97)A．thatB．untilC．beforeD．whencomputersplaysuchanimportantpartinourdailylife?A．WhyitisthatB．WhyisitthatC．WhywasitthatD．WhyisitWasitduringtheSecondWorldWarhedied?A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.thenIsnecessarytotakeoffourshoeswhenweenterthelab?A.everyoneB.thisC.herD.itIspossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.nowB.thatC.itD.manIdon'tthink___possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.itSheheardofaterriblenoise,___broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.thatAlicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.heDoesmatterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.itTom'smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,butdidn'thelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.itTheweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.whatB.whichC.thatD.itisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.Ithopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave.A.itB.thoseC.themD.one49.Itwasabout600yearsago___thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.whenhatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them51.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently___I_begantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so52.Itistheabilitytodothejobmattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it53.Ityouthattoblame.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;areD.are;is54.WasthatIsawlastnightattheconcert?A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyou55.electricityplayssuchanimportantpartinourlife?A.WhyisitthatB.WhyisitC.WhyitisthatD.Whyisthat56.Itwashesaiddisappointedme.A.what;whatB.that;thatC.what;thatD.that;what57.Itwasinthelab___wastakenchargeofbyProfessorHarris___theydidtheexperiment.A.which;thatB.that;whatC.whom;thatD.which;where58.ManypeoplenowmakearuletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A.themselvesB.itC.thatD.this59.Someoneisatthedoor,whois'A.thisB.thatC.itD.he60.—Itisrainingcatsanddogs.A.SoitisB.SoisitC.NeitheritisD.Neitherisit二•分析it成分，辨清相似句型。①iswellknowtousallthattheearthisrou