2023北京平谷高二（上）期末英语（教师版）

第18页/共18页2023北京平谷高二（上）期末英语注意事项1．本试卷共12页，包括四部分，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2．在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5．考试结束，请将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，25分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inawinterevening,GusKiebelwasdrivinghomefromwork.Suddenlyhe____1____apairofbeaglesintheflashofhisheadlights.Itwassnowingsohard,buthecouldtellthedogswerewearingcollarsandlabels.Gusparkedhistruckand____2____theanimals.Hesquatted(蹲)andstretchedouthishandstothebeagles.Hereadtheirlabelsbyhistruck’sheadlights—thesetwodogswereacouple.He____3____hisphonetocallthenumberlisted,butitwassnowingsohardthathisscreenblurred.Thenheplacedthedogsinhistruckandtheysnuggled(依偎)together.Gusdialedthenumberfromthedogs’____4____.Unfortunately,thecalldeclined.ButGusdialedagain.Aman____5____andimmediatelygrewdefensive.“Igavethosedogsaway,”themansaid.“They’renotmineanymore.”Themanhungup.Itwas____6____thatthesebeagleswereabandoned.Asaboy,Gushaddreamedofowningbeagles,buthealreadyhadafamilydog.Thenextday,hetookthedogstothesheltertodropthemoff—ononecondition.“I’mnotsigningthedogsovertoyouifyou’regoingto____7____them.”hesaid.Theshelterworkerspromisedhimthey’dkeepthecoupletogether.Inthefollowingdays,Gusphonedtheshelter____8____tocheckuponthepairofbeagles.SoonafterChristmas,thebeagleswere____9____,asapair,andadoptedtoalovingfamily.WhatGusdidbroughtoutthebestinournature.Andwhen_____10_____andloveovercomecrueltyandtheelements,itcanfeellikethegreatestmiracleofall.1.A.checked B.spotted C.guided D.pushed2.A.approached B.found C.got D.waited3.A.pickedup B.droppedout C.pulledup D.reachedout4.A.signs B.bags C.labels D.clothes5.A.talked B.answered C.chatted D.cried6.A.obvious B.fortunate C.desperate D.special7.A.hurt B.drop C.raise D.separate8.A.immediately B.accidentally C.repeatedly D.initially9.A.protected B.adapted C.stolen D.chosen10.A.kindness B.bravery C.generosity D.enthusiasm第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Lastmonth,Ipassedbyacinemainthecitycenter.Amovieposter____11____(catch)myeyes.Tomyamazement,thenewfilm____12____(produce)bySam,oneofmystudents.Samwasborninapoorfamily.Hisparentscouldnotaffordtosendhimtoanartschool____13____hecouldlearnperformanceandfilmmaking.SoIhelpedandsupportedhim.Samhadatalentforfilmandkeptonalltheway.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。China’sspacemedicineexpertshavestartedplanningtosetupa“spacehospital”____14____(serve)astronauts,accordingtoa____15____(lead)scientist.Theseexpertsarecarryingoutexperimentsandtestsonthegroundtoadvancethebasicworkonaspacehospital.Thevalueofthisprojectisthatit____16____(enable)ourspaceexplorerstotraveldeeperandstay____17____(healthy)duringtheirjourney.Theresearchofsuchaspace-basedclinicwillalsohelptodevelopourcountry’smedicaltechnology.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Whenateacheraskedhisstudentstosavetheirwaterbottles,Austinwasdeterminedtonotjusthavearoletohelptheenvironment____18____tomakeahugeimpact.Theboysetouttocollecthundredsofwaterbottle____19____(cap),whichwouldberecycledandusedtomakeprostheticlimbs(假肢).“IwenthomeandthoughtofawayIcouldcollectenoughtohelpout.”Austinsaidthathe____20____(be)awarethatitwasasimplewaytohelpoutyoungkidsinneed.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，33分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)isresponsibleforevaluatingandjudgingwhetheraplacecouldbetitledTheWorldHeritageSite.Thegroupchoosessitesbasedonhistoricalandculturalimportance,aswellastheirbeauty.TheWorldHeritageinBeijingConstructedfrom1406to1420,TheTempleofHeavenisanimperialcomplexofreligiousbuildingssituatedinthecentralareaofBeijing.TheTempleofHeavenwasinscribedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein1998andwasdescribedasamasterpieceofarchitectureandlandscapedesign.TheTemplecomprisesthreemaingroupsofconstructions:TheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvests,TheImperialVaultofHeavenandTheCircularMoundAltar.TheWorldHeritageinLuoyangSituatedonthecentralplainofChina,LuoyangisoneofthecradlesofChinesecivilization.TheLongmenGrottoes,southofthecity,wereexcavatedandcarvedfrom493ADto1127AD.ItwaslistedontheUNESCOlistofWorldHeritageSitesin2000.Theimageswerecarvedasoutsiderockreliefsandinsideartificialcaves.Thereareasmanyas100,000statueswithinthe2,345caves.TheareaalsohasoversixtyBuddhistpagodas.TheWorldHeritageinWiltshireStonehengeisaprehistoricmonumentinEngland.Itconsistsofaringofstandingstones,toppedbyconnectingstones.Thewholemonument,nowruinous,isorientedtowardsthesunriseontheSummerSolstice.StonehengeisregardedasaBritishculturalicon.ThesiteanditssurroundingswereaddedtoUNESCO’slistofWorldHeritageSitesin1986.ArchaeologistsbelieveStonehengewasconstructedfrom3000BCto2000BC.Itcouldhavebeenaburialgroundfromitsearliestbeginnings.21.WhatcanwelearnaboutStonehenge?A.StonehengeisasymbolofBritishculture.B.Stonehengehasahistoryof3000years.C.Stonehengeconsistsofstonesandwood.D.Stonehengeisnotorientedtowardsthesunrise.22.Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A.thereare100,000cavesinTheLongmenGrottoesB.TheTempleofHeavenhasthreemaingroupsofbuildingsC.onlyonesiteinLuoyangislistedinTheWorldHeritageSitesD.theTempleofHeavenhasbeentitledtheWorldHeritageSitefor30years23.Whatdothethreesitesinthetexthaveincommon?A.Theyhavecaves,hallsandstatues.B.Theyareancientimperialbuildings.C.Theyallhavehistoricalandculturalvalue.D.TheyareconnectedwithBuddhistculture.BMarathonManIn1896,ayoungmanfromGreecenamedSpiridonLouisranoneofthemostexcitingfootracesever.Bornin1873inasmallhouseintherockyhillsaboveAthens,Spiridonhelpedhisfathertendthesheepfromaveryyoungage.Aftergatheringthewool,theywalkedtotheAthensmarkettosellit.ItwasinAthensSpiridon’sfathertoldhimthelegendofPheidippides,whoranfromthevillageofMarathontoAthens,totellhispeoplethattheGreekshadwonagreatbattle,butdiedafterdeliveringthemessage.Therunofnearly25mileshadbeentoomuchforhim.Thelegendhadinspiredhimformanyyears.BythetimehewasinhisearlytwentiesSpiridonwasmakingalivingsellingfreshwaterfromthehills.TwiceadayhewouldloadtwobarrelsfullofwateronhismuleandrunalongsidethemuletoAthens,atripofmorethaneightmiles.Spiridon’slegsandheartgrewstrongfromallthatrunning.WhenheheardthatalongracewouldbepartoftheOlympicGames,hedecidedtoenter.Theracewouldbecalledmarathon,inhonorofthelegendofPheidippides.HeldonthelastdayoftheOlympicsinAthens,theraceincludedmanyexcellentrunnersfromseveralcountries.Whenthereweresixmilestogo,EdwinFlackofAustraliawasinthelead.ButSpiridon,whohadstartedoutataslower,steadypace,begantogainground,andwonthefirstOlympicmarathon.TheSummerOlympicGamestakeplaceonceeveryfouryears,bringingtogetherathletesfromallovertheworld.PerhapsthestoryofSpiridonwillinspirethenextwinneroftheOlympicmarathon,justasSpiridonwasinspiredbythelegendofPheidippidessolongago.24.Accordingtothelegend,Phedippidesdied________.A.inthevillageofMarathon B.becauseofthelong-distancerunC.onhiswaydeliveringthemessage D.inthegreatbattlethattheGreekhadwon25.HowwasSpiridonearninghislivingbythetimeheenteredtherace?A.Bysellingthewool. B.Byrunningthemule.C.Bysellingfreshwaterfromthehills. D.Byhelpinghisfathertendthesheep.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Toloadwater,SpiridonranthemuletoAthenseveryday.B.Spiridonpractisedrunningbyloadingbarrelsfullofwater.C.Spiridondidnotrunfasterthanothersatthebeginningoftherace.D.TheOlympicGameswereheldtohonorthelegendofPheidippides.27.Spiridon’sstoryiswrittento________.A.describehowSpiridonsucceededB.honorthelegendofPheidippidesC.rememberthefirstOlympicGamesD.motivatetheathletesoftheOlympicmarathonCIt’sworthbeingawarethatdevelopmentalchangescouldmakechildrenmoresensitivetothenegativesideofsocialmedia.Duringtheteenageyears,forexample,thebrainchangesmassively,andthiscaninfluencehowyoungpeopleactandfeel—includingmakingthemmoresensitivetosocialrelationships,andstatus.“Beingateenagerisareallyamajortimeofdevelopment,”saysOrben.“You’remuchmoreimpactedbyyourpeers,you’remuchmoreinterestedinwhatotherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Andthedesignofsocialmediamightbemorestressfulatcertaintimes.”Aswellasage,otherfactorscouldinfluencetheimpactofsocialmediaonchildrenandteenagers—butresearchersareonlyjustbeginningtoexploretheseindividualdifferences.“Therewillbepeoplewhoaremorenegativelyorpositivelyimpactedatdifferenttimepoints.Thatmightbeduetolivingdifferentlives,goingthroughdevelopmentatdifferentpoints.Theymightbeusingsocialmediadifferently.”saysOrben.Formanyparents,buyingachildaphoneisapracticaldecision.“Inalotofcases,parentsaretheonesthatwanttheyoungerchildrentohavephonessothattheycankeepintouchthroughouttheday.”saysOdgers.Itcanalsobeseenasamilestoneontheroadtoadulthood.“Ithinkforchildrenitgivesthemasenseofindependenceandresponsibility,”saysAnjaStevie,researcherattheUniversityofVienna,Austria.“Thisisdefinitelysomethingthatparentsshouldconsider:aretheirchildrenatastagewheretheyareresponsibleenoughtohavetheirowndevice?”Onefactorparentsshouldn’toverlookishowcomfortabletheyfeelwiththeirchildhavingasmartphone.Besides,it’sworthremembering,though,thathavingasmartphoneneednotopenthefloodgatestoeverysingleapporgameavailable.“I’mincreasinglyhearing,whenIinterviewchildren,thatparentsaregivingthemthephonebutintroducingrequirementstocheckanddiscusswhichappstheyget,andIthinkthatisprobablyreallywise,”saysLivingstone.28.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Parentsfeelcomfortablewhenchildrenhavesmartphones.B.Manyparentshaveatendencytobuychildrensmartphones.C.Agedoesnotinfluencetheimpactofsocialmediaonchildren.D.Itisunacceptableforparentstocheckappsonchildren’sphones.29.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsbuyingchildrensmartphones?A.Concerned. B.Puzzled. C.Pessimistic. D.Subjective.30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Parents’PracticalDecision B.NegativeSidesofSocialMediaC.AnIntroductionofApps&Games D.WhentoBuyChildrenSmartphonesDInmanylanguages,thewordfor“mother/mom”takesanm-sound.Isthereanyreasonforsuchnear-universality?Linguists(语言学家)generallyarguefor“thearbitrarinessofthesign”:noconnectionexistsbetweentheworddogandthefurryquadruped.Arareexceptionisonomatopoeia,wherewordsrepresentingthebarkofadog(bow-wow)andthebuzzmadebyabeearemoreorlesssimilartothesound.Yetmostthingsarenotsubjecttonamingthisway.Whataboutmama?Itdoesnotsoundlikeamother,butthefactisthatsomesoundsaremorewidespreadthanothersaroundtheworld.Therearemanydozensofobservedconsonantswhicharerareandhardfornon-nativestolearn.Incontrast,afew—suchasb,m,p,t,dandk—showupfarmorefrequently,innearlyeveryspokenlanguageintheworld.Thatisalmostcertainlybecausetheyareeasytomake.Ababyvocalisingwill,atfirst,makeavowel-likesound,usuallysomethinglike“ah”,whichrequireslittleinthewayofcontroloverthemouth.Iftheybrieflyclosetheirmouthandcontinuevocalising,airwillcomeoutoftheirnose,thusmakingthem-soundthatisusedin“mother”aroundtheworld.Thoughthe“mamas”bearthemostobvioussimilarity,the“papas”havestrikingcommonalities,too.Babiescaneasilystoptheirbreathwhentheyclosetheirlips(ratherthangoingonbreathingthroughthenose).Thisproducesab-orap-sound.Itissurelyforthisreasonthatsomanynamesfor“father”usetheseconsonants:papainEnglish,abbinArabicandbabainMandarin.T-andd-soundsaresimilarlybasic,involvingasimpletapofthetongueagainsttheteeth:hencedaddy,tatay(Tagalog)ortayta(Quechua).Fatherandmotherare,therefore,anoddity.F-isnotespeciallyeasytoutter(发音);th-soundsareevenharder.English,GreekandSpanishareunusualinhavingthem.EvenAnglophonechildrenmaystrugglewithth-soundswhentheyarefive,orolderstillinmanycases.Anyway,itishardtofindlinguisticuniversalsamidtheworld’sdazzlingvariety.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quadruped”inParagraph2mostprobablyreferto?A.Pronunciation B.Sound C.Bee D.Animal32.“Mamas”and“papas”areusedsouniversallybecause________.A.hesoundsofthetwowordssoundalikeB.airwillcomeoutofbaby’smouthdirectlyC.thesoundscanbeeasilyandnaturallyutteredD.babiescancontinuetheirbreathwhenclosingtheirlips33.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwordsmightbethemostdifficulttoarticulate?A.Forthcoming. B.Programme. C.Magnificent. D.Magazine.34.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Inspirationfrombabies’smileandtalks.B.Linguists’effortstotheresearchofsounds.C.Connectionbetweenthewordmumanddad.D.Reasonsforsimilarsoundsinunrelatedlanguages.第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。SixTipsforFreshmenStartingcollegecanbeastressfulexperience.Itintroducesalotofbigchangesinyourlife.Herearesixtipsforfreshmen.1.____35____Ofallthetipsforcollege,thisonemightbethemostpractical.Makesuretoconsiderwhatuseathomeonadailyorweeklybasis,andtakealookatwhatacollegestudenthassuggestedyoubring!2.Becomfortablebeingonyourown.____36____Thetasksforwhichyouoncereliedonyourparentsarenowyourresponsibilitysoitisimportantthatyoucometoschoolknowingbasicskills,howtodolaundry,andhowtofollowaroutine.3.Haveanideaofwhatyouwanttostudy.Declaringyourmajorimmediatelyupongettingacceptedintocollegeisnotlifeordeath.____37____Internships(实习期)arealsoagreatwaytodipyourtoesinthewaterandfindoutwhetherornotyouareinterestedinacertaincareer.4.Putyourselfoutthere.Forthosewhostruggletomakefriends,findingpeoplewhoyoushareinterestswithisalwaysagoodplacetostart.Joiningalocalcluboractivitythatyouenjoycanhelpyoutomeetnewpeoplethatlikethesamethingsthatyoudo.5.Practicegoodhabits.Beingawayfromhomeandthestructureofmiddleschoolforthefirsttimecausesmanycollegefreshmentoformbadhabits.____38____Thesewillhelpensureyoustayingoodhealthandmakeyourcollegeexperiencemuchsmoother.6.____39____Budgeting(预算)canbeaverysimplewaytounderstandandmonitoryourspendinghabits.Asimplespreadsheetwithyourmonthlyexpensesandincomeisagreatwaytostartlistingyourspending.A.Learntomanageyourfinances.B.Makesuretotakeclassesthatinterestyou.C.Makinggoodfriendisveryimportantincollege.D.Knowwhatthingsyouneedforacollegedorm.E.Establishahealthysystem,andeatabalanceddiet.F.Youcoulddoaparttimejobtoearnmoremoney.G.Inmostcases,collegeisthefirsttimethatyouwillbecompletelyonyourown.第三部分基础知识(共两节，10分)第一节(每空0.5分，共5分)用括号里所给词的正确形式填空，在未给出提示词的空白处只能填写一个恰当的单词。请在答题卡指定区域作答。40.Yearsago,Jasonwasacollegeprofessorwithabighouse.But________(know)thatmanypeoplewerelivinginpoorconditions,he________(feel)guilty.（所给词的适当形式填空）41.Everyone________(experience)stress.Forstudents,studyingformanyhoursandpreparingforexamscanreallyhaveaninfluence________ourwell-beingandhealth.(所给词的适当形式填空)42.Lastyear,Itried________(share)acarwithmycolleagues________livenearmebutitstilltooksolong.（所给词的适当形式填空）（用适当的词填空）43.Ispentahappyhour________(sit)inacafe,________(think)aboutthegoodtimesIhadhadthereasastudent.（所给词的适当形式填空）44.Withoutateacher,hetaught________(him)howtouseacomputer,andbytheageof12he________(know)threedifferentprogramminglanguages.（所给词的适当形式填空）第二节(每空1分，共5分)从方框中选择最恰当的词，并用其正确形式填空。severesuperbspellexpandbehaveWhenHelenwasyoungshelosthersightandhearing.Withthese____45____restrictionstohercommunication,Helen’s____46____wasoftenunbearableandsometimesshewastroublesome,stubbornandangrywithatendencytobreakthingswhenshewasnotunderstood.AnneSullivanwasa____47____teacher.Anne’stechniquewassimpleandstraightforward.SheputanobjectintoHelen’shandand____48____outthewordonherotherhand.ThepreciousknowledgeshetaughtHelengaveherhopeandjoy.From“doll”and“water”,Helen’sknowledgeandvocabulary____49____andthischangedherthinkingprocess.第四部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题，第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Theterm“moonlightclan”referstolow-incomeearnersinChinawhospendalloftheirincomemeetingtheirbasicneeds.AccordingtoCCTVin2021,40percentofsinglesinChina’sfirst-tiercitiesbelongtothe“moonlightclan.”Ontheotherhand,theChinesehouseholdsavingsrateremainshigh.TheaveragesavingsrateinChinaisover45percent.Inotherwords,nearlyhalfofahousehold’sincomedoesnotflowbackintotheeconomybutsitsinabankaccount(orsomewhereelse).Someexpertsareconcernedaboutthishighratebecauseoflimitedcapitalflowsandalessactivecurrency.ButconsideringcurrenteconomicsituationinChina,thehighsavingsrateisagoodthing.Tocopewithpressure,theChinesegovernmenthasintroducedaseriesofpoliciestostimulateresidents’consumption,suchasencouragingthepurchaseofvehiclesinthecountrysideandprovidingconsumptionvouchers(消费券).Highsavingsratesareundoubtedlyanimportantsupportforthesepoliciesbecausewithoutactualmoneyinthebank,nomatterhowencouragingthepoliciesare,thepublicjustwon’tshop.Despiteastillveryactivemarket,Chinaneedsmoreeffectivemeasurestopersuademorepeopletostartspendingagainandstimulatetheeconomy.Andoncemorepeoplefeellikespendingfreelyagain,China’sdomesticmarketwillsurelygrowstronger,promisingsoundeconomicgrowthinthelongterm.50.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheterm“moonlightclan”referto?________________51.Whyaresomeexpertsworriedaboutthehighhouseholdsavingsrate?________________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Tocopewiththecurrentdifficulteconomicsituation,theChinesegovernmentforcedthepeopletoconsume.________________53.Wouldyouliketobeamemberofthe“moonlightclan”inthefuture?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)________________第二节(20分)54.假如你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim从社交媒体上看到了你参观学校国画展览的照片，写信向你了解情况。请给他回信，内容包括：1．国画展相关信息(时间、地点、目的等)；2．你的感受。国画展：theexhibitionoftraditionalChinesepaintings注意：1．词数100左右;2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分知识运用(共两节，25分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C5.B6.A7.D8.C9.D10.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了格斯在一个风雪之夜救了一对被人遗弃的小猎犬，他把狗送到了收容所后依然很关心它们，终于这对小狗在圣诞节被领养的故事。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然在他的车灯闪烁下他看见两只小猎犬。A.checked检查；B.spotted看见；C.guided带领；D.pushed推。根据后文“Itwassnowingsohard,buthecouldtellthedogswerewearingcollarsandlabels.”可知，虽然雪很大但是他依然可以辨别出狗带着项圈和标签，说明他之前在车灯下看见了两只狗。故选B项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：格斯停下他的卡车然后接近动物。A.approached接近；B.found发现；C.got到达；D.waited等待。根据后文“Hesquatted(蹲)andstretchedouthishandstothebeagles.”可知，他蹲下身并且把手伸向小狗，推断他停车是为了接近小狗。故选A项。【3题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他掏出手机打了列出的号码，但是雪太大了以至于他的屏幕模糊了。A.pickedup捡起；B.droppedout退出；C.pulledup拔起；D.reachedout掏出。根据下文“butitwassnowingsohardthathisscreenblurred”可知，雪下地太大他看不清屏幕，可推断他掏出手机是为了打电话。故选D项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：格斯拨打了狗标签上的号码。A.signs标志；B.bags书包；C.labels标签；D.clothes衣服。根据前文“thedogswerewearingcollarsandlabels”可知，狗带着项圈和标签，推断出格斯要想知道狗主人的信息需要拨打标签上的电话，labels为原词复现。故选C项。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男人接了电话并且立刻变得很有戒心。A.talked谈话；B.answered回答；C.chatted聊天；D.cried哭。根据下文“Themanhungup”可知，男人挂断了电话，推断出之前这个男人接了电话。故选B项。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这对小猎犬被抛弃了。A.obvious明显的；B.fortunate幸运的；C.desperate绝望的；D.special分开的。根据前文““Igavethosedogsaway,”themansaid.“They’renotmineanymore.”及后文“thesebeagleswereabandoned”可知，狗被遗弃是一个显而易见的事实。故选A项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你要分开他们，我就不会签字转让这对狗。A.hurt伤害；B.drop掉落；C.raise提升；D.separate分开。根据后文“Theshelterworkerspromisedhimthey’dkeepthecoupletogether.”可知，收容所的工人答应格斯会让这对狗在一起，推断出格斯的要求是不让这对狗分开。故选D项。【8题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意；在接下来的几天里，格斯反复给收容所打电话检查这对狗的情况。A.immediately立刻地；B.accidentally偶然地；C.repeatedly反复地；D.initially最初。根据后文“checkuponthepairofbeagles”可知，格斯检查这对狗的情况说明他对狗很关心，推断出他应该是反复打电话去检查狗的情况。故选C项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久在圣诞节之后，这对小猎犬被作为一对选中了并且被一个有爱的家庭收养。A.protected保护；B.adapted调整；C.stolen偷；D.chosen选择。根据后文“adoptedtoalovingfamily”可知，狗被收养了，说明它们在收容所里被选中了。故选D项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当善良和爱战胜了残忍和恶劣的环境，这就好像是最伟大的奇迹。A.kindness善良；B.bravery勇敢；C.generosity慷慨；D.enthusiasm热情。根据and并列结构可知，空格处需要填一个和love含义相近的词汇，kindness意为“善良”符合句意。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)【答案】11.caught12.wasproduced13.where【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上个月，作者经过市中心的一家电影院。一张电影海报引起了作者的注意。令作者惊讶的是，这部新电影是由作者的一个学生山姆制作的。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：一张电影海报引起了我的注意。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上文Lastmonth时间状语以及上下文时态可知，此处动词应为过去式。故填caught。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：令我惊讶的是，这部新电影是由我的一个学生山姆制作的。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上文Lastmonth时间状语以及上下文时态可知，此处动词应为过去式，因newfilm和动词produce为被动关系，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填wasproduced。【13题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他的父母没钱送他去艺术学校学习表演和电影制作。分析句子可知，先行词artschool在从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句，故填where。【答案】14.toserve15.leading16.willenable17.healthier【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道说中国的太空医学专家已经开始计划建立一个“太空医院”来为宇航员服务。【14题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：据一位著名科学家称，中国的太空医学专家已经开始计划建立一个“太空医院”来为宇航员服务。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词started，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填toserve。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。空处需用形容词作定语修饰空后名词scientist，lead对应的形容词为leading“一流的，卓著的”。故填leading。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：该项目的价值在于，它将使我们的太空探险者能够更深入地探险，并在探险中保持健康。结合文章描述可知，本文描述的是将来的一种可能性，由此可知，空处谓语动词需用一般将来时。故填willenable。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。此处是系动词，其后需接形容词作表语，建立“太空医院”目的是帮助宇航员保持健康，由空前deeper可知，空处形容词需用比较级。故填healthier。【答案】18.but19.caps20.hadbeen【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Austin收集瓶盖，将它们回收来做假肢，帮助有需要的孩子的善行。【18题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：当一位老师要求他的学生节约他们的水瓶时，奥斯汀决心不仅要帮助环境，还要产生巨大的影响。notjust...but...是固定搭配，意为“不仅要……还要……”，因此空格处填but，故填but。【19题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：这个男孩开始收集数百个瓶盖，这些瓶盖将被回收利用，用来制作假肢。空前有hundredsof，空格处用复数，故填caps。【20题详解】考查时态。句意：奥斯汀说，他意识到这是一种帮助有需要的孩子的简单方法。beaware的动作在said前已经完成，因此空格处时态用过去完成时，表示一个过去的过去已经完成的动作，因此空格处是hadbeen。故填hadbeen。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，33分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)【答案】21.A22.B23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个具有历史和文化价值的联合国世界遗产。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据TheWorldHeritageinWiltshire中“StonehengeisregardedasaBritishculturalicon.(巨石阵被视为英国的文化标志)”可知，巨石阵是英国文化的象征。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据TheWorldHeritageinBeijing中“TheTemplecomprisesthreemaingroupsofconstructions:TheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvests,TheImperialVaultofHeavenandTheCircularMoundAltar.(故宫由三大建筑组成：祈年殿、皇穹宇和圜丘坛)”可知，天坛有三组主要的建筑。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thegroupchoosessitesbasedonhistoricalandculturalimportance,aswellastheirbeauty.(该组织根据历史和文化的重要性以及它们的美丽来选择景点)”和后文文章的介绍可知，这三个文化遗产的共同之处在于它们都具有历史和文化价值。故选C。【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。1896年，一个来自希腊名叫SpiridonLouis的年轻人跑出了有史以来最激动人心的马拉松比赛，获得冠军。文章讲述了他受到Pheidippides传说的启发，开始参加比赛的经历。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ItwasinAthensSpiridon’sfathertoldhimthelegendofPheidippides,whoranfromthevillageofMarathontoAthens,totellhispeoplethattheGreekshadwonagreatbattle,butdiedafterdeliveringthemessage.Therunofnearly25mileshadbeentoomuchforhim.(正是在雅典，Spiridon的父亲告诉他Pheidippides的传说，他从马拉松的村庄跑到雅典，告诉他的人民希腊人赢得了一场伟大的战斗，但在传递消息后死亡。将近25英里的长跑使他承受不了。)”可知，根据传说，Phedippides的死是由于长跑造成的，故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Bythetimehewasinhisearlytwenties,Spiridonwasmakingalivingsellingfreshwaterfromthehills...WhenheheardthatalongracewouldbepartoftheOlympicGames,hedecidedtoenter.(在他二十出头的时候，Spiridon靠卖山上的淡水谋生……当他听说长跑将是奥运会的一个项目时，他决定参加。)”可知，在Spiridon参加比赛时，他是靠卖山上的淡水为生，故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ButSpiridon,whohadstartedoutataslower,steadypace,begantogainground,andwonthefirstOlympicmarathon.(但是Spiridon开始跑得比较慢较，比较稳，随后开始跑得快，并赢得了第一届奥运会马拉松比赛。)”可知，在比赛开始时，Spiridon并没有比其他人跑得更快。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“PerhapsthestoryofSpiridonwillinspirethenextwinneroftheOlympicmarathon,justasSpiridonwasinspiredbythelegendofPheidippidessolongago.(也许Spiridon的故事会激励下一个奥运会马拉松冠军，就像很久以前Spiridon受到Pheidippides传说的启发一样。)”可知，文章Spiridon的故事是为了激励奥林匹克马拉松运动员，故选D。【答案】28.B29.A30.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了社交媒体对儿童和青少年的负面影响会让让孩子对社交媒体更加敏感。【28题详解】细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“Formanyparents,buyingachildaphoneisapracticaldecision(对许多父母来说，给孩子买手机是一个实际的决定)”可知许多父母倾向于给孩子买智能手机，故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“Aswellasage,otherfactorscouldinfluencetheimpactofsocialmediaonchildrenandteenagers—butresearchersareonlyjustbeginningtoexploretheseindividualdifferences.(除了年龄之外，其他因素可能会影响社交媒体对儿童和青少年的影响，但研究人员才刚刚开始探索这些个体差异)”可知作者对购买儿童智能手机的态度是担忧的，故选A。【30题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了社交媒体对儿童和青少年的负面影响会让让孩子对社交媒体更加敏感。以及第一段讲到“It’sworthbeingawarethatdevelopmentalchangescouldmakechildrenmoresensitivetothenegativesideofsocialmedia.(值得注意的是，发展变化可能会让孩子对社交媒体的负面影响更加敏感。)”可知这篇文章的最佳标题是社交媒体的负面影响，故选B。【答案】31.D32.C