顺德区普通高中教学质量检测（一）

/01/11/2022学年顺德区普通高中教学质量检测（一）高三英语 2022.11本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。因听说另考，试题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题号从“21”开始。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案写在试卷上无效。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACustomizedSTEMStudyTripsforHighSchoolGroupsOnourscience-basedstudytoursandSTEMfieldtrips,theplanetbecomesthelivingclassroomforhighschoolgroupswithasfewas10participatingstudents.haveover50yearsofexperienceindesigningstudentSTEMtripsaroundtheglobeforallsciencerelatedsubjects-everythingfromAstronomytoZoology!canselectfromanumberoftopicalareastoaddtoyourcurriculumandmaximizestudentlearningincluding,butnotlimitedto:EarthSciences&GeologyTripsParticipateinproblem-solvingworkshopsontopicslikevectors,exponentialsorcalculusinphysics.TourthefacilityatCERN,siteoftheworld’slargestparticlephysicslaboratory.StartageologicaladventurethroughIceland,thelandoffireandice,orexplorethealpinelandscapes,mountaintopsandglaciersofSwitzerland.LifeSciences&BiodiversityTripsOurlifesciencesandbiodiversityprogramsofferawindowintothefascinatingworldsofbiology,zoology,botany,ecologyandmanyothers.ExploretheinterdependenceofvariousspeciesandtheirimpactononeanotherintherainforestofBolivia.Considerchangesingeography,habitat,atmosphere,andhowlifeformshaveadapted…ornot!Mathematics&TechnologyTripsUncoverthesignificantimpactofmathematicsandtechnologyonhumanlifeinourdevelopingworld.UnderstandhowastormsurgebarrierworksandhowcountriesliketheNetherlandsusewindturbinestopoweralloftheirelectrictrains.LearnwhatgoesintomakingandbreakingcodeslikethoseusedinWorldWarII.02/1103/11/GreenEngineeringTripsLearnthebasicfunctionofphotovoltaic(光电的)cellsandhowtheyformtogethertomakesolarpanels.Investigatehowvariousfactorsliketemperatureandangleimpacttheperformanceofsolarpanels,andtakeontheroleofanengineeranddeveloptheoptimalsolarpanelarrayforagivengeographiclocation.WecanalsocustomizeSTEMtripsbasedonyourinterestsandneeds.Pleasecontactusat800-522-2398oremailustodayattodiscussotheracademicthemesyouareinterestedinpursuing.WhatcanstudentsdoonEarthSciences&GeologyTrips?Designtrainingworkshops. B.Doanexperimentonfireandice.C.aphysicslaboratory. D.ExploreglaciersoftheNorthPole.Whichtripscanyoutakeifyouenjoyexploringrainforests?EarthSciences&GeologyTrips B.LifeSciences&BiodiversityTripsC.GreenEngineeringTrips D.Mathematics&TechnologyTripsWhoisthetextintendedfor?Travelagencies. B.Holidaymakers.C.Environmentalists. D.Highschoolstudents.BKingCanutecouldn’tstoptheocean’stidefromrollingin—canAfricaholdbackthedesert?That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistryingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,8,000kmworthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharadesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.Theprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentirewidthofAfrica.Theinitiativeisadecadein,andaround15%completed,andtherehavealreadybeenbenefitsformanycommunitiesandwildlife.It’sbringinglifebacktothecontinent’sdegradedlandscapes,providingnotonlyfoodsecurityandjobsbutareasontostayforthemillionswholivealongitspath.EffortswillbeconcentratedalongtheSahel,aregioninAfricathatliesbetweentheSaharainthenorthandthemoretropicalsavannainthesouth.BurkinaFaso,Cameroon,Chad,TheGambia,GuineaMauritania,Mali,Niger,Nigeria,andSenegalallformtheSahelregion,wherethereareupto50millionpeoplewhostillliveasnomads(游牧民),dependingoncattletosustaintheirlivelihoods.It’soneofthepoorestplacesontheplanet:aregionofhunger,conflict,andlowjobprospects,madeevenharderbytheongoingdrought.AtascienceconferenceheldinDecember,expertsestimatedthatthewallcouldhavefar-reachinginfluenceonweatherpatterns.ClimatemodelspresentedattheAmericanGeophysicalUnion’sautumnconferenceforecastthatthefinishedwallcouldincreaserainfallfourfoldintheSahelandloweraveragesummertemperaturesovermostofnorthernAfrica.However,thehottestsectionsofthedesertmaybecomeevenhotter,increasingbyupto1.5°C.Thewallmayseemlikeamoonshot,butallthebestideasusuallyare.AsThomasSankara,formerpresidentofBurkinaFasomadness...The,“Youcannotcarryoutfundamentalchangewithoutacertaindegreeofmadness...Thecouragetoturnyourbackonthetraditionalmethods,thecouragetoinventthefuture.”04/1103/8/What’sthepurposeofthe“GreatGreenprotecttheoriginallandscapes.bringmorewildlifetothisregion.increasethevarietiesoflocalplants.stoptheSaharadesertfromexpanding.WhatcanweknowabouttheSahelregion?ItisinthecentreoftheSahara.Itishometo50millioncattle.Itprovidesalotofjobopportunities.Itconsistsofmanypoorcountries.Whatimpactwouldthewallhaveonweatherpatterns?FreeofdroughtinAfrica.MorerainfallintheSahel.Lowertemperaturesallyearround.Coolerweatherinthehottestareas.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheproject?Favorable. B.Uncaring. C.Critical. D.Ambiguous.CTheearliestdiscoveredcavepaintingsdatebacktotheUpperPaleolithic(旧石器)period.Wemightexpectthattheywouldbesimplymade,butthecavepaintingsofSpainandsouthernFranceshowahighdegreeofskill.SodothecavepaintingsinsouthernAfrica.Someofthoseappeartohavebeenpaintedasmuchas28,000yearsago,whichsuggeststhatpaintinginAfricaisasoldaspaintinginEurope.TheearlyAustraliansmayhavepaintedonthewallsofrocksheltersatleast30,000yearsago.TheresearchersidentifiedthreeprincipallocationsofpaintingsinthecavesofwesternEurope:inobviouslyinhabitedrocksheltersandcaveentrances;ingalleriesneartheinhabitedareasofcaves;andintheinnerreachesofcaves,whosedifficultyofaccesshasbeeninterpretedasasignthatmagical-religiousactivitieswereperformedthere.Thesubjectsofthepaintingsaremostlyanimals.Thepaintingsrestonbarewalls,withnodecoration.Perhaps,likemanycontemporarypeoples,UpperPaleolithicmenbelievedthatthedrawingofahumanimagecouldcausedeathorinjury,andifthatweretheirbelief,itmightexplainwhyhumanfiguresarerarelyfoundincaveart.Anotherexplanationforthefocusonanimalsmightbethatthesepeoplesoughttoimprovetheirluckathunting.TheparticularsymbolicsignificanceofthecavepaintingsinsouthwesternFranceismoreclearlyrevealedbytheresultsofastudy.Thedatasuggestthattheanimalsinthecavepaintingsweremostlytheonesthatthepainterspreferredformeat.Forexample,wildcattleandhorsesarefoundmoreoftenthanwewouldexpectbychance,probablybecausetheywerelargerandheavier(meatier)thanotheranimalsintheenvironment.Inaddition,thepaintingsmostlydrawanimalsthatthepaintersmayhavefearedthemostbecauseoftheirsize,speed,naturalweaponssuchashorns.Thatis,mammoths猛犸)aredrawnmoreoftenthandeer.06/1105/11/WhatdoweknowaboutcavepaintinginEurope?Itisasmuchas28,000yearsold.Itismuchmorethan30,000yearsold.ItismucholderthanpaintinginAustralia.ItisolderthanpaintinginsouthernAfrica.Whatmakespeoplethinkcertainpaintingswereconnectedwithmagical-religiousactivities?Thepaintingswereincaveentrances.Thepaintingswereinhard-to-reachplaces.Thepaintingswereobviouslymoreattractive.Thepaintingsweresimilartothoseingalleries.Whyarehumanfiguresrarelyfoundinthecavepainting?Humanfigurescouldimprovetheirhuntingluck.Humanfiguresweretoodifficulttodrawatthattime.Thedrawingsofhumanfigureswerebelievedtocausedeath.Thedrawingsofhumanfiguresdifferfromthoseofcontemporarypeople.Whichbestrepresentshunters’attitudetodeerintheUpperPaleolithicperiod?Huntersdidnotfeardeerasmuchasmammoths.Huntersdidn’thuntdeerbecauseoftheirsizeandspeed.Huntersavoideddeerbecauseoftheirnaturalweapons.Hunterspreferreddeer’smeattothoseofotheranimals.DAdultsareoftenembarrassedaboutaskingforaid.It’sanactthatcanmakepeoplefeelvulnerable.Themomentyouaskfordirections,yourevealthatyouarelost.Seekingassistancecanfeellikeyouarebroadcastingyourincompetence.Newresearchsuggestsyoungchildrendon’tseekhelpinschool,evenwhentheyneedit,forthesamereason.Ithasrevealedthatyoungstersasyoungasagefivecaredeeplyaboutthewayothersthinkaboutthem.learnmoreabouthowchildrenthinkaboutreputation,weasked576children,agesfourtonine,topredictthebehavioroftwocharactersinastory.Oneofthecharactersgenuinelywantedtobesmart,andtheothermerelywantedtoseemsmarttoothers.Inthestudy,wetoldchildrenthatbothcharactersdidpoorlyonatest.thenaskedwhichofthesecharacterswouldbemorelikelytoraisetheirhandinfrontoftheirclasstoasktheteacherforhelp.Thefour-year-oldswereequallylikelytochooseeitherofthetwocharactersastheonewhowouldseekhelp.Butbyagesevenoreight,childrenthoughtthatthecharacterwhowantedtoseemsmartwouldbelesslikelytoaskforassistance.Andchildren’sexpectationsweretruly“reputational”innature—theywerespecificallythinkingabouthowthecharacterswouldactinfrontofpeers.Whenassistancecouldbesoughtprivately(onacomputerratherthaninperson),childrenthoughtbothcharacterswereequallylikelytoaskforit.Whenchildrenthemselvesaretheonesstruggling,itseemsquitepossiblethey,too,mightavoidseekingouthelpwhenothersarepresent,givenourfindings.Theirunwillingnesscouldseriouslyslowacademicprogress.08/1107/11/Suchreputationalbarrierslikelyrequirereputation-basedsolutions.Teacherscouldgivechildrenmoreopportunitiestoaskhelpprivatelybymakingthemselvesavailabletostudentsforone-on-oneconversations.Teachersshouldhelpstudentsconsideraskingquestionsinfrontofothersasnormal,positivebehavior.Parentscouldpointouthowachild’squestionkickedoffavaluableconversationinwhichtheentirefamilygottotalkandlearntogether.Adultscouldpraisekidsforseekinghelp.Theseresponsessendastrongsignalthatotherpeoplevalueawillingnesstoaskforaidandthatseekinghelpispartofapathtosuccess.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inparagraph1probablymean?Helpful. B.C.D.Lost.Whyarechildrenunwillingtoaskforhelpinfrontofothers?Theycareabouttheirreputation. B.Theywanttolearnfromtheadults.C.Theyworryaboutothers’emotions. D.Theycansolvetheproblemindependently.Whatarechildrenaskedtodointhestudy?pretendtobesmart. B.findoutwhichcharacterissmarter.C.chooseacharactertheylike. D.predictwhowouldaskforhelppublicly.Whichofthefollowingcanbeawaytosolvereputationalbarriers?Parentskeepaskingkidsmorequestions.Teachersdiscourageaskingforhelpprivately.Adultsconsideraskingquestionspubliclyworthwhile.Teachersreduceone-on-oneconversationswithstudents.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Sometimes,youjusthavetoletitallout.Thereismuchtocomplainaboutthesedays.Venting(发泄)canbecomfortable,bondingandevenproductive.Whoneedstoxicpositivity(毒鸡汤)whenyoucanunloadyourwayforward?36Complaintothewrongpersonandyourhurtfeelingsandminorcomplaintbecometeamgossip.Complaintoooftenandyou’llaffectthewholeofficewithyourcomplaints,makingyourco-workerstoventaboutyou.Suddenly,you’reintrouble.There’sarightwaytoblowoffsteam.Ifyoumustairyourannoyances,dosocarefullyandconsciously.Don’tventtoyourboss,ortocolleaguesbelowyouintheorganization.Thatwilljustsparkfightingbetweenteams.37Thispersonshouldnotbeinvolvedinthesituationthatbothersyou.Yourcomplaintshouldbecentredaroundyourself.38Keepyourcommentsaboutco-workersandbossesobjective.Forexample,insteadofsaying,“Bobwasrude,”notethatBobinterruptedyou,andthatmadeyoufeellikehedoesn’thaveconfidenceinyourwork.39AnythingwrittenwillalwaysbePlayitsafeandtryventingtoyourselffirstinavoiceintoyourphone.Playitbackprivately.Askyourself,“DoIsoundridiculous?”Thenhitdelete.Iusedtocomplainabouteverythingonmysocial-mediaaccounts.Itreateditlikeadiary.I/09/11/keptgettinginvolvedinonlinearguments.40ExposingmydeepestemotionstostrangersonlyraisedmyIquitsocialmedia.Irediscoveredthejoyofscreaminginmybedroomandscrawling乱涂乱画)inajournal.There’savisceral发自肺腑的)feelingoftheangertranslatingoutthroughmyhands.Picksomeoneyoutrust.Focusonhowyou’refeeling.canberisky,though.Keepitoff-screenifyoucan.Pretendeverythingissunny.IrealizedIfeltmorenegativeemotions.Therearetimeswhenonlyaventwilldo.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)ABCDThirteencanbeachallengingage.NotonlydidIhaveto41mychangingbody,Ialsohadtodealwiththe42movefrommycountryhometoacrowdedsuburb.Whenwemoved,mybeloved43,asmallbrownpony,hadtobesold.Feelingalone,Icouldn’teatorsleep.Imissedmyfriendsandmypony.Myfatherrealizedthatand44anoldhorseformeinthemarket.InamedhimCowboy.Cowboywaswithoutadoubtthe45horseintheworld,andhewaspigeon-toedandknock-kneed.ButIdidn’t46hisfaults.Ilovedhimbeyondallreason.Ijoinedaridingcluband47rudecommentsaboutCowboy’slooks.IneverrevealedhowIfelt,butdeepdowninside,myheartwasbreaking.This48experiencemademedeterminedtodosomething.AndthenIrealizedthatmyonlychanceto49wouldbeinthetimed-speedevents.Ichosebarrelracing（绕桶比赛）.ForthewholenextmonthIwokeupearlyeveryday,rodeCowboyfivemilestothearena比赛场),andwe50forhoursinthehotsun.Myturn51came.Atthesignal,wedashedtowardthefirstbarrel,quicklywhippedarounditandwithperfectprecisionroundedthesecondandthunderedontothethird.Wetorearoundthefinalcurveandshotforthe52line.Nocheersfilledtheair.Theendofourrunwasmetwithsurprised53.Withthesoundofmyheartpoundinginmyears,Iheardthe54callourtime.CowboyandIhadbeatenotherfancyhorses!Igainedmuchmorethanablueribbonthatday.Atthirteen,Irealizedthatnomatterwhatthedifficulties,I’dalwayscomeouta55ifIwantedsomethingbadlyenoughtoworkforit.Icanbethemasterofmyowndestiny.41.A.worryaboutB.adapttoC.controlD.stretch42.A.upsettingB.excitingC.smoothD.wrong43.A.leaderB.idolC.companionD.follower44.A.borrowedB.donatedC.drewD.purchased45.A.shortestB.ugliestC.strongestD.sweetest10/1107/8/46.A.pointoutB.holdbackC.lookintoD.careabout47.A.receivedB.madeC.discussedD.explained48.A.rewardingB.similarC.pleasantD.bitter49.A.competeB.learnC.doubtD.withdraw50.A.waitedB.restedC.farmedD.practiced51.A.graduallyB.slowlyC.finallyD.secretly52.A.startingB.finishingC.centralD.straight53.A.smilesB.applauseC.silenceD.tears54.A.audienceB.announcerC.competitorsD.guests55.A.dreamerB.supporterC.winnerD.partner第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，总分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。Inmid-Septemberin2022,tohonorthe110thanniversaryofthebirthofnuclearphysicistChien-shiung,56globalonlineconferencewasheldtomarkthisanniversary.ComparedwithphysicistssuchasMarieCurie,isnotahouseholdnameinChinaorintheUnitedStates,57shewasoneofthemostinfluentialnuclearphysicistsofthe20thcentury.wasbornonMay31,1912,inLiuhetown,58theRiverflowsintotheEastSea.father,Zhongyi,receivedamodern59(educate)inShanghai,andin1913,60(found)thefirstschoolforgirlsinHeaimed61(break)theoldsexistadvocacythatitwaswomen’svirtuetohavenotalents.Thefather,absorbingthemeritsofideaswhilebearingthegreatthoughtsrooteddeepinChinesecultureinmind,hadthemostprofoundinfluence62Chien-shiung’slife.ShespentmostofherlifeintheUS,hescientificworlddominatedbymen,shenevergaveuporloweredherstandardsevenif63(unequal)treated.Duringher44-yearcareerasanuclearphysicist,great64(achievement)wonhernicknamessuchas“ChineseMadameCurie”.ShewasthefirstwomantobepresidentofAmericanPhysicalSociety,andthefirstfemalewinneroftheComstockPrizeinphysics65(give)bytheUSNationalAcademyofSciences.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)学校英文报正在开展以MeansofTransportationChoice为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，