高中名词性从句讲解及练习

名词性从句主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从句统称为名词性从句。这四种从句与主句间不用逗号。一．名词性从句连接词的选用可分为三类：that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，不充当成分，也没有实际意义。Thathewillcomeiscertain.Ithinkthathe'llbeallrightinafewdays.ThefactisthatIhaveneverbeenthere.Thefactthatshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.2.whether/if在名词性从句中有“是否”之意，但不充当成分。附Whether/if区分：在宾语从句中可互换，但介词和discuss后的宾语从句用whether;其它名词性从句用whether；可以说whethertodo但不能说iftodo;可说whether/ifornot,whetherornot，不能说ifornot.Whethershe'scomingornotdoesn'tmattertoomuch.Iwonderwhether/ifitistrue.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.Idon'tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.（不能用ifornot）Idon't'knowif/whethertheywillcomeornot.另外别忘了if可引导条件状语从句。试比较：Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.3.其它连接词的选用遵循：“缺什么，补什么”的原则。缺状语，补连接副词where,when,why,how;缺主语，宾语，表语，定语，补连接代词：who,whom,what,which,whose.Whereshehasgoneisnotknownyet.\Whyhediditwasn'tquiteclear.Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.Idon'tknowwherewearegoingtohavethemeeting.Pleasetellmewhenweshalldiscussourworkplan.Thisiswhyheislate.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.Ireallydon'tknowwhatheisdoing.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.Doyouknowwho/whomtheyarewaitingfor.Heaskedwhosedictionaryitwas.二．名词性从句应该注意的。1.名词性从句用陈述语序。注意whatisthematterwith被看作陈述语序。如：Doyouknowwhatisthematterwithhim不能用Doyouknowwhatthematteriswithhim同位语从句和定语从句的区分：同位语从句对其前边的名词起解释补充说明,可译为“既;那就是”;定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用,译为“-…的”；that引导的定语从句在从句中要充当成分,作宾语，表语可省略;而that引导的同位语从句只起引导作用，不充当成分，不能省略.Thesuggestion(that)ourteachergaveussoundsOK.ThesuggestionthatweshouldarrangeourtimescientificallysoundsOK.Thenews(that)youheardisnottrue.ThenewsthatLincolnwasmurderedatatheatreistrue.Thefactthatyoupointedoutmademeinterested.Thefactthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.3.名词性从句中的what可改为定语从句thething(s)/person(s)that；4.whatever可改为anythingthat,whoever可改为anyonewhoTheyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeat.=Theyarecarefulaboutthethingsthattheyeat.Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.=Heisnottheonethatheusedtobe.HewouldbelievewhateverIsaid.=HewouldbelieveanythingthatIsaid.Whoeverleavestheroomlastshouldturnoffthelight.=Anyonewholeavestheroomlastshouldturnoffthelight.wh-ever和nomatterwh-区分：引导让步状语从句，wh-ever可换为nomatterwh-,引导名词性从句则不能。如：WhateverIsaid,hewouldn'tlistentome.=NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn'tlistentome.名词性从句中that的省略：宾语从句中的that可以省略，但并列的宾语从句只有第一个从句的that可以省略，第二个从句和第二个以后的that不能省；it作形式宾语的宾语从句that不能省;介词后的宾语从句的that不能省；表语从句中的that和it作形式主语的主语从句的that在口语中偶有省略。同位语从句中的that不能省略。reason或cause作主语以及why引导的主语从句作主语，其后的表语从句连接词不用because，常用that，而且since和as不能引导表语从句。Whyfarmlandhereisbeinglostisthatfarmershavecutdowntoomanytreesinrecentyears.Thereasonforhisbeingabsencefromtheconferencewasthathewasdelayedbytheaccident.8.宾语从句：be+sure/certain/glad/pleased/satisfied/surprised等也可接宾语从句。I'mnotsurewhatIshoulddo.I'mafraidyoudon'tunderstandwhatIsaid.宾语从句否定的转移：主句的主语是一人称，谓语是think、believe、suppose、expect、imagine等，对从句的否定习惯上要转移到主句上，))并且其反义疑问句要和从句保持一致。Idon'tthinkyouareright,areyouIdon'tbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet,havethey宾语从句后有宾语补足语要用it作形式宾语。Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.8.注意it作形式主语的主语从句和强调句的区分。练习Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.whyB.whatC.whoD.thatAssoonashecomesback,I'lltellhimwhenandseehim.A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucomeintheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.ItrequiresElephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectanditisroughorsmooth.？A./B.whetherC.howD.whichIwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognizesillymistakesIhadmade.A.whatB.thatC.howD.whichIlikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.oneYouaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisIdisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.howAmoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereAstorygoesElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.thatTheotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetatIthoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.thatAlongwiththeletterwashispromisehewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherItisprettywellunderstoodcontrolstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.what.Dhow一Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame--Oh,that's.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcitedmadetheschoolproudwasmorethan90percentofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;becauseWhenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlyhewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.thatThere'safeelinginmewe'llneverknowwhataUFOis.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.whenI'lltellthemcametoseethemlastMonday.A.whoeverB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoTheyarejustcollegegraduatesanddon'trealizetostartandrunacompany.}A.whattakesitB.whattheytakeC.whattakesthemD.whatittakesHisincometodayisdoubleitwasfiveyearsago.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.asWhenitwasclearshedidnotspeakawordofEnglish,ItriedtotalktoherusingtheSpanishIlearnedwhilelivinginEurope.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.howAfterseemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntohavetheinterview.A.thatB.itC.what.DallAllthepeoplearoundtheworldhavethesamesimpledreamtheywillalwaysliveinpeaceandcomfort.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whenwordsIusecannotexpressmyappreciationofyourtimelyhelp.A.WhateverB.HowmanyC.NomatterwhatD.Whichever-Doesitmattermuchthesalesmanagerwon'tattendthemeetingtomorrow--I'venoidea.A.ifB.whatC.whenD.thatEnergyismakesthingswork.A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.thatThemanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow.A.didthequarrelcameoutB.thequarrelhadcomeaboutC.thequarrelhascomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeaboutDavelosthisjobandwasshortofmoney,sohisflatandmoveinwithhisbrother.《A.thathedidwastosellB.whathedidwassellC.whathedidsoldD.whathedidwassellcameagroupofNewZealandguestswillcometovisitourschoolnextTuesday.A.thatB.whichC./D.aboutwhichTheyhavenoideaatall.A.whatheisworkingonB.whatisheworkingonC.whatdidheworkonD.whatheisworking一Irangyouataboutnine,buttherewasnoreply.--Oh,thatwasprobablyIwasseeingthedoctor.A.whyB.when.CwhatD.that)DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That'swhyshehasmadeuphermindnottoleavehimhappens.A.Whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whateverC.Nomatterwhat;nomatterwhatD.Whatever;howeverisBritainnowusedtobethreedifferentcountriesandovermanyyearsthethreecountriesbecameone.A.ItB.WhatC.WhereD.AsThereisacommonbeliefamongthemrubbishcanandshouldbeputtogooduse.A.whichB.ifC.whetherD.that-Wouldyoutellmeyouwantyourtea,withsugarormilk--Sugar,please.A.whetherB.whenC.whatD.how-Whataboutyourhistorytest？--I'veansweredallthequestions,butI'mnotsureI'vegotthemallright.A.whatB.howC.whetherD.whysurprisedmemostwassuchalittleboycouldplayfootballsowell.A.What;thatB.That;whatC.What;whetherD.That;whyHeisknownasahacker---helikesshowingoffontheInternetandattackwebsitesA.whoB.whatC.thatD.themanThatwaswasknown“thetheoryofrelativity”.A.what;likeB.what;asC.which;likeD.which;astheworkersinsistedonwasthattheymoretimetodoit.A.That;mustbegivenB.What;shouldbegivenC.Whether;wouldbegivenD.Which;weregiven&Thereasonshegavefornotbeingpresentwastheheavysnowpreventedhercoming.A./;becauseB.why;becauseC./;thatD.why;whetherI'msatisfiedshouldbedonehasalreadybeendone.A.withwhatB.thatwhatC.bywhatD.thatMyhometownisnotitusedtotenyearsago.A.when;doB.what;doC.when;beD.what;be60.60.ThereasonIhavetogoismymotherisillinbed.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;becauseHissuggestiontoseetheartexhibitioneveryoneofus.A.thatwego;interestedB.whichweshouldgo;interestedC.thatwewouldgo;interestD.wewouldgo;beinterestedinHeoftenthinksofhecandomoreforhiscountry.A.whatB.howC.thatD.whichHegotangrywithwasagainsthisopinion.A.whomB.whoC.whoeverD.anyoneIdon'tknow.A.whatwasthematteroutsideB.whatthematteroutsidewasC.whatwashappenedoutsideD.whathadhappenedoutsideHehascome,butIdidn'tknowthatheuntilyesterday.A.iscomingB.willcomeC.wascomingD.wasn'tcomingHeaskedfortheviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaidYouhavenoideathosedays.A.thatwewerehowbusyBhowbusywereweC.thathowwewerebusyD.howbusywewereJackwassoontoldhedidwasnotnecessary.A.whyB.thatC.howD.whywhatIt'swellknownapersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.A.thatBwhatC.howD.thatwhat,whenandhow53.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.54.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisshecouldn'tunderstandwasfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlesson.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;thatLittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmasterhehaddonethedaybefore.A.thatB.howC.whereD.whatyoudon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.D.WhetherA.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.WhetherWhatthedoctorsreallydoubtisseriousdiseasesoon.mymotherwillrecoverfromtheWhatthedoctorsreallydoubtisseriousdiseasesoon.mymotherwillrecoverfromtheA.whenB.howC.whetherD.whyA.whenB.howC.whetherD.why59.isnopossibilityBobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.A.There;thatB.It;thatC.There;whetherD.It;whether4.75.76.Icantosavethem.61.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddoIcantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whicheverA.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whicheverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.D.WhoD.whatD.wherethereD.WhoD.whatD.wherethereIrememberthisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.whenB.howC.whereGoandgetyourcoat.It'syouleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhere)---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---IsthatyouhadafewdaysoffA.whyB.whenC.whatD.whereTheyhavenoideaatall.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegoneNoonecanbesureinamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlikeisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.[A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD._lt---Ithinkit'sgoingtobeabigproblem.---Yes,itcouldbe.---lwonderwecandoaboutit.A.ifB.howC.whatD.thatPerseveranceisakindofqualityandthat'sittakestodoanythingwell.A.whatB.thatbesenttoworkthereA.WhodoyousuggestA.whatB.thatbesenttoworkthereA.WhodoyousuggestC.DoyousuggestwhoshouldWhodoyousuggestthatshouldD.DoyousuggestwhomshouldEatcakeyoulikeandleavetheothersforcomesinlate.A.any;whoB.every;whoeverwhichever;whoeverD.either;whoeverThereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecarsroadconditionneed.A._that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improvingSomeofthescientistsheldthepoint____thebooksaidwasright.A.whatwhatB.whatthatC.thatthatD.thatwhat

77.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjustworriesthepublic.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what78.Thereislittledoubtheradviceisofgreatervaluetous.79.A.thatB.whetherC.whyD.ofWecan'tbelievethathedrewsuchabigconclusionaccordingtohetookforgranted.A.asB.thatC.whatD.itwearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.WhetherTheboydivedintothewaterandafterseemedtobealongtime,hecameupagain.A.whatB.thatC.itD.whichThethoughtLaoGaowouldopenaSichuanrestaurantinLosAngelessurprisedhiswife.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if84.>Pleasetellmeyouwantyourcoffee,blackorwhite85.A.whatB.whenC.whetherD.howwecanpassthecomingexaminationwillmainlydependonwelearnandwelearnit.A.Whether;what;howB.That;whether;whyC.If;how;thatWhy;that;howpeoplespendsomuchmoneyontheirpetsusalot.A.That;surprisesB.What;surprisingC.How;aresurprisedD.That;issurprisedWebelieveyouhavebeendevotedtonaturallyofgreatnecessity.A.That;beingB.allthat;beC.thatall;areD.what;isAlthoughmostofthemhavenodoubthewillpasstheexam,Istillthinkthereissomethingabouthehasreallygoteverythingready.A.whether;thatB.that;whetherC.that;thatD.whether;whether90.Isthisbookyouboughtyesterday91.A.thatB.whenC.theonewhatD.theoneIsthisthebookyouboughtyesterdayA.whatB.theoneC.oneD.thatIreadaboutitinsomebookorother.DoesitmatteritwasA.whereB.whatC.howD.whichwecan'tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;whatSarahhopestobecomeafriendofsharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho96.muchadviceIgavehim,hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo.97.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.NomatterItworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.forwe'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.ThatC.WhereD.WhetherThepooryoungmanisreadytoaccepthelphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.wheneverSomeresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubtacureforAIDSwillbefound.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether102.Theyreceivedorderstheworkbedoneatonce.103.A.whichB.whenC./D.thatRoselookspale.WhatdoyouthinktoherA.thathashappenedB.tohavehappenedC.thathasbeenhappenedD.hashappenedHedoesn'tthinkthequestionoftheyaremenorwomenisimportant.A.whetherB.ifC.whichD.whyAmericawaswasfirstcalled“India”byColumbus.A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhereItwasinforeigncountryIfelt,forthefirsttimeinmylife,regretfulIwasaboutthetimewastedplayingaround.%A.where;thatB.that;howC.that;whichD.where;howWiththedevelopmentofmodernelectricalengineering,wecansendpowertoitisneeded.A.howeverB.wheneverC.whereverD.whichever'sknowntousthereispollution,thereisharm.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.thatwhere101.mannersareveryimportantineverycountryisknowntoallbutthetroubleisdifferentcountrieshavedifferentideasaboutgoodmannersare.A.That;that;whatB.That;what;whatC.What;that;that;what;that102.shewillcomeornotisnoteasytosay.A.ThatB.WhenC.IfD.WhetherHisexcusefornotbeingabletocomehereontimeisthetrainwaslate.A.whyB.ifC.howD.thatIhavenoideahehasbeen.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.thatHeaskedmethegreencapwas.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.whatItlookseverythingwasinorder.A.thatB.whereC.asifD.howItmakesnodifference.A.thatwhowillgowithmeB.whywilltheystayC.whenyouwillleaveD.thathowyougetthereMikealwaysthinksofhedoesgooddeedsforothers.A.thatB.ifC./D.howWhichofthefollowingisrightA.Itistruewhathesaidatthemeeting.B.Whathesaidatthemeetingistrue.Hehadbeenchosenmadeushappy.D.Aman'sworthliesnotsomuchinwhathehasasinheis.Thereisoftenenoughinformationonthecardtotellyouornot.A.ifthebookwillbeusefulB.whetherwillthebookbeusefulifwillthebookbeusefulD.wherethetroubleisItwasquitetruehehaddonemadehisparentsangry.A.whatB.allwhatC.thatwhatD.whatthat|Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereItwasfiveo'clockintheafternoontheyclimbeduptothetopofthemountain.A.thatB.untilC.whenD.sinceThefactpuzzledJackmuchhehasbeenunabletopassthedrivingtestuptonow.A.whyB.becauseC.howD.thatJaneandTimstillrememberthatitwas,theirparents,whoencouragedthemtocontinuetheeducation.A.thoseB.whoC.theyD.whom116.Howcloseparentsaretotheirchildrenastrongeffectonthecharacterofthechildren.A.haveB.havingC.hasD.tohave117.isknowntousallisthatChinahaslaunchedShenzhouspaceshipsuccessfully.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.As118.isknowntousallthatChinahaslaunchedShenzhouspaceshipsuccessfully.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.Asisreallygoodnewstousiswewillseeanexcitingfilminsteadoftakingpartinanexam.

A.It;thatB.What;howC.It;howD.What;thatTheboydivedintothew