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年州市初中毕生学业考试

说明本卷页,小题满分.试时分.注事:1.答题前,考生务必在答题卡用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写准考证号、姓名、试室号、座位号,再用铅把试室号、座位号的对应数字涂黑..选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应答案选项涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再重新选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上..非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效..考生必须保持答题卡的整洁.考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回..本试卷不用装订,考完后统一交县招生办(中招办)封存.参公:次函数

yax

的对称轴是直线

=

b2a

,顶点坐标是(

b2,24一、选择题:每小题分,共分.每小题给出四个案,其中只有一个是正确的..下各组数中,互为相反数的是()A2和

11B.-和-22

.-2-D.2和

12.如图1的何体的俯视图是()图

A

B.

C.

D..列事件中,必然事件是()A.任意掷一枚均匀的硬币,正面朝上B.黑暗中从一串不同的钥匙中随意摸出一把,用它打开了门C.通常情况下,水往低处流D.上学的路上一定能遇到同班同学.如图2所,圆O的AB垂平半径.则四边形()A是正形是长形C.是形D.上答案都不对

图.一列货运火车从梅州站出发,匀加速行驶一段时间后开始匀速行驶,过了一段时,火车到达下一个车站停下装完货后火车又匀加速行驶一时间后再次开始匀速行驶,那么可以近似地刻画出火车在这段时间内的速度变化情况的是()

二、填空题:每小题分,共分..算:

1()2

.7.

如图,要测量A、B两间距离,在O点桩,取OA的点,

图OB的点D,得CD=30米则AB米..如,点到∠两的距离相等,若=30°则∠度.图.如,AB是O的径,=70°,则∠A度.

·10函数

y

1x

的自变量

的取值范围是_..某校年级二班名生的年龄情况如下表所示:年龄人数

图5则该班学生年龄的中位数________从该班随机地抽取一人,抽到学生的年龄恰好是岁的概率等于_______.已知线mx与曲线y

kx

的一个交点的标为(-1-2;

=____;们的另一个交点坐标.13观察下列等式:①-1=4×2②

-2

=4×3③

-3

=4×4④()

-()=()(……则第个等式_.第n个式为_____是整数)三解下各:题10小,81分.解应出字明推过或算骤.题分7分如图,已知

1111(1的等于.(2)将△ABC向平移个单位到______;

,则点的对应点(3若将△ABC绕按时针方向旋转90后得到

AB

,则A点应点

的坐标是_..题分7分右图是我国运动员在年、年年三届奥运会上获得奖牌数的统计图.请你根据统计图提供的信息,回答下列问题:(1在1996年年、这三届奥运会上,我国运动员获得奖牌总数最多的一届奥运会________年.(2在1996年、2000年这三届奥运会上运员共获奖_枚.(3)据以上统计,预测我国运动员在年运会上能获得的奖牌总数大约为枚..题分7分解分式方程:

..题分7分如图所,在长和宽分别是

a

的矩形纸片的四个角都剪去一个边长为的方形.用,b表示纸片剩部分的面积;当=6,b且剪去部分的面积等于剩余部分的面积时,求正方形的边长.

EF

.题分8分如图,四边形ABCD是平行四边形.O是角线AC的中点,过点O的线分别交ABDC于点E、,与、延长线分别交于点G、.(1写出图中不全等的两个相似三角形(不要求证明(2除=,AD=,OAOC这三对相等的线段外,图中还有多相等的线段,请选出其中一对加以证明.图.题分8分如图所示,直线与坐标轴的交点坐标分别是(-,0,O是标系原点.(1求直线L所应的函数的达式;(2若以O为心,半径为的圆与直线L切,求的..题分8分已知关于的一元二次方程x-.…①若x是方程①的一个根,求的和方程①的另一根;对任意实数,判断方程①的根的情况,并明理由..题分8分

如图10所,E是方形ABCD的AB的动点,EF⊥DE交BC于F(1求证:∽;(2设方形的边长为,AE=

,BF

y

.当

取什么值时,

y

有最大求出这个最大值..题分10.“一方有难,八方支援.在抗“.汶川特大地震灾害中,某市组织辆汽车装运食品、药品、生活用品三种救灾物资共吨到灾民安置点.按计划20辆汽车都要装运每辆汽车只能装同一种救灾物资且必须装满据表提供的信息,解答下列问题:

物资种类食药生用品每辆汽车运载量(吨)64每吨所需运费(/吨)(1设装运食品的车辆数为

,装运药品的车辆数为

y

.求

y

的函数关系式;(2如装运食品的车辆数不少于5辆装药品的车辆数不少于4辆,那么车辆的安排有几种方案写出每种安排方案;(3在)的条件下,若要求总运费最少,应采用哪种安排方并求出最少总费..题分11分如图11所示,在梯形ABCD中,已知∥,AD⊥DBAD=CB=4以所直线为

轴,过D且垂直于AB的线为y轴建立平面直角坐标系.(1求的数及、D、C三的坐标(2求ADC三点的抛物线的解析式及其对称轴.(3P是抛物线的对称轴L上点使PDB为等腰三角形的点P有几个(必求点的标,只需说明理由)

111111参考答案与评分意见一、选择题:每小题分,共15分.每小题出四个答案,其中只有一个是正确的..C;2.A;3C;4;5B.二、填空题:每小题分,共分..2.

.60

.x>1

11岁12m=2k=2(12分1362

-4

(1分22

=4×()(分三解答下列各题本题有10小题共81分解答应写出文字说推过程或演算步骤..题分7分如图,已知ABC:(1的等于_.(2)若将ABC向右平移2个单位得到△

,则

A

点的对应点

A

的坐标______;(3将△绕点按顺时针方向旋转

0后得到

C

,则A点对应点A的坐是.解110.···································分(2,····················································································

(3,·························································································7分.题分7分右图是我国运动员在年、2000年年届奥运会上获得奖牌数的统计图.请你根据统计图提供的信息,回答下列问题:(1在年、、2004这三届奥运会上,我国运动员获得奖牌总数最多的一届奥运会_年(2年2000年年这三届奥运会上,我国运动员共获奖牌枚(3根以上统计预我国运动员在年运会上能获得的奖牌总数大约为_________.解1年;··················2(2172;························································································4分(3.························································································7分

,,(注:预数字在64~83的得3分,84得2,~103得分大于或小于的得0分).题分7分解分式方程:

.解方程两边同乘以

-2,得1-

+2(

)=1········································2分即x+2-4=1,··············································································解得x=4·······················································································经检验,是方程的根.····························································.本满分7分如图所示长和宽分别是

a

b

的矩形纸片的四个角都剪去一个边长为

的正方形.··············································································································用a,b,表示纸片剩余部分的面积;当=6,b且剪去部分的面积等于剩余部分的面积时,求正方形的边长.解1-;·····································2分(2依题意有:-4将=6,b,代入上式,得

2分2=3,·········6分解得

x舍去)

.·················7分即正方形的边长为

图.题分8分如图,四边形

是平行四边形.O是对角线

的中点,过点

O

的直线

EF

分别交、于

E

F

,与CBAD延长线分别交于点、.(1写出图中不全等的两个相似三角形(不要求证明(2除=,AD=,OAOC这三对相等的线段外,图中还有多相等的线段,请选出其中一对加以证明.解1AEH与DFH·······························(或

,或

,或

DFH与

)(2)=.·················································3分证:∵四边形是平行四边形,AB∥,·····························EAOAOE

,··································,···································6分∴

COF

,·······························OE.············································8分(意此有种法选外对,此准

图分.题分8分如图所示,直线L与坐标轴的交点坐标分别是A(-3,0(04是标原点.

1212(1求直线L所应的函数的达式;(2若以O为心,半径为的与直线L相切,求R的.解1设所求为

y

=

kx

+

.·································································1分将A-3,0(0)的坐标代入,得

······································2分解得

=4,

=

43

.·································3所求为

y

=

43

.··································分(2设切点为P,OP则⊥AB,=Rt中,OA,OB,得AB=5,························································6分因为,

122

得·································································=

125

.·································································································8分(本题可用相似三角形求解).题分8分已知关于的一元二次方程x2-2=0①.若

是这个方程的一个根,求

的值和方程①的另一根;对任意的实数

,判断方程①的根的情况,并说明理由.解1

是方程①的一个根,所以1+

-2=0,····································1分解得

=1.·····················································································方程为2,解得,x,x.所以方程的另一根为.····································································4分(2

=m2+8,····································································5分因为对于任意实数

20,·····························································6分所以

2

,····················································································所以对于任意的实数

,方程①有两个不相等的实数根.·························8分.题分8分如图10所,E是方形ABCD的AB的动点,EF⊥DE交BC于点.(1求证:

;(2设正方形的边长为4AE=,BFy当x取么值时,y最大?并出这个最大值.证:(1因为是正方形,所以∠∠=

所以∠ADE+∠DEA=

,·······················1分又EF⊥,所以AED+=,························································2所以∠ADE=∠FEB,················································································3分所以

ADE∽

BEF···············································································(2解:由()

ADE∽

,=4,BE

,得4

,得························································································5分y

=

14

11()[2)(x4

,·································6分所以当x=2时有大值,···································································7分y

的最大值为1····················································································.题分10.“一方有难,八方支援.在抗“.汶川特大地震灾害中,某市组织辆汽车装运食品、药品、生活用品三种救灾物资共吨到灾民安置点.按计划20辆汽车都要装运每辆汽车只能装同一种救灾物资且必须装满据表提供的信息,解答下列问题:

物资种类食药品生活用品每辆汽车运载量(吨)654每吨所需运费(/吨)120100(1设装运食品的车辆数为

,装运药品的车辆数为

y

.求

y

的函数关系式;(2如装运食品的车辆数不少于5辆装药品的车辆数不少于4辆,那么车辆的安排有几种方案写出每种安排方案;(3在)的条件下,若要求总运费最少,应采用哪种安排方并求出最少总费.解1根据题意,装运食品的车辆数为装运药品的车辆数为,那么装运生活用品的车辆数为

(

.··················································1分则有

4(20)100

,····························································2分整理得,

20x

.··········································································(2由()知,装运食品,药品,生活品三种物资的车辆数分别为

,由题意,得

x,20x≥

··········································································4分解这个不等式组,得

·······························································。5分因为

为整数,所以

的值为5,78所以安排方案有种:····················方案一:装运食品辆、药品10辆生用品5辆·································。5分方案二:装运食品辆、药品辆生活用品6辆·······································6分方案三:装运食品辆、药品辆生活用品7辆··································6。5分方案四:装运食品辆、药品辆生活用品8辆······································(3)设总运费为W(元则

W

=6

×120+5

)×160+4

.·························8

最小11223234最小1122323445因为,以W值随x的大而减小.································。5分要使总运费最少,需W小,则.··················································9故选方案4···············································································。5分

=16000-480×8=12160元.·······················································10分最少总运费为12160元.题分11分如图11所,在梯形中已知CD,ADDB,AD=DC=CBAB.以AB所直线为轴,过且直于的直线为y轴立平面角坐标系.(1求的数及、D、C三的坐标(2求过A、、C三的抛物线的解析式及其对称轴L.(3P是抛物线的对称轴L上点么必求点P的坐标,只需说明理由)

为等腰三角形的点有几不解()

DCAB,=DC=,

∠CDB=∠,···············0。5∠DAB=∠CBA∠=2∠,∠∠DBA,

∠DAB=60,·······。5分∠DBA,,DC=AD=2

·········2分t

AOD=1,OD=

3

,·····················2。分

A(-,00

3

(2,

3

(2据抛物线和等腰梯形的对称性知满条件的抛物线必过点(-1,(3故可设所求为

y=a(x-3)·····················································将点(,

3

)的坐标代入上式得,

a

=

33

.所求抛物线的解析式为

33

(xx

····································其对称轴L为线

=1.··········································································(3为等腰三角形,有以下三种情况:①因直线L与DB不平行DB的直平分线与L有一个交点,PD=,

PDB等腰三角形;···········································································②因为以D为圆心,DB为径的圆与直线L有个点、,DB=,DP,

PDB,

PDB等腰三角形;③与②同理L上有两个点P、P,得=BP,BDBP.···················10分由于以上各点互不重合,所以在直线上使

为等腰三角形的点P5个.

2021年考备考指1中考最后20天,用有限的时间把学习效率最大化一分钟学一分钟,不要30秒是看书,另外30秒是发呆。2、加强你的接受能力和专注程度中考最后20天是攻坚战,拼的不只是学习知识。3、如果感觉很多知识“跟不上”,回过头把初二知识理一理。同时在这里告诫初二学生,初二基本是分水岭,一定要重视初二知识的学习。4、中考马上就到,学校里一些学生会说“对数学这门科目没兴趣……怎么办”,我只想说还有30天就中考了你却说你对数学没兴趣所以要摆正学习态度,没兴趣不是理由!5、如果文科的秘籍是多听、多背、多,那么数学就是要多练、多整理错题就不用多说了,为什么整理错题这么重要?因为初中数学题目你是做不完的,关注题型、关注你不会的,把错的做对,那么你的数学成绩就没有问题。6如果你平常只能考一般分数那么你掌握的基础知识还可以,是考试不仅考基础题,还考综合题压轴题所以最后一定要加强综合训练尤其是要给自己营造出一种紧张的考试氛围,在规定时间内进行综合训练。7、中考最20要克服粗心的毛病,培养坚持到底的毅力。最后的关键时刻,谁坚持到最后,谁就是赢家,考完以后再回首你会觉得幸亏自己懂得及时。8最后这段时间学习计划更重要每天列出需要完成的任务不要只会“刷题”,这样学习效率会更高,你也会在完成任务的成就感中更加喜欢学习。9、要明白到底什么是“会”和“不会”。很多同学拿到试卷后看到错题第

一反应就是“我粗心”如果问“1加1等于几?”,最差的初三学生都知道等于2,这跟知识点的熟练度相关以要明白“懂”不代表会分数拿不到就是不会。粗心只是因为你做得还不够,熟练程度还没达到!10、中考实际上是对你学习能力、心理素质、抗压能力、协调能力等综合能力的考查,所以一定要注意综合发展,别只会傻傻“刷题”。11、学习是一个连续的过程。即使明天中,也别忘了学习计划的实施。到现在还没有一个属于自己的计划?更要好好反思,可以跟老师好好讨论给自己制订一个科学的复习计划!12、不久后你会参加中,后你还会面对高,会上也有各种考试等着你,要想取得好成绩,先要武装好自己括坚韧不拔的意志、不怕输的勇气、勇往直前的冲劲等,具备了这些精神品质,你将一往无前。语文备建议语文最容易得分的是理解性默写的题15分的题只要背下来记下来对字,就不成问题。基础题靠积累:中考,每天早自习抽出10分钟看一下易错字、易错读音、病句修改、文化常识,30天足够你对这些知识了然于胸考场上信手拈来。古诗词:一般情况下考一个选择,个分析题。中考古诗词都是课内,所以你对这些不会陌生。但是分析题不仅需要你有一定的语言组织能,还需要你把平常上课的语文笔记都背得滚瓜烂熟。这个需要时,但是如果你仍然不太熟悉的话,同理,每天复习两篇古诗词的笔记足够了。现代文阅读和作文这里不必多说因为一个月时间不仅不能提高你的作文和阅读能力,还会适得其反。

数学备建议建议各位在这天里,备60道二次函数压轴题和60道几何证明的大题。每天分析一道,做一道。那些一遍做对,析一下是哪种类型,几道同类型的,如果都能成功地pass掉,恭喜你,这个类型暂时没问题了!如果没做对,找一张A4,首行写题目,下面一步一步写过程。一道题用一张纸,不够可以改用八开纸每一步都写出来每个细节都不要放过每一步过程旁边用红笔写出这一步

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