英语新导学人教必修三全国版讲义Unit3PeriodOne

Thosebillionaires’firstjobsYourfirstjobusuallywon’tbeyourdreamjob.Nonetheless，youneverforgetit.Itintroducesyoutotheworkingworld，teachesyouhowtoworkhardforyourmoney，andoftengivesyouanideaofwhatyoudoanddon’twantfromyourcareer.FromwashingdishesataChineserestauranttoflippinghamburgersatMcDonald’s，here’swhatfivebillionairesdidintheirfirstjobs：1．Asateenager，BezosstartedworkingbehindthegrillatMcDonald’sduringthesummer.HisdadhadalsoworkedatMcDonald’sinthepast.Bezosthinksthemostchallengingthingiskeepingeverythinggoingattherightpaceduringarush.2．Thetechbillionairegothisstartintherestaurantbusiness.Attheageof12，DellworkedataChineserestaurantwashingdishes.AfterhelefttheChineserestaurant，DellworkedataMexicanrestaurant.3．WhileonafullscholarshipatTennesseeUniversity，themediamogulOprahworkedatagrocerystorenexttoherfather’sbarbershop.4．BloombergworkedasaparkinglotattendantatHarvardandJohnsHopkinsuniversitieswhilegettinghiscollegedegree.5．Buffettstarteddeliveringnewspapersonhisbicycleattheageof13.Duringhighschool，hemovedontohispinballmachinebusiness.那些亿万富翁们的首份工作你的第一份工作可能往往不是你的理想工作。尽管如此，你却永生难忘。正是这份工作把你引入了职场，教会你如何努力奋斗挣钱，而且让你学到在职业生涯中应该汲取或抛弃什么。以下是五个亿万富翁的首份工作，有的在中餐馆洗盘子，有的在麦当劳煎汉堡。1．十几岁的时候，亚马逊创始人贝佐斯开始在麦当劳打暑假工，工作是煎汉堡。他的父亲以前也是麦当劳的员工。贝佐斯认为这份工作最具挑战性的地方在于如何在一片繁忙的时候做到有条不紊。2．这位科技巨富的成功之路是从餐饮业开始的。戴尔创始人戴尔的第一份工作是在一家中餐馆洗盘子，那时他12岁。离开中餐馆之后，他去了一家墨西哥餐厅。3．获得了田纳西大学的全额奖学金后，这位日后的脱口秀女王奥普拉在她父亲理发店附近的杂货铺里开始了第一份工作。4．前纽约市市长布隆伯格大学毕业以后，在哈佛和约翰·霍普金斯大学的停车场当起了泊车小弟。5．股神巴菲特13岁的时候开始骑着自行车送报纸。高中时，他开始转做弹球机生意。PeriodOneWarmingUp&Reading—Pre-reading匹配左边的单词和右边的汉语意思[第一组]1．adventure A．漫游；漫步；漂泊2．phrase B．海湾3．wander C．短语；词组；惯用语4．pavement D．奇遇；冒险5．bay E．人行道答案1.D2.C3.A4.E5.B[第二组]6．fault A．大使馆；大使及其官员7．spot B．认为；说明；总计有；说明；理由；计算；账目8．passage C．过错；缺点；故障9．account D．船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段10．embassy E．发现；认出；斑点；污点；地点答案6.C7.E8.D9.B10.A[第三组]11．seek A．耐性；忍耐12．patience B．慈善(团体)；施舍13．contrary C．寻找；探索；寻求14．charity D．信封15．envelope E．反面；对立面；相反的；相违的答案11.C12.A13.E14.B15.DⅠ.WhoistheauthorofthenovelTheMillionPoundBankNote?Ⅱ.Whichcountrywashefrom?Ⅲ.Haveyoureadthenovelorseenthefilm?Ⅳ.Ifyouhave，whatdoyouthinkofit?Ⅴ.Ifyouweregivenamillionpoundbanknote，whatwouldyouliketodo?eq\x(Step1Fast-reading)Skimthetextandfillinthefollowingblanks.1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Thetextisastoryabouttworichbrothersmadeabetonwhatwouldhappentoapersonifhewasgivenamillionpoundbanknote，andtheyfoundHenryAdams，anAmericanbusinessman，whowaslostinLondon.2．Howmanycharactersarethereintheplay？Whoarethey?TherearefourcharactersintheplayandtheyareHenry，servant，OliverandRoderick.eq\x(Step2Careful-reading)Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1．Whydidthetwobrothersmakeabet?A．TheywantedtomakefunofHenry.B．TheywantedtorobHenryofsomemoney.C．TheywantedtoseewhetheramanwithamillionpoundbanknotecouldsurviveamonthinLondon.D．TheywantedtomakeHenrytheirson-in-law.答案C2．WhatdidHenrycometoLondonfor?A．Hewantedtorunasmallcompanyhere.B．Hewantedtomakefriendswiththetwobrothers.C．Hewantedtoseekforagoodjob.D．Hecameherebyaccidentwithoutanyplan.答案D3．WhatdidMrAdamsaskforfromthetwobrothers?A．Ahousetostayforashortmoment.B．Aletterwithabanknoteworthamillionpoundinit.C．Anhonestjob.D．Charityfromthetwobrothers.答案C4．HowdidHenryfeelwhenhegotaletterfromthebrothers?A．Surprised. B．Angry.C．Hopeful. D．Worried.答案A5．What’sHenry’spromise?A．Hewouldn’tcomebacktothetwobrothersuntil2o’clock.B．Hewouldn’tusethemoneyintheletterafter2o’clock.C．Hewouldgivethemoneybacktothetwobrothersbefore2o’clock.D．Hewouldn’topentheletteruntil2o’clock.答案Deq\x(Step3Post-reading)Afterunderstandingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.HenryAdams，whowascarriedouttoseabyastrongwindfromhisownboat，wasabusinessman.Hespenta1.helpless(help)nightontheseauntilthenextmorning.2.Luckily(luck)，hewasspottedandsavedbyaship.Thenheearnedhispassageby3.working(work)forfreeonboard.AfterhelandedinBritain，hewenttotheembassyforhelp,4.butwithoutluck.Oneday，he5.waswandering(wander)onthestreetwhenhewascalledintoalargehouseownedbytwooldEnglishmen,6.whoaskedhimafewquestions.HenryansweredthathewaslookingforajobinLondonand7.asked(ask)whethertheycouldofferany.Theydidn’tanswer8.directly(direct)butgaveHenryaletterwhichtheysaidcontained9.asumofmoney.TheyalsoaskedHenrytopromisenot10.toopen(open)ituntil2o’clock.Henrythoughtitwassillybutacceptedit.eq\x(Step4Sentence-learning)1．ItisHenryAdams，anAmericanbusinessman，whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.[句式分析]本句Itis...who...为强调句结构，强调主语HenryAdams。anAmericanbusinessman是同位语，对前面的HenryAdams进行解释说明。后面的whatheshoulddo为宾语从句，作know的宾语。[自主翻译]他叫亨利·亚当斯，是一个美国商人。在伦敦迷了路，不知道该做什么。2．ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand，whichaccountsformyappearance.[句式分析]本句中that引导的是表语从句，which引导的是非限制性定语从句。[自主翻译]事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我衣冠不整的原因了。3．Ifthisisyourideaofsomekindofjoke，Idon’tthinkit’sveryfunny.[句式分析]本句为复合句结构。主句是Idon’tthinkit’sveryfunny，其中it’sveryfunny是省略that的宾语从句。Ifthisisyourideaofsomekindofjoke是条件状语从句。[自主翻译]如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我不认为它很好笑。Ⅰ.阅读理解AMarkTwain，thefamousAmericanwriter，likedtoplayjokesonothers.Butonceajokewasplayedonhim.OnedayMarkTwainwasaskedtogiveatalkinasmalltown.Atlunchhemetayoungmanheknewwhotoldhimthathehadanunclewhoneverlaughedorsmiled.TheyoungmantoldMarkTwainthatnobodyandnothingcouldpossiblymakehisunclesmileorlaugh.“Youbringyouruncletomytalktonight，”saidMarkTwain.“I’msureIcanmakehimlaugh.”Thateveningtheyoungmanandhisunclesatinthefirstrow.MarkTwainspokedirectlyattheoldman.Hetoldsomeratherinterestingstories，whichmadeeveryoneinthehalllaugh.Buttheoldmanneverevensmiled.MarkTwaintoldthemostinterestingstoriesheknew.Buttheoldman’sfacewasstillablank.AtlastMarkTwainstopped.Hefelttiredanddiscouraged.Somedayslater，MarkTwaintoldafriendofhisaboutwhathadhappened.“Oh，”saidhisfriend，“Iknowthatoldman.Hehasbeendeafforyears.”eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了幽默大师马克·吐温的一件趣事。)1．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTtrue?A．MarkTwaincouldmakeeveryoneinthehalllaughexcepttheoldman.B．MarkTwainlikedtoplayjokesonothers.C．NobodyeverplayedajokeonMarkTwain.D．OnceayoungmanplayedajokeonMarkTwain.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知C项说法有误。2．TheyoungmanwhoMarkTwainmetatlunchtoldhimthat.A．hisunclelikedtolistentoMarkTwain’stalkB．hisunclecouldnotpossiblybemadetolaughorsmileC．hisuncleneverlaughedatpeopleD．nobodyandnothingcouldmakehisunclestoplaughingorsmiling答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知答案为B。3．MarkTwaintoldtheyoungman.A．tobringhisuncletolunchB．toaskhisuncletotalktherethatnightC．hecouldmakehisunclelaughD．tositinthefirstrowwithhisuncle答案C解析细节理解题。由第三段可知，马克·吐温让年轻人带他的叔叔来听他的演讲，到时他会让他叔叔大笑。4．MarkTwain’sstoriesmadeeveryoneinthehalllaughexcept.A．theoldmanB．theyoungmanC．MarkTwainhimselfD．afriendofMarkTwain’s答案A解析细节理解题。由第四段中的“Buttheoldmanneverevensmiled...Buttheoldman’sfacewasstillablank.”可知，马克·吐温没能逗笑这位老人。BAsafunnystudent，Brianlovedwatchingcomediesbestandhopedtobecomeacomedyactoroneday.Whenheheardaboutthetalentshowtobeheldathisschool，Briandecidedtotakepartinit.Hehadneveractedinpublicbefore，andhewasveryexcited.Butsomestudentslaughedathim.“Youarenotfunnybutsilly，”Ken，oneofhisclassmates，saidtohisface.“Noonewilllikewhatyoudo，”anotherboyalsosaidtohim，loudly.Briancouldn’tunderstandwhytheyweresounkindtohim.Foramoment，hethoughtaboutgivinguptheshow.Butherememberedhowmuchhisfriendslikedhisjokes，andalsohisteacherssaidhewasveryfunny.Sohedecidedtopreparefortheshow.Briandidagreatjobatthetalentshow.Everyonelovedhisperformance，andhewonthefirstprize!Histeachersandfriendswereproudofhim.Evenso，KentoldBrianthathewasnotfunny，andthathewouldneverbesuccessful.Briandidn’tunderstandwhyKensaidso，butherealizedthatithadnothingtodowithhim.Heconfidentlycontinuedtoworktowardshisdream.Astheyearswenton，BrianmetmorepeoplelikeKen.“You’lldoaterriblejob，”theysaidtohim.Luckily，mostpeopleencouragedhimandsomehelpedhimtobecomeevenfunnier.Hegotalotofchancestoperforminmovies.Hewaseveninvitedtoappearontelevision.Hisfansthankedhimbecausehiscomediesmadethemfeelgoodwhentheywereunhappy.NowBrianisabigcomedystar!Heisdoingwhathelovesbest.Heneverfeelsworriedlikethoseunkindpeople，andhelaughsalldaylong!语篇解读一个叫布莱恩的男孩，从小就立志当喜剧演员。尽管周围有同学打击他，但他坚持追逐梦想，最终成为一名出色的喜剧演员。5．WhatwasBrian’swishasastudent?A．Tobeacomedyactor.B．Togotoafamousuniversity.C．Totakepartinatalentshow.D．Tomakemorenewfriends.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，在学生时代，他希望成为一名喜剧演员。故选A。6．WhatdidBriandoafterwinningthefirstprize?A．HebegantounderstandKen.B．Hebecameateacherofacting.C．Heencouragedotherstojoinhim.D．Hewentonworkinghard.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知选D。7．Brian’sfansthankedhimbecausehiscomediesbroughtthem.A．success B．pleasureC．luck D．pride答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，他的粉丝们感谢他是因为他的喜剧给他们带来了快乐。故选B。CTheaverageAmericanchildspendsthreetofivehoursadaywatchingTV.In1961，theaveragechildbegantowatchtelevisionatagethree;however，todayitisninemonths.Yet，mostparentsthinkthattelevisionhasabadinfluenceontheirchildren.Forexample，intheearly1970s，myparentsbelievedthatmybadeyesightwastheresultofsittingtooclosetothescreen，andtheythereforemademystayatleastsixfeetfromit.Today，mostpeoplehavenosuchworry，butmanynewridiculous(荒谬的)sayingshaveappeared：*TVmakeskidsstupid.Manychildrenwatchmoreeducationalprogrammeswhentheyarepre-schoolers.Whentheygrowup，theycanreadmorebooksandhavemuchbetterideastosolvedifficultproblemsthanotherchildren.*TVmakeskidsviolent.Therealstoryisnotsosimple.HundredsofstudiesshowthatwatchingviolenceonTVmakeschildrenmoreaggressive(好斗的)．Butastudyofover5,000childrenalsofindsthatsomepositiveprogrammesmakechildrenkinder.Theproblemisthatkidsareincreasinglywatchingshowswithviolenceinsteadofthosesuitablefortheirage.*SittingaroundwatchingTVmakeskidsoverweight.Anexperimentfindsthatwhenchildrenwatchlesstelevision，theydoloseextraweight；however，reducingtheirtelevisiontimedoesnotmakethemmoreactive.Therealproblemliesinsnacking(吃小吃)—awidespreadhabitforkids，andjunkfoodadvertisements.*TVhelpskidsgettosleep.Theoppositeistrue.Themoretelevisionchildrenwatch，themorelikelytheyaretohaveirregularsleepandnap(小睡)patterns.Allowingkidstowatchtelevisionispartoftheproblem，notthesolution.eq\x(语篇解读电视真的会对孩子造成诸多不良影响吗？本文作者并不这么认为。)8．WhichoneistheadvantageofeducationalTVprogrammes?A．Theywillmakechildrensolvedifficultproblemsbetterthanothers.B．Theywillimprovechildren’sabilitytogetalongwithothers.C．Theyarelikelytomakechildrenmoreaggressive.D．Theywillmakesureofchildren’ssuccessinthefuture.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二、三句可知，看更多教育节目的孩子，在长大后会比其他的孩子阅读更多的书，且在解决难题方面会有更好的主意。故选A项。9．WhyarechildrenspendingmuchtimewatchingTVlikelytobefat?A．WatchingTVmakeschildrenlazyandinactive.B．ChildrenareattractedbythefoodadvertisementonTV.C．WatchingTVdoesn’tburnupasmuchfatasdoingsports.D．ChildrenliketosnackwhilewatchingTV.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Therealproblemliesinsnacking(吃小吃)．..”可知D项正确。10．WhatinfluencedoeswatchingTVhaveonachild’ssleep?A．ChildrenarelikelytosleepdeeperafterwatchingTV.B．Children’ssleepingtimewillbegreatlyreduced.C．Itwillmakechildrenformabadhabitofsleeping.D．Itwillmakechildrensleepeasier.答案C解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知C项正确。11．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Toincreasepeople’sknowledgeofwatchingTV.B．TowarnparentsofthedisadvantagesofwatchingTV.C．ToexplainthebadinfluencesthatwatchingTVhasonchildren.D．Tocorrectparents’wrongideasoftelevision’seffectonchildren.答案D解析写作意图题。本文罗列出人们关于电视对孩子的影响的误解，并一一给出理由。故选D项。Ⅱ.七选五Mostofyoulovewatchingmovies.Theycanbefunny，sad，imaginative，inspiring，andsomuchmore！Therearesomanypossibilitiesandsomanygreatmoviestowatch!Themakingofamovieusuallybeginswithascript(剧本)．1Theproduceristhepersonwhoisresponsibleforcoordinating(协调)aspectsofthefilmlikebudgetandscheduling.Theproducerplansouthowtheprojectwillbecarriedoutandheusuallystartsbyhiringadirector!2Thedirectorwillusuallyidentifythemesorfeelingsthatheorshewantsthemovietoconveytoitsaudienceandwillthenassemble(聚集)alltheotherpeoplewhow