山东省潍坊市部分学校2022-2023学年高三下学期阶段摸底联考英语试题

2023年山东省潍坊市部分学校高三阶段摸底联考英语试题(满分120分考试时间120分钟)注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并认真核对条形码信息，核对无误后将其横贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，试题卷直接从第二部分“阅读”开始，题目序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再改涂其他答案;非选择题须用黑色签字笔作答，答案须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不按以上要求作答的答案无效，在试题卷上作答一律无效!3.请保持答题卡字迹工整，卡面清洁，不折叠、不破损。4.考试结束后，只交答题卡;试题卷自己保留，便于后续讲评使用。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisyear’sfavoritebooksofferamixtureofadviceonhowtocreateahappierandmorecompassionatesocietythroughshiftingourworldviewandimprovingoursocialinteractions.BittersweetWriterSusanCaindescribesbittersweetfeelingsas“atendencytostatesoflongingandsorrowandacuriousjoyatthebeautyoftheworld”.Embracingtheseemotionscanmakeourlivesmoremeaningful.Suchfeelingscancreatemotivationtoreacharenewedsenseofpurpose.Whilesometimesunpleasant,theycanspurspiritualgrowthandfosterourconnectionwithothers.Platonic“Friendshipsarewronglyundervaluedinoursociety,”writespsychologistMarisaFranco.It’sfriendshipsthatprovideuswithagreatsenseofbelongingandhappiness.Herbookshowsushowtogoaboutit—byreachingout,offeringaffectionandgenerosity.Francogivespracticalguidanceonhowtomanagepsychologicalblockstofriendship,pavingthewaytodeeperrelationships.HappierHourManypeoplefeeltheydon’thaveenoughhourstodoeverythingthey’dliketodo.ButresearcherCassieHolmesshowswhythisattitudeiswrong-headed.Sheencouragesustoevaluateourcurrentuseoffreetimeandhowmuchpleasurewegetfromouractivities.Then,sheoffersevidence-basedtipsonhowtousetimemorewisely—bylesseningtechnologyuse,developingrelationshipsandexperiencinggratitude.TheSecretLifeofSecretsIskeepingasecretabadthing?InprofessorMichaelSlepian’sbook,“Peopledon’tliketobealonewiththeirthoughts,andhavingasecretcancausefeelingsofisolationanduncertainty.”Therefore,it’sprobablygoodtofindadifferentwaytocope,liketellingyourtrustingfriends.Slepianofferstipsonhowtodecidewhethertokeeporrevealasecrettoavoidharmingrelationships.1WhatdoesSusanCaintrytoconvinceusinherbook?A.Bitterfeelingscanchangeintosweetones.B.Unpleasantemotionblocksourmentalgrowth.C.Acceptingsorrowandhappinessmakesuswhole.D.Asenseoflongingmakesthebeautyoftheworld.2.Whichbookintereststhosewhohavetroublemanagingtime?A.Bittersweet. B.Platonic.C.HappierHour. D.TheSecretLifeofSecrets.3.WhataspectdoPlatonicandTheSecretLifeofSecretsbothinvolve?A.Pursuingwealthandhealth.B.Readingtostopisolationoflife.C.Revealingasecretforstablefriendship.D.Developinginterpersonalrelationships.BMostofyouareprobablyfamiliarwiththevariousstoriesofsearchingalienlife,buthaveyouheardaboutthescientistwhowasresponsiblefordetectingthefirsttracesofintelligentlifelurking(潜伏)throughoutourgalaxy?ThisisFrankDrake’sstory.Attheageof8,hisfatheronedaytoldDrakethereareotherworldsinspace.Hehadnoideathatsuchathingwasapossibility—hethoughtEarthwasit.Itwasamedieval(过时的)attitude.Sohewondered,whataretheylike?Arethepeoplethesameasus?Dotheylookthesamewaywedo?What’stheirplanetlike?Andofcourse,atthattime,therewasnowaythatthosequestionscouldbeansweredintheslightest.Lateron,whenhewasincollege,hechosetheelementaryastronomycourse.Whilehewastakingthatcourse,hewenttothecampusobservatory,andoneofthethingsheobservedwastheplanetJupiter.Eventhroughasmalltelescope,itwasjustveryclearthatitwasanotherworld.Itwasnotapictureinabookorsomething.Andthatconvertedhim.FrankDrakeismostlyknownfordevelopingtheDrakeequation(方程式),whichisamathematicalequationthatwasdevelopedtoestimatethenumberofdetectablealiencivilizationsresidingintheMilkyWay.Drakeequationtakesmanythingsintoconsiderationfromtherateofstarformation,thefraction(小部分)ofstarsthathaveplanets,thenumberofhabitableplanetscirclingeachstar,thefractionofplanetsthatremainhabitablelongenoughforlifetoevolveallthewayuptothenumberofcivilizationsthatarecapableofdevelopingtechnology.Peoplealwayssaythatthesearchforalienlifehasfailed.“You’vebeensearchingfor60years,andyouhaven’tfoundanything.Sodoesn’tthatsaythatintelligentlifeisveryrare?”Butthat’swrong,becausetheamountofsearchingthatwe’vedonehashardlytouchedthenumberofpossibilitiesthatareoutthere—thatis,starsandradiofrequenciesandchannelsandallofthat.We’veonlycoveredatiny,tinyfractionofallthepossibilities.4.Whatdoestheauthortrytodointhefirstparagraph?A.Sharesomestoriesaboutalienlife.B.Leadinthetopicofthewholetext.C.Introducehisresearchexperiences.D.Questiontheexistenceofalienlife.5.HowdidDrakefeelwhenfirsttoldaboutotherworldsinspace?A.Anxious. B.Satisfied. C.Puzzled. D.Curious.6.WhatmightcauseDraketochoosetheelementaryastronomycourseincollege?A.TheobservationofJupiter.B.Theadvicefromhisfather.C.Apictureinasciencebook.D.Hisgreatinterestinalienlife.7.Whichofthefollowingviewsmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Theintelligentlifeinspaceisratherrare.B.Drakeequationwasusedtodetectaliens.C.Thesearchforaliensdeservescontinuing.D.Peoplecarriedoutawrongsearchforaliens.COnNovember15,thecountofhumansonthisplanetreached8billion.Populationgrowthhasbeensteadyoverthepastfewdecades.Butthatpatternisgraduallychanging,asisshowninthefollowingchart.Credit:KatiePeek;Source:WorldPopulationProspects2022，UnitedNationsPopulationDivisionThatslowdownispartlytheresultofashifttowardfeweroffspring.High-incomenationscurrentlyhavethelowestbirthrates,andtheoppositeistrue:nationswiththehighestbirthratestendtohavethelowestincomes.Thegaphascontinuedtowidenbetweenwealthynationsandpoorerones.Butlongerterm,itismovingtowardconvergence(趋同).Manyfactorscontributetothechangesoftheworld’spopulation,suchasmigration,deathrate,longevityandothers.Focusingonfertility(生育率U.S.owever,helpfullyclarifieswhythetotalnumberofhumansonEarthseemssettofall.Fertilityreferstotheaveragetotalnumberoflivebirthsperfemaleindividualinaregionorcountry.TheU.S.’scurrentfertilityrate,forexample,isabout1.7;China’sis1.2.Afertilityof2.1isconsideredthereplacementrate—thatis,therequirednumberofoffspring,onaverage,forapopulationtoholdsteady.Todaybirthratesinthewealthiestcountrieshavedroppedbelowthereplacementrate,therestlikelyfollowingsuitoverthecomingdecades.Humanity’sfutureclearlydependsonmanythingsbesidesfertility.Forexamplepeopleinwealthiernationsmayproducefewerchildren,butthoseoffspringtendtoconsumemoreresources—sorichcountriescanstillhaveoutsizeplanetaryimpactsdespitetheirdecreasingpopulations.OrganizationssuchastheUnitedNationsDepartmentofEconomicandSocialAffairsareworkingtowardpolicy-basedsolutionsforhowallofuscanhavehealthy,satisfyingandsustainablelivesonEarth.Aclear-eyedunderstandingofpopulationchangesiscriticalforreachingthatbrightfuture.8.Whichtimeperiodmaywitnesstheslowestglobalpopulationgrowth?A.1960~1974. B.2037~2058. C.1987~1998. D.2022~2037.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thedefinitionoffertilityrate. B.Thecauseofthelowfertilityrate.C.Thefertilityratesindifferentcountries. D.Theimpactoffertilityonworldpopulation.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thericherthenationsare,thehigherthefertilitywillbe.B.Thesmallerthepopulationis,themoreresourcesareused.C.Achievinghuman’ssustainablefutureisachallengingtask.D.Understandingpopulationshiftscantacklethefertilityissue.11.Whatisthetext?A.Ablogentry. B.Abookreview. C.Athemespeech. D.Aresearchreport.DSamsungElectronicsAmericaannouncedthatGalaxydeviceownerscanmaketheirownrepairstotheGalaxyS20andS21familyofproducts,aswellastheGalaxyTabS7+,startingAugust2nd.SamsungiscooperatingwithiFixittheleadingonlinerepaircommunity,todelivertheirSelf-Repairprogram.ThisprogramaddstoSamsung’scontinuedexpansionsforconvenientrepairforconsumersandhelpsthemwithsustainablesolutionstosupportamorecirculareconomybyextendingthelifeoftheirdevices,aswellasminimizinge-waste.Samsungconsumerswhowishtomaketheirownrepairscannowpurchaserealdevicepartsandconvenient,easy-to-userepairtools,availablethroughiFixit,Samsungretail(零售)andservicelocations,atthesamepricingofferedtoourrepairproviders.Inaddition,Galaxydeviceownerswillhavefullaccesstoonlinerepairguidesthatprovidebothvisualandwrittenstep-by-stepinstructions,andbestofall,atnocost.“Makingreplacementpartsavailableisakeysustainabilitystrategy.We’reexcitedtobeworkingdirectlywithSamsungandtheircustomerstoextendthelifetimeoftheirphones,”saidCEOofiFixit.Startingtoday,Galaxydeviceownerscanreplacethephonescreen,backglass,andchargingports.Inthefuture,Samsungplanstoexpandself-repairtoincludemoredevicesandrepairoptionsfromourextensiveproductportfolio(档案).Furthermore,theprogrammakesiteasyforconsumerstoreturntheirthrown-awaypartsforresponsiblerecycling,asthenewdisplaykitswillcomewithareturnlabeltoshipthrown-awaypartsbacktoSamsung—atnocosttotheconsumer.U.S.dditiontotheconvenienceofthesenewself-repairoptions,GalaxysmartphoneownershaveachoiceonhowtheycanextendthelifeoftheirdevicesacrossSamsung’sexpansivecareoptions,including:ThroughSamsung’sperfectcarenetwork,customershaveaccesstoover11,000SamsungMobilecertifiedrepairtechniciansintheU.S.12.WhowilldotherepairworkundertheSelf-Repairprogram?A.TheiFixitcommunity. B.TheGalaxyconsumers.C.SamsungRepairstaff. D.Thedevicesthemselves.13.WhatistheSamsungcompanyaimingtodoaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Topromoteacirculareconomy. B.Tomakefulluseoftheoldparts.CToenrichthelifeofthephoneusers. D.ToensurebetterservicebyiFixit.14.Whichofthefollowingisfreeofcharge?A.TheSamsungdeviceparts. B.NewSamsungproducts.C.Thewrittenrepairinstructions. D.Theeasy-to-userepairtools.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewInvention B.ANewTechnologyC.ASuccessfulCooperation D.AnInitiativepractice第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后提供的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.____16____Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.Previousresearchhasshownthatthechangesactuallypersistinthemusclesthemselves.Inonestudyofmice,theresultssuggestthatafternucleiinmusclecellsmultiplyinresponsetoanoverloadoftraining,thoseextranucleiaren’tlostduringsubsequentperiodsofinactivity.Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.____17____Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachthepost-traininglevel.Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas.howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.____18____Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitcomestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.Andtheprincipleappliestobothresistancetrainingandendurancetraining.Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.____19____Ultimately,musclememoryisapayoffforallthepastworkyouputintolearningasport.____20____Youwillneverknowhowmuchmusclememoryyoumayhaveuntilyoustarttrainingagain.A.Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.B.Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.C.Thisconvincestheresearchersthatmusclememorymaynotbelonglasting.D.Thatistosay,wecandothesportsautomaticallywithoutconsciousthought.E.Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.F.Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.G.Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ElizabethRevishasbeendiagnosedwithcancer.Herillnessis___21___andcancerhasnowspreadtoherlungs.Asshebeganto___22___herhairbecauseofchemo(化疗),Revis___23___tohavea“shaveparty”forherhair___24___waitingfortherestofittofallout.Themorningoftheso-calledparty,her9-year-olddaughterLeilaaskedifshecould___25___one-thirdofherhair,too.Revislearnedshe___26___theideaallonherown.“Iwasshocked,”Revissaid.“___27___shouldyoudothat?Baby,youdon’thavetodothat.”“Mother,don’tbe___28___andI’llstandbyyouforever,”thedaughtersaid.AfterRevishadherheadshaved,Leilahadpartofhersshavedaswell.Leilasaidthedaughterwasso___29___ofherselfandlikedhernewlook.“Shecombedtheremainingthenextdayforschoolsoshecouldshowitoff,”Revissaid.“Shecouldn’t____30____totelleveryoneaboutthepartyandmyhair.”Revissaidherdaughterisknownforher____31____gestures.”She’ssointunewithothers’feelings,”Revissaidaboutherdaughter.“It’samazing.”Revisaddedtherestofherfamilyandhercommunityhavealsoplayedavitalrolein____32____herduringhercancerjourney.She’sbeenmovedbythe____33____surroundingher.“YouknowIwouldneverwishthiscanceroruncertaintyonanyone,”shesaid.“But,withoutthis____34____,Iwouldhaveneverexperiencedsuchlove.It’sprettypowerfulstuffandIwouldnever____35____it.”21.A.better B.worse C.slight D.stable22.A.wash B.grow C.lose D.polish23.A.chose B.refused C.failed D.hesitated24.A.bymeansof B.inspiteof C.asaresultof D.insteadof25.A.color B.brush C.reserve D.shave26.A.putforward B.carriedout C.gaveup D.spreadabout27.A.Why B.When C.How D.Where28.A.happy B.tearful C.greedy D.grateful29.A.guilty B.critical C.proud D.ashamed30.A.offer B.wait C.agree D.manage31.A.generous B.strange C.selfless D.enthusiastic32.A.blaming B.serving C.supporting D.opposing33.A.action B.belief C.coldness D.kindness34.A.low B.high C.treatment D.case35.A.purchase B.change C.accept D.trade第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Consistingofabambooframeanda____36____(delicate)paintedpapersurface,Chineseoil-paperumbrellashavelongbeenviewedasasymbolofChina’straditionofculturalcraftsmanshipandpoeticbeauty.Notjustaretheyaninstrumenttokeepoffrainorsunlight,butalsoworksofart____37____(possess)richculturalsignificanceandaesthetic(美的)value.Thefirstoil-paperumbrellasappearedduringEasternHanDynasty(25-220).Later,they____38____(bring)overseastoJapanandancientKoreaduringtheTangDynasty(618-907),whichis____39____theywereknownas“Tangumbrellas”.IttakesquitealotoftimeandefforttomakeatraditionalChineseoil-paperumbrella____40____hand.Forexample,inFenshuitownshipinLuzhou,SichuanProvince,craftsmenmustcompletemorethan90stepsanduseover100differenttools____41____(create)asinglehandmadeoil-paperumbrella.Sincetheappearanceofmodernmechanicalumbrellas,traditionaloil-paperumbrellas____42____(suffer)fromdecliningsales,while____43____numberofcraftsmenhasbeenonthedecrcase.Fortunately,withthe____44____(include)ofFenshuioil-paperumbrellasasoneofChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagesin2008,thingshavebeenimproving.Thesegreatitemsappearinmanyfashionshowsandmediapublicationsduetothepositivepublicity_____45_____theyhavereceived.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是某英文新闻报记者李华。最近，一位母亲领着一位6岁男童进入女厕所，并联合自己丈夫辱骂指出问题的女大学生。关于“妈妈能不能带男孩子进女厕所”引发社会广泛讨论和关注，请你写一篇英文新闻报道，内容包括：1.事件描述；2.提出解决措施（不少于3条）注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Everysingleoneofushasadifferentstory.Itiseasytojudgeothersbasedonwhatwewitnessforabriefamountoftime,butthisisnotwhatweshoulddo.AndreOwenisapolicemanwhoworksfortheSussexPolice.Heisakind-heartedyoungofficer.Heisalwaysworkinghardanddevoteshimselftohisduty.Andononeparticularday,hisshift(轮班)wasprovingtobeoneofthetoughdays.Thatday,hestartedtoworkataround7:05am.Itwassuchanearlystartforhisdutythathehadnotimeforbreakfast.Hewascalledtoaseriousinc