高一英语必修一知识点汇总

Unit1Friendshipbegoodto对……友好begoodfor对……有益bebadto.../bebadfor…对有害begoodwith.与…..相处融洽2.addup加起来增加addupto合计，总计add...to把加到addthat补充说not...until/till意思是“直到…才”getsth/sbdone使完成/使某人被（get用法小结）calmdown平静下来beconcernedabout关心关注express/showconcernabout/for对表示关心asfarasbeconcerned关于，就而言beconcernedwith/in（concernoneselfwith/in）涉及、与有关系当while,when,before,after等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。Whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotloose.cheatintheexam考试作弊gothrough经历；度过；通过hideaway躲藏；隐藏setdown写下，记下setaboutdoingsth/setouttodosth着手做某事setoff出发setaside把…放在一旁Iwonderif我不知道是不是.…onpurpose故意地（类似介词和名词构成的短语相当于副词功能）insurprise,惊讶地bychance,偶然地byaccident，偶然地inturn,依次byturns,依次，轮流ingroups,成群地，成组地inreturn，作为回报地sthhappentosb某人发生某事sbhappentodosth某人碰巧做某事sbhappentobe..某人碰巧是...Itsohappenedthat..正巧碰巧Itisthefirst（second.）timethat.（从句谓语动词用现在完成时）（结构中的it可换成this,that.）beinpower当权comeinto/topower掌权，上台It'snopleasuredoing..（anylonger）（再）做••…没有乐趣It'snogood/usedoingsth.做某事是没好处的Shefounditdifficulttosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace.it做形式宾语（小结find的用法）sufferfrom患…病;遭受（病患，饥饿等）Suffer遭受（损害，痛苦，失败）Theyhugelossesinthedisaster.（suffer）sufferedIwillnotsuchrudeness.（suffer）sufferedDoyouoftentoothache.（suffer）sufferfromso...that.../such...that…如此以致于get/betiredof对…感到劳累疲惫havesometroublewithsb/sth.在.上遇到了麻烦getalongwithsb/sth.与某人相处23.ask（sb）foradvice.（向某人）征求建议24.make后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:makesb.dosth.让（使）某人做某事makesb./sth.+adj.使某人/物.makesb./oneself+v-ed让某人/自己被.Whenyouspeak,youshouldmakeyourselfunderstood.makesb.+n.使某人成为.alone/lonely.单独的/孤独的Heisalone,buthedoesn'tfeellonely.Iwouldbegratefulif.委婉客气提出请求Whynotdo..=whydon'tyoudo.facetoface面对面，handinhand手拉手，shouldertoshoulder肩并肩，sidebyside并排地，arminarm臂挽臂地backtoback背靠背地，fromdoortodoor挨门挨户地，fromheadtofoot从头到脚地Unit2Englisharoundtheworldbecauseof因为..（注意和because的区别）evenf（=eventhough）即使，用来引导让步状语从句comeup走上前来，走近，发生，出现comeupwith追上，赶上，提出communicatewithsb和某人交流bedifferentfrom.与..不同bedifferentin.在..方面不同Mostofmyprojectsaredifferentinperformance.我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。bebasedon以……为基础atpresent目前，眼下forthepresent眼前；暂时make(good/better/full)useofthelatter后者theformer前者alargenumberof大量的thenumberof…的数量suchas例如12.holdon坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)等—会13.…youwillhearthedifferenceintheway(that/inwhich)peoplespeak.你会听出人们在说话时的差异。playarole/part(in)在…中担任/扮演一个角色；在…中起作用；thesame...as...与一样onthetopof...在…顶上At/onthebottomof在……底端/底部bringup抚养，养育；提出requestsb(not)todosth.要求某人做/不要做某事besatisfiedwith…对感到满意，满足于suggestv.(request，insist...)Isuggestedyoudowhathesays.我建议你按照他说的去做。Isuggestyounotgotomorrow.我想你明天还是不要去了。Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasinbadhealth.他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。注意：insist意思为“坚持要求”时后面的that从句用虚拟语气；如果insist意为“强调，坚持认为”的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。Sheinsistedthatshedidn'ttellalie.她坚持认为她没撒谎。accordingto按照…根据…Unit3TraveljournalpreferPreferdoingA...todoingB…PrefertodoA...ratherthandoBadvantage/disadvantage优势/劣势takeadvantage/disadvantageof利用…..Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词since与时间点连用Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since+—般过去时自从至今已经多久了。persuadesbtodosth=persuadesbintodoingsth说服某人做某事Persuadesbofsth使某人相信….Persuadesbnottodosth=persuadesboutofdoingsth说服某人不做…强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that.注意not…until的强调句befondof喜欢，喜爱6.Although尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句①although从句多在句首，though从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although无此用法。asthough（仿佛，好像），eventhough（即使，尽管）中不能用although。though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装（将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同as）,而although不可以。insistondoingsth/sth.一定要、坚持主张Sheinsistsongettingupearlyandplayingherradioloudly。她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大。careabout关心在乎carefor喜欢，照料，照顾changeone'smind改变主意Makeupone'smind下定决心Keepsthinmind把…记住=learnsthbyheartexperience经历/经验（注意可数性）Once可作为从属连词，作“一（旦）就”解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时\现在完成时表将来。Onceyouhavebegunyoumustcontinue.givein让步giveup放弃giveout分发，放出giveaway赠送，泄露giveoff发出（光、热、气味等）insteadof代替，而不是（介词）Instead代替（副词）indetail详细地onpurpose故意地bychance偶然地inreturn作为回报地inturn依次地byturns轮流地alargeparcelof一大包asusual像往常一样putupourtent搭帐篷stayawake睡不着，醒着stayup熬夜forcompany做伴23.liebeneaththestars躺在星空下canhardlywaittodo=can'twaittodo迫不及待做某事gointherightdirection走正确的方向ataveryslowpace.以很慢的速度besimilarto类似于affordtodosth付得起，能承担betiredfrom因..而疲劳betiredof对……厌倦beinhighspirits喜气洋洋，兴高采烈cometrue实现，成真givesbsomeadviceondoing...aguideto...的指南34.onatour在游览中，在巡演中onavisit在参观Unit4Earthquakes1.rightaway毫不迟疑，立刻Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.世界似乎到了末日。从句表示“（在某人）看来好像；似乎”Itseems/looks/appearsasif/though.看起来好像.Sb./Sth.looksasif/though.Thereseems/appears（tobe）.似乎有..Thereappearstohavebeenamistake.inruins.变为废墟Two-thirdsof...（分数的构成及用法说明）Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.undertheweightof在..重压下，迫于6.intheopenair在户外，在野外，露天7.taketurnstodosth依次，轮流做某事inturn依次地，轮流地byturns依次地，轮流地beshocked/surprisedat对..感到震惊Beshocked/surprisedtodosthbeproudof以为自豪=takeprideinexpressone'sthankstosb/forsth.对/因..表示感谢withoutwarning毫无预兆地nextto紧接着，相邻，次于getawayfrom.避免，摆脱，离开disaster-hitareas灾区ListeningtoEnglishisaveryimportantskillbecauseitisonlywhenweunderstandwhatissaidtousthatwecanhaveaconversationwithsomebody.听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。Itisbelievedthat人们认为.Itissaidthat据说..Itisreportedthat据报道..holdup举起；托住；支撑列举，推举makeup弥补,虚构,整理,和解,化妆,拼凑betrappedin被困于.befixedto…被固定到betiedto…被绑在……Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero1.devote...（精力，时间，生命oneself）todoingsth献身于…致力于…Sbbedevotedtodoingsthfightagainst对抗，反对，与作斗争votetodosth投票做某事Votesbtobe…选某人当befreefrom免于，不受beinprison入狱，在狱中服刑thefirstmantodo第一个…的人ThetimewhenIfirstmethimwasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。&Hewasgenerouswithbistime,forwhichIwasgrateful•他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。becomeoutofwork.失业hopethat・・・/todosthassoonasIcould尽快，马上Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。Only位于句首，做状语时，主句采用部分倒装的语序。Onlyinthiswaycanyoucomeupwithasolutiontotheproblem.只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。asamatteroffact事实上blowup爆炸,打气beequalto和・平等introuble处于困境遇到麻烦bewillingtodosth.愿意，乐于turnto变成；求助于，借助于,翻到，转向turntosbforhelp向某人求助loseheart灰心;泄气,丧失勇气