2023年四川大学考博真题

四川大学２０２3年博士研究生入学考试英语试题I.ReadｉｎgCｏｍpｒehensｉon(30%;onemaｒｋｅａｃh)Directions:Reａdtｈeｆollowingｓixpaｓｓａges.AｎｓｗerｔheｑｕesｔｉoｎsｂｅｌoweａchｐaｓsageｂyＣhooｓing[A］,[B］，［C],or［D］.WriｔｅyouraｎｓwｅrsontｈeAnswｅｒSheet.PassageOneＳpeechisｓofａmilｉarａfeａtｕrｅofdaｉｌｙｌifetｈａtwｅrarelypausｅtodｅｆineｉt.Itseemsasnaturalｔomanaswalking,aｎｄonlyｌｅsssothaｎbrｅathｉng.Yｅtitneｅdsbｕtａmomｅnt'sｒｅflecｔiｏntoconvinceusthatthisnaｔuralnessofsｐeechisbutanｉlｌuｓoｒyｆｅｅlinｇ．Theproceｓsofacqｕiringｓpｅｅｃhis,insobeｒfact,anｕtterｌydｉfｆerentsortｏfｔｈingｆromｔｈepｒocesｓofleaｒｎingtoｗaｌk.Inｔhecaseofthｅlatｔerｆunction,ｃｕlｔｕre,inoｔｈeｒworｄs,thetraditｉonａlbｏdyofsocialusage,ｉsnoｔｓeriｏuslybroughtintoplaｙ．Tｈechildisinｄｉvｉduａllｙｅｑｕippeｄ,byｔｈeｃｏｍｐlｅｘsｅｔofｆactorsｔｈatwｅtｅrmbｉologicaｌhｅｒｅdity,ｔomaｋealltｈeneededmusculaｒaｎdｎｅｒvousadjustmenｔｓｔhａtreｓultinwａlking．Ｉndeed,theveｒycｏnfｏrｍatiｏnｏftｈｅsｅmuscｌesandoｆｔhｅapproｐriａtｅpartsｏｆthｅｎerｖoussｙsteｍmaｙbesaiｄtobeｐｒimarilyadａｐtedtothｅｍovemｅntｓmadeｉｎｗａlｋingandinsiｍilaractivitｉｅs．Inaveryreａlsensｅ，thenormalhｕｍanbeingispredeｓtinｅｄtowalk,notbｅｃausehｉselｄｅrswilｌａsｓisthimｔｏlearntheart，butｂecａｕsehｉsｏrｇanisｍiｓｐｒｅparedｆｒomｂirthtotakｅonａllthoｓemuscularadａpｔationsｔhatresultinwalkｉｎg.Topｕtitconciselｙ,ｗalkinｇisaninｈereｎt,biｏｌogicａｌfuncｔionoｆman.Ｎotsolａnｇuage.Itisofcoursetｒuｅthaｔiｎaｃertａinsenseｔheiｎdividｕaｌisｐrｅdesｔinedtotaｌk,bｕtｔｈatｉsdueeｎtireｌytothecircｕmｓtanｃeｔｈatheｉsborninthｅlａpofａsoｃieｔythatisｃｅrtaｉｎtoｌｅadhimｔoitstraｄitiｏｎs.Elimiｎatesocietyandthereiseverｙｒeasontoｂeｌiｅvethａｔheｗilllearntｏwａlk,if,indeed,hesｕrｖｉvｅsataｌl.Bｕｔitｉsjustａscertaiｎｔhathｅｗiｌlnｅverlｅａrntoｔalｋ，thatｉs,ｔｏcommuｎicaｔeｉdeasacｃｏrｄｉｎgｔothetraditｉｏｎalｓysｔeｍｏｆapａrticuｌaｒsociｅty.Or,agａin,removethenew-boｒniｎdｉvｉduａlfｒoｍtｈesoｃiａlenvｉｒonmenｔinｔｏwｈiｃhhehascomｅandtrａnsplanｔhｉmtｏanutterlyｆoreigｎone.Hｅwilldeｖelopthearｔoｆｗaｌkinｇｉnｈｉsｎeｗeｎｖiｒoｎmeｎtｖｅrｙmｕcｈashewouldhaｖeｄeｖelｏpｅditinｔhｅoｌd.Bｕthisspeechwｉllｂeｃompｌｅtelyaｔｖariａncewithtｈespｅｅchｏfhｉsｎativeenvirｏｎment.Ｗａｌkingthenｉｓageneralhumaｎaｃtivitythatｖariesｏnlyｗｉtｈiｎarestrictedlimiｔaｓwepaｓｓfromiｎｄividuａlｔoindividuａl.Ｉｔsｖaｒiabiliｔyiｓpuｒposｅｌeｓs.Sｐeeｃｈisahuｍanａｃtivitythaｔvarieｓｗitｈoutassigｎａblelｉmｉtasweｐasｓｆromsocialgrouｐtoｓociaｌgrouｐ，thｅprｏｄuctｏfloｎｇ－conｔinueｄsociaｌuｓａge．Itvａriesａsａllcreativeｅｆfｏｒｔvariｅs．..notasconsciｏusly，ｐeｒhaps，butnonetheleｓsastruｌyasdoｔhｅreｌｉgions,thｅbeliefs，thｅｃuｓtoms，anｄtｈeartsｏfdifｆｅｒenｔｐｅｏｐles.Walｋｉngｉsanoｒgａnic，aｎinｓtincｔive,functioｎ;speeｃhiｓａｎoｎ-iｎstinctiｖｅ，acquirｅd,“cultuｒal”funｃtioｎ.1.ThefｉrstsentｅnceofParａgraｐhTwo,"Notsoｌaｎguagｅ",ｉstｈecｌosestinmeaniｎgto（)[Ａ]ﻩThｉsiｓｎｏttｈecaｓewitｈlａnｇuａｇｅ[B]ﻩSoislanguａｇeandｎetanytｈingeｌｓe［C]ﻩNosuｃhathinｇexiｓtsｉnｌanguagｅ[D］ Noｔsomuchwｉthｌanguage2. Ｔｈｅrealdiffｅrenｃebｅtｗeentheａbｉlitytowaｌkandtheabiliｔytoｔalkistｈat().[A]ﻩtheformeriｓlikebｒeatｈingwhilｅthｅｌａtｔeriｓnｏｔ[Ｂ] theｆorｍｅｒdoesnotrequireｓｏciａliｎtｅractioｎwhiletｈeｌaｔｔerdｏes[C]ﻩtheformｅrrequｉｒｅsmusｃularｍｏveｍｅnｔwｈｉｌetheｌatｔerdoesnｏｔ[Ｄ］ﻩtｈefoｒmeriｓprｅdｅstineｄwhｉlethelａttｅrisｎｏt3. WhicｈｏftｈefolｌoｗiｎgiｓＮOTaniｄｅaoftheａutｈor?（）[A] Laｎgｕaｇeisbiolｏｇicallypｒｏgrａmmedｂuthaｓｔｏbeａcｑuirｅdlａｔeron．[B]ﻩOnｌｙwhｅnaｃhｉldgrowsuｐinacomｍuｎitycanheleａrnｔotalk.[C] Lａnguａgｅinｔｅｒａctionisawaytoｉｍｐａrtcuｌtｕre.[Ｄ］ﻩFormaledｕcatｉonisnecessaryfortheｌeａrｎingｏfｌaｎguage.4.ﻩWｈenｔheauthorsaystheｖariａｂilitｙofwaｌkinｇ"ispurposeｌess",hemｅanstｈat（）.［Ａ] aｎyperｓonｗｈowalkswoulｄｎoｔhavｅaｐurposｅ［BIinallcuｌtｕｒesｐｅopleｗaｌkaimｌessｌy[C] ｃulturｅdoesaffecｔｔhewaysｐeoplewalk［D]ﻩpurpoｓｅｉnwalｋingvariesｗiｔhｏｎe＇sａbilｉty５. Ｔheauthorｗｒｏtethispasｓagｅinorderto（）.［A] argueｆoraｐoｉnt [B]ｐrｏvｉdｅinformation[C]ｎａrratｅaｌeｇeｎdﻩ[D]debatｅwithｈisrivalsＰasｓageTwｏTheobservｅrｄoeｓnotｈaveｔoloｏkfartoｄiscoverthatWesterｎsocietｙｉsｙoｕtｈorieｎteｄaｎdyouthwｏrｓhiping.Thephenｏｍenonsｈowsitｓelｆinmａnyｗaｙs.Fｉrst,adｕltsdｏalｌtheｙｃaｎtｏbeyoｕthfulａndtoｒeｍainyｏｕｎｇｂecausｅｏldａgｅｉｓfeareｄanｄyoutｈｆulnｅsｓadmired．Beaｕtyandcoｓmｅｔicinｄustriesｈａvemａdebilｌionsofｄollarsｂｙencoｕragｉngthisemulatioｎofageｌeｓｓnｅss．Ｓｅcｏnd，ｍuｃhｏfｗhatpａｒeｎｔsdoisfoｒｔｈｅirｙｏｕng.Ｔｈousanｄsoｆpａｒentsｍakedailysａcrificesfoｒｔｈeｉrchildren.Ｔｈenumｅrousｂeneｆitshｅapｅduponchildrenａreeｖident．Maｎymｏtherｓsay:"Ｉwｏuldgivｅmylifｅfｏrmychiｌｄrｅn."Thisfeelｉngdoｅsnotａpplytoalｌparents,ｂutitapｐliｅstｏenougｈｏfthｅｍtobepｒoofpositiveｔｈattodａy＇sａｄuｌtscaｒeａbouttheiryｏuｎgpeｏplｅ.Tｈｉｒd,ｍostａdｕｌtssaytｈattｈeｍａjoｒｉtyｏｆyouthｔodａyare"pｒｅttygoodkｉds."Ｔhｉspoiｎtofviｅwcanbefａiｒlyweｌlsubsｔａntｉated.Moststudieｓthaｔfｏcuｓonnorｍaladoｌescentｓagreｅthａtｔheｍａjorｉtyarenｏtproblems,notintｕrmｏiｌ,ｎｏtｄeeplｙdｉｓtｕrbed,notatｔhｅmｅrcyoｆthｅiｒｉmpｕlses,notｒesistａnttoparentalｖaluｅs，ｎｏtpolitｉｃaｌlyａctivｅ,aｎdnotrebelliouｓ．IｎarｅcentＧalｌｕppoll,9７peｒcｅｎtoｆteｅnssaｉｄtheｙgｏｔａｌongwｉｔhtheｉｒpaｒeｎtsｅｉtｈerveｒｙwｅlloｒfaｉｒlyｗelｌ.Onｌy3peｒcentｓaidtheｙdiｄnotgetalongatａllｗell．Someｔimes,parentsｃarryａpｏsiｔiveｖiｅｗoftheiｒｔｅenagｅrstｏaｎoｖer-ideａlizｅｄｅxtreｍe.Thｅyｒefuｓeｔｏbeliｅvｅtheｉrchilｄrenareｅveraｔｆaｕｌｔoreｖercａpａblｅofｄoinｇｗrong,anｄｔheytｅnｄtoattaｃkanyｆrｉｅnd,teacher,oｒtownoｆfｉciaｌｗhotrｉestotelｌｔhemoｔheｒwise.Dｅspｉtetｈiｓoveｒ－idｅalizaｔiｏnmｏstｙｏuｔhsarｅnotproblｅmｓ---ｔｏthemsｅlvｅsortotｈeircommunitiｅs．Misｃｏncｅptiｏnsarｅforagedｂｙfocｕsｉｎｇｏｎlyonthedrug-adｄicｔed,ｄelｉｎｑuｅnt,ａnddistｕrbeｄｏｒoｎｔheｓociａlrｅｂelswhｏareinfaｃtａmｉnority．Finalｌy,althoｕghmoｓtyｏｕthstodayarenｏtaｃtｉvｉｓｔrebelsｌikethoseofthelａte19６０sａndearly1９７０s;youthfulideaｌismｉsstiｌlmuchｉnｅｖｉdencｅ．Aｄolｅscentsaremuｃhcｏncernｅdaboutsoｃialｉｓsｕeｓsucｈasjuvｅｎiｌecｒｉｍe,ｄruｇａbuse,tｈｅenergycriｓes,ｕｎｅｍployment,ｗomen＇sliberatiｏn,maｔeｒialisｍandiｎdｉfｆerencｅiｎｓocieｔy，poｌluｔｉｏn,aｎdthｅｅｎvｉronment.Tｈeyalsosｈoｗgenuiｎecｏnceｒnfortheｕnderdog,indicatedbytheirfreｑｕentｐｏliｔiｃalalｌiancｅwｉthblacksoｒtheｐooｒ.Theywiｌlgivegenｅｒouｓlyandworkhardtoheｌpthestａrvｉngoｖerseasorwiｌlcｏmeｔothedeｆeｎseofｃonvictedcｒｉｍｉnalｓifｔheyfeｅltheircaｕseiｓｊusｔ.Clergｙaｎdｏｔｈercaringadultsappｌａudyoｕthswhojointhe＂lｏvｅ"ｇeｎeｒationtofindmｏremeaｎiｎgfulreｌationsｈipsｔhanｔhoｓebeｔweentｈｅｉrpａrｅｎtｓaｔhomｅorbetweeｎｂusｉｎｅｓseｌeｍentｓｉnａhighlｙcompetｉtivesoｃiｅｔy.Theseａｄｕlts－emphaｓizetｈａtｐａrentsougｈtnottobecriticaloftheiｒｙoungforhａｔiｎgcｏｒｒｕpｔiｏn,ｉnjｕｓtiｃe，orsuｐerficｉａlｖａlｕes.Ａlthoughtｈeyａｒealｉttlｅａwedbyyouthswhoｗillｗｏｒkforｍontｈstokeepawｉldｅrnｅssａreafｒombeiｎgminedbydeｖelｏｐers,value－orienｔedａdultstelｌpaｒｅntstoadmiretheiｒYounganｄaｄmiｔｔhattheｉraｃtiviｔiesarｅmｏrｅwｏrtｈwhｉlethanswａlｌoｗinggoldfishorsｅeinghowmanykidｓcaｎcrｏｗdtheｍselvｅsintoatelepｈonebｏoth．6.ﻩBy"ｙｏｕtｈwoｒshｉpｉnｇ＂,tｈeauｔhorｅxpreｓseｄtheideａtｈａtinWｅsternsocietytheaduｌts[A]ﻩｗｏrshｉptheｙouｎgpｅople [B］areａllreligiousbelｉeｖｅｒs［C]dｅsiｒetｏstayyoｕngﻩ[Ｄ]worshiｐGodliketｈeyｏｕth7. Accｏrdｉｎgtｏthｅpａsｓagｅ,ｔｅenagｅrsiｎＷeｓterｎsocｉeｔyarｅ.[A] unmｏtｉｖatｅdstudenｔsinsｃhools[B]ﻩsympathetｉcwiththｅｕnforｔunate［C］ﻩhighｌyｃompeｔｉtｉvｅontｈejoｂmarｋｅｔ［D] eqｕippedwithallkｉndsｏfｖａluｅs8.ﻩAllofthefollowingcanbeｉｎｆeｒredfｒｏmthｅpassagｅEXCＥPTｔhat.[A] yｏunｇpeoｐleaｒemoｒｅaｃtiveｔｈaｎａdultsinprotectiｎgthｅirenviｒｏnment[Ｂ] amajorityoffamiliesliveｉnpｅaceandhaｒmony[C] adultsusedtｏｂelievethatadoleｓcentsaｒereｂelliouｓ[D]ﻩitｉsnｏtｒighｔforaｄulｔsｔoｃriticizeｔheｙｏｕths９. Wｈichｏｆthｅｆolloｗinｇistheｂestparａpｈraseofｔheideaoftｈelａstｓenteｎcｅｏftｈepasｓaｇe?[Ａ］ Yｏuthsmaygｏtoofａrintｈeｉｒsｏｃialaｃtiｖitiｅs,butthat＇s'beｔterthantheirdoingmiｓchiｅｖousｔhinｇsｏrｗastｉｎｇｔｈeirtime.［B］ Youｔｈsmayoppｏｓedeveｌoｐmｅnt,ａndthａt'swortｈwhilｅbeｃauseｇｏｌdｆishaｎdteｌepｈｏneｂootharｅｆarlｅssｉmportaｎt.［C]ﻩＹouthsａreenvironmeｎtpｒｏteｃｔiｏnisｔｓ,buttheｙmayaｌsｏcausｅdaｍaｇetowｉldlifeｏrtｏpｕｂlｉcproperties.[D］ﻩYｏｕｔhsｓtaytoolonginwｉlｄernｅss,sｉncetｈeyｌovｅｔｈｉnｇsinｎaｔuｒeiｎsteａｄofgｏｌdfishorteｌｅphoneboothsｉnｍoｄｅmcｉties.１０. Mostliｋｅｌｙ,thｅauｔｈoｒofthispassageｉs．[A］ ａｓｏｃiologist [B]alovｉｎｇparent[C]apolitiｃaloｆｆicｉａlﻩ[D]acleｒｇymanPasｓａgeTｈrｅeCrocodiｌesareincrｅdiｂlyｓｔrｏng,agileaｎｄaggrｅｓsive.Theyaremercilesskｉllersａｎdiｔ'ｓthｅirnatuｒeｔobeｂrutal.Theｙarｅestimateｄtokillｕpto200peopｌｅpｅrｙｅarinＡfrｉcaanｄtｈｅｙｃaｎｅatuptoｈalftheirbｏdyweｉgｈtinonemeal.ThiｓiｓｗｈyｉnBuｒkｉｎaFaｓo，thelaｋesｉdeBazoｕlevillageｉsfａmousforitsuniquetradiｔiｏn.Ｆoｒｍａnygenerａtionsthｅｖｉllageｒshavelivedhａrｍonｉousｌywitｈaｂｏut200wiｌｄcroｃｏｄileｓ．Croｃodilesｈａｖeremainedtheｓameforover２00ｍilｌionyeａrs．Thｅｙareｆearｅdandavoideｄｂyhumaｎsandanimaｌsalike.ButthｅpeopｌeoｆＢａzｏｕlｅｒevｅretｈeｓacｒeｄcｒocodｉleｓintheｌａｋe.TｈiｓuniqueｔrａdｉｔionｓtａrtedmanyｇenerationsａgoatatimｅwｈenthepｅopｌｅofＢazoulewereｆａcingaｇreatdroughｔandtｈerewasnowａter.Ｗomenusedtowalｋ４0kiloｍeterssearｃhingｆｏrwater.Ｔhecｒocｏdileslivｅdａpaｒtanｄhenｃetherewaｓnoco-hａｂiｔａtionbeｔｗeenｔｈｅｃｒocodiｌｅsaｎdｔheｐeｏｐｌeofBazｏuｌe.Ｌegeｎdｓaｙsthａtｏnedaythｅwomenwｅrepassｉngclｏsetｏthecrocodｉlesａndonewomａｎａtteｍptｅdｔｏcollectwaｔｅrinthｅlakeanｄtｈecrocoｄiｌeｌetｈeｒfetchｗａterwitｈoｕtａｔｔacｋingher.FromthenonwardsalｌthewｏmeｎiｎBazｏuleｖｉｌlagecoulｄfｅｔchwateｒｆroｍthelakｅ.Tｈｅvillagerｓnａmeｄｔheferoｃiousａnimalstｈeｓａcredｃｒocodilesfortheyhadｓavedｔhemandthｅycoｕldｎｏtonlｙfetcｈdｒinkingwaterbuｔalsｏwaｔｅrtheirplaｎｔsandtｈeysurｖivedthefaｍine.＂ThecroｃodilｅｓｏfＢａzｏuleａresacredｂecausｅtheyaｒｅtｈetｏtemsｏｆtｈeviｌlage.They'ｒetheancｅｓtｏrsofthevｉｌｌagebecausetheysａvedtheｖillagersandthatiswhythey'arecalleｄｓacred，"ｓayｓPｒｏsｐerKabore,HeａｄCrocodileguide.Pｒosperｗasbｏrｎintｏthisｔradition.Hisjobｉsｔoｓafｅguardtheuniquerｅlaｔｉonshipbetｗeenthｅpｅopleandｔheｓaｃredｃroｃodileｓ.EveｒycｈｉldｉnBazouｌeｉsｔaughtｔｏbeｋｉndandｒeｓpecｔｆul.Ｔheyａｒeconsｔaｎtｌyremindｅｄtｈatthelｉfｅthｅyenｊoytoｄayｉsasarｅsｕlt'oftｈekindｎessandｃompaｓsｉoｎsｈｏwnｔothｅiraｎcestoｒs.Kindｎessanｄｈelpｐrｏｖidedtotｈembｙthemosｔunｌikelｙaｎimals,theｃroｃodiｌe．Atonｅｐｏiｎtintimetｈｅcroｃｏdｉlesｃriｅdfｏronemonth.Ｅverybodywondereｄｗhatｗaｓwrｏng．WhenＰｒｏsperｔoldtｈelocalchiｅfwｈｏｉｓｅntirｅｌｙinｃｈargeoftheconseｒvａtｉｏｎoｆtｈesａcｒｅdcrｏcｏdiｌeｓ,hｅprohｉbitｅdchildrenｆrompicｋinggraｓsattheｌａke.Thenonｅnigｈtaｃhilｄwentiｎtotｈｅwateranddiｄnotretuｒn.Thecrocodｉleｓcrieｄaloｔ.Thedaytｈatｆoｌlowｅdpeopｌeｓａwｓoｍebｏdydrownｅdinｔｈeｗater."Wetｒiedtoｒetriｅvethebodybutｗecｏuldn'ｔ.Ｔｈeｎwｅｓａｗtｈｅｃrocｏｄｉlebringingtｈebody.Hepushｅｄitoutoｆthewaterandweｔｏoｋtheboｄyａnｄburied,"recallsＫaboｒe.Hencetｈisuniquｅｃｏ-exｉstenceｉswｈaｔdｒａwspeｏｐlefrｏｍａlloverａｎdtheyareｓhｏcｋedtoseｅthisｐhenｏmeｎontｈａｔhａsbｅenintｈisvｉllageformａnｙgeｎｅｒａtioｎs.Theygetachancetoｒideｏｎthebacksofthesacrｅdｃroｃｏdiles,ｆeedｔhｅmwithｃhicｋens.ＴｈechickenｓfedｔｏtheｃroｃｏdiｌeｓcｏmeｆromBazoulevｉllａｇe，anyｃhickenoutsidethevｉllａgeisnｏtfeｄtoｔｈｅcｒoｃｏdilｅs;Tｈisiｓmeａｎttoａppｅasｅtｈｅａnｃestors.ThesacｒeｄcrocodｉlesaｎｄBazoulｅpeｏpｌehavｅａgreatinterｄeｐeｎｄeｎcy．Ｔｈeｃｒocodｉlesａllｏwｔhevｉllａgerｓｔouｓethｅwateｒaｎdtｈｅvｉｌlａgersallｏwthecrｏcodileｓtofeedontｈｅirｐlantsanｄthｅcycleoflifegoesｏnharmoniouｓｌy.ＴhemｏnｅyatｔaineｄfroｍtourisｔｓgｏesｄirectｌytohelｐtheneedychildrｅninＢaｚoulｅ.Henceｎotｏnlydoestｈecomｍunityhelpinconｓeｒvinｇtｈｅcｒocoｄiｌeｓanｄｔheｏldtｒadｉtioｎbｕtiｔalso，upliftsthｅｌｉvesofitscomｍｕｎｉｔyｍｅｍbｅrs.11.ﻩAｌｌoｆｔhefolloｗinｇａboutcｒocodiｌesaretｒｕeEXCEＰTthatthｅy.［A] movｅsｗiftｌyandｆlｅxｉbly [B]needａlotｏffoｏdｔoeａt[Ｃ]ｈａveａmiｌｄｔｅmpｅｒaｍentﻩ[Ｄ]ｌivｅiｎwａteｒs12. Accoｒdｉngtotheｐaｓｓage,thｅBazoulｅvｉｌlａgersrespecｔｔheｃrocodilesaｓsacreｄｂeingｓbeｃａusetheｃrocodilesthｅre.［Ａ] liｖefaｒａwａyfromtｈevｉllagｅ[B] aｒeresｐectｅｄastheembleｍofｔhevilｌagｅrs［C］ eatchickensanｄpｌａnｔsｏｎlｙ[D]ﻩwｏuldｆeelsaｄwhenａhumanbｅingdies13. Whichoｆthefollowingstatemｅntｓcanbeinｆｅｒredfromthｅｐasｓage?[Ａ] TheＢａzoｕｌｅvillagｅrsarｅaｃｔiveaniｍaｌprｏｔectｉonistｓ.[B]ﻩEvencrｏcｏdilescａnbeｔamedｊustliｋedogsareｄoｍeｓｔiｃaｔed.[C］ﻩEｃologicalhａrmonymaylｅadｔotheproｓperityofｔouriｓm.［D］ Huｍaｎbｅiｎｇshavetreatedferociousａnimalsiｎawｒｏngway.14． Whichofｔhｅfolｌowiｎｇｉsopｐｏｓｉteinmeaningto"upliｆt"intｈelastｓeｎteｎceｏｆtｈepａssaｇe?[A] ｄegrade［B]dｏwnｐlay[C]downｐour[Ｄ]deｌｉmit１５.ﻩWhichｏftｈefｏllowingmaybeｔｈemoｓtapproｐriatｅtｉtlｅforthispａｓｓage?[Ａ］ﻩAｎiｍaｌProteｃtｉoｎanｄDｅveloｐｍentoｆTourｉsｍ[Ｂ]ﻩAnUnbｅlievaｂｌeTrａdiｔｉoninanＡfｒicanTribe［Ｃ］ﻩCrｏcoｄｉlｅsaｎdVｉllaｇｅrｓｉｎMuｔuaｌUnderstanｄing［Ｄ］ ＣrocodｉleCｏnservatｉｏｎ：ａHｕmaｎEnｄeaｖorPassageFourＥxceｓsiｖesuｎexposureisbadforourhｅalｔh.Butsuｎdeｐrｉvationｉsalsohａrｍfuｌ－ｃｏnｔriｂutiｎgｔoailmentsfroｍdepressiｏｎtoｄistuｒbｅdsleep,ｏbｅｓｉtｙandevｅncancｅr.Ｐeoｐlｅｉnhabitingｔｈｅｆarnorｔhernheｍisphereａreｐａrtｉｃulａｒlyvulnｅrａｂｌe,ｆorcｅdtoendｕrelｏｎg,dａrkwinterniｇhtsaｎdｓomeｔiｍesonlｙseeingthesunforthｒｅequarｔersoｆaｎhourperdａyiｎDeｃembｅr.Butrｅliefcoulｄｂeonｉｔsway，withSweｄiｓhreｓearｃhersexplｏｒｉngaraｎgeofprojｅctｓthａtcouldbｒｉnglｉghttothewiderpopulatｉon.Theｙareworkingｏnａdeviｃｅthatｃoｕlｄｔrａnｓformpeople'sｈoｍesａndlivesbｙreguｌaｔinｇtheaｍｏuntofｌighttowhｉｃhｔheyareeｘposed.ＡｔLundUniversiｔｙ，insoutｈerｎSwｅden,ProｆThoｒbjornLaｉkeshowsｏｆfwhaｔhecaｌlsan"aｒtifｉｃialsuｎ"，acollｅcｔｉoｎofbrigｈtｂｌｕishlighｔstｈａtｗｏｕlｄn'tlookoutｏfplaceiｎagiant'sdeｎtistｓｕrgｅry.Ｔhｅ"sun"ｈａsprｉdeofplacｅiｎｔｈeａrchiteｃturedepａrｔmenｔ,ｒeｆlｅctｉngPrｏfLaike'ｓpassｉonfoｒlｉghｔandtheｂenｅfitsｉtcanbｒing.HeisSｐearheａdingthe"HeaｌｔhｙHoｍes＂prｏject,whichaimsｔｏensｕreｔhaｔpｅｏplｅlivinginｔｈｅdａrkupperreaｃheｓoｆthenｏrthernｈｅmispｈｅｒereｃｅｉveｔherｉｇhtaｍountofthe"rigｈtsort"ｏflightattherigｈttimｅ．ＴheｙaredevｅlopingadevｉcecalledａDaysｉｍeter，whichmｏｎｉtorsaperson'sexpoｓureｔoliｇhｔraｄiａtiｏｎdurinｇtｈedａｙ.Whentheuｓerｒｅtｕrnshｏｍｅ,ｔheＤaysimetｅｒautｏmaticａｌｌｙsendsthｉsiｎformａｔiontoacenｔｒalcｏntrolhuｂ，whichwoｒｋsoutwｈｅtｈeｒthepersoｎｈａsrｅceivedｓｕｆfｉcieｎtsunlight.Ifthatturnｓoｕｔtobeｅiｔｈertoomuｃｈornotenｏugｈ，asmartｓｙsｔｅmwiｌladjusttｈelightinｇinthehｏmｅtoｃomｐensate:Byｒebaｌaｎcinｇａｉndiviｄｕａl＇slighｔexｐoｓure，ｔｈeiｄeａistoｈelpｐｅopleｍaiｎｔaiｎaｍｏｒｅnoｒmalandheａlthyｃircａdiａnｒｈythm.Humansaｒeprogrammｅｄtowakeandsleepoｎaｒougｈｌy24-hourｃyｃｌｅ,andthetiminｇiｓｒegulaｔedbyexpｏsureｔoｌight.AccordｉｎgtoａstatemenｔfromtｈeHeaｌｔhyHomesｐroject:"Disruptionofaｒｅgulaｒ,dailｙｐattｅrnoflighｔaｎｄdarkcanｌeadtopooｒｓlｅep，fatiｇueａｎddecｒeａｓｅdpeｒfoｒmaｎce，aｓｗelｌａsｐooｒheａlthｒaｎgｉｎgfromobｅｓiｔy,ｄｉaｂetes，caｒｄioｖａscuｌardisｅaseandevenｃancｅr."Iｎplaceswhｅｒｅsunｌｉghtisinshoｒtsuｐpｌy,brｉｇｈtelectriclｉｇhtingｄelｉveredａttheｒｉghtｔimｅoｆdaｙcaｎａctasasｕbstiｔute."Ｗｅaｎｔicipaｔethattｈisｗillmakeiteａsierforpeoｐｌe，ｅｓｐeciaｌｌy.１6.ﻩWhiｃhｏfthefollowiｎgstatemenｔsistrueａcｃｏｒdｉngtｏtｈepassage？[A] Toolitｔlesunningisjusｔashaｒｍfulasｔoｏｍuchsunｎｉnｇ.[Ｂ］ Artiｆicｉａlsｕｎlightcａnｂeuｓedtｏtreatillnessｅssuchascancer.[C］ Peoplｅlivｉngonthｅequatoｒdｏｎotdevelopobesｉtｙ.[D] Ｎorthernerssｌｅepmoｒepｏｏrlｙthanｓouthernｅrｓdｏ．１7.ﻩＷhｉcｈｏftｈeｆｏllｏwingstateｍｅntscanbeinferreｄfromthepassage？[Ａ］ Ulｔｉｍaｔｅly,ａrtｉｆiciａｌsunｗillsｕbstitutethenatｕｒａｌsuｎｌｉｇhtｔokeeｐpeoplｅheaｌｔhy.［B]ﻩＥvenｓpｏrｔsandotheractivｉtiｅsｃannotｃomｐｅnsatefortｈelackofｓuｎliｇht.[C]ﻩInthesunlｉght,onlｙitsbｌｕiｓhrａｙisｉmｐortａnｔforhumaｎhｅalｔh.[D］ Peｏpｌｅontheeｑｕatordonotｈaｖetoｗｏrrｙabouｔｂiolｏgｉcalｃyｃle.１8.ﻩHｕmanｂeingｓｎeedsｕnliｇhteｘpoｓurｅeｓpｅciａllyｉｎtｈemoｒninｇbecause［A]ﻩtheirboｄyｃlｏckwoulｄstｏpreｇulaｔiｎｇｗorｋatnight［B] thesunlｉghtｒegｕｌatescｅrtaiｎhormonetokeｅppeopｌｅeｎeｒgｅｔｉc[C] tｈemorｎingsｕｎｇiｖesｏｆｆthｅfｕllsｐectrｕmofｒays[D]ﻩｔhe１9dlcentｕryarｃhｉtectshadａlreadｙfｏundiｔneceｓｓａryｔoｍaxｉｍizｅthｅsunpenetｒatｉon19. Mosｔliｋely,theａuthorofthispaｓsagｅｉs[A] aｍedｉcaｌdoｃtｏｒ [B]astudenｔwhoｌoveｓspｏrtｓ[C]aｎewsrｅｐorteｒﻩ[D]aｔownｏfｆiｃiａｌｉnSwedeｎ20.ﻩIｎ"thｅHealthyHoｍesｒｅseａrｃｈerspｌantｏkiｔｏｕｔthｅfiｒsteｘperｉmeｎtａlhomewｉthｉntwoyｅars",thepｈｒasｅ＂kｉｔout"meanｓ"to[A] ruleout [Ｂ]inｓtalｌinｔｈeｋitchｅn[C]ｅquipanｄuseﻩ[D]sendｋidsouｔdｏorｓPassageFiｖeMiｇratoｒybｉrｄｓｍａybespｒeaｄingvirusｅsthａｔｃａｕseｂｉrdｆｌｕａｒｏuｎｄtｈeｗorld,saｙsciｅｎtｉsts.Ouｔbreaksｉnpｏｕltｒｙｍaｙbｅcｏmｅｍorecommoniｎthefutuｒe，especiallyiniｌl-preparｅdcountｒieｓ,theywａrn.ＡsｅvｅrestｒainfｏuｎdatadｕckｆaｒmintheUＫlastyearmaｙhavｅｂeeｎcarriedbywildbirdｓoutofRｕｓsiａ,ａccorｄingｔoDutｃhresｅａrｃｈers.Thｅｖirusiｓalｏwhｕmanhｅaｌthrisk，butｗiｌdｂirｄsｏnloｎgｍigratoryroｕtesshoｕldbemonitored，ｔheｙsaｙ.H5N8ｉsastrainｏfbｉrdｆluｔｈａｔapｐearedlａtｅlaｓtyearinRｕssia，EastAsia,NoｒtｈAｍｅriｃａandfourEuropean．ｃountriｅs,includingtheUK.Theiｎfｅcｔｉoｎsｌedｔoｍillｉｏnsｏfpoultrybeiｎgcｕlｌｅd．IｎtheUK,duckswereaffｅcteｄａtafaｒminDrifｆielｄ，Ｙoｒkshｉre.AnoｔhｅｒｏｕtbrｅakｏfbirdfｌuiｎHampsｈiｒetｈiｓwｅekiｓofｔhｅH７N7fｏrmofｔhｅvｉｒus,ｗhｉchisｌesｓsevere.ＳcienｔisｔｓattheＥrａsmusＭｅdicalＣeｎteｒiｎRoｔterｄaｍ,Netherlaｎdｓ,saｙtｈepresenceoftheＨ5viruｓｉｎamｉｇｒatｏｒｙｂirdinＲussiaandotｈerdetｅctionsinｗｉldbirdsandｐoｕｌtryis"worｒiｓomｅ".＂Morｅpoultryｏｕtbrｅaksｃouｌdoｃcuｒintｈefｕture，eｓpｅｃiａｌlyincｏuｎtriｅsthatareill－ｐreｐared,＂ateamledbyDrRoｎFoucｈｉeｒwrotｅｉnthejournal,Scienｃe．"Ｄeｓpitethecurreｎtlylｏwpublicheａｌｔｈriｓk,ｔｈｅｏｕtｂrｅaksshouldbemonitｏｒedclｏsely，giｖｅntｈatseverａlａnimaｌsｐecieｓaｒｅｓuscｅptibｌeａndｔｈatiｎflｕenｚａvirｕseｓaregeｎerallyuｎｐredｉcｔablｅ.＂WｉldbｉrdsｗithlｏngmiｇrａtｏryｒoutｅsｓhouldbemｏｎitoredｆorｅｘpｏsuretoH５Ｎ8andｃontroｌmeaｓurｅｓｉnpoultｒyshｏuldbeupｄaｔed,ａstheyaｐpearｔobe"insuｆfｉｃｉｅnt"，thｅyadded.Scieｎtistsａrealsoinｖestigatingotherwaysthaｔｂｉrｄｆluvirusescanspｒeａdａrouｎdtｈeworｌｄ,iｎｃluｄinｇｔhrｏugｈiｌlegalpoultrytradeanｄｃontaｍiｎationofｖehｉclesorｅquｉｐｍent．ArecentrepｏrｔｆrｏmthｅEuropeanＦoｏdSａfetyAuthｏritysaidｔheｒouteofｓpreadｏfthｅdiseaseremａineｄunceｒtaiｎ.ＩtsaiｄallafｆectｅdfarmsinEｕropehａdkeｐｔｂirdsinｓiｄe,ｓuggeｓtingdirectｔｒansmissioｎfromwｉlｄbiｒdsｔofａrｍedpoultryｗaｓunlikeｌy.ＥxpｅrtssａiｄthｅreｗerenokｎowndｉrectmigratｉonroutesfromEastＡsｉatoEurope,bｕtinfｅctedmigｒatorybirdｓfromＥasｔAsiaｃoｕldintheorypasｓtheｖiruｓontoｏtｈersｐｅciｅsatｂｒｅeｄingandstopoveｒplacｅｓｉnEuｒasia.DrDerekＧathererofLａｎｃasterＵnivｅｒsiｔｙｓａｉdmoｒeresｅａrchiｎtofluｉnwiｌdbirｄpｏｐuｌationｓinｔｈｅUＫwａsneeｄed,espeｃiallyinｓpeciesｍiｇrａｔiｎgiｎfｒｏｍEuroｐe."ThｅBrｉtisｈresponsｅｔoｂirｄfｌｕisorieｎｔｅdtowaｒｄsagricｕlture-that＇sｆineｂecａusｅofcｏursｅweｎeedｔｏpｒｏtectｏｕrｐoｕlｔryinｄusｔry－ｂutinoｒdeｒtoreallyｕnｄｅrｓｔanｄbirdｆluwｅshoulｄalsｏstuｄyitiniｔｓnaturａlsｅｔtiｎg,＂hetｏldBBCNeｗs.＂Ｔheｎｗe'llhaｖeabetｔer'eaｒlywarningｓystem'fｏｒwhaｔmighｔｂeａｔhreattoａgricultｕreｉntｈｅfｕｔｕｒe．＂UKoffｉcｉalssaidｔｅstsｈａdｃｏnｆｉrmｅdtｈeＨampshｉrｅoutｂreakwａsｏfaｌowseｖerityH7sｔrainoｆtｈediｓease,whｉcｈisamuchｌｅｓsseverｅforｍｔhａｎtｈeＨＳN8sｔrainfoundiｎYoｒkｓｈiｒeinNoｖｅmber.ChieｆvetＮigｅlGiｂbenssaｉd:＂Ｗeｈavetakｅｎiｍmeｄiateactiｏｎtｏconｔａintｈisoｕtbreakａｓpａｒtofoｕrrｏbustproｃeduｒesfordeaｌingｓwifｔlｙwｉthaｖｉanｆlｕ."Thｉsｉsalｏwseverityfoｒｍoftｈｅvirｕsandｗｅaretａkingactiontoenｓureｔｈaｔｔheｄｉseasedoeｓnｏtspreadoｒｄevelopｉntｏamｏrｅsｅverefｏrｍ.Weaｒｅinvestigatｉngthｅｐoｓsibleｓourcesoｆtheoutｂreａk.Iwoｕlｄuｒgepoｕltryｋｅｅpeｒsｉnｔhesurrounｄｉngareａtobeｖiｇilantforａnysｉｇnsｏfdiseasｅandtoensuretheyarｅmaintaｉniｎgｇoodbio-securitｙoｎｔheirｐrｅmiｓeｓ.＂ＴｈeDeｐartmenｔfｏrEnvironmeｎｔ,Fｏod＆RuｒaｌAfｆaｉｒsｓaiｄｗaｒdenpａtrｏlsfoｒdiseasｅｄwiｌdbirdｓocｃurredinｅightWildfｏｗlaｎdＷｅｔlaｎdsＴｒｕstresｅrvesinGreaｔＢriｔain,andａnｕmberoｆotherrｅｓeｒvｅｓｗerｅpatroｌlｅdbyvolunｔｅｅｒsfromOctｏbertoMaｒｃh．AnyoｎｅｆｉndｉｎｇfｉveoｒmoreｗildｂirdｓdｅaｄｉnthｅｓamelocａｔioｎisaｄｖiｓedtoreｐoｒｔtheｍtotheDeltａheｌpｌｉne.2１．ﻩIn"Theinfectioｎslｅdtoｍilliｏｎsoｆpoultrybｅingcｕllｅd＂,thewoｒｄ"cｕlｌed"means[Ａ］ｃaｎcｅｌedﻩ[Ｂ］rａiseｄiｎcult[C］soldﻩ［D]killed22．ﻩTheoutbreakofbirｄflushｏｕldｂemoｎｉtｏrｅｄ，because．[A]ﻩpｏultｒyindustrythreatｅｎｓbio－seｃuｒityｉnmanycｏuｎtries[B]ﻩthｅＨ５ｖiｒusｆｒomRussiaismoredanｇerｏｕsthanｏthｅrspecies[Ｃ] wildbirdsspreadvirusａｌlalongtｈｅｉrmigratoｒyｒｏutｅs［D]ﻩｉtisnｏtｓurehoｗmanyａnimaｌscａnｂeaffecｔedbybｉｒｄｆlｕ23.ﻩWhichｏfthｅｆｏｌlｏwiｎｇstatemeｎtｓcanbeｉnferredfromｔheｐａssaｇｅ?［A]ﻩＴｈｅsouｔhｅｒnhｅmｉspｈｅｒeoftｈeearthiｓfreefrombirdflu．[Ｂ］ﻩEvenifｂirdsarｅkeptｉndoors,ｔheymaｙnoｔｂｅsafｅfrｏmbｉrdflu.[Ｃ]ﻩＩｆａcouｎtrｙiswelｌ-prｅpareｄ,ｉtｎeversｕfｆｅrsfroｍｆluoutbrｅａks.［D］ Atpreｓentscientistshaveｆｏundcontrolmeasuｒｅstoprevｅntbiｒdflu.24.ﻩＷhｉchoｆthefollｏwingｓｔａtemeｎtsｉsｋnowntobetｒueoｆbｉrdvｉｒｕs?[A]ﻩItmaysurvｉvｅevenifitisｎoｔinｔhｅbirdbody.[B］ﻩＩtｔｒａnsmitsdｉｒｅctｌythrｏughtｈｅairandbloodtｒａnsｆuｓｉon．[C］ ＩｔisunlikelytocausｅillneｓsｅaｒlｙｉnSpｒｉｎｇ.［D]ﻩItｌeadstｏiｌｌeｇalｐoultryｔradeｓ.２5.ﻩTｈispassａgeismosｔlikeｌytｏｂe.[A］ﻩaｗarniｎｇforｔouriｓｔsｉｓsuedbｙｔhegｏveｒｎmenｔ[B]ﻩaｍｅｄｉcalａdvicefromunivｅｒsityresｅarcｈcｅｎter[C]ﻩa.nｅｗsｐａｐerｒepoｒｔfｏrpublicｉnformation[D]ﻩaｎacadeｍｉcessａｙpｕblｉｓhｅdinprofessionaｌmagａｚiｎeＰaｓsaｇｅSix＂Educaｔiｏn"meanｓdｉｆｆerenｔthiｎgｓtｏｄiffｅｒentpeople.Tosｏmｅｅｌemeｎtarｙａnｄseconｄａryscｈooｌｃhｉldｒen,iｔｃan.beaneｘciｔingｉnｔellectｕａleｘperience;tｏthoｓepｏorlｙｍoｔivａtedｏｒｐｒｅsentedwithａdulｌａnｄunimａginatiｖecｕrriculuｍ，itcanbｅadｅadｅｎｉnｇoｒdeal；toｃｏlｌegｅstｕdenｔs,educaｔｉｏnmａybeameanｓtoacqｕirinｇthｅquａｌｉficａtionｓｆoｒajｏb，ａwayｏfescapingloｗｌysoｃｉaｌcｌassoriｇｉn,ｏr.atｉmeｆorexperimentingwiｔhaｖａrietyofsocialａｎdｐersｏnａlideｎtiｔiｅs;toparents,，educatioｎｆｏｒtheirchｉｌｄrｅnmayreｐresｅntｔhｅrealiｚａｔｉｏnoftheｉrownｕnfulfillｅｄaspiraｔiｏns；ｔoｔhｏsewhｏｏｐerａteｔhescｈｏoｌｓ....teacheｒs,priｎcipals，andａdｍinistraｔｏrs－－-educaｔionｍeａnsaｊob，aｐlaｃeｗhereｃareeｒａspｉrａｔioｎｓmaｙberealizedｏrfrustｒaｔed，whereviablｅreｌaｔiｏnshiｐsｗithｃolｌeaguesandｓｕpｅrvｉsorsmustbｅworｋedout.Thiｓlisｔoftｈｅmeaningｓｏfｅduｃationcoｕldbｅｅｘpaｎdedindeｆｉnｉtely．Howｅver,ｉtｓhouldbeｓuffｉcｉｅｎttｏｉｌluｓtratetｈemultiplemeaｎiｎgsofedｕcａtｉontoｐeopleｉnvariousｒolｅsandsｕｂgroupsｉntheｓociety．Wｈatdoeseducａtiｏnmeantotheｓociologiｓt？Howdｏｅshｅbeｇintostructureandmakesenｓeoutofthismultifａｃｅtedphenomeｎoncaｌｌｅｄedｕcatｉｏn？Bａｓｉｃally,socｉolｏｇｉsｔｓrｅgarｄｅducatｉｏnａsadiｓtinctｉvelｙsociaｌphenomｅnonor"iｎｓtituｔion"whｉch,likeｏthersocｉａlpheｎｏｍeｎa，isamenabｌｅtoobｊectivescieｎtificanalysis.Aｓociologiｃaｌｐｅrspectivｅoneducationrｅquirestｈatone"stepbacｋ"ｆrｏmｔhatwhicｈheisexaminｉｎg,setasｉdｅhispｅrsｏｎaｌaｎｄｃultｕralbｉases,ａndtaｋｅalonｇ,harｄｌｏokattｈeｐhenomｅnonｏfｅducatioｎ．Ｔhiｓｉsnotａneasｙtaｓk．Attｉmesitismaｄｅmoredｉfficｕlｔｂytheｆactｔhattｅachｅｒｓ,administｒatｏrｓ,ａndconｃｅrnedｓegmeｎtsｏftheｐublicｍayexpecｔimmediateansｗerstotｈeｑｕeｓｔionsｏfpolicｙanｄtechniｑｕｅtoｅｍergefromｔｈesｏcｉoloｇiｓt'srｅsearｃhoｎeducaｔｉon.Socioｌogｉsts，onｔheothｅrhanｄ,arepｒｉｍarｉlyconcernｅdwithbuｉlｄinｇaｂoｄyofvｅrifiedknｏwledgｅabouｔeducaｔionａnｄonlyｓecoｎｄarilyｗithｔheproblemｏfapplyingtｈｅiｒfindiｎgｓandｃonｃlusionstoｔｈeｃoncｅrnｓoｆtheｅｄｕcatｉonａlpraｃtitioｎers．Thoｕgｈmostresearchoneducａtionbyｓｏciｏｌｏgistshaｓsｏmepolicyｉｍpｌicatｉons,ｓoｃiｏlｏgiｓtｓｖaｒyintiｔleeｘtenttowhich.theｙspｅllouttheseimpｌicatiｏns,intｈeirwork．Ulｔimately,tｈｅeｘtenｔtowｈｉchthisｉsdonｅisaｍatterｏfstyleａndmｏsｔsocｉｏlogistsｈaveaｄoｐｔeｄastyleiｎwhicｈｐolicyiｍplicａtｉonsａrｅleftｉmpliciｔratherｔhanoｎeinｗhiｃｈexplicitｐrogｒammaｔicｓtateｍｅnｔｓａndpoｌicyreｃomｍendationｓareｍaｄｅ．Tｈereadeｒsareｔheｎｌefｔtoｅxtracｔ(ｉｆtheyｃaｒeto)theimｐlicatiｏnsoｆtｈeresｅarchａndｉdｅａspｒｅｓentedforquesｔionsoｆpolｉcｙaｎｄaｃｔion．2６. Accordｉngtｏｔｈeauthor，eｄucatiｏnenａbleｓstudentstohａvｅallthefollｏwｉnｇEXCEPT［A］ﻩaneｘplanaｔiｏnｏfｓchooleduｃaｔion[B]ﻩａｎeｎｒiｃｈedｌiｆeofｌｅarning[C] achａｎcetｏmoｖeuptheｓｏciaｌlａｄder［Ｄ] enlargingｏｎe'sciｒｃleoffｒiends2７. Tｈｅphrase"thｉsｍultiｆａcｅtｅdｐhｅnomenoｎ"mｏsｔｌikelyｍｅaｎs"aphenomeｎonｔhaｔ[A］isfacilitateｄｉｎmultｉpｌeｗaysﻩ［B]hasmanyaｓｐeｃtsｏfsiｇｎifiｃanｃｅ[Ｃ]doｅsmｕｌtipｌiｃatｉonsﻩ［D]unｄeｒgoeｓmanychanｇｅs28. Itcanbeinfeｒrｅdfromthefｉrstpａｒaｇraphtｈａｔ•[A］ Ｅveryｓtudenｔcanrｅalizetheｉｒｄreamsiｎonewayoｒａnotherｔhroｕgheducaｔiｏn．[B］ Foｒｔｅachersｊoboppｏrtunitiｅsareｒaｒｅoutsidｅthearｅaｏfeducatiｏn.［C] Paｒentshopetohaｖｅtheiｒownｄｒeamsｃometrｕeｉntheiｒchildren.[D］ﻩStｕdenｔswiｔhｌｏwmoｔｉvａtｉｏnusuａｌlｙdｏnoｔhaｖｅdrｅaｍs.２9.ﻩＷhichoftｈefoｌloｗiｎgcoｎclusiｏnsｃaｎbederivedfromthiｓpassaｇe?[A］ﻩEducatｉｏｎalsｏciｏlogiｓtsmｕststepbａckｆroｍtｈｅｒeａｌ-ｔireｐrｏblｅmsｏｆeducatｉｏn．[B］ Edｕcationaｌtechnoｌoｇyisatopｉcforｒesｅarchinedｕcatｉｏｎalsociology.[C］ Reseａｒcｈerｓofeducａtｉonalsocｉoｌoｇyａｒeａllimpartｉalintheirｏｂseｒvaｔｉons．[Ｄ] Ｅｄｕcatｉoｎaltheoriesaｎdpraｃｔicesareｔwodiｆfeｒeｎtenｔｅrｐｒｉｓｅs.30.ﻩWｈatqｕestioｎmｉghttheauthormostlikelycｏntinｕeｔodiscussafterthiｓpaｓsage？[A]ﻩWhｙiseduｃaｔionmultｉｆaceｔｅd？[B]ﻩWｈatdoeｓｓocｉolｏｇymeａntｏstudenｔｓ，teａｃｈｅrs,ｐａrentｓanｄoｔhｅrsｃoｎcｅｒｎed?［C］ﻩWｈatiｓtherｏｌeoｆeｄucatｉonａltechｎolｏgyｉｎｔｅaｃhingpｒａcticｅｓ?［D］ﻩWhyiｓｅduｃatiｏnalreseａrchnecessaryａndwｈaｔａｒｅｉtｓtoｐiｃs?ＩI．Vｏcabuｌａry（１0%;0．５mａrkｅaｃh)31. Thｅtwomｅｎareweｌlﻩｗiｔhｅａchotｈerｓｉｎcetheyoｎcestudｉｅｄｉnｔhesameuniveｒsitｙ.[A］ｒeｃognized [B]acquaintｅdﻩ[C]ａｃkｎowｌedged[Ｄ]ｉdentifｉed32.ﻩWｈenhｙｓterｉaabouｔＡＩDSｆirstiｎfｅｃtｅｄthemedｉainearlｙ198０s，tｈoｓeｉdentifieｄasﻩｗeｒealｌattheｍaｒginsoｆsociｅty.[A］