2023年6月四级听力第一套真题及听力原文

20２3.061sｔＳectionADirectｉons:Ｉntｈisｓecｔioｎ，yoｕwｉllheaｒｔhreenｅwｓrepoｒts.Ａｔtheｅnｄｏfeacｈnｅwsrｅport,youｗｉｌlheaｒｔwoｏrtｈrｅequesｔｉons．Botｈｔhenewsreportａｎdthequestionswｉllｂespｏｋenoｎlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmuｓtcｈoosetｈebｅstaｎｓweｒｆromｔhｅfoｕrchoicesmａrkedＡ),B）,C)ａndＤ）.ThenmarｋtｈecorrespondｉngletｔeｒonAnswerSheeｔ1wiｔｈａsｉnｇlelｉneｔｈroughthecｅnｔre.Questions1and2aｒebaseｄｏntｈenｅwsｒｅportyoｕhavｅjusｔｈeaｒd.1.Ａ)TheIｎterｎａｔionaｌLaｂorOｒgaｎization’skeｙoｂjｅctiｖｅ．B）Thebａｓicsｏcｉalprotectｉoｎｆｏrthｅmostvｕlneraｂｌe.C）Risingｕnemploymｅntｗｏｒｌｄwide.Ｄ)Globalecｏnｏmicreｃovｅｒy.2.Ａ）Ｍaｎycountrieshavｅnottａｋenmeasureｓｔｏｃｒeａｔeｅnｏughｊoｂs.Ｂ）Fｅwｃｏuｎtriesｋnowｈowtｏaddressthｅcｕｒrｅｎｔeconomｉccrｉsiｓ.C）Ｆewcｏunｔrieshａverｅalizedtheserioｕsnessofthecｕrreｎtcrisiｓ.D)Maｎycoｕntrｉesnｅｅdｓｕpportｔｏimprｏvethｅｉrｐeopｌe’slｉvｅlihooｄ.Ｑuｅｓｔｉｏns3and4aｒｅbａsedoｎthｅnewｓrepoｒtyoｕhavejustheard.３.A)Serｖｅstａndａrdizeｄfｏｏdｎationｗide.Ｂ）Ｐuｔcalｏrieinｆorｍaｔｉonｏntheｍeｎｕ.C)Inｃreaｓeproteincontenｔintheｆoｏｄ.Ｄ）Offｅｒcｏnvenientfoｏdｔocustｏmerｓ.４．A)Theywｉllbｅfinｅd．Ｂ)Ｔｈeｙwilｌbecｌosed.C)Ｔheｙｗiｌlgetａｗarｎing.Ｄ）Thｅywillｌｏseｃustomｅrs．Quｅsｔions5to7aｒeｂasedonｔheｎewsrｅｐortyouhavｅjusthｅard.5．A）Ｉｎaｂilitytoｉmｐlemeｎttｈeirbｕsinessplans．C)Lacｋoｆasuｃｃｅｓsfulbusinｅssmoｄｅloｆtheirｏwｎ．B)Ｉｎａbilityｔoｋeeｐｔurnｉｎgouｔnovelpｒoductｓ．D)Failureｅgratｅinｎovaｔioｎinｔotheirbusiｎｅｓｓ.6.A)Itｉsthesｅcrｅttobｕｓiｎesｓsｕccess.B）Itiｓthecrｅaｔionofsomｅthｉnｇnew．Ｃ）Itisaｍａｇictooｌtobringｂigｒewardｓ.D)Ｉtisanesｓｅntialpａrtofbuｓｉnessｃultｕrｅ.7.A）Itｓｈａrdworkｉngemｐlｏyｅes.B）Itsflexiblｅpｒｏmotionstrategy.C）Itｓｉnｎoｖatｉoncｕltｕre.D）Itsｗｉlliｎgnessｔｏmaｋｅinveｓｔmｅｎｔs．SeｃｔionＢDirｅcｔｉｏnｓ：Intｈissｅcｔｉｏn，yｏuｗillhｅartwｏｌｏnｇconversatｉｏnｓ．Attheendofeachｃｏnｖersationsyｏｕwiｌlhearｆｏurquesｔions.Bothｔｈｅconversaｔｉoｎsanｄtheｑuesｔion-swillｂesｐｏｋeｎonlｙonce.Ａfteryｏuhearaｑuestion.YoｕmuｓtchoosｅthebｅstaｎswerfromthefourｃhoicesmａｒkｅｄA），Ｂ),C)andD).ThenmａrkｔhecoｒrespｏnｄiｎgleｔteronAnsｗｅrＳheeｔ１wiｔhaｓinｇleliｎｅｔhroｕｇhthｅcentre.Queｓｔions８to11ａrebａseｄoｎthecｏnversationyouhavejustｈeａrd.8.Ａ）He’sgotaddｉcｔｅdｔotｅchｎoｌｏgy.B)Heisnｏtvｅｒygoodatsoｃializing.C）Hｅｉｓcｒazｙaboｕtteｘｔ-mesｓagiｎg.D）Hedoesnｏtｔａlkｌongonｔhepｈonｅ.9.A）Ｔaｌｋbig.B)Talｋaｔlenｇth．C)Gosｓipａｌot.Ｄ）Forgetherｓelf.10．Ａ)Hethouｇhtitwasｃoｏl.B)Hｅneｅdedｔhepｒactice.C）Heｗａnｔedｔosｔayconnｅｃtｅdｗｉthｔｈｅm.D）Ｈehadanurgentmesｓageｔosend.１1.A)Ｉtposesacｈaｌlｅｎgｅtoｓenioｒs.B)Itsaｖesｂotｈtimeaｎdmoney.C)Ｉｔｉｓcｈildiｓhanduｎprofｅsｓioｎａｌ.D)Itｉscｏoｌaｎdconveniｅnｔ.Questｉons１2ｔo１５arebａseｄontheconｖｅrsaｔionyouhaveｊusｔheard.1２.A）Hｅwaｎｔstｏchａｎgehisjｏbassiｇnment.B)Ｈｅisunhａppｙwiｔｈｈiｓdｅpartmentmanageｒ.C）Hethiｎkshedesｅrｖｅseｘtrａpaｙｆｏroverｔｉｍe．D）Heｉｓｏftenｓinｇｌedｏuｔforcrｉｔicismｂyhisｂoｓs.13.A）Hiswｏｒkloadｗasmuchtooheavy.B）Hisimmediａtebｏssdｉｄnoｔtrｕsｔhim.C）Hisｃolｌeaguesｏfｔenｒefｕseｄｔｏcｏoperａｔｅ.D）Hissａlａrｙwａｓtoolowｆｏrhｉsｒｅspｏnsibilitｙ.1４.A)Hｅneverknｏｗshｏwtoｒｅｆｕsｅ.B)Hｅiｓalwaｙsｒeａdyｔoｈelｐｏthers.C）Hisbｏsshａsaｌｏtofｔrustinhim.Ｄ）Hｉsbｏsshasnosenｓｅoffａiｒneｓs.１5.A)Ｐutallhiｓcｏmplａｉntsinwrｉting.Ｂ）Ｗaitanｄseewhａtｈappenｓｎext．C)Learntｏsaynｏwhｅnｎeｃeｓsary．D）Ｔalktｏｈisbossinpersｏnfｉrst.SecｔionCDirections:Intｈｉssecｔion，youｗillheartｈｒeｅpassaｇeｓ.Attheendofeachpassaｇe,yoｕwｉlｌｈeartｈreeｏrfourqueｓtions.Ｂｏththepasｓaｇeanｄtheｑuesｔioｎswiｌlbesｐokenonlyonce.Ａfterｙoｕhearaｑuestioｎ，youmustcｈooｓetheｂestaｎｓwerfromtｈefoｕrchoiｃｅsmａrkedA),Ｂ）,C)ａnｄＤ).ThｅnmａrktｈｅcｏｒrespｏｎdingletteronAnswｅｒSheet1withａsｉnglelinetｈrｏuｇhtｈecｅntre.Ｑuestionｓ1６tｏ18arebasedｏntheｐaｓsaｇｅyouhaｖejｕｓtheard.16.A）Ｔheimportanceofsleeｐtoahｅalｔhｙlife.Ｂ)RｅasonsｆｏrＡｍericaｎs’declｉnｅiｎsleep．C）Sometipstoｉmprovetｈeｑuaｌityoｆslｅｅｐ.D)Diseａseｓassociateｄｗｉｔｈlaｃkofsｌeep.１7.A)Thｅyaｒｅmoｒehｅaltｈ-cｏnｓcｉｏｕｓ.B）Tｈeyarｅchangingｔheirｌivinghａbits．C）Theyｇｅtlessａnｄlesｓsleep.D)Ｔheyｋｎowtｈｅdangeｒｓoｆlackoｆsleep.１8．A)Theiｒwｅightwillgｏｄowｎ.B）Theirminｄfuncｔiｏｎｗilldeteriｏratｅ.C）Ｔｈeｉrworkｅffiｃiencyｗilｌdeｃrease.D)Thｅｉrｂlｏodpressurｅwillriｓe.Queｓtiｏns19tｏ２1arebａseｄoｎｔhepasｓagｅｙｏuhaｖejｕstｈeaｒd.19.Ａ）Hｏｗmｕｃhｙoucaｎaffordtｏpay.B）Whａｔcoｕｒseｙｏuaregoiｎｇtｏchoose．C)Whiｃhuniｖeｒsityyoｕａreｇoｉnｇtoaｐplyto.D)Ｗhenyｏuaｒegoinｇtosuｂmiｔyouｒaｐpｌｉcaｔioｎ.20.A）Tｈｅlｉｓtofｃoｕrｓｅsstｕdied.Ｂ）Thefuｌlrecordofscｏｒes.C）Ｔherｅｆerencesfｒomtｅacheｒs.D)Ｔheｐｅrsonalｓｔatemeｎｔ．2１.A)Specifywｈattheywouldlikｅtodoaｆteｒgraduatｉoｎ.B)Describeｉｎdetaiｌhｏｗmuｃｈtｈeyｗoulｄenjoyｓtuｄyinｇ．C）Inｄicatｅtheｙhavｅrefｌecｔedandtｈｏughtaｂoutthesubjeｃｔ．D)Empｈasｉｚetｈattheyａdmiretheprofｅssｏrｓintｈeunｉveｒｓｉty.Quｅｓtions22to２５ａrebａｓeｄoｎｔhepaｓsageyoｕｈaveｊｕsｔheard．2２.A)Iｔwasequippｅdwｉthrｕbｂｅｒtｙres.B）Ｉtwaｓbuiltinthelate19thcentury.C）ItwaspurchasedbyｔheＲoｙalfamily.D)ＩtwasdesignedbyaｎEｎｇliｓheｎgｉneer．２3.A)Ｔhｅycｏnｓumedlotsofpetrｏl.B)Tｈeyｔoｏktwopassｅngｅrsoｎｌy.C)Tｈeyweredifficulｔtodrivｅ.D)Theyｏfｔenbrokeｄｏwn.24.Ａ)Theyｗereｐｒodｕcｅdontheaｓsemblｙlinｅ.B)Thｅywerebuilｔwｉtｈleｓscostlymaｔeｒialｓ.C)ＴheｙwｅｒemｏdeleｄａfterＢｒitiｓhcａｒｓ.D）Theyweremadefoｒoｒdinaryｕｓe.25.Ａ)Itｍａdeｎｅwsａlｌoｖeｒtheworｌｄ．B）ＩtwasｂuｉｌtforthｅRoｙalｆaｍily.C)Itｍarｋｅｄａnewerａinmｏtortraveｌ.Ｄ）Ｉｔattrａcｔedlaｒgｅnuｍbersofmotorists.

参考答案1.C）Risingｕnｅmpｌoymentworlｄwide．2.Ｃ)Ｆewｃouｎtｒiesｈａvereaｌizｅdtheｓeｒiousnesｓｏftｈecurｒeｎtcｒｉｓｉｓ．3．Ｂ）Pｕｔcａlorieｉnformaｔiｏｎｏｎtｈeｍｅnｕ.4.A）Theyｗilｌbefineｄ.5.D)Fａiluｒeｔointeｇrateinnoｖaｔioniｎｔotｈeiｒbuｓinesｓ．6．B）Itisthecreationofsｏmｅthingnｅw.7.C)Itsiｎｎovａｔｉoncultｕre.8.

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ｕｎprofeｓsｉoｎaｌ.12.A)Hewanｔｓtｏchanｇehisjｏbassｉgnment．13.A)Hｉsｗorkloadwaｓｍｕｃhtｏohｅavy.14．C)Hisbossｈasalotｏftrｕstinｈｉm.15.D)Ｔaｌktoｈiｓboｓsinpeｒsｏnfirst.16A)Theimｐortａnceｏfsleeｐtoahealthyliｆe17C)Theygetｌessandlesｓslｅep18Ｄ)Theirｂloodpreｓsurewillrise１９.B)Ｗhaｔcoursｅyouaｒegoingtoｃｈoosｅ20.Ｄ)Thepｅrsonalstatｅｍｅｎt２１.Ｃ)Inｄicａｔetheｙhaverｅfｌeｃtedandthｏｕghtabouｔthesuｂjecｔ2２B)Itwａｓbuilｔintｈｅlate19thceｎtuｒy.２3Ｄ)Theyoftenbrokedｏｗn.２4A）Theyweｒeproduｃｅｄoｎtheassemblyline．25C)Iｔmarｋedaneｗeｒaｉnｍotorｔrａvel.NewsRepoｒt1TheInternatｉoｎａlLaborOrｇanizatｉｏnsａysthenumberofpeｏpleｗｉtｈouｔｊobsiｓincreasinｇ.Iｎｉtslateｓｔｕpdａteonglobaleｍｐｌoｙmentｔrendｓ,theageｎｃｙｓayspｒojｅctioｎsoftｈenｕmberofunemｐｌoyedpeoplｅtｈisyeａｒraｎgefrom210milliontoneａrly２40milｌｉｏnpeoｐle.Thereportwａrnsthat2０0miｌｌｉonpoorwoｒkersarｅatｒiskofjoinｉｎgtheranｋｓoｆpｅopｌeｌiviｎgonleｓｓtｈａn2dｏllarspeｒdayinｔhepaｓtｔｈｒeeyears.TheｄirｅｃtorgeneraｌｏftheIｎtｅrnatｉonalLａｂｏrOrgaｎｉｚatｉonＪｕanSomａvianotesthａtsｏｍｅcouｎtrieshavetakｅnｍeａｓuｒestｏaddｒesstheeｆfeｃtsoｆthｅgloｂalcrisis.Howeｖer，ｈeｐｏｉntsoｕtthatmａｎycouｎtrieshａvenotdoｎeso.Andｂaｓedoｎpastexｐeriences,ｉｔtakeｓfourｔoｆｉveｙｅａｒsafｔerecoｎｏmｉcrecoveｒyfoｒuneｍpｌoymenttｏrｅtuｒnｔopre-cｒiｓisleｖeｌs.Mr．SoｍａvｉasａysｔｈeInternationａlLａboｒOrganｉｚationiｓｐｒoposingagｌoｂaljoｂｓ'agｒeｅmenttodealwithｕneｍployｍent.'It'sｋeｙｏbjeｃtｉveistoplaysotheｃenterofrecｏvｅryefforts,measuｒｅｓｔhatwoｕlｄgenｅrateｈighｌeｖeｌsofemｐloymｅntandprｏｖｉｄebaｓicsociａlｐｒoteｃｔiｏnｆorthemostｖulnｅrable．'Q1.Whatisthenewｓreｐortmainlyabout？Ｑ2.Ｗhatdoes,JｕanSomａviａ，thｅdiｒectorgeｎerａlofthｅInternationalLａbｏrOｒganizａｔioｎｓaｙ?NewｓReｐorｔ2BiｇfastfoodcｈainｓｉnNewYorｋCityhａveｓtartｅｄtoｏbｅyaｆirstofitｓkiｎdrule,reｑuｉriｎgｔｈｅmｔopostcaloｒieｃountsｒightoｎthemｅnu．CａthｙＮuｒseｓiswithtｈeNｅwYｏrkCitydeｐartｍｅnｔoｆheａlth,'Wewantedtｏgiｖepeopｌeaｎopportunitｙtoaｃtuallｙsｅetｈecaloriesｂｅfoｒetheypｕrchaｓｅdthefoodaｎdｍａkeadeｃisionandiｎformdecｉsion．Thatiftheｙwaｎttomakｅｔheirhealthierｃｈｏｉｃe,ifthｅｙｗanｔtoeａtｆeｗｅrcaｌoriestｈeｙｃan.Andwｅexpecｔthiswilｌhａveaｈugeimｐactonobesｉｔｙ．Andoｆcourｓｅ,ｉfithａｓanimｐactｏnobesiｔy,ｉtwillhaｖeanｉmpactoｎｄiabｅｔesanｄhｅａrtdiseaseandｈiｇhｂｌｏｏdｐrｅssure.'Thenｅwrulｅsroduｃeasａpartofanｔｉ-obesitycａmｐaiｇｎ．Ｔｈatalｓｏiｎcｌｕdｅsａrecentcｉtywiｄｅbanaｎdartificｉalｔrａns－ｆatsinrｅstaurantfood．Themeｎurollｏnlyａｐpｌieｓtoreｓtaｕrａｎtsｔhatseｒvesｔaｎdａrdｉzedpoｔionsizesandhavefiｆtymｏreｌｏｃaｔiｏnsnａtionwiｄe．SｔarｔinglaｓtSａturｄay，chａｉnsbigenouｇhtofａlｌuｎｄeｒtheｒulewillｆaｃepenaｌtiｅsaｂoｕt202３ｄolｌaｒsforｎotshｏwingcalorｉｅinfｏｒｍatioｎiｎａprominｅntspotｏntｈｅirｍenusｐrｅfeｒablynextｔotｈｅｐｒice．Q３.ＷhａｔａｒebiｇｆａｓtfoｏdchaiｎsinＮewYorｋCｉtyｒｅquｉretodoacｃordｉｎgtｏthenewrule?Q4.Ｗhaｔwouldｈappｅnｔobigrｅstaurａnｔchainsｔｈatviｏlaｔethenewrule？ＮeｗsRｅpｏrtThrｅｅAｌｍostａllｃomｐaniｅsrｅcｏgｎｉｚｅtheiｍpｏｒtanｃeoｆinnoｖaｔｉonｔoday.Butnotmａnｙarｅaｂletoiｎtegrateiｎnｏｖａｔｉonｉntｏtheirbusineｓs．AcoｍｍeｎｔａｒyiｎｔheShanghaｉＤaiｌypointｓｏｕtthａtｉnnｏvaｔiｏndoesn'tmeａnpiｌesofdｏcumeｎｔs.Itissomeｔhingmoｒeprａcticaｌ.Ｔheartiｃlesａyｓmａnｙpeopleteｎｄtoassumethaｔinnovaｔiｏnｊuｓｔｍｅａnscreatiｎｇｓomeｔhｉngnｅw,buｔactualｌｙｉt＇smｏreｔｈaｎtｈat.It'saｎattitｕdeｏfdoingthingｓ．Acompaｎyshouldｆiｎdｗaysｔoinnovａtenｏｔjｕsｔｉnprodｕctsｂuｔalsｏinｆunctionｓ,ｂuｓｉnessmodelsandprocｅsses.ThｅartｉclｅｃitestｈegｌobalgiａntProcｔer&Gaｍbleasａnexａmpｌe，sayingarealinnovativecoｍpａnｙshoulddevelopaninnｏvａtioncｕltureanduseiｔaｓapriｍarytoolｆｏrsuｃｃｅｓs.Pｒocter&Gamblｅhａsa“CorpｏｒatｅInnoｖａｔionＦund”whｉchoｆferｓbigｒewａrdsforhigｈ－riｓｋｉｄeasthatｓuｃｃeeｄ.Iｔalsoｈasａspｅｃialinｎｏvａtionｆａciｌｉtyforiｔsemｐｌoｙｅes.Ｓｏmeｔimesiｔｓｅmployeｅsａｒeｒeleaseｄfｒoｍｔheirdａilyjoｂｓforｗeeｋsaｎdsｐenｄtｈeｉrｔｉmｅｉnｔeracｔiｎgiｎtheinnovaｔioｎfａciliｔyｉnsｔeａd.Ｉｎconcｌusion,ｔｈeaｒticlesaｙｓinnoｖativeideasaｌｏneｄonoｔｅnsｕｒeｓｕccｅss.Ｉt'spointlｅssunｌｅsstheｒeｉｓarepｅatablｅprocessinｐlaｃeｔoｔurnoｆinａncialｐerformaｎcｅ.Q5.Ｗhａtiｓtheｐｒobｌeｍwiｔhmanycompaniesａｃcordinｇtｏｔｈenewsrepｏrt?Q6.Whatdomanyｐeoｐletｅｎｄtothinkoｆinnovatｉon?Q7.ＷhatdoｅstｈecompａnyPrｏcteｒ&Gamblｅｏwｅitsｓucｃessｔｏ?【Ｃonverｓaｔiｏn】ＣｏnｖｅrｓatioｎOｎeＭ:So，Liｎｚy,doyouｌikeｔｏtｅxtmｅsｓageｏnyourｃeｌlpｈoｎe?W:Yｅah,Itextmessａgealot.Ｍ：Idon'ｔdｏitｓomuｃｈ.IpreｆerｔｏmaｋeacaｌlifＩ'minaｈurｒy.W:Yeａh，Igoｂotｈｗays.SomeｔｉmesIｄon’treａｌlｙwanttｏtａｌktｏｔｈepｅrｓon.Ijustｗanttoａsｋｔheｍoｎeｑuestiｏn,soｉｔ'ｓmucheａsｉerformejusttoｔextmesｓage.IｆＩcallthem,I'ｌｌhａveｔｏｈaveaｌｏngcｏnvｅrsation．M:Yeah,Icanｓeewhatyoｕmean.ＢｕtＩgetofｆthephonｅprｅｔtyquicｋlywhｅｎIcａｌl.I'mnotabigtａlker．W:Yｅah,tｈat'ｓtrｕｅ.Yｏｕdoｎ'ttalkalot.M:Soａreyoufastatｗriｔingthｅmｅssagｅswｉthｙourthｕmb?Ｗ:Well,wheｎＩfirstgｏtａｃellphｏｎｅ，Iwａssｏsloｗ．ItｈｏuｇｈtIwouｌdneｖerｔextｍessage.Bｕttheｎpｅoplekｅpttｅxｔmeｓsagingme,soＩｆeltoｂｌigｅdtoｌｅａrｎhｏｗtotｅｘtmessａge.SonowI＇ｍｐreｔtｙfasｔ.Ｗhatａboutyoｕ?M:AｃｔuallｙＩhavethｅoｐpｏｓｉｔeｐrobｌｅm.WheｎIfirsｔｇotmycｅｌlphonｅ,Itｈougｈtitwassocooltｏtextｍｅssagｅａllmyfrｉenｄｓwhｏｈaveone,ａndIwasprettｙｆaｓｔwｉｔｈmythumbｔhen．ＢｕtｉtseeｍslｉkeｎoｗＩdon＇tuseiｔｓｏmuch,I'vegotｓloｗeraｃtｕally.W:Yeah，Ithiｎｋtexｔｍessagingａcｔuａllyiswhatyouhavetｏｄoｗithyourage.Ｆorexample,pｅoｐlｅinｈighｓcｈooｌ,ｔheｙｔextmｅsｓageａlot.ButIａskmyfathｅｒｉfｈｅtexｔｅdmｅsｓａｇeｓ，anｄgｕｅsswhatｈeｓaiｄ?Ｍ:What?W:Heｓaidhｅ'dneｖertｅｘtｍeｓsage．Hｅｔｈinｋsｉt＇sveｒyｃhiｌdisｈandunｐrofessionaltotextmｅssagｅ.M:Yeaｈ,Icanseeｗhａｔhｅmｅans.It＇sconｓｉdｅredｐｒetｔrmａｌtoｔextmesｓａgｅtoｓｏmｅｏne.Questiｏns8ｔo11aｒeｂasｅdonｔｈecoｎvｅｒｓationyou'vｅｊｕsthearｄ.Q8：Whatdoesｔhｅｍansayａboutｈimsｅlf?Q9：Whatdoestｈewｏｍantｅｎdtodowｈileｓheｉｓonｔhｅｐhｏｎe?Q１0:Whydiｄthｅmantｅxtmessageａllhｉsfrｉendsｗhenhefｉrstgoｔhiｓｃelｌｐｈｏｎe?Q１１：Ｗhatdoesthewｏman'sfathｅrｔhinkoftextmessaｇinｇ?ConversａtiｏnTwoＷ：Ｇｏodmornｉnｇ，Ｍr.Johｎｓon．HｏｗcanＩhelpyou?Ｍ：Well,Ｉ'dlｉketotaｌkｔoyouabｏuｔTｉｍBond，theｄepartmeｎtmａnａger．W:Ｗhaｔsｅemｓtｏbetheｐrｏbｌem?Ｍ：Well,eversinceSaｎdraｌefｔtｈｅdeｐartment,ＩfeellikｅI'vebｅeｎｔargetedtodｏallhｅrworkaｓｗellaｓｍｉne.Ｉ'meｘpecｔedｔｏａtｔｅｎdtooｍａｎymｅeｔｉngｓaｎｄIｓｅｅmｔoｂespenｄｉngalｏｔofmytｉmedoingunnecessarypapeｒｗｏrk.W:Ｉ'msoｒｒytｏheａrthａt.M:And,ontｏｐｏftｈaｔ,I'dspｅｃifｉcaｌlyaskeｄiｆＩcouldleaｖeｅarlylastFｒiｄaｙaｓＩdoneaｌｏtoｆoverｔｉmeｄuｒingthｅwｅｅk.Butｔhａtafｔerｎoon,eｖenthouｇｈI'dfinｉshｅdmｙassignedwork,Iwastoldtｏhelｐoｔherｃｏｌleaguesfｉnishｔｈeirwork，toｏ.W:Bｕtsuｒelyｔhａt'saｐosiｔｉvｅsiｇnshowinｇthatMr.Bｏｎdhａsaｌｏtoftｒｕstiｎｙou.Ｍ:Yes，ｂuｔotｈercolleaｇuesgettoleaveeaｒlｙ,andthｅｙdoｎ'ｔhavesuｃhａlotofwｏrktodｏ.W：Soyoufeelhe'sｒeallymａkｉｎgunｒeａlｉｓｔicdemandsonyou？M:Yes，aｂsoｌuｔely.W:HaveyouapｐroachｅdMｒ.Ｂonｄabｏｕｔtｈｉspａｒticｕlａrpｒoblem?M:I＇vetｒied,ｂutiｔseｅmslｉｋeｈejuｓｔhaｓnotimｅforme.Ｗ:Well,atthｉsｓtagｅ,iｔwouldbeｂｅtｔerifyouapprｏａｃhedｈimdｉreｃｔlｙ.Ｉfｎothingelsesｈowiｎgtｈatyoｕ'vetriedｔosoｌvetｈblemyourseｌfbeforeyｏｕtakｅｉｔfｕrtｈer.Ｍakeｓitcleartｈａtｙou＇ｒｅjｕsｔnｏtplainer.Ｗhydｏn'tyousendａnemaiｌreqｕestiｎgａmｅｅtingwithhiminpｒivate?Ｍ:Ｈmm,Ｉ'ｖebeenaｂitworrｉedabouthiｓrｅacｔioｎ.BｕｔanywayＩ'llsendhimanemailｔoreｑuｅstａmeeting,ａｎｄI＇llseewhａｔｈappensｆroｍｔhere.Ｔhanksforyoｕradvice．W:Ｇoｏdlｕcｋ.Andlｅｔuskｎowｔhｅoutｃome.Ｑuestｉonｓ12to15ａrebａｓedonｔｈｅcoｎversａｔionyou'vejustｈeard.Q12．Whatdoweｌｅarｎaｂｏutｔhｅmanfromｔｈeｃonｖersation?Ｑ13.Wｈatisthｅmaｎ＇schiefcｏmｐlaiｎｔ?Ｑ14．Howdoｅsｔheｗoｍaninteｒｐｒetthefactthａtthｅmanｗａsasｋedtｏhｅlｐhiscoｌleａgｕesｗｉｔhｔhｅｉrwork?Q15.Wｈａtdidthewｏmaｎａｄvisethｅｍantoｄo?【Passagｅs】ＰassaｇｅOneThemassｉｖeｄeclineiｎｓlｅeｐｈappｅnedsoｓｌowlyaｎdquｉetｌythaｔfewseeｍedtonoticｅthetｒeｎｄ．ＷａsitbecauseofthegrowingattracｔionoｆtｈｅInｔernet,videogamesaｎdｅｎdｌeｓｓTVchａnｎelｓ?Ｎeｖerdisconnｅctingｆrｏmwork?Nomaｔterhoｗithapｐeneｄ,milliｏｎsoｆＡｍericａｎsarepｕttingｔｈeirheａlth,qualｉｔyｏflifeaｎdｅvｅnｌengthoflifeindaｎgeｒ.Neweｖidencｅshowswhygｅttingenoｕghsleeｐｉsａｔopprｉority.Ｓomｅ40％ofAmerｉcansgｅtlesｓtｈan7hｏuｒsｏfshut-eｙeonweekｎiｇhts."Tｈｅlｉnkｂｅｔｗeenslｅepａndheａlth，aｎdｂaｄsｌeeｐanddｉｓeａｓeiｓｂecoｍｉnｇｃleaｒeｒandcｌeａrer.＂saysLaｗrenceAlberstaｉne,aｓｌｅｅpexpｅｒｔａtHarvardＵｎiｖersｉtｙ.Foｒexampｌｅ，slｅepduｒatｉｏnｈａｓｄeclinedfromsome8hoursinthe195０stｏ７ｉnｒecｅntｙeａrs.Attheｓamｅtｉｍｅ,ｈighbloｏdprｅsｓｕｒｅhaｓｂeｃｏmeanｉncreasingｐroblｅm.Blooｄpressｕｒｅandｈeaｒtrａtｅaｒｅtypiｃallyatｔｈeiｒlowestleveｌｓduringsleep.Peoｐｌewhｏｓleepｌessｔｅｎｄtｏhａvｅｈigｈerbloodｐｒessurｅ,heartattack,diaｂetｅs,weｉghｔgainanｄotｈｅrpｒｏblems．Ｓlｅｅpｉnｇｂettｅrmayhｅlpｆightoffillnｅｓs."Ｗhｅnpｅopleaｒesleeｐ-derivｅd，ｔherearehigherlevelsofsｔresshormoneｓｉnthｅｉrｂodｉesｗhiｃhcａndecreａsｅimmuｎｅfunｃｔion．＂saysDoctoｒFelｉｃe,ofNorthwesterｎUｎiverｓityinChicａgo.AuniversiｔyｏfＣhicａｇosｔudｙｓhowspｅoplewhｏsleｅｐwelllivelｏngeｒ.Soｓaygoodnighｔsoｏneranditmａyhelｐyouｓｔayaｃｔiｖeandvｉｔalｔoａriｐeolｄage.Q16.Wｈatisthesｐeａｋｅrmaiｎlyｔalkｉngaｂｏuｔ?Q1７.Whaｔdowelearnfroｍｔheｔalkabouｔtｏday'sAmericans?Q１8．Whatｄｏｅstheｓpeakeｒsayｗillhａppｅntoｐeopｌeｗhｏｌacksｌeep?PassageTｗｏParentsanｄteachｅrswiｌltellyounoｔtoworrywhenaｐplyingfoｒaplacｅataunｉvｅrｓity．Butｉntｈｅｓameｂｒｅａtｈｗillｒemｉndyoｕthatitistｈemｏｓtiｍportantdeciｓｉoｎｏfyｏurlife.Tｈefiｒｓtdecisiｏnisyoｕｒｃhoicｅofｃourｓe.Iｔwilｌdependonｗhａtyｏｕwａｎｔtogetoｕｔofunｉversｉty,wｈａtyoｕａregｏodａtanｄwhatyｏueｎｊoｙ.Ｔheneｘｔdｅcisioniswheｒetoaｐｐlｙ.Aimhighbuｔwｉtｈinrｅason.Doyoｕhaｖｅtheriｇhtcｏｍbinatｉｏnｏfsuｂjecｔｓａnｄarｅyouｒｅxpectｅdgｒａｄesｌikelytｏmeetentryrｅquirements？ＴhｅdｅaｄｌineisＪanｕaｒy１５ｔh.Ｂutｉtisbｅsttｏｓｕbｍｉｔyｏｕrappｌicaｔｉoｎeaｒlybeｃａuseuniｖersｉtiesbｅgiｎｗorｋａｓsooｎasｆormｓｓtartrolｌｉngiｎ.Tｈemｏstｉmportantpartoｆthｅａｐplicationｉsｔhemuchfearedpersｏｎalｓｔaｔemeｎｔ．Tｈｉｓｉｓyourｃhancetoconveｙboｕndlｅsｓentｈusiasmforｔhｅsubjｅct．Soeconoｍyofexprｅssiｏｎiｓforemost.Oｍitdullａnｄinｅｆfectivｅｇｅnｅｒaｌitｉeｓanｄｍakesureyｏｕｇivecｏncｒeteexａｍpｌｅｓ.Ａdmiｓsioｎｓoｆｆicｅrsreaｄeverｙpersｏnaｌstａtｅmentｔhａtａrrivｅｓ．Itisｎotconviｎcｉngifｙoｕsayyｏuhavechoseｎthesubjｅｃtｂecａｕseyouenｊoyit.Ｙoｕhavetoｇetaｃrosswｈａｔitisａｂｏｕtaｐarticuｌarａreatｈaｔhasinspｉｒedyｏu．Tｈｅｙwｉｌlｌooｋfoｒeｖidencethａｔyouhaveｒefｌｅctｅdａnｄthoughｔaｂouttｈesubjeｃｔ．Apｐlicantｓｓhoｕldbehonest.Thｅreisnopoｉnｔsayingyouｒunmaratｈons,ifyouaregｏingｔ