2020年高考真题-英语(北京卷)英语试题(含答案解析)

2020年高考真题——英语（北京卷）英语试题（含答案解析）高考真题高考模拟高中联考期中试卷期末考试月考试卷学业水平同步练习2020年高考真题——英语（北京卷）英语试题（含答案解析）2020年高考真题——英语（北京卷）英语试题（含答案解析）PAGEPAGE242020（北京卷）英语试题（案解析）OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood 1 (play)abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"said.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're 2 (luck)enoughtohaveclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem 3 youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.【答案解析】1.plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying2.lucky3.if/whether【分析】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。【1题详解】进行时。故填plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeen。【2题详解】考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。【3题详解】youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey 4 away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears 5 (break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantropseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime,thebagsfallapart 6 countlesstinypieces,andfishcanaccidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now,lotsof 7 (country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.【答案解析】4.arethrowntobreakinto/to7.countries【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了一次性塑料袋的危害，应禁止使用。【4题详解】用一般现在时，主语they（Single-useplasticbags）和谓语动词throware。【5题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型Ittakessb./sth.+一段todosth（物多长时间干某事todo）Ittobreak。【6题详解】其中一些。固定搭配fallapartinto/to..（分崩离析成……，介词into/to可表“进/变成……”。故填into/to。【7题详解】lotsofcountries。Apieceofstone 8 (find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincts,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals 9 humanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere 10 （smart）thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.【答案解析】8.foundlived/hadlived/hadbeenlivingsmarter德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。【8题详解】德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。【9题详解】设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语fortensofthousandsof。故应用一般过去时。故答案为lived/hadlived/hadbeen。【10题详解】空处前为werethanthan。Myfaithinhumannaturehasneverbeensogreatasitwaslastweekendourfamilyget-togetherinthetownofVail.OnSaturday,weallwenttothemarketrightinthemiddleofthetown.Nearend,weall11atthefountainnearthebridge,andthekids）aroundinthefountainuntilwe12Thisisoneofthebusiestwalkingstreets.Afterwereturnedtothehotellateintheafternoon,my7-year-oldsonPonder 13 thatnowherecouldhefindhisbackpack,which 14 hisGameboyandhiswatch.Afterathorough 15 wedeterminedthathemusthaveleftatthefountain.Ponderhasnever 16 anything.Sowejusttakeforgrantedthatheneedssupervision（指导）formanaginghis 17 .Hewasupset,notabouttheGameboy,butaboutthewatch."ButDad,"hesaid,throughmassive 18 ,"theydon'tmakethatkindofwatchanymore."Wewereallvery 19 .Ourdinnerreservationwasatarestaurantjustontheothersideofthebridge,soI 20 himthatwewouldnotonlysearchtheareaaroundthefountainwhenwewentbackfordinner,butwewouldalsofindthepoliceandaskthemifthebackpackhadbeen 21 .Asweexitedfromtheparkinggarage,wecouldseethefountainaswewalkedthelongstaircase.Isawsomethingblack 22 there,butitwasrighttoawomanstandingbythefountain,soIcouldnot 23 whatitwasorifitwashers."Seeit,Dad?"Pondershouted."Don'tgettoo 24 becausethatmaynotbeit,"Isaid.Butthatwasit.Ithadbeenfiveorsixhourssinceweleftthefountain,anditwas 25 there.TherewasnoIDinit,anditlookedlikesomeonelookedthroughitandthensetitrightoutwhereallcould 26 it.Iliterally 27 whenwereacheditanditwashis！Everyoneinourpartywasblownawaybythis"miracle（奇迹Inmywildest 28 ,Iwouldneverimaginedthatthiscouldhappennowadays.Whatacharmedlife,eh?Ibelievethiswasaperfect29forachildinlosingsomethingimportant…toloseitandfeelthefull30ofthatloss,andthentomiraculouslygetitback.A.droveB.hikedC.metD.united12A.landedB.leftC.settledD.sleptA.respondedB.recognizedC.realisedD.recalledA.containedB.combinedC.comprisedD.coveredA.preparationB.checkupC.revisionD.searchA.wastedB.lostC.soughD.desertedA.emotionB.timeC.moneyD.stuffA.tearsB.fistsC.reliefsD.outbreaksA.hesitantB.curiousC.sadD.eagerA.promisedB.informedC.warnedD.taughtA.wornoutB.caughtupC.putawayD.turnedinA.hidingB.sittingC.swingingD.flowingA.assessB.declareC.tellD.predictA.excitedB.puzzledC.relaxedD.amusedA.alreadyB.evenC.almostD.stillA.takeB.seeC.touchD.protectA.panickedB.explodedC.collapsedD.criedA.dreamsB.claimsC.effortsD.passionsA.modeB.lessonC.optionD.plotA.rangeB.pressureC.weightD.harvest【答案解析】11.C12.B13.C14.A15.D16.B17.D18.A19.C20.A21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C到了，这让作者真正意识到了人性信仰的伟大。【11题详解】A.droveB.hikedmetunited由上文的weallwenttothemarketrightinthemiddleofthe可知，作者一家集合。故选C【12题详解】A.landed着陆；B.left离开；C.settled定居；D.slept睡觉。由上文Neartheend离开。故选B【13题详解】7岁的儿子庞德意识到，他找不到他的背包，里面包含（装）A.responded回答；B.recognizedC.realisedD.recallednowherecouldhefindhisbackpack和下文到处找背包可知，庞德意识到他找不到他的背包了。故选C【14题详解】7岁的儿子庞德意识到，他找不到他的背包，里面包含（装）A.containedcombined结合；C.comprisedcoveredcontain暗指容关系，应用contain。故选A【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过彻底搜查，我们断定他一定是把它落在喷泉边了。A.preparation准备；B.checkup检查；C.revision修订；D.search搜寻。由下文的wedeterminedthathemusthaveleftitatthefountain可知，作者他们断定庞德一定是把它落在喷泉边了，说明他们肯定经过了彻底搜查。故选D项。【16题详解】A.wastedB.lostC.soughdeserted抛弃。由下文语境可知，作者他们认为庞德不需要人来监督管理自后句是因果关系。故选B【17题详解】A.emotiontimeC.moneyD.stuff丢失过任何东西，作者他们相信庞德，所以他们才不监督管理庞德的东西。故选D【18题详解】A.tears眼泪；B.fists拳头；C.reliefs放松；D.outbreaks暴发。由上文的Hewasupset和下文的theydon'tmakethatkindofwatchanymore可知，庞德很难过，因为这种手表不再生产，他难过的流眼泪了。故选A项。【19题详解】A.hesitantcurioussadeager肯定也感到伤心。故选C【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：我们预订的晚餐就在桥对面的一家餐馆，所以我承诺他，我们去吃晚饭时，不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察，问他们背包有没有上交A.promised承诺；B.informed通知；C.warned警告；D.taught教。由下文的wewouldnotonlysearchtheareaaroundthefountainwhenwewentbackfordinner,butwewouldalsofindthepoliceandaskthemifthebackpackhadbeen 11可知，作者承诺了庞德他们会尽力寻找背包，不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察。故选A项【21题详解】去吃晚饭时，不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察，问他们背包有没有上交A.wornoutcaughtup赶上；C.putaway收起；D.turnedin上交。由上文的butwewouldalsofindthepoliceD【22题详解】A.hidingB.sittingswingingflowingitwasrightnexttowomanstandingbythefountainB【23题详解】A.assessB.declaretellD.predictitwasrightnexttoastandingbythefountainC【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要太激动，因为可能不是你的背包。A.excited兴奋的；B.puzzledrelaxedamused"Seeit,Dad?"PondershoutedA【25题详解】A.already已经；B.evenalmostD.stillwhenwereachedanditwashisD【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：里面没有身份证，看上去好像有人看过，然后把它放在所有人都A.takeseetouchprotectTherewasnoIDinit和thensetitrightout可知，包里没有身份证，有人把身份证放在外面，是为了让人看到，辨认身份。故选B项。【27题详解】panicked恐慌；B.explodedC.collapsedD.cried迹，作者感动得哭了。故选D【28题详解】A.dreams梦想；B.claimsC.effortspassionsIwouldneverhaveimaginedthatthiscouldhappen在喷泉那儿，没人拿走，这简直是个奇迹，作者做梦都未想到这种事会发生。故选A项。【29题详解】A.modeB.lessonC.option选择；D.plot后奇迹般地找回它，这可以给孩子一个教训（让孩子珍视自己拥有的东西B【30题详解】A.rangepressureweight重量；D.harvestC5Lancomisaworldwidelanguagelearningappandaleaderinlinelanguagelearningindustrywithmillionsofactivesubscribers.Wehouseabroadrangeofexpertsunitedbythecommongoalofcreatingthebestlanguagelearningtoolspossible.WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandcultureresearchers,ourmulti-languageexpertsendowLancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldoflanguageleaning.Ourcourses,totalling20,000hoursofcontentin20differentlanguages,guaranteeyoulanguageskillsyoucanuserightaway.AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.Examplesanddialoguesarerecordedwithrealnativespeakersinsteadofautomaticcomputers.Lancomtrainsyourbraintolearnefficiently,soyouabsorbmoreinformationwhileintheappandcontinueleaningoutsideofit.Theappmakespracticallanguagelessonsavailablewhereverandwhenever.Weworkdirectlyforourleaners,notforanythirdparty.Andit'sallsupportedbyanefficientcustomerserviceteam,availablethroughtelephone,emailandonlinechat.Millionsoflearnershavetheirownstoriesandtheirownreasonsforlearninganewlanguage.LancomcaresaboutyouandaddressesyourindividuallearningLancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyournativelanguage,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.Ourcontentisaboutreal-lifetopicsthatarerelevantbecauseweknowwhatmatterstoyouiswhatsticksbest.Youwill,finditveryrewardingtolearnwithLancom.ChooseYourSubscriptionandGetStarted1month3months6months12months$12.95/m$8.95/m$7.45/m$6.95/mBuywithconfidence:21-daymoneybackguarantee!Ifyouaren'tsatisfied,justtoCustomerServicewithin21days.Contact&Support:customerservice@WhocanprovideLancomwithahugepotentialforinnovationinlearning?A.Cultureresearchers.B.AIspecialists.C.Languageexperts.D.Artdesigners.WhatliesatthecoreoftheLancomapp?A.Aflexiblesystem.B.Aneffectivemethod.C.Thebrain-trainingtechnique.D.Theinformativecontent.Lancomclaimsthatitisuniqueinits .A.personalisedcoursesB.multiplelanguagesC.pricingpolicyD.serviceteam【答案解析】31.C32.B33.A这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个名为Lancom的全球性语言学习应用程序，介绍了其特色、价格以及联系方式等信息。【31题详解】“WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandcultureresearchers,ourmulti-languageexpertsendowLancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldoflanguageleaning.”师和文化研究者的建议下，我们的多语言专家为Lancom在语言学习领域提供了巨大的创新潜力。由此可知，语言专家为Lancom。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.”应用程序的核心是有效的方法。故选。33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lancomistheonlyprcttooffercoursestailoredyournativelanguage,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.”是唯一一款为您的母语量身定制课程的产品。BaggyhasbecomethefirstdogintheUK—andpotentiallytheworld—tojoinfightagainstairpollutionbyrecordingpollutantlevelsneartheground.Baggywearsapollutionmonitoronhercollarsoshecantakedatameasurementsclosetotheground.Hermonitorhasshownthatairpollutionlevelsarehigherclosertogroundlevel,whichhashelpedhighlightconcernsthatbabiesandyoungkidsmaybeathigherriskofdevelopinglungproblems.Conventionalairpollutionmonitorsarenormallyfixedonlamppostsataboutfeetintheair.However,sinceBaggystandsataboutthesameheightasachildina婴儿车,shefrequentlyrecordspollutionlevelswhicharemuchhigherthanthedatagatheredbytheEnvironmentAgency.ThedoggydataresearchwastheideaofBaggy's13-year-oldownerTomHuntandhisdadMatt.TheEnglishyoungsternoticedthatpollutionlevelsarearoundtwo-thirdshigherclosetothegroundthantheyareintheairattheheightwheretheyarerecordedbytheagency.Tomhassincereportedtheshockingfindingstothegovernmentinanattempttoemphasisethatbabiesareathigherriskofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）.MattHuntsaidhewas"veryproud"ofhissonbecause“whentheboygetsanidea,hekeepshisheaddownandgetsonwithit,andhereallydoeswanttodosomegoodandstopyoungkidsfromgettingasthma."“Tombuiltupapassionforenvironmentalprotectionataveryearlyage,"Mattadded.“Hebecameveryinterestedingadgets（小装置Aboutoneyearago,hegotthisnewpieceoftechwhichislikeatesttube.OneSundayafternoon,wewentouttodosomemonitoring,andhesaid,whydon'tweputitonBaggy'scollarandhermonitorthepollution？'Sowedidit."Tomsaid,"Mostofthetime,Baggyisjustlikeanyotherdog.Butfortherestthetimesheisasuperdog,andweareallreallyproudofher."Withamonitoronhercollar,Baggycan .A.takepollutantreadingsB.recordpollutantlevelsC.processcollecteddataD.reduceairpollutionWhatcanwelearnfromtheBaggydata?Highplacesarefreeofairpollution.Higherpushchairsaremoreriskyforkids.Conventionalmonitorsaremorereliable.Airismorepollutedclosertotheground.WhatisTom'spurposeofdoingtheresearch?A.Towanofahealthrisk.B.Tofindoutpollutionsources.C.Totesthisnewmonitor.D.ToproveBaggy'sabilities.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeTomHunt?A.Modest.B.Generous.C.Creative.D.Outgoing.【答案解析】34.B35.D36.A37.C13岁的孩子TomHunt高，这有助于强调婴儿和幼儿可能面临更高风险发展肺部问题的担忧。【34题详解】Baggywearsapollutionmonitoronhercollarsoshecantakedatameasurementsclosetheground.Baggy在她的衣领上戴着污染监测器，这样她就可以在接近地面的地方进行数据测量。可知戴着污染监测器可以记录污染物的水平。故答案为B【35题详解】推理判断题。本题题干意为：我们从Baggy收集到数据中可以了解到什么？根据文章第二段Hermonitorhasshownthatairpollutionlevelsarehigherclosertogroundlevel,whichhashelpedhighlightconcernsthatbabiesandyoungkidsmaybeathigherriskofdevelopinglungproblemsD【36题详解】推理判断题。本题题干意为：进行这项研究TomTomhassincereportedtheshockingfindingstothegovernmentinanattempttoemphasizebabiesareathigherriskofdeveloping哮喘汤姆已经令人震惊的发现报Tom研究的目的是对健康风险提出警告。故答案为A【37题详解】推理判断题。本题题干意为：根据文章，哪个词最能描述汤姆·“Hebecameveryinterestedingadgets（小装置）.Aboutoneyearago,hegotthisnewpieceoftechwhichislikeatesttube.OneSundayafternoon,wewentouttodosomemonitoring,andhesaid,whydon'tweputitonBaggy'scollarandhermonitorthepollution？'Sowedidit."汤姆在很小的时候就对环境保护产生了热情，Baggy让她监测污于是我们就这么做了。可知Tom是非常的有创造力的。故答案为C 项。Forthepastfiveyears,PaulaSmith,ahistorianofscience,hasdevotedherselftore-creatinglong-forgottentechniques.Whiledoingresearchforhernewshecameacrossa16th-centuryFrenchmanuscript（手稿）consistingofnearly1,000setsofinstructions,coveringsubjectsfromtoolmakingtofindingthebestsand.Theauthor'sintentionremainsasmysterios神秘ashisname;hemayhavebeensimplytakingnotesforhisownrecords.ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythethatshedidn'ttrulygraspanyoftheskillstheauthordescribed."Yousimplycan'tgetanunderstandingofthathandworkbyreadingaboutit,"shesays.ThoughSmithdidgetherhandsonthebestsand,doingthingstheold-fashionedwayisn'tjustaboutplayingaroundwithFrenchmud.Reconstructingtheworkofthecraftsmen（工匠）wholivedcenturiesagocanrevealhowtheyviewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,andwhatwentonintheworkshopsthatproducedItcanevenhelpsolvepresent-dayproblems:In2015,scientistsdiscoveredthata10th-centuryEnglishmedicineforeveproblemscouldkilladrug-resistantvirus.Theworkhasalsobroughtinsightsformuseums,Smithsays.OnemustknowhowobjectwasmadeinordertoWhat'smore,reconstructionsmightbetheonlywaytoknowwhattreasureslookedlikebeforetimeworethemdown.ScholarshaveseenthisideainpracticewithancientGreekandRomanstatues.Thesesculptureswerepaintedarainbowofstrikingcolours.Wecan'tappreciatekindsofdetailswithoutseeingworksofartastheyoriginallyappeared-somethingSmithbelievesyoucandoonlywhenyouhavearoadmap.Smithhasputthemanuscript'sideasintopractice.Herfinalgoalistolinkworldsofartandsciencebacktogether:Shebelievesthatbringingtheoldrecipestolifecanhelpdevelopakindoflearningthathighlightsexperimentation,teamwork,andproblemsolving.Backwhenscience—thencalled“thenewphilosophy”—tookshape,academicslookedtocraftsmenforhelpinunderstandingthenaturalworld.Microscopesandtelescopeswereinventedbywayofartistictinkering（修补）ascraftsmenexperimentedglasstobetterbendlight.Ifwecanrediscoverthevaluesofhands-onexperienceandcraftwork,Smithsays,wecanmarrythebestofourmoderninsightswiththehandinessofourancestors.HowdidSmith,feelafterreadingtheFrenchmanuscript?Confusedaboutthetechnicalterms.Impressedwithitsdetailedinstructions.Discouragedbyitscomplexstructure.Shockedforherownlackofhandskills.AccordingtoSmith,thereconstructionworkisdonemainlyto .A.restoreoldworkshopsB.understandthecraftsmenC.improvevisualeffectsD.inspirethephilosophersWhydoestheauthormentionmuseums?Torevealthebeautyofancientobjects.Topresentthefindingsofoldscience.Tohighlighttheimportanceofantiques.Toemphasisethevaluesofhandskills.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?CraftsmenSettheTrendsforArtistsCraftsmanshipLeadstoNewTheoriesCraftsmanshipMakesBetterScientistsCraftsmenReshapetheFutureofScience【答案解析】38.D39.B40.D41.C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述科学家PaulaSmith致力于对古代手工技能的研究，认为科学家如果能够把古代的手工技能和现代的科学方法结合起来，就能够创造更大成就。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn'ttrulygraspanyoftheskillstheauthordescribed."Yousimplycan'tgetanunderstandingofthathandworkbyreadingaboutit,"shesays.”让史密斯震惊的些手工作品。”由此可知读完这份法国手稿，这种手工技能让史密斯感到震惊，故选。【39题详解】“Recnstructingtheworkofthecraftsmn工匠wholivedcenturiesagocanrevealhowtheyviewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,B。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theworkhasalsobroughtinsightsmuseums,Smithsays.Onemustknowhowonobjectwasmadeinordertopreserveit.What'sreconstructionsmightbetheonlywaytoknowwhattreasureslookedlikebeforetimeworethemdown.”史密斯说，这项工作也给博物馆带来了深刻的见解。为了保存它，一个是在强调手工技能的价值，故选D。【41题详解】“Ifwecanrediscoverthevaluesofhands-onexperienceandcraftwork,Smithsays,wecanmarrythebestofourmoderninsightswithhandinessofour”史密斯说，如果我们能重新发现实践经验和工艺的价值，我们就能将现代的最好见解与我们祖先的灵巧结合起来CMakesBetterScientists工艺造就了更好的科学家，符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选。4C，与主题密切相关，故选C。CertainformsofAIareindeedbecomingubiquitous.Forexample,algorithmsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother.Thesesystemsaresometimesfasterandmoreperceptivethanwehumansare.Butsofarthatisonlytrueforthespecifictasksforwhichthesystemshavebeendesigned.ThatissomethingthatsomeAIdevelopersarenoweagertochange.Someoftoday’sAIpioneerswanttomoveonfromtoday’sworldof“weak”or“narrow”AI,tocreate“strong”or“full”AI,orwhatisoftencalledartificialgeneral(AGI).Insomerespects,today’spowerfulcomputingmachinesalreadymakeourbrainslookweak.AGIcould,itsadvocatessay,workforusaroundtheclock,anddrawingonallavailabledata,couldsuggestsolutionstomanyproblems.DM,acompanyfocusedonthedevelopmentofAGI,hasanambitionto“solveintelligence”.“Ifwe’resuccessful,”theirmissionstatementreads,“webelievethiswillbeoneofthemostimportantandwidelybeneficialscientificadvancesevermade.”SincetheearlydaysofAI,imaginationhasoutpacedwhatispossibleorevenprobable.In1965,animaginativemathematiciancalledIrvingGoodpredictedtheeventualcreationofan“ultra-intelligentmachine…thatcanfarsurpassalltheintellectual(智力的)activitiesofanyman,clever.”Goodwentontosuggestthat“thefirstultra-intelligentmachine”couldbe“thelastinventionthatmanneedevermake.”Fearsabouttheappearanceofbad,powerful,man-madeintelligentmachineshavebeenreinforcedbymanyworksoffictionMaryShelley’sFrankensteinandtheTerminatorfilmseries,forexample.ButifAIdoeseventuallyprovetobeourdownfall,itisunlikelytobeatthehandsofhuman-shapedformslikethese,recognisablyhumanmotivationssuchasaggressionInstead,IagreewithOxfordUniversityphilosopherNickBostrom,whobelievesthattheheaviestrisksfromAGIdonotcomefromadecisiontoturnagainstmankindbutratherfromadoggedpursuitofsetobjectivesattheexpenseofeverythingelse.ThepromiseanddangeroftrueAGIaregreat.Butalloftoday’sexciteddiscussionaboutthesepossibilitiespresupposesthefactthatwewillbeabletobuildthesesystems.And,havingspokentomanyoftheworld’sforemostAIresearchers,Ibelievethereisgoodreasontodoubtthatwewillseeanytimesoon,ifever.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”inParagraphIprobablymean?A.Enormousinquantity.B.Changeabledaily.C.Stableinquality.D.Presenteverywhere.WhatcouldAGIdoforus,accordingtoitssupporters?A.Helptotackleproblems.B.Makebrainsmoreactive.CBenefitambitiouspeople.D.Setuppowerfuldatabases.AsforIrvingGood’sopiniononultra-intelligentmachines,theauthoris .A.supportiveB.disapprovingC.fearfulD.uncertainWhatcanbeinferredaboutAGIfromthepassage?Itmaybeonlyadream.Itwillcomeintobeingsoon.Itwillbecontrolledbyhumans.Itmaybemoredangerousthanever.【答案解析】42.D43.A44.B45.A这是一篇议论文。文章主要就通用人工智能(AGI)实现的可能性进行了论述。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句后面的Forexample,algorithms(算法)carryoutvolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets,self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother(例如，Deverywhere.(在任何地方存在)”意思接近。故选D【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段AGIcould,itsadvocatessay,workforusaroundtheanddrawingonallavailabledata,couldsuggestsolutionstomanyproblems(AGI的倡导者说，AGI24AGI“Helptotackleproblems(帮助解决问题)”符合题意。故选A【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段SincetheearlydaysofAI,imaginationhasoutpacedwhatispossibleorevenprobable.In1965,animaginativemathematiciancalledGoodpredictedtheeventualcreationofan“ultr-intelligentmachine…thatcanfarsurpassalltheintellectualactivitiesofanyman,howeverclever.”(1965年，一位富有想象力的数学家欧文·IrvingGood对“超智能机器”的想象力超出了实B项“disapproving(B项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句And,havingspokentomanyoftheworld'sforemostAIresearchers,IbelievethereisgoodreasontodoubtthatwewillseeAGIanytimesoon,ifever.理由怀疑我们是否会很快看到AGI)可推断出，通用人工智能选项“Itmaybeonlyadream(AManypeoplethinkthatpositivethinkingismostlyaboutkeepingone'sheadthesandandignoringdailyproblems,tryingtolookoptimistic.Inrealityithasmoretodowiththewayanindividualtalkstohimself.Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson,whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,people,oreventhepersonhimself. 46 Meanwhile,positivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonanissue.PeoplewhoregularlypractisepositivethinkingtendtosolveproblemsmoreTheyarelessexposedtostresscausedbyexternalfactors.Theytendtobelieveinthemselvesandinwhattheydo. 47 Peoplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans,lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety,betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone'sabilitytodealwithproblemsandhardships. 48 Forexample,researchershavethatinthecaseofacrisisaccompaniedbystrongemotions,suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingcanprovideasortofbufferagainstdepressionandanxiety.Resilientpeoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemasachallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists,onthecontrary,tendtoperceiveproblemsasasourceofadditionalstress. 49 Inconclusion,positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone'slife.Itdoesn'thaveanythingtowithignorantoptimismwhenanindividualrefusestonoticeaproblem. 50 Thinkinginapositive,self-encouragingwaybringsaboutmanybenefitstoone'sphysicalandmentalhealth.Itdoesn'tcauseanysevereemotionaldiscomfort,either.Negativeself-talkdamagesself-confidenceanddecreasesself-respect.Ithelpsonetoremainclear-headedandconfidentindifficultsituations.Positivethinkinghasseveralbeneficialeffectsonthebodyandthemind.Asthinkingchanges,anindividual'sbehaviourandhabitschangeaswell.Theyoftenofferarealalternativetothecommonandregularwayofthinking.Theyoftenfeeldiscouragedlongbeforetryingtosolvetheproblem,evenifsmall.【答案解析】46.B47.D48.C49.G50.A有效的工具。【46根据上文“Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson,whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,people,oreventhepersonpositivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonannegativeself-talks可对应到BNegativeself-talk。故B。【47题详解】根据后文“Peoplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans,lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety,betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone'sabilitytodealwithproblemsandPeoplewhothinkpositivelythinking可对应到D选项中Positive。故D。【48题详解】根据后文“Forexample,researchershavefoundthatinthecaseofacrisisaccompaniedbystrongemotions,suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingprovideasortofbufferagainstdepressionandC选项“它帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。【49题详解】根据上文“Resilientpeoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemaschallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists,onthecontrary,tendtoperceiveproblemsasasourceofadditionalstress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，一个Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G。【50题详解】根据上文“Inconclusion,positivethinkingisaandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone'slife.Itdoesn'tany