2022年黑龙江省哈尔滨市第八十七中学高三英语期末试卷含解析

2022年黑龙江省哈尔滨市第八十七中学高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Montrealisthe________largestFrench-speakingcityintheworld,Paris________thelargest.A.second;is

B.second;being

C.secondly;is

D.secondly;being参考答案：B2.Someexpertsthink,

genes,intelligencealsodependsonanadequatediet,agoodeducationandanicehomeenvironment.A.insteadof B.exceptforC.apartfrom D.farfrom参考答案：C【详解】考查介词短语辨析。A.insteadof代替；B.exceptfor除了；C.apartfrom除……之外还；D.farfrom远非。句意：一些专家认为，除了基因，智力还取决于充足的饮食、良好的教育以及良好的家庭环境。根据“intelligencealsodependsonanadequatediet,agoodeducationandanicehomeenvironment.”可知此处表示“除……之外还”，故C项正确。3.______thetowerbuilding，whereyouseethewholecity．A．Standingonthetopof

B．IfyouclimbtoC．Whenyoureachthetopof

D．Gettothetopof

参考答案：33．D句子种类Gettothetopofthetowerbuilding为祈使句，后面是where引导的定语从句。

略4.Waitamoment.Thedirector_____herassistantpickupsomesandwichesforthemeeting.A.has B.hashad C.hadhad D.washaving参考答案：B句意：等会。经理已经让助理去拿些三明治了。根据语境可知应用现在完成时。故选B。5.Ican’tfindmykey.It___________inmyoffice.A.canbeforgotten

B.canbeleftC.musthavebeenforgotten

D.musthavebeenleft参考答案：D33.TheSincairC5wasveryslow,smallandlowtotheground,_______itlooklikeachildren’stoy.

A.making

B.made

C.havingmade

D.havingbeenmade.参考答案：A略7.Iamsureyou’dratherhestayedinNewZealand,______?A.wouldn’tyou B.didyou C.didn’the D.amnotI参考答案：A8.Weshould______theachievementsandcorrectthemistakes.A.add

in

B.addto C.addup

D.addupto参考答案：B9.Increasingpovertyhasledtoasituation____somepeoplecannotaffordtheirchildren’s

schoolfees.

A.which

B.as

C.why

D.where参考答案：D10.______forthejobyouhaveappliedforwillleaveabadimpressionontheinterviews.

A.Notprepared

B.Nothavingprepared

C.Notprepare

D.Notbeingprepared参考答案：D略11.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit

breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense,A.would B.could Cshould D.might参考答案：C12.Thenewschoolbagsandbooks_____bysomewarmheartedpeoplearrivedatthevillageschool

thedaybeforeyesterday. A．tobedonated

B．donating

C.

beingdonated D.

donated参考答案：D13.–MayIuseyournewcar?Iwanttogotoseemysickfatherinthecountryside.–It’soverthere._____.A.Feelfree

B.Gotit

C.Noproblem

D.Itdepends

参考答案：A14.Wecan'tcomplainthatchildrenarecheatinginexaminations______adultsthemselveshavesetsuchabadrolemodelforthemtofollow.A.because B.unless

C.when

D.though参考答案：C15.AnewiPadinthemarketcostsabout______ofasecond-handone.A.threetimes

of

theprice

B.threetimesasmuchasthepriceC.threetimestheprice

D.threetimesmorethantheprice参考答案：C16.Hearingtheloudnoise，theboylookedoutofthewindow,__________.

A．surprisedandnervously

B．surprisingandnervous

C．surprisedandnervous

D．surprisinglyandnervously参考答案：17.HerquestionwassodifficultthatIcouldhardlymakeany

ofitatall.

A．sense

B．meaning C．explanation

D．idea

参考答案：A18.—Tony,youmusthavenoticedthestudentwhobroketheglass.—I’msorry.I______attentively.A.studied

B.wasstudying

C.amstudying

D.wouldstudy参考答案：B二、翻译19.Translation（20%）

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets．1．放心吧，我不会让你失望的。（letdown）2．那些没有规矩的人迟早要付出代价的。（price）3．民以食为天，食品安全人命关天。

（so）4．我不敢苟同你的“人生若没有友谊就不值得活下去”这一观点。（that）5人类盲目改变动物生存的自然栖息地导致了一些动物的绝种。（It）参考答案：略三、阅读理解20.AgainstthesuppositionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiawarmtheclimate,scientistshavediscoveredthatcoolingmayoccurinareaswhereburnttreesallowmoresnowtomirrormoresunlightintospace.Thisfindingsuggeststhattakingstepstopreventnorthernforesttolimitthereleaseofgreenhousegasesmaywarmtheclimateinnorthernregions.Usuallylargefiresdestroyedforestsintheseareasoverthepastdecade.Scientistspredictthatwithclimatewarming,firesmayoccurmorefrequentlyovernextseveralcenturiesasaresultofalongerfireseason.Sunlighttakeninbytheearthtendstocausewarming,whileheatmirroredbackintospacetendstocausecooling.Thisisthefirststudytoanalyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimate.Earlierstudiesbyotherscientistshavesuggestedthatfireinnorthernregionsspeedupclimatewarmingbecausegreenhousegasesfromburningtreesandplantsarereleasedintotheatmosphereandthustrapheat.Scientistsfoundthatrightafterthefire,largeamountsofgreenhousegasesenteredtheatmosphereandcausedwarming.Ozone（臭氧）levelsincreased,andashfromthefirefellonfar-offseaice,darkeningthesurfaceandcausingmoreradiationfromthesuntobetakenin.Thefollowingspring,however,thelandwithintheareaofthefirewasbrighterthanbeforethefire,becausefewertreescoveredtheground.Snowonthegroundmirroredmoresunlightbackintospace,leadingtocooling.“Weneedtofindoutallpossiblewaystoreducethegrowthofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.”Scientiststrackedthechangeinamountofradiationenteringandleavingtheclimatesystemasaresultofthefire,andfoundameasurementcloselyrelatedtotheglobalairtemperature.Typically,fireinnorthernregionsoccursinthesameareaevery80to150years.Scientists,however,foundthatwhenfireoccursmorefrequently,moreradiationislostfromtheearthandcoolingresults.Specifically,theydeterminedwhenfirereturns20yearsearlierthanpredicated,0.5wattspersquaremeterofareaburnedaresoakedupbytheearthfromgreenhousegases,but0.9wattspersquaremeterwillbesentbackintospace.Theneteffectiscooling.Wattsareusedtomeasuretherateatwhichenergyisgainedorlostfromtheearth.51.Accordingtothenewfindings,takingstepstopreventnorthernforestfiresmay_______.A.resultinawarmingclimateB.causetheforestfirestooccurmorefrequentlyC.leadtoalongerfireseasonD.protecttheforestsandtheenvironmentthere52.ThefollowingarealltheimmediateeffectsafteraforestfireEXCEPT_________.A.largeamountsofgreenhousegasesentertheatmosphereB.thelevelsofozonewhichisatypeofoxygenincreaseC.snowonthegroundmirrorsmoresunlightbackintospaceD.ashesfromthefirefallontheicesurfaceandtakeinmoreradiationfromthesun53.Earlierstudiesaboutnorthernforestfires_________.A.analyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimateB.indicatethatforestfireswillpollutetheatmosphereC.suggestthatpeopleshouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentD.suggestthatthefireswillspeedupclimatewarming54.Theunderlinedphrase“soakup”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A.released B.absorbedC.created D.distributed55.FromthepassagewecandrawaconclusionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiamay__________.A.warmtheclimateasthesuppositiongoesB.allowmoresnowtoreflectmoresunlightintospaceandthuscooltheclimateC.destroylargeareasofforestsandpollutethefar-offseaiceD.helptogainmoreenergyratherthanreleasemoreenergy参考答案：51.A

52.C

53.D

54.B

55.B试题分析：【51题详解】.A细节题。根据第二段1,2行Thisfindingsuggeststhattakingstepstopreventnorthernforestfirestolimitthereleaseofgreenhousegasesmaywarmtheclimateinnorthernregions说明这样的措施最终导致了北部地区的气候变暖。故A正确。【52题详解】.C推理题。根据第四段后三行Thefollowingspring,however,thelandwithintheareaofthefirewasbrighterthanbeforethefire,becausefewertreescoveredtheground.Snowonthegroundmirroredmoresunlightbackintospace,leadingtocooling.说明地上的雪反射阳光这是大火的间接的影响，是在第二年春天的时候发生的事情，并不是immediateeffects。故C符合要求。【53题详解】D细节题。根据第三段2,3行Earlierstudiesbyotherscientistshavesuggestedthatfireinnorthernregionsspeedupclimatewarmingbecausegreenhousegasesfromburningtreesandplantsarereleasedintotheatmosphereandthustrapheat.说明Ｄ正确。【54题详解】B推理题。根据本句0.5wattspersquaremeterofareaburnedaresoakedupbytheearthfromgreenhousegases,but0.9wattspersquaremeterwillbesentbackintospace.说明该词与sendback该词相反的意思，故应该指吸收，因为sendback指反射。故B正确。【55题详解】B细节题。根据文章第一段第二行scientistshavediscoveredthatcoolingmayoccurinareaswhereburnttreesallowmoresnowtomirrormoresunlightintospace.说明从这个研究中得到的结论是B项。考点：考查科普类短文阅读点评：文章主要讲述了发生在阿拉斯加，加拿大和西伯利亚的北部大火对当地的气候所产生的影响，大火过后，树木都被烧没有了，会让更多的雪反射阳光进太空反而是让温度变低。本文的障碍在于词汇方面，考查了细节题和推理题，要求考生在审题时特别当心关键的信息词和各段所持的观点，结合题目的而要求做出推理判断。21.Someexpertsbelievethatourattentionspansareactuallyshrinking．Weoftenjokethatgoldfishhavetheshortestlevelofconcentration，somuchsothattheyforgetwhattheysawninesecondsearlier．Wellnowastudysaysthathumanshaveanevenshorterspan—justeight

seconds．ThisIcanbelieve—there’salwayssomuchtodoandsomuchtorememberthatmybraingetsoverloadedandIfindithardtozeroinononething．Ofcourse，smartphones，theinternetandsocialmediaalltakeupalotofourattention．Chicago-basedresearchfirmDscoutfoundthatwelookatourmobilephonesfor，onaverage，2．42hourseveryday．Itistemptingtokeepglancingatourphoneswhenweshouldbefocusingonotherthingsandit’ssomethingwedidn’tandcouldn’tdobeforetheboomindigitalmediaandsmartphones，somaybethat’swhytheamountoftimewecanconcentratehasbeendropping．AreportcarriedoutforMicrosoftsaidtheaveragehumanattentionspanin2000was12secondsbuthasnowfallentojusteightseconds．However，aBBCradioprogrammecalledMoreorLess，couldn’tfindevidencetobackupMicrosoft’sreport．ItspoketoDrGemmaBriggs，apsychologistattheOpenUniversity，whosaysthereareproblemswiththeideaofmeasuringattentionspansandit’salldowntotheindividualperson，“soattention-switchingabilitymaywellhavedevelopedinrecentyears，intheageofthesmartphoneandtheinternet．Butbecausesomeone’sdistracted(分心)bytheirsmartphone…itdoesn’tmean