2023年非谓语知识点

非谓语、独立主格非谓语Ｉｃaｍｅheｒeatsiｘ．简朴句Iｃａmehereatsixtomeeｔｈim.不定式作非谓语Icamehｅrｅatsｉx,ｃarｒyｉngｍynoteboｏk.动名词作非谓语Ｉcaｍehereaｔｓｉx,worrieｄ.分词作非谓语非谓语的三种形式不定式tｏdoＴｏbｅornottobe,tｈatｉsａquｅsｔion．动名词ｄoingSｅeingisbelieviｎg.分词doing/doｎe(现在分词或过去分词）(Wewere）Bornｔｏwｉn.Dｉlｉgｅnceiｓｔhepathleadingtohａppineｓs.不定式1）不定式在句中的作用Ｎottoadvａncｅiｓｔoｇobaｃｋ．主语表语Hepromiseｄnｏｔtｏteｌｌanyoneaｂｏｕtit.宾语Mｙdｒeamtｏbeｃomｅａstarnevercameｔｒue.定语Englisｈisdｉffiｃuｌｔtoleａrｎ.补语Sheｃameatlａst，oｎlytoｆinｄtｈｅrｅisnｏｔhｉnｇｔoeat．状语Idon’tknoｗwhattodo．宾语Ｔｏｔeｌｌyｏuthetrｕth,Ｉdon’tquiｔeｌikethemoｖie．状语2）不定式的时态与语态四种形式积极被动一般式todotoｂedone完毕式tohａvedonetohａｖeｂeeｎdoｎｅ进行式tobedoiｎg/完毕进行式ｔohavebeｅndoinｇ/3)不定式5大易犯错误=１＼*GＢ3①.Ｔhat’ｓｎormaltｏmａｋemistａkes.wrong把tｈaｔ改成itIt’snoｒmaltｏmakemｉstaｋes.形式主语主语It+ｔodｏsth．(形式主语）Ｉt’salｗayseasｙtosayｂuthardｔoｄo.Ifｉｎdiｔhａrdｔohａteｈim.形式宾语宾语=2＼*ＧＢ3②Iｄoｎ’tknowiｆｔoｈelphｉｍoｒnoｔ．ＷrongIｄon’tknowwhethertｏｈｅlpｈｉｍorｎot．表达是否时,只能用ｗheｔｈeｒ,不用iｆv．+(what/who/ｗｈich/hｏｗ/whｅｎ/whｅre/wheｔｈｅｒ)+toｄｏ=3\*GB3③．Iaｐpreciaｔeyｏuｔohｅlpmesｏｍuch.Wｒongａｐpreｃiaｔe后不能加不定式应改成：Iappreciatｅyｏurhｅｌping．Iappreciａteｙourhｅlp．这些动词后只能加不定式afｆorｄ,aim,appear,boｔhｅr,cａｒe，hａppeｎ,fｏｒce，ｐermｉｔ,enabｌe,lｏnｇｄesire,detｅrmｉne,eｘpeｃt，ｈope,pｒomise,fail,ｈesitate，preｐare，ｐretend,refuｓe，enｄeavor,seｅm，ｔｅnd,ｏught,…=4\＊ＧB3④Ｉｎeedｓomepapeｒｔowrite.Ｗｒongtowrite作定语修饰paper,把paper带进去wｒiteonｔhepaperIneｅｄｓｏｍepapeｒtｏｗｒiteon．Ihａveaｌｅtteｒtowrite.Ｉneeｄsｏmepaｐerｔｏｗｒｉtｅoｎ.Ineedapeｎｔowrｉｔewiｔh．＝5＼*GB３⑤Tosavemoney,evｅryｍeanshasbｅeｎtrieｄ．Wｒongsaｖemoney的逻辑主语是人,而句子的主语是evｅrｙmeans逻辑不一致应改成:Tosaｖemoneｙ，heｈaｓtrieｄevｅｒｙmeaｎs.ToｌearnＥngｌiｓhwell，(字典必不可缺。)heshouｌdhaveaｄiｃtionaｒyｈｅｎeedsadictｉonａry不能写成adictiｏnａryｉsnecesｓａry4．不定式to省略的2种情况=1\＊ＧB3①感官动词之后seｅ,ｗatcｈ，obserｖe,notice,heａｒ，feeｌ+ｄo表达动作的完整性,真实性；Isaｗhｉmwoｒｋｉnthｅgardenyｅｓterday.看他工作劳动的整个过程＋doｉng表达动作的连续性,进行性Iｓaｗｈimwｏrｋｉｎｇiｎthegａrdenyestｅrday.看他工作这件事，看到的是片段，不是全过程注:感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词Tｈeｃaketasｔesgoｏd；Itfeelｓcomｆortａble．

=2\＊GB3②使役动词have/ｂｉd/maｋe/leｔ等词后I’dlikｅtohaveLeoｎｄｏit．

注：感官动词和使役动词变被动,需要还原toAmanwａsseenｔoenterｔheｓhop．被动的时候一定要把省略的to加上真题链接(题号为在真题中的顺序）６８．Mｒｓ.Ｂrｏｗｎｉssuppｏｓed_＿______forItａlylａstｗｅｅk.(1９90－1）A)tohavelｅftB)ｔoｂeleavingC)ｔoｌeaｖeD)tohaveｂｅenlefｔ61.ﻩＭr.Johnsonｐreｆerred__＿＿____heaｖierworktｏdｏ.(１9９3－6）Ａ)tobegｉveｎＢ)toｂeｇivｉｎgC)tohavｅgｉvｅnＤ）hａｖingｇivｅn47.ﻩThereismｏrｅlandinAustｒaliathａnthegoｖｅrnｍentｋｎoｗs__＿__＿__.（１989-１)A)whattｏdoｗiｔhB)ｈowｔｏdoC)tｏdｏwithｉtD)todｏｉｔ87.Ｃhariｔｙgrｏupsｏrganiｚｅdvariousactiviｔies__＿_＿_＿_____＿___(为地震幸存者筹款)。(２023-12)tｏraiｓemoneｙfoｒtｈesｕrvivｏrsoftｈｅearthquakｅ8７.__＿_＿_______＿_＿___＿__＿_____(为了保证他参与会议),Icａlledhimｕｐinadvaｎcｅ.(2０23-１２)(Inorｄer)ToenｓｕrehｉmｔｏattendthｅｍeeｔingＴoｅnsuｒehisattｅndanceatthｅmeeｔing动名词1.动名词在句中的作用Cｏllｅｃtｉngｓｔampsismyhｏbby．主语Idreａmabouｔbeingｗithｙouforeveｒ.宾语Myjobisｐｒotectinｇｙｏu.表语２．只能加动名词的情况=１＼＊ＧＢ３①这些动词后admｉt,advｉsｅ,aｐｐrｅciate,aｖoｉd,bａn,considｅｒ,ｄelay，deny,ｄｉscuss,dｉslike,enｊoy，endurｅ,ｅｓcape,eｘcuｓe,fiｎｉｓh,foｒｂｉd,fｏrｇivｅ，imａgｉｎe，keｅp,mentｉｏn,mｉnd,miss,pａrdon,ｐermit,practiｓe,pｒeveｎt,prohibit，risk=2\*GB3②这些动词短语后can’thｅlp，ｆeellike,ｐutofｆ，gｉveup,ｋeeｐonｏbjeｃtｔo，pａｙattenｔｉonto,sｔiｃkto,ｇｅｔdowｎto开始认真做，be[ｇet］usedtｏ习惯于,leadｔo导致,bedevotedto致力于,专用于,taｋeto开始喜欢做，beoppoｓeｄto,这里的ｔo都是介词,因此后面加动名词=3＼*GＢ３③这些表达后iｔ'ｓnｏｇｏod；ｉｔ'sno/ｌｉttle/hａrdｌｙanyuｓe;ｉt‘ｓworthwhilｅ；spendｍoｎｅy／time;there’snｏｐoiｎtin(干某事没故意义);there'ｓnｏthingworsｅthａn．.．3.动名词的时态语态一般形式：ＩlikｅwａtchingTV.ｄoiｎｇ完毕形式：Ｉrｅgretnothａvingｔaｋenyｏｕraｄvice.havingｄｏne被动形式：Thisqueｓｔｉｏnｉsfarfroｍbeinｇsettled.bｅiｎgdoｎe真题链接８9.Welｏｏｋfｏrwardto(被邀请出席开幕式).(2０23－06)bｅｉnginvitedtｏａtteｎdtｈｅｏpeningcｅｒeｍｏny4８.ﻩThematchwasｃancelledbecausｅｍosｔoftheｍeｍbｅｒs_＿＿_＿___amatcｈwithｏutastaｎdａｒdcｏｕrt．（199１－6）A)objeｃｔedtｏhａｖｉnｇB)wｅreｏbjecｔedtohaｖeC）ｏbjeｃtedtohａvｅD)wereobjectedtohaｖｉnｇ68.Ｓheｗassoangrythatshefelｔｌiｋe．sｏmethiｎｇatｈim．（1９9２-6)A).tothrowＢ)throwingＣ)tｏhavethroｗnＤ)havｉnｇｔhrowｎ51． Iappｒecｉａte__＿____＿ｔoyourhome.(1９91-6)A)ｔobeiｎvitedB)ｔohaｖeｉnｖitedＣ)havingｉｎvitedＤ)beingiｎvited69.Ouｒmodｅｒncｉvilｉｚａtｉoｎmustnｏｔbｅthoｕｇhtoｆasinashortpeｒiodofｔiｍe．（cｅｔ4)Ａ)beiｎgｃreatedＢ)tｏhavebeencｒｅａtedＣ))havinｇbeenｃreaｔedD)tobecreａtｅd补充1：动名词与不定式都可以作主语、宾语、表语,它们有什么区别？Sｗｉmmiｎgismyfaｖorｉtespｏrt.ToｓwimwithJanｅiswｈatI’mgoinｇtodｏthiｓaftｅｒnoon.动名词:泛指的、经常性的不定式:具体的、一次性的、将来的补充2:这些动词后即可加不定式,也可加动名词，有什么区别=1＼*GB3①.demａnｄ，deseｒｖｅ,neeｄ,reｑuirｅ，ｗant表需要的动词ｖ．+dｏing/tｏbedｏne意思一致，无区别Mycａrneｅｄsreｐａiｒiｎg.=Mｙcarneｅｄｓtoberepａiｒed.4８. Yoｕｒhairｗanｔs_______＿.You’dｂｅｔｔeｒhaveｉtdｏneｔomｏrroｗ.(1９９7-６)A)cuｔB）toｃutC）cuttｉngD)beingｃut也可以说tobeｃut=２\＊GＢ3②．reｍember,forget,reｇret,v.+不定式,表达记得/忘掉/后悔／…要去做某事ｖ.+动名词,表达记得／忘掉/后悔…做过某事６4.ﻩＪｏｈnｒegreｔtｅd__＿_____toｔheｍｅｅtinglastweｅk.(1990-1)Ａ)ｎotｇoiｎgB)noｔｔogoC)ｎothaｖingｂeenｇｏiｎgＤ)ｎottobegｏing43.ﻩI’llｎeverｆｏｒget________youforthefiｒstｔime．(2023-１)A)tomｅeｔB)meｅtingC）ｔoｈaveｍeｔD)ｈaｖingｔｏbemｅeｔinｇDｏn’tfoｒgetｔowａlkｔheｄogｗhｉleIamaway,(1９93-1)=3\＊GB3③.ｓｔop,ｃontinuｅ,gooｎv+不定式，表达停下／继续去做另一事ｖ+动名词，表达停下/继续正在做的事(20２3－1)Tonysｈｏulｄcｏntｉnuetakingtｈeｃouｒse.现在上课，继续上课Theywillconｔinuetoeｘistaloｎgwitｈｏn－liｎeｅducatｉon．以前不存在，现在有了,并且将继续存在=4\*ＧB3④.trytry＋不定式，表达作了一番努力,试图完毕某事ｔry+动名词，表达做某事试试(看有什么效果)。I’ｌltrytocｏmeｔoｍoｒrow．我明天设法来。Ｌeｔ’strykｎockiｎgａtthebackdooｒ.咱们敲敲后门试试。=5＼*ＧB3⑤.meaｎmeａｎ+不定式，表达打算（想要)做某事meａn+动名词,表达意味着…Ｈedidnotmeantohｕrtyou．他不是故意要伤害你。Thｉsｉllnｅｓswillmｅａngoｉnｇtｏhｏspital.得了这种病就意味着要住院。分词现在分词ｄoing:表达积极的,正在进行的动作过去分词dｏne：表达被动的,已完毕的动作分词在句中的作用afａllenlｅafafａllｉngleａｆ作定语修饰leaf,看动作进行中还是已完毕决定Theｒeisnoｔhiｎgleｆt.Tｈerｅisｎoｔhｉｎｇiｎteresting.作nｏtｈｉｎg补语,看分词与ｎothiｎg的关系决定Shelookedｔiredwiｔhcｏoking.Ｙouaｒｅａmaziｎg.作表语，看分词与主语的主被动关系决定Ｈaｖingalｒeａdｙbｅenｔolｄmａnｙtimeｓ，hｅｆinalｌｙchaｎgeｔhebadhabｉt.Ｎotreceｉvingaｎyletteｒfrｏmhiｍ，Ｉgａｖｅｈimacａｌl．作状语,看分词与主句主语的主被动关系作插入语Genｅralｌyｓpeａking,talkingof…jｕdgingｆrom…真题链接intｈｉsway,ｔhesituationdoeｓn’ｔsｅｅmsｏｄｉsaｐpoｉｎtinｇ.(2023－0１)A)ＴolｏokatB)LｏokingaｔC)LookedatD）Tobelookedａt47．ﻩ__＿___＿＿witｈthesizeoftｈewholeｅarｔh,thehigｈestmouｎｔaiｎdｏesnotseｅmhighａtall．（１9９０-1）A)WhｅｎcompａreｄB)CｏmpａreC)ＷhｉlｅcompaｒingD）Compaｒing46.ﻩ＿______＿inarecenｔscｉｅncecomｐetｉtｉoｎ,theｔhｒeestudeｎtswereawardedschｏlaｒshｉｐｓtｏｔalｉng$21,0０0.(２023-1)Ａ）JudｇｅdｔhebestＢ)JudｇingtｈebestC)TobejudｇedtｈeｂestD)Havin