英语书信格式或便条格式

英语书信格式或便条格式(一)英文书信的组成部分英文书信一般由六部分组成。即:信头(Heading)、信内地址(InsideAddress),称呼(Salutation),正文(BodyofLetter)结束语(ComplimentaryClose)>署名(Signature),有时在书信后面还有附言(Postscript)、附件(Enclosure),这得视具体情况而定。下面将分别说明。1.信头(Heading)信头是指写信人的地址和写信日期，一般写在或打在第一面信纸的右上角，先写地址再写日期，地址的写法是从小到大，先写门牌号、路号，再写区名、市名、省名，最后写国名。时间的写法对英国人和美国人而言是不同的。英国人习惯按日、月、年的顺序写，而美国人习惯按月、日、年的顺序写。例如：英式：1stOctober,1999美式:October1,1999在使用前一种形式时，月和年之间的逗号可用可不用，但是在后一种形式中，必需要使用逗号。信头的写法有缩进式和齐头式。缩进式每行开头向右缩进一两个字母;齐头式左边对齐排列，如下所示：缩进式WangMingDept,ofChemicalEngineeringDalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023LiaoningProvinceP.R.China齐头式WangMingDept,ofChemicalEngineeringAsconcernasthemissedlessonsduringmyabsence,IpromiseIwilldomybesttocatchthemonafterIcomebacktothecampus.Wishforyourallowance.YoursrespectfullyXXX*本文是一封请假条，一般我们要向上级或老师请假，通常用的是ackforleave这个短语，请三天假可写作：askforthrccdays'leave;因病请假则是askforsickleave.leave在这里是名词用法，文中用的短语是applyfor意为"申请”，含有更加郑重的意味，常用于下级对上级或晚辈对长辈的书面语中，"Onlychild”意为“独生子女”相应的，“独生女"译作"onlydaughter"而“独生子”译作“onlyson”.Asconcernas.后面跟名词性结构,意为“涉及到，至于“与Concerning同意，两者可以互换。2)约请(Invitation)例Directions:YouhaveatickettotheRussianNationalBalletTroupe,whichisvisitingandyouwanttogiveittoyourfriendAlice.Writeanotetoherandsay:thetimeoftheshow,theplacewhereyouwillwaitforherYoushouldwriteabout100words.SundayDearAlice,Hereisapieceofgoodnewsforyou.TheRussianNationalBalletTroupe,whichisnowonavisitinBeijing,willgiveaperformanceintheBeijingGrandTheatertomorrowevening.Iamsurethatyouwillbehappytowatchit.HereIleaveyouanadmissioncard.Theperformancewil1beginatseveno,clocksharp.Iwillwaitforyouatthetheaterentrance.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouarepreventedfromcomingornot.XXX*约朋友一起去看戏，可是朋友不在家，只好留下票子和一张便条，但又怕朋友来不了，所以在便条最后特地写上“如果你来不了，告诉我一声"(Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouarepreventedfromcoming）此文的waitfor也可以用expect代替。3）道歉（Apology）人非圣贤，孰能无过。在社会交往中，人们常常会出现一些疏忽、过失等。如果发生此类事情，就会给对方带来麻烦和不便。为了避免误解，不影响感情，在这种情况下，应写信给对方予以解释，以请求谅解。此类信要写得及时，态度要诚恳，用词需谦逊。一般在信一开始就向对方表示歉意或内疚，然后说明原因并提出补救的办法。Directions:Youhavemissedadateofyourfriend,nowyouhavetowritealetterforappologizationinabout100words.May20thDearLily,IamsorryImissedseeingyouyesterday.Iknowthatyoumusthavebeendisappointed.Talsofeelworriedandanxiousinmyheart.ThefactisthatmymanageratthelastmomentaskedmetoprepareaurgentplanwhileIcouldnotgettoaphonetocallyouandyesterdayIhaveworkedlateuntilabout8:30p.m.Iamterriblysorry.However,Iwouldliketoaskyououtthisweekendtomakeupforyesterday.PleasegivemeachanceandIamwaitingforyourreply.XXX临时有事未能赴约，一定要把事情解释清楚并真诚的道歉，最好能有弥补（t。make*up）,就像这封信里所说的那样，邀请对方周末再碰头（Iwouldliketoaskyououtthisweekend）注意英文句子youmusthavebeendisappointed中情态动词的用法：情态动词+完成时态，表示过去行为。这句话应该理解为“你当时一定感到很失望”。Directions:Youhavereceivedainvitationfromyourfriend,butyouhavealreadyhadsomeguestsinyourhouse.Pleaseexpressthereasonyoucan,tgoclearlyinabout100words.AprilDearLucy,TdoappologizeforhavingtosendthisletteraboutSaturdaynight.WhenIacceptedyourinvitation,IsimplyforgotthatSaturdaywasaholidayandthatmyownguestswerenotleavinguntilSundaymorning.Itisdifficultformetomakeachoice.ThoughIalsowondertomeetyouverymuch.Icouldnotverywellgooutbymyselfandleavetheguestsatmyhome.IhopeyouknowhowsorryIamnottobewithyouthisSaturday.ShouldImakeavisittoyouinmyothersparetime?Thankyouverymuch.XXX*自己家里有客人，自然不方便再接受别人邀请去做客所以可以明正言顺的表示拒绝或可另约时间。英文要强调谓语动词，可以加上助动词，例如：Idoapologizeforbeinglate.Uedidcomeyesterday.例3Directions:Youarealreadyhaveadatewithyourfriendbutsuddenlyhaveanotherthingtodoandyouhavetotellyourfriendthatyoucan,tgo.Expressyourreasonclearlyinabout100words.Monday9:00a.mDearJane,lamsorrytotellyouthatIwon,tbeabletocomethisafternoonbecauseIhavetogototheairportat2:00p.m.tomeetanoverseasvisitorfromAustralia.Ireallyhavekeptourdatdinmymindallthesedays,however,Ireceivedmyboss,e-mailthismorning,heaskedmetogototheairporttomeetoneofhisfriendsfromabroad,it'ssuddenlyandurgentandImustgo.Pleaseforgiveme.Wouldyoupleaseringmeuptomakeanothertime?Manythanks.XXX*因有事而不能赴约，只能另约时间(tomake或tofixanothertime)0写信人Bluce很可能是英国人,因为他把"打电话"说成toringsomebodyup,美国人通常说tocallsomebody。英国人打电话还可以说togivesomebodyaring,不要错以为别人要送你个戒指。与别人已经定好的约会却临时不能赴约时，应说明原因并诚恳地道歉，以期获得别人的谅解。4)借物(Borrowing)例Directions:Youaregoingtowriteanoteforborrowingsth.pleasedescribetheseinformationclearly.thethingyouaskdetailedwhatyouaregoingtodowithit.howlongwillyoutakeit.TuesdayDearXiaoWang:IwonderifIcouldborrowyourelectronicdictionaryforafewdays.NowIamtranslatingsomeimportantarticles.TherearemanynewwordswhichIhavetolookupthedictionaryusually.Ijusthaveapaperdictionarybutofcourseit'snotasconvenientastheelectronicone,whichhasabadeffectuponmyvelocityofmytranslating.SoIthinkyourelectonicdictionaryismoresuitableformetocompletemywork.IpromisethatImustbeverycarefulofyourdictionaryandmakenodamagedoneonit.Thankyouverymuch!YourseverXXX*字典是我们日常生活中常用的学习工具，但是千万不能直接从字面上认为“查字典"就是字heckth是ictionary"，而应该用“lookup”这个固定短语来表达。“影响”有一个很地道的短语。"haveeffectupon/on"，后面接受影响的人或物，如果是积极影响就在have和effect之间加agood，反之，就加“abad”其他的形容词例如great,remarkable也可以用来修饰effect,此词在这里是名词。5)回复友人问侯(ReplyforRegards)例Directions:Youhavejusthadaoperation,andreceivedanoteofregardsfromyourfriendJenny.Nowpleasewriteareplytohertotellheryourcurrentsituation.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Jan.8th.DearJenny,ThanksforyourletterofsympthyIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterday.Theoperationonmylegwasawonderfulsuccess.YouknowThadbeensufferingalotfrommylegsincemychildhood.Theoperationremovedthecauseoftrouble.Itisquiteworthhavingtheoperation.Iamdailyrecoveringfrommyillness.I'mconfidcntIwillsoonbeintheofficeagainafterpropertreatment.Thankyouforkindwishes.MybestwishestoallyourfamilyXXX*这是对好友问侯便条的回复。形式简单，内容明了。过去完成进行时“Ihadbeensufferingimychildhood”表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。例2Directions:Yourfatherisseriouslyill,andyouwanttogobackhome.Writeanotetothesecretaryanditshouldinclude.thecauseforleaving;thedays:from16thto21st;Catchonthelessonafterreturningschool.July5thDearMissHuang,Mysistercalledmelastnight,andshesaidthatmyfatherisdangerouslyill.Ibegtoapplyforsevendays*leaveofabsencefrom16thto21stinstant,inorderthatTcanseemybelovedfather.Ishouldbemuchobligedifyouwouldgrantmemyapplication.Asregardsthelessonstobemissedduringmyabsence,Iwi11domybesttomakeupforthemassoonasIgetbackfromhome.Sincerelyyours,DalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023LiaoningProvinceP.R.China2.信内地址(InsideAddress)信内地址要写出收信人的姓名和地址。一般给比较生疏的亲友的信和公事信件要写出信内地址，而熟悉朋友可以省去这一步骤。信内地址写出在日期下一两行的左上角，第一行写收信人的称呼姓名，然后写出地址。地质也是从小到大写出，分缩进式和齐头式两种。例如：缩进式ThePresidentOxfordUniversityEngland齐头式JiangBin64HepingRoadP.R.China.称呼(Salutation)称呼是对收信人的称谓。在信内地址下一两行处顶格写起，自成一行。末尾用逗号或冒号。(1)当给一位熟悉的人写信时可以用Dear或是MyDear。在英国，MyDear比Dear亲切，而在美国，Dear比MyDear亲切。(2)当给一位你不知婚否的女性写信时，可以用Ms.……，这是指〃……女士〃。(3)在给不熟悉的人写信时，可以用Dearsir,DearMadam,Dearsirs,Gentleman笺笺守守o正文(BodyofLetter)正文是一封信的主体部分。通常在称呼的下一行写出。正文也可采用齐头式或缩进式的方法。齐头式是反映每段开头一行和后面行并齐。缩进式是指每段的第一行向右缩进儿个字母。信笺讲究简洁、效率。开头几句简单地寒暄后就不如正题，在结尾处要有祝愿和敬语。常用的开头语有：IhavereceivedyourletterofJuly1st.7月1日来信已经收悉。Ihavethepleasuretotellyouthat.很高兴告诉你。Iamverymuchdelightedtoreceiveyourletter.非常高兴收到你的来信。Itismyhonortoinformyouthat很荣幸告诉你。常用的结束套话有：Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou盼早日回信。Wishbestregards.祝好。Thankyouforyourhelp感谢你的帮助〜Wishmybestwishesforyoursuccess.祝你成功。Wishingyouahappyholiday.祝假日愉快~Hopingtohearfromyousoon.希望能尽快收到你的回信。，结束语(ComplimentaryClose)结束语在正文之后隔一两行的偏右方开始写出。开头字母用大写，以后的字母用小写，最后一个词后面用逗句。常用的结束语有：一般非正式的关系：Yourssincerely,Yourstruly,Yoursfaithfully,Mostsincerely,Faithfullyyours,亲密的关系：Love,Yourslove,YoursAffectionately,Withlove,Lovinglyyours,Yoursever,上级和长者：Yoursrespectfully,Faithfullyyours,,署名（Signature）在结束语的下方是签名，先手写出，再打出来。如果收信人不认识写出信人，可以在署名前用括号标出Mr.、Miss或Ms。在名称下面可注上头衔。如：Yourssincerely,LucyBlake（手写）LucyBlake（Miss）（打印）SalesManager，附言（Postscript）,附件（Enclosure）在信件正文写作时可能漏掉了某些事，或临时发生了某事需要补充时，可以在信下面左下方写出上P.S.如果随信有附件可在爱左下端注明。如：Enclosure:1.Invoice（发票）2.Resume（个人简历）（二）英文书信实例上面介绍了英文写信的主要组成部分以及各部分的写作特点，接卜来我们将提供五种英文书信的范例。当朋友有了喜事，如结婚、高升、获奖的时候，你可以向他写出一封祝贺信，表达你的嘱咐与恭贺。例文，MechanicalEngineeringDepartmentDalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023Liaoning,ChinaNovember28,1999Mr.WangXimingMechanicalEngineeringDepartmentMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyCambridge,Mass.02139U.S.A.DearMr.Wang,ThankyouforyourletterofNovember3,1999.Iamsorrynottohavewrittenbackearlierbuttimeseemstopasssoquickly.Ilearntfromyourletterthatyouhadreceivedyoumaster'sdegree.Iwouldliketocongratulateyouonyoursplendidsuccess.InthisletterIambringingyouapieceofgoodnews:yourwifegaveabirthofaboylastweekandsheinsingoodhealthnow.Thebabyweighedeightjinatbirth.Yesterdaymywifeandsomeotherneighborswenttothehospitaltoseeyourwifeandtocongratulateheronthebirth.Shetoldthemthatshehadbeennursedwiththebestcaresinceshewasinhospital.NowI'mtakingtheVisitingSchoolTestinBeijing.IfIpasstheexamination,I'11leaveforAmericasoon.Ifnot,I'11waitforanotherchance.I'veneverbeentotheU.S.A.,andIknowlittleabouttheinstitutionsandcustomsthere.Ihopethatyouwillwritetomeandtellmemoreaboutthem.Withbestregardstoyouandyourclassmates.Yourssincerely,ZhangJiao2感谢信当别人帮了你一个忙时，你应该给他写封信，以示感激。例文，DearJohn:Thankyouverymuchforthenicebirthdaypresentyouhavesentme!Ihavebeenlongingforadictionaryforalongtime.Itwillsurlybeveryhelpfultomystudy.It'sveryniceofyoutoremembermybirthday.I,11makegooduseofthedictionaryandI'11thinkofyouwithgratitudeandaffectioneverytimeIuseit.Love,Sally3邀请信当邀请某位朋友参加活动，如交游、宴会时，可以写一封邀请信。信的语气应该谦逊，热情。例文，DearMr.Clark:WearewonderingifyouandMrs.ClarkwanttohavesupperwithusonFriday,January21statseveno'clock?JamesandIare1ookingforwardwithgreatpleasuretoseeingyouandMrs.Clark.Wedohopeyoucancome.Sincerelyyours,LucyWheeler4申请信当申请一项工作，或是申请一个学校留学时，都应该使用申请信。申请信应该简洁、明确、如实地反映你的才能、成绩、愿望和目标。例文，下面是一封申请留学的书信：TheDepartmentofCivilEngineeringDalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023LiaoningProvinceP.R.ChinaNovember20,1999Prof.SteeveHunterTheDept.OfCivilEngineering****UniversityNewYour,NY10017U.S.ADearProfessorSteeveHunter,Ihaveformanyyearscherishedthehopeofstudyingcivilengineeringunderyourpersonalguidanceasagraduatestudentinyouruniversity,towhichyournamehasaddedsomuchluster.IwasenrolledtostudycivilengineeringintheDepartmentofCivilEngineeringOfZhejiangUniversityinSeptember1992.IgraduatedfromZhejiangUniversityinJuly1996.Andeversincemygraduation,IhavebeenteachingintheDepartmentofCivilEngineeringofDalianUniversityofTechnology.Ifyoucouldtellthenecessanyprocedureoftakingthegraduatecourseofyourdepartment,Iwillbeverygratefultoyou.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Sincerelyyours,ZhaoHui（手写）ZhaoHui（打印）补充回答：经典范文:DearMyFriend,Howareyou?DoyouwanttoknowaboutmyEnglishstudy?0K,Iwilltellyou.IstudyEnglishatSundayafternoonattwoo'clock.IstudyJianQiaoEnglish.And,lastSaterdayItookpartinthePublicEnglishTest.IthinkIcanpass.And,nextMonday,myschoolwi