2023年10月全国自考英语试题及答案

2023年10月全国自考英语（二）试题及答案一、VocabularyandStructure(10points,1pointeach)从1. Thetrafficwasheldupformorethanthirtyminutes,________causedmetoarrivelate.A. itB. thatC. whatD. which2. ________hehasmanyfriends，heisoftenfeelinglonely.A. AsB. WhenC. WhileD. Since3. PoorspeakerofEnglishthoughhewasatthetime，hestillmanagedtomakehimself_______.A. understandB. understoodC. understandingD. tounderstand4. Therearemanysalesthisseason，duringwhichstoreswilllowertheir_________prices.A. normalB. generalC. ordinaryD. usual5. Asforfamilyeducation，parentsareencouragedtorelyon_________ratherthanpunishment.A. criticismB. intimidationC. persuasionD. scolding

6. Scientistsdoubtwhetherit’s_________toregulateone’sbiologicalclockbydrinking.A. feasibleB. incredibleC. fashionableD. valuable7. You’dbetterleavethings________ifyoudon’tknowhowtodealwiththem.A. lonelyB. onlyC. loneD. alone答案8. Theroomwasquiet，_________theoccasionalcoughingfrommythroat.A. incaseB. exceptforC. byfarD. insteadof答案9. Sofarscientistshaveonlyacquired_________understandingofthephysicalprocessesthatcauseearthquakes.A. apartialB. achangeableC. anoriginalD. anindividual10. Theprofit-sharingplanisdesignedto_______thestafftoworkhard.A. calculateB. demonstrateC. speculateD. motivate二、ClozeTest(10points,1pointeach)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文规定选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1. Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.Amangoesshopping1heneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledanddecided2.Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditand3it;thepriceisasecondary4.Mostmen5walkintoashopandaskthesalesman6whattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstock,thesalesmanpromptly7it,andthebusinessoftryingitonproceeds8.Allbeingwell,the9canbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanybargainandtotheirsatisfaction.Foraman，slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants，10doesnothaveexactlywhathewants.Inthatcasethesalesman，asthenameimplies，triestosellthecustomersomethingelse.(1).(A). although(B). before(C). unless(D). because(2).(A). inadvance(B). inaddition(C). incontrast(D). inreturn(3).(A). book(B). order(C). buy(D). take(4).(A). transaction(B). consideration(C). regulation(D). possession(5).(A). simply(B). necessarily(C). reluctantly(D). inevitably(6).(A). of(B). with(C). for(D). at(7).(A). leaves(B). makes(C). prevents(D). produces(8).(A). atonce(B). atfirst(C). atbest(D). atleast(9).(A). sale(B). deal(C). payment(D). request(10).(A). and(B). or(C). but(D). as

三、ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointseach)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1. MyhusbandChristopherwasonceafinancialplanner.Eventhoughhecouldn’tbalanceourbudget，hisclientstrustedhimcompletelyandhemadethemfeelsecure.Inexchangetheypaidhimverywell.Wehadanicelifethen.Atthattime，myyogastudio(瑜伽馆)wasjuststartingtomakeaprofit，andIhadrecentlydecoratedit.Atlast，Iwasincontrolofmyworkinglifeandpouredmyheartandsoulintomakingitsucceed.Whenwefirstmet，IfellhardforChristopherrightaway,althoughIwouldn’tcallitlove.I’dneverbeenwithamanwhowasprettierthanIwas,butafterawhileIgotusedtothis，anditdidn’tbothermesomuch.Iwasrecoveringfromabrokenheartandneededsomethingtohelpmemoveon.Ifitwasn’tlove,itwasgoodenough，andwhenheaskedmetomarryhimIjumpedatthechance，knowingthatitmightbemylast.Thingsstartedoutsowell.IwasworkingsteadilyandChristopherwaspatientlyclimbinguptheladderinhisdepartment.Then，withoutanywarning，onegraywinterafternooninyearfive，hejustuppedandlefthisdeskatthebank，handedinhisresignation，andcamehomeandtoldmehewantedtostartaninteriordesignbusiness.Hehasalwayslovedmixingandmatching，andhasarealeyeforcolor,texture，andshape，buttheideaofturningahobbyintoabusinesswasn’tsomethingwehadeverdiscussed.Ithoughtthestressofhisjobwasbecomingtoomuchandperhapshewouldtakeafewmonthsoffoverthespringandsummertorelaxandgettheideaoutofhissystem.Ididn’tbelievehecouldbeserious.Butoncehehadafewclients，hebegantodrawupplans，orderingcataloguesandturningouremptyworkshopintoakindofmakeshiftstudiowithallofhissketchespinnedtothewall.Afterspendingalotoftimeandmoneyonallofthispreparation，andreallydoingquiteanicejobofit，hecalledeachclientinturnandapologized，sayinghewouldn’tbeabletodesigntheirlivingspacesafterall.(1). Asafinancialplanner,Christopher.(A). paidhisclientsverywell(B). wastrustedbyhisclients(C). wasmakinghisyogastudioprofitable(D). couldmakehisfamily’sbudgetbalanced(2). Thewomaninthepassage.(A). fellinlovewithChristopheratfirstsight(B). managedayogastudiowithherhusband(C). feltreallyuncomfortablewithasmartman(D). marriedChristopherbecauseofabrokenheart(3). HiswifethoughtChristophersuddenlyquithisjobbecausehe.(A). couldn’twaittogetpromoted(B). hadexperienceininteriordesign(C). wantedtodosomethingheenjoyed(D). couldn’tbearthepressurefromhisjob(4). Thewomanherhusband’sdecision.(A). wassupportiveof(B). wasindifferentto(C). wassatisfiedwith(D). wasnegativeabout(5). ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatChristopher.(A). wasmorelikelytochangehismind(B). wouldreturntohisofficeinthebank(C). madeabigsuccessininteriordesign(D). wasnotwellpreparedforhisbusiness2. Inaquiet，darkenedlectureroom，youbeginafrustratingfightagainstfatigue.Theoverheadprojectorhums，andyoucannotconcentrateontheslides.Youstopabsorbinginformationandbecomeabsentminded.Theprofessorlostyoualongtimeago.Youarebored.Virtuallyeveryonegetsboredonceinawhile.Mostofuschalkituptoadullenvironment.“ThemostcommonwaytodefineboredominWesterncultureis‘havingnothingtodo，’”sayspsychologistStephenVodanovichoftheUniversityofWestFlorida.Andindeed，earlyresearchintotheeffectsofboredomfocusedonpeopleforcedtoperformdulltasks，suchasworkingafactoryassemblyline.Butboredomisnotmerelyannaturalpropertyofthecircumstances,researcherssay.Ratherthisperceptionissubjectiveandrootedinaspectsofconsciousness.Levelsofboredomvaryamongpeople：someindividualsarefarlessliabletoboredomthanothers—andsome，suchasextroverts(性格外向者),aremorelikelytohavethisfeeling.Thus，anewgenerationofscientistsiscopingwiththepsychologicalinterpretationsofthismosttediousofhumanemotions—andtheyhavefoundthatitismorecomplicatedthaniscommonlyknown.Researcherssaythatboredomisnotaunifiedconceptbutrathercomesinseveralflavors.Levelofattention,anaspectofconsciousawareness，playsanimportantroleinboredom，suchthatimprovingaperson’sabilitytofocusmaythereforedecreaseboredom.Emotionalfactorscanalsocontributetoboredom.Peoplewhoarepoorinunderstandingtheirownfeelingsandthosewhobecomesuckedinanddistractedbytheirmoodsaremoreeasilybored，forexample.Stayingawayfromtediumisnoteasy.Peoplewhoareliabletoboredomaremorelikelytosufferfromillssuchasdepressionanddrugaddiction；theyalsotendtobesociallyawkwardandpoorperformersatschoolorwork.(1). Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto.(A). illustratewhypeoplearelessabletofocus(B). showhowboringalectureinadarkroomis(C). tellpeoplehowfatigueaffectsconcentration(D). describeasituationwherepeoplecangetbored(2). ItcanbeconcludedfromPara.2that.(A). doingnothingleadspeopletogetboredeasily(B). westernpeoplepaylittleattentiontoboredom(C). boredomonlyaffectstheassemblylineworker(D). peopleareliabletogetboredinadullsituation(3). Researchersholdthatboredomresultsfrom.(A). naturalsurroundings(B). variouskindsoffactors(C). sensitivepersonalities(D). subjectiveperceptions(4). Improvementofpeople’sabilitytofocusmay.(A). affecttheirmoods(B). distracttheirminds(C). reducetheirboredom(D). increasetheirdepression(5). Thepassagemainlyinvolves.(A). effectsofboredomonpeople’slifeandwork(B). variouswaystoconquerthefeelingofboredom(C). studiesofpossiblereasonswhypeoplegetbored(D). theimportanceofscientificresearchintoboredom3. Storytellingisoneofthefewhumanfeaturesthataretrulyuniversalacrosscultureandthroughallofknownhistory.Anthropologistsfindevidenceoffolktaleseverywhereinancientcultures，writteninSanskrit，Latin,Greek,Chinese，EgyptianandSumerian.Peopleinsocietiesofalltypesweavestories，fromoralstorytellersinhuntergatherertribestothemillionsofwritersbringingoutbooks，televisionshowsandmovies.Andwhenacharacteristicbehaviorshowsupinsomanydifferentsocieties，researcherspayattention：itsrootsmaytellussomethingaboutourevolutionarypast.Tostudystorytelling，scientistsmustfirstdefinewhatconstitutesastory,andthatcanprovetricky.Becausetherearesomanydiverseforms,scholarsoftendefinestorystructure，knownasnarrative，byexplainingwhatitisnot.Expositioncontrastswithnarrativebybeingasimple，straightforwardexplanation,suchasalistoffactsoranencyclopediaentry.Anotherstandardapproachdefinesnarrativeasaseriesofcausallylinkedeventsthatunfoldovertime.Athirddefinitiondrawsonthetypicalnarrative’ssubjectmatter：theinteractionsofintentionalagents—characterswithminds—whopossessvariousmotivations.Howevernarrativeisdefined，peopleknowitwhentheyfeelit.Whetherfictionornonfiction，anarrativeengagesitsaudiencethroughpsychologicalrealism—recognizableemotionsandbelievableinteractionsamongcharacters.“Everyonehasanaturaldetectorforpsychologicalrealism，”saysRaymondA.Mar,assistantprofessorofpsychologyatYorkUniversityinToronto.“Wecantellwhensomethingringsfalse.”Butthebeststories—thoseretoldthroughgenerationsandtranslatedintootherlanguages—domorethansimplypresentabelievablepicture.Thesetalesattracttheiraudience，whoseemotionscanbecloselytiedtothoseofthestory’scharacters.Suchimmersion(沉浸)isastatepsychologistscall“narrativetransport”.Researchershaveonlybegunfiguringouttherelationsamongthevariablesthatcaninitiatenarrativetransport.(1). Thepassageindicatesthatstorytelling.(A). isbecominglessandlesspopularinmodernsocieties(B). attractsresearchers’attentionallthroughhumanhistory(C). isthebestwaytoshowtheevolutionarypastofhumanbeings(D). isacommonculturalphenomenonallthroughtheknownhistory(2). Thephrase“acharacteristicbehavior”inPara.1refersto.(A). tellingstories(B). writingbooks(C). studyingfolktales(D). producingmovies(3). Expositionischaracterizedby.(A). believablepictures(B). diversesubjectmatters(C). asimpleanddirectexplanation(D). anumberofcausallylinkedevents

(4). Howmanyapproachesarementionedtodefineanarrative?(A). One.(B). Two.(C). Three.(D). Four.(5). Thebeststoriesattracttheiraudiencebecausethey.(A). presentabelievablepicture(B). expresstheaudience’semotions(C). aretranslatedintootherlanguages(D). areretoldfromgenerationtogeneration四、WordSpelling(10points,1pointfortwowords)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。1. 能力，能耐n.a______2. 吹嘘，自夸v.b____3. 取消，删除v.c_____4. 危险的，不安全的a.d________5. 过多的，过度的a.e________6. 设备；便利n.f_______7. 喂草，放牧v.g____8. 几乎不，几乎没有ad.h_____9. 涉及，包含v.i______10. 律师n.l_____11. 较大的，重要的a.m____12. 国家的，民族的a.n_______13. 操作，经营n.o________14. 透入，渗入v.p________15. 拒绝，谢绝v.r_____16. 幸存，存活n.s_______17. 技术员n.t_________18. 在楼上，往楼上ad.u_______19. 老兵，老手n.v______20. 获胜者，优胜者n.w_____。

五、WordForm(10points,1pointeach)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。1. Itwas___(care)ofhertoleaveherpurselyingonthedesk.2. The___(frighten)childgrippedhismother’shandstightly.3. Itmightbepossibletoconvert___(explode)energyintoheat.4. Tomshoutedathiswife，“You___(find)faultwithme.”5. Jackhasexertedallhis___(strong)toattainhisgoal.6. Thesurfaceoftheearth___(cover)bymassesoflandandlargerareasofwater.7. Tomwastheonlyoneofthelookers-onwho___(be)willingtohelp.8. Unlessthere’sastorm,weshallsetoffonourjourneytomorrowas___(plan).9. Theyoungmanwassotiredthathefell___(sleep)themomenthisheadtouchedthepillow.10. Iwouldratherhe___(paint)thewallwhitenexttime.六、TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish(15points,3pointseach)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。1. 电脑能帮助解决科学研究中的许多问题。2. 好书的产生是努力工作的结果。3. 问题在于她是否能自己克服这些困难。4. 每个听到那条消息的人都兴奋得跳了起来。5. 你只要不气馁，一定会成功的。

答案：Aslongasyoudontloseheart,youwillsucceed.七、TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese(15points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。1. Everyoneagreesthatchildren’slanguagelearningbeginswithlistening.However,individualchildrenvarygreatlyintheamountoflisteningtheydobeforetheystartspeaking,andlatestartersareoftenlonglisteners.Mostchildrenwill‘obey’spokeninstructionssometimebeforetheycanspeak.Beforetheycanspeak，manychildrenalsoaskquestionsbygesturesandnoises.Itisagreedthattheyenjoymakingnoises,andthatduringthefirstfewmonthsoneortwonoisesareconsideredasaparticularindicationofdelight，d