广东省揭阳市梅岗中学2023年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

广东省揭阳市梅岗中学2023年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.LastSunday,theyarrivedatthefarm_____theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.A.that B.which C.towhich D.forwhich参考答案：C2.It’sveryhotanddry,butit

tobecoolintheevening.

A．expects

B．promises

C．wants

D．hopes参考答案：B3.Thecolor1ofthatT-shirt

andmadealltheotherclothespink.A.went

B.disappeared

C.ran

D.fell参考答案：C略4.Notuntilhelefthishome_____toknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.A.didhebegin

B.hadhebegun

C.thathebegan

D.hehadbegun参考答案：A5.Devotionisakindofquality,________youshouldhaveifyouwanttogetalongwellwithyourfriends.A.that B.it C.one D.what参考答案：C【详解】考查代词。句意：奉献是一种品质，如果你想和你的朋友相处得好，你应该拥有这种品质。根据上下文可知这里指代上文的akindofquality，用one“泛指”作akindofquality的同位语，it是同类同物，that特指上文的可数名词单数或不可数名词，what引导从句。故选C。6.I’mblessedwithahappyfamily,

_______thatmostpeoplewouldliketohave.A.itB.theone

C.one

D.that

参考答案：C7.

makemefeelworriedis

singingstarsarecenteredonbymassesofteenagerstoday．

A．What；what

B．that；that

C．What：that

D．That；what参考答案：A

10.Itwasonlyafterhehadreadthepapers

Mr.Grossrealizedthetaskbeforehimwasextremelydifficulttocomplete.Awhen

B.that

C.which

D.what参考答案：B9.Contrarytopopularbelief,takingawalkimmediatelyaftermealsdoesn’t_______dogoodtoourhealth.

A.necessarily

B.specially

C.directly

D.constantly

参考答案：A略10.Weneednotfeelashamedofourfailure.Wemay,_______,faceitrealisticallyandacceptitoptimistically.A.thus

B.otherwise

C.instead

D.indeed参考答案：C考查副词辨析。A.因此，所以;B.否则；另外；在其它方面；C.代替；反而；D.的确；真正地；甚至。根据前面对失败的不羞愧和后面的积极接受失败可知这是一种相反的态度，所以中间有一个转折词，此题中能表示转折的只要instead。句意：我们不需要为我们的失败感到羞愧，相反地，我们可能直面失败的现实并积极接受它。故选C11.--Thegovernmentisthinkingbanningsmokingonpublictransport.Ithinkit’sagoodidea.

--__________.Smokingisharmful.

A.

That’sagoodidea.

B.Iagreewithyou

C.I’mnotsureIagreewithyou.

D.I’mnotsureaboutthat.参考答案：C12.---Dad,I’mconfusedwhatIamgoingtodoaftergraduation.---You’dbetterfirstexploreyourtalentsandgettoknowyourselfsoastofindout__________yourrealinterestslie.A.what

B.where

C.which

D.how参考答案：B13.Alicewassoexcited_______shereceivedaticketfromherfriendtoattendtheconcert.A.where B.that C.why D.when参考答案：D14.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate________theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.which B.that C.what D.who参考答案：C【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：众公司正在齐心协力地工作，以创造出它们希望会是21世纪最佳运输方式（的东西）。此题考查宾语从句的引导词.1.tocreate______theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury为不定式短语,做主句的目的状语从句.其中create后面为宾语从句.2.宾语从句中,忽略插入语theyhope,即从句变成：______willbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.很明显,该从句缺少一个表sth的主语,所以只能用what来代替并引导该宾语从句。故选C项。15.—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet……Look,there_______therestofourguests!A.come

B.comes

C.iscoming

D.arecoming参考答案：A16.Liuxiangearnedtherespectfromthewholeworldashehoppeddownthetracktothefinishingline,____thelasthurdle.A.kissed

B.tokiss

C.kissing

D.havingkissed参考答案：C略17.Researchesindicatethatpeoplewhoconstantlyworkextrahoursaremorethanthreetimesaslikelyasthosewhoworksimplyinthedaytime_______signsofdepression.A.shown B.showing C.show D.toshow参考答案：D二、短文改错18.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10

处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加:

在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:

把多余的词用斜线(\)

划掉。修改:

在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)

不计分。DearMsSmith,IamLiHua.Iamwritingtoaskaseveral-hourleave.IwastogiveaspeechtowelcomeagroupofAmericanvisitingteachersonWednesdaymorning.IamterriblesorrytotellyouthatIcan’tcometoattendatyourclass.Howapity!PerspectivesonAmericanLiteraturearealwaysmyfavouritecourse.Idohopeyoucanexcusemyabsence.Astothelessonstobemissing,IwonderifitispossibleforthemtoberecordedsothatIcanlistentoitlater.OrIwilljustreadmyclassmate’snotesandmakingthemupassoonaspossible.Yourpermitwillbeappreciated.Thanksalot!Yours,LiHua参考答案：李华为欢迎美国参观老师去做演讲向老师请假，并说明了弥补课程的措施。1.ask后加for.考查动词短语。askfor“请求，要求”，此处指请几个小时的假，故ask后加for.2.was→am.考查动词时态。与全文时态一致用一般现在时，betodo表示将要做某事，故was→am.3.terrible→terribly.考查副词。此处修饰形容词sorry用副词，指非常抱歉，故terrible→terribly.4.删除attend后的at.考查及物动词。句中attend是及物动词后面直接加宾语，此处指上课，故删除attend后的at.5.How→What.考查感叹句。感叹句中how用来感叹形容词或副词，what用来感叹名词。此处pity是名词用what感叹，故How→What.6.are→is.考查主谓一致。句中主语PerspectivesonAmericanLiterature是一门课程，谓语用单数。故are→is.7.missing→missed.考查过去分词。句中lessons和miss是被动关系，此处是不定式的被动，tobe+过去分词，故missing→missed.8.it→them.考查代词。此处指代lessons是复数，故it→them.9.making→make.考查动词。用在助动词will后和and前的read并列，也用动词原形。故making→make.10.permit→permission.考查名词。物主代词Your修饰名词，此处指你的允许，故permit→permission.三、阅读理解19.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Doctorssayangercanbeanextremelydamagingemotion,unlessyoulearnhowtodealwithit.Theywarnthatangercanleadtoheartdisease,stomachproblems,headaches,emotionalproblemsandevencancer.

Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.Somepeopleexpressangeropenlyinacalmreasonableway.Someburstwithanger,andscreamandyell(大叫).Butotherskeeptheirangerinside.Theycannotorwillnotexpressit.Thisiscalledrepressinganger.

Foryearsmanydoctorsthoughtthatrepressingangerwasmoredangeroustoaperson'shealththanexpressingit.Theysaidthatwhenapersonisangry,thebrainreleasesthesamehormones.Theyspeedtheheartrate,raisebloodpressure,orsugarintotheblood,etc.Ingeneralthepersonfeelsexcitedandreadytoact.

Somedoctorssaythatbothrepressingandexpressingangercanbedangerous.Theybelievethatthosewhoexpressangerviolentlymaybemorelikelytodevelopheartdisease,andtheybelievethatthosewhokeeptheirangerinsidemayfaceagreaterdangerofhighbloodpressure.

Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger,thendecideifthecauseisseriousenoughtogetangryabout.Ifitis,theysay,"Donotexpressyourangerwhileangry.Waituntilyourangerhascooleddownandyouareabletoexpressyourselfcalmlyandreasonably."

Doctorssaythatagoodwaytodealwithangeristofindhumorinthesituationthathasmadeyouangry.Theysaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.45.

"Damagingemotion"meansthat_____________.

A.theemotionisharmless

B.theemotionisharmful

C.thefeelingisverystrong

D.thefeelingishard46.

Expressingangerviolently________repressingitaccordingtosomescientists.

A.isnotasdangeras

B.ismoreharmfulthan

C.isnobetterthan

D.ismuchbetterthan47.

Accordingtotheauthor,you'dbetter__________

A.neverbeangry

B.cooldownyourangerbeforeyouexpressit

C.laughandlaughwhenyougetangry

D.admityouarewrongwhenyouareangry48.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thetypesofanger.

B.Howtoreleaseanger.

C.Causesofanger.

D.Thedamagetohealthcausedbybeingangry.参考答案：45-48BCBD20.Nooneknowswhatthefuturewilllooklike.Newtechnologyandclimatechangemightmaketheworldmoredifferentthanwecanpossiblyimagine.Sowehadbetterkeepanopenmindandhopeforthebest.Wehavenoideawhatthejobmarketwilllooklikein2050.Itisgenerallyagreedthatmachinelearningandroboticswillchangealmosteverylineofwork–fromproducingyoghurttoteachingyoga.However,thereareconflictingviewsaboutthenatureofthechangeanditsurgency.Somebelievethatwithinameredecadeortwo,billionsofpeoplewillbecomeeconomicallyredundant(多余的).Othersmaintainthateveninthelongrunautomationwillkeepcreatingnewjobsandgreaterprosperityforall.Soareweonanedgeofaterrifyingsuddenchange,oraresuchforecastsyetanotherexampleofill-foundedLudditehysteria(勒德分子的歇斯底里)?Itishardtosay.Fearsthatautomationwillcreatemassiveunemploymentgobacktothenineteenthcentury,andsofartheyhavenevermaterialized.SincethebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution,foreveryjoblosttoamachineatleastonenewjobwascreated,andtheaveragestandardoflivinghasincreaseddramatically.Yettherearegoodreasonstothinkthatthistimeitisdifferent,andthatmachinelearningwillbearealgamechanger.Humanshavetwotypesofabilities–physicalandcognitive(认知的).Inthepast,machinescompetedwithhumansmainlyinrawphysicalabilities,whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageovermachinesincognition.Henceasmanualjobsinagricultureandindustrywereautomated,newservicejobsemergedthatrequiredthekindofcognitiveskillsonlyhumanspossessed:learning,analysing,communicatingandaboveallunderstandinghumanemotions.However,AIisnowbeginningtooutperformhumansinmoreandmoreoftheseskills,includingintheunderstandingofhumanemotions.Wedon’tknowofanythirdfieldofactivity—beyondthephysicalandthecognitive—wherehumanswillalwaysmaintainasecureadvantage.ItiscrucialtorealizethattheAIrevolutionisnotjustaboutcomputersgettingfasterandsmarter.Itisfuelledbybreakthroughsinthelifesciencesandthesocialsciencesaswell.Thebetterweunderstandthebiochemicalmechanismsthatsupporthumanemotions,desiresandchoices,thebettercomputerscanbecomeinanalyzinghumanbehavior,predictinghumandecisions,andreplacinghumandrivers,bankersandlawyers.Inthelastfewdecades,researchinneuroscienceandbehaviouraleconomicsallowedscientiststogainamuchbetterunderstandingofhowhumansmakedecisions.Itturnedoutthatourchoicesofeverythingfromfoodtomatesresultnotfromsomemysteriousfreewill,butratherfrombillionsofneuronscalculatingprobabilitieswithinasplitsecond.Boasting‘humanintuition’(直觉)isactuallypatternrecognition.63.Thesecondparagraphtellsusabout________.A.predictionsabouttheroleofmachinelearninginfuturejobmarketB.thespeedatwhichroboticswilltaketheplaceofhumanbeingsC.theurgencyofcreatingnewjobswiththehelpofautomationD.thenatureofapplyingnewtechnologytoeverylineofwork64.Theunderlinedexpression“ill-founded”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.A.unidentified B.badly-managedC.unproven D.ill-intended65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Lackofjobsecuritymightforcepeopletopickupmachinelearning.B.ThereispossibilitythatAIcanperformaconsultingroleasapsychologist.C.Theuseofautomationwillmakehumansmoreneededthaneverbefore.D.Arealgamechangerliesinmakingcomputersbecomefasterandsmarter.66.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.AIrevolutionissimilartotheindustrialrevolutionincausingunemployment.B.It’scrucialthathumansmaintainanadvantageinthethirdfieldofactivity.C.Theprocessofhumandecisioniscontrolledbyfreewillratherthanneurons.D.Thenatureofpreferenceatfirstsightistheresultofrecognizingpatterns.参考答案：63.A

64.C

65.B

66.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。没有人知道未来会是什么样子。新技术和气候变化可能会让世界变得比我们想象的更加不同。人工智能越来越多在一些技能上超越人类，包括对人类情感的理解。一见钟情的本质是识别模式的结果。【63题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句Wehavenoideawhatthejobmarketwilllooklikein2050.Itisgenerallyagreedthatmachinelearningandroboticswillchangealmosteverylineofwork–fromproducingyoghurttoteachingyoga.（我们不知道2050年的就业市场会是什么样子。人们普遍认为，机器学习和机器人技术将改变几乎所有的工作——从生产酸奶到教瑜伽。）可知，第二段告诉我们关于机器学习在未来就业市场中的作用的预测。故选A。【64题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中Soareweonanedgeofaterrifyingsuddenchange,oraresuchforecastsyetanotherexampleofill-fou