高中英语人教版Unit3Underthesea unit3underthesea

Unit3Underthesea【导语】捕鲸业是世界上古老的行业之一，它的历史发展和现状如何呢？Thewhalingindustryisoneoftheoldestindustriesinhasundergonevastchangessinceitsbeginning，primarilyduetothecreationoftheInternationalWhalingCommission.Commercialwhalingstillcontinuesthroughouttheworld，butthewhalingquotasarerestrictedbythecommission，therebyhelpingconservethewhalepopulations.Whalingreferstohuntingwhalesprimarilyfortheiroil，meatanddatesbacktoprehistorictimes，mostprevalentinNorwayandhuntbecameanindustryinthe1600sintheArcticregions，mostlybytheDutchandcolonistsstartedwhalinginthewhalerswerethefirsttokillaspermwhale，andthediscoveryofspermacetiinthewhale'sheadmadethespermwhaleoneofthemosthighlyprizedshipssetoutfromNewEnglandintothePacificforextremelylongvoyagestohuntdownthesewhales.Whalingindustryhasbeenapartofavarietyofcountries'followingcountriesweretheearliestpioneersinthewhalingindustry：England，France，Germany，Iceland，Japan，theNetherlands，NorwayandtheAmericancolonies(althoughtheywerenotacountryatthetime)．Thefollowingcountriesstillpracticewhalinginsomeformorfashion：Canada，Greenland，theGrenadines，Iceland，Indonesia，Japan，theNetherlands，Norway，RussiaandtheUnitedStates.【词海拾贝】1．vastadj.广阔的；巨大的2．primarilyadv.首先；最初3．commissionn．委员会4．commercialadj.商业的5．quotan．配额6．prevalentadj.盛行的7．spermwhale巨头鲸；抹香鲸【问题思考】1．Whathelpsconservethewhalepopulations?_______________________________________________________答案：Thewhalingquotas.2．Whatmadethespermwhaleoneofthemosthighlyprizedcatches?_______________________________________________________答案：Thediscoveryofspermacetiinthewhale'shead.Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义连线1．anecdote A．锐利的；锋利的2．accommodation B．浅的；肤浅的；浅显的3．yell C．陡峭的4．teamwork D．生动的；鲜明的5．flee E．配合；协作6．depth F．纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的7．conservation G．住所；住宿8．pure H．狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的9．vivid I．大叫；呼喊10．narrow J．轶事，奇闻11．sharp K．逃避，逃跑12．shallow L．保存，保护13．steep M．深(度)；深处答案：1－J2－G3－I4－E5－K6－M7－L8－F9－D10－H11－A12－B13－CⅡ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1．____________adj.每年的n．年刊；年鉴2．____________vt.当场见到；目击n．目击者；证人3．____________prep.在……对面adj.相对的；相反的4．____________vi.&n．暂停，中止5．____________vt.拖；拉；扯6．____________vt.催促；极力主张7．____________vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃8．____________n．目标；靶；受批评的对象9．____________vi.思考vt.映射；反射10．___________adj.意识到的；知道的11．___________adj.好的；整齐的；匀称的12．___________vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓答案：6．urge11．neatⅢ.根据英语释义写出单词1．________：tooccureveryyear2．________：desireorencouragesbtodo3．________：someonewhoseesaneventandreportswhathappened4．________：pullsthalongtheground5．________：stopforashortperiodandthencontinue6．________：leavetheplace，thing，orpersonforalongtime7．________：onlyasmalldistancefromonesidetotheother8．________：thelinethatmarkstheedge9．________：veryimpressiveorverydifficultandperhapsratherfrightening10．_______：moneypaidregularlytothosenotworkinganymore11．________：notmixedwithanything答案：10．pensionⅣ.选用短语的适当形式填空yellout；help...out；sortout；hold...up；aimatholdon；reflecton；upsidedown；beawareof；beaboutto1．Organizingtheschooltripwillbealotofwork，soIneedsomevolunteersto________．答案：helpout2．Don'tsqueezehishand；itwillmakehim________inpain.答案：yellout3．Theboy________theforeignstampsthathehadcollected.答案：wassortingout4．TheyshouldhavefinishedthatjobonFriday—what's________them________？答案：holdingup5．I________________thetreebuthitthecarbymistake.答案：wasaimingat6．I________________gotobedwhenIheardsomeoneknockatthedoor.答案：wasaboutto7．Wemanagedto________untilhelparrived.答案：holdon8．Becarefulanddon'tturnthetable________．答案：upsidedown9．Thegirlwasleftto________theinfluencesofherdecision.答案：reflecton10．Theyoungmen________thedangeroftakingdrugs.答案：areawareofⅤ.领会句子所用句型并译成汉语1．It_was_a_time_whenthekillerwhales，or“killers”astheywerethencalled，helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration._______________________________________________________答案：那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。2．Werandowntotheshoreintimetosee_an_enormousanimalopposite_us_throwingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain._______________________________________________________答案：我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。3．Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewas_about_to_beawhalehunt._______________________________________________________答案：这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。4．Aswedrewcloser，Icouldsee_a_whale_being_attackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers._______________________________________________________答案：走近一看，原来是一头鲸受到一群约六头其他虎鲸的攻击。5．I'msittinginthewarmnightairwith_a_cold_drinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday—adayofpuremagic._______________________________________________________答案：我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情——这纯粹是神奇的一天。6．Thewaterwasquiteshallowbutwhere_the_reef_ended，there_wasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor._______________________________________________________答案：海水是浅的，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。课文表层理解Ⅰ.根据课文内容判断正(T)误(F)1．Iwas18whenIbeganworkinJune1902atthewhalingstation.(F)2．Usingatelescopewecouldseethatsomethingwashappening.(T)3．Thebodywon'tfloatuptothesurfaceforaround12hours.(F)4．Theseawascalmthatdayanditwaseasytohandletheboat.(F)5．IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.(T)Ⅱ.根据课文内容回答问题1．WhathappenedtoJamesafterhewaswashedofftheboat?_______________________________________________________答案：HewasheldupinthewaterbyOldTomandrescued.2．WhydidGeorgebeatthewaterwithhisoar?_______________________________________________________答案：TocallbackOldTomtoleadtheway.3．Whydidthemenstartturningtheboataroundtogohomeafterthewhaledied?_______________________________________________________答案：Becausetheyknewthedeadwhalewouldn'tfloatuptothesurfaceforaround24hours.4．Whydidthekillersthrowthemselvesontopofthewhale'sblow－hole?_______________________________________________________答案：Tostopitbreathing.5．What'sthetextmainlyabout?_______________________________________________________答案：Thekillerwhalescanhelpthewhalerscatchwhales.Ⅲ.阅读P20～P21Reading部分，完成下列表格Killers'doingWhalers'reactionBeforethehuntThrewitselfoutofwater，again，swambytheboat，ustothehunt.·Onewhaler.·Georgeranahead.·Clancyracedafterhim.Theyintotheboatandthebay.DuringthehuntThrewthemselvestostopthewhale，stoppeditorfleeingouttosea.theharpoonatthewhale，letitgotohitthespot.AfterthehuntThebodywasdown.Startedaroundtogohome.Theyhadamazingrelationship.答案：downoutoutinto9．draggedtheboat课文深层理解根据课文内容选择最佳选项1．Whofirstshoutedthatthekillerwascoming?A．Thewriter. B．James.C．George. D．OldTom.答案：C2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Thekillerssometimesharmedthewhalers.B．OldTomwas70yearsold.C．OldTomneverdidfavourforthewhalers.D．OldTomandhisfriendswerehelpfultothewhalers.答案：D3．Whydidthekillersthrowthemselvesontopofthewhale'sblow－hole?A．Toprotectthewhale.B．Tohelpthewhalerunaway.C．Tostopthewhalebreathing.D．Totellotherkillerstocomecloser.答案：C4．WhathappenedtoJames?A．Hesuddenlycaughtabigfish.B．Hesuddenlyfellintothesea.C．HehelpedtheinjuredOldTom.D．Awhaleattackedhimandhedied.答案：B5．What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Aboutabigfishwhichhelpedthefishermen.B．Aboutgreatwhaleswhichhelpedthewhalers.C．Aboutthewhalerswhoweresurvivingonthesea.D．Aboutthewhalestationwherethewhalerscouldcatchthewhales.答案：B如何写投诉信1．投诉信中投诉服务是经常会考到的话题，一般主要集中在对于饭店、宾馆、餐厅、旅行社等服务性行业的投诉，此类书信一般在结构上可分为以下几个部分：(1)自我介绍，表明投诉内容以及与收信人的相关性。(2)陈述投诉内容，如时间、地点、人物、事件等，并指出对方服务问题所在以及由此而产生的对自己或者家人的影响。(3)提出整改建议或者希望得到对方的赔偿或补偿。2．写作投诉信时应该注意的几个问题：(1)投诉信与普通书信格式一样，但要注意写投诉信的目的是为了求得解决问题而不是为了泄愤，因此写信时一定要注意态度诚恳、礼貌委婉，反映问题的时候不能伤了双方的和气。(2)投诉信应重点表明投诉的原因，叙事应客观、准确、简洁。最后提出的解决方法应切实可行。在表达自己的不满时，语言要把握分寸，不失风度。【典型句式】(1)Iventuretowritealettertoyouabout...恕我冒昧，我写信是想告诉你……(2)Oneannoyingaspectofyourserviceis...你们服务中不尽人意的地方是……(3)IamwritingthislettertotellyouhowdisappointedIhavebeenwiththeafter－saleserviceatyourshop.我写信是想告诉贵店，我对你们的售后服务非常失望。(4)Iwouldliketodrawyourattentiontotheproblem...我希望引起贵方对……问题的注意。(5)IamwritingtoinformyouthatIfind...unsatisfactory./Iamdissatisfiedwithyour...我写信是为了告诉你我非常不满意……(6)Itrustyouwilltakemycomplaintsseriouslyand...相信贵方会认真对待我的投诉，并且……(7)Ihopeyouwillgivedueattentiontothismatter.希望贵方能对此事给予足够重视。(8)IwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldlookintothematterassoonasIamlookingforwardtoanearlyreply.如果贵方能尽快调查此事，我将万分感激。望早日做出答复。(9)Iamnotblaminganyone，but...我不是指责某个人，但是……(10)Iamsurethisisarareproblem.我相信这类问题不会经常发生。假设你是李华，上个星期天去市图书馆看书时发现了一些问题。请根据下列提示，用英语给馆长写一封100词左右的信，反映情况。1．新书太少。2．书架上的书比较混乱。3．管理员工作时彼此闲聊；读者无法安心看书。4．阅览室的一盏灯坏了，桌椅有些也被损坏。注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。2．信的开头和结尾已经为你写好。【写作要点】1．第一段委婉提出在图书馆发现的问题。2．第二段分析图书馆的具体问题。3．第三段就发现的问题希望馆长能采取必要的措施。【范文点评】范文点评Dearsir，LastSunday，Iwenttodosomereadinginthefoundsomething①，I'dliketovoice_my_opinions②，hopingitwillbeofhelptoyou.First，therearenotenoughnewbooksontheshelves，most_of_which_are_not_popular_today③.Second，somebooksarenotsortedinproperorder，making_it_difficult_for_us_readers_to_find_what_we_want_quickly④.Third，theassistantsdon'toffergoodarechattingwhilewearereadingquiet，whichmakesitdifficultforusconcentrateon，there_is_something_wrong_with⑤oneofthelightsaswellassomedesksandchairs.So，asareader，I_suggest_you_should_make_some_necessary_changes⑥assoonaspossiblesothatthelibrarycanbenefitmorepeople.①本文多次使用过渡词。②voiceone'sopinions属于高级词汇。③非限制性定语从句展示了作者的扎实写作功底。④分词结构作状语属于写作手法的高级表达。⑤Therebe结构的灵活运用。⑥大胆使用虚拟语气。

假设你是李华，请就食品卫生问题，给某报社英文栏目编辑写一封100词左右的信，内容要点如下：1.你的邻居因食用从市场上买回来的伪劣食品而中毒。2．你目睹了他们中毒以及在邻里帮助下脱险的经过。3．呼吁社会各界重视食品卫生与安全；……注意：1.短文须包含上述所有要点，也可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。2.文中所给出的提示不计入总词数。参考词汇：伪劣食品fakefood；食品卫生foodhygieneDeareditor，I'mwritingtotellyouaboutafoodpoisoning_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua答案：Dear_editor，I'daysago，myneighbourfamilyateabagoffakefoodfromthethemeal，theyhadstomachachesandthrewupwhattheyhadeatenastheirfacesturned，anotherneighbourpassedbyonlytofindtheincidentandimmediatelycalledtheambulance，whichcarriedthemquicklytoseveralhours'treatment，theyfinallyescapedfromdeath.Fromthisallofushaverealizedtheimportanceoffoodsomeillegalbusinessmenareonlyinterestedinmakingprofitsintheracetobecomerichquickly，theyseldomcareaboutthenecessarysafetymeasuresandhygieneorcarewhathappenstomustbechargedbyIdohopethewholesocietyshallbegintakingactiontoprotectpeople'slifesafety.Yours，Li_HuaA级基础过关Ⅰ.语法填空在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1．TheBrownslosttheirhomeinthebigfire，andtheirneighboursprovidedthemwith________(accommodate)．答案：accommodations2．IfyoucometovisitChina，youwillexperienceacultureofamazing________(deep)andvariety.答案：depth3．Thegroupcalledforthe________(conserve)ofwaterresources.答案：conservation4．TheseChinesescientistshavestudiedthe________(migrate)routesofthefishintheoceanforfiveyears.答案：migration5．I'mnotsureoftheexact________(relation)betweenKateandthinkthey'resisters.答案：relationship6．Idon'tthinkpeoplearereallyaware________justhowmuchitcosts.答案：of7．Iwasscared________deathwhenIsawsomeonewalkingslowlytowardsmeinthedark.答案：to8．________acupofhotcoffeeinhishand，Tonycameuptomewithabigsmile.答案：With9．Everythingintheroomwasturnedupside________．答案：down10．Hecuttheorangeinhalfandsucked________thejuice.答案：outⅡ.选用短语的适当形式填空witness；yellat；diveinto；fleefrom；sortout；indepth；inthemeantime；urge...to...；help...out；abandon...to1．I________theaccidentwithmyeyes.答案：witnessed2．Thematchisendingin5，everyonepresentisreallygettingexcited.答案：Inthemeantime3．Don'treckononyourfriendsto________you________ofthetrouble.答案：helpout4．Thesailors________themselves________drinkingaftertheylanded.答案：abandonedto5．Thatswimmerman________theicyriverwatertosavethedrowninggirl，whichmovedthepeoplepresent.答案：divedinto6．Myfriend，Jim,________me________applyforthethoughtIwasfitforit.答案：urgedto7．Abigfirebrokeoutsuddenlyallthepeople________thefireintime.答案：fledfrom8．HecalledonmewhileIwas________mystamps.答案：sortingout9．Allthepaperscoveredtheelection________．答案：indepth10．Atthattimetheywere________theirplayers，“Comeon!Comeon！”答案：yellingatⅢ.完成句子1．Thematch________________(被取消)becauseofbadweather.答案：wasabandoned2．Thestudents__________________(帮忙)inthefactoryafterschool.答案：helpout3．Theheadmasterurgedthatthedropoutstudents(辍学生)____________________________(被送去上学)againnextterm.答案：(should)besenttoschool4．Histasteiscompletely________________(与……相反)ours.答案：oppositeto5．______________________________(曾经有一段时期)hedislikedlearningEnglish.答案：Therewasatimewhen6．I________(意识到)whathewasaimingat.答案：wasawareof7．Youareluckytohave________________(九死一生)．答案：anarrowescape8．She____________________(几乎被吓死)bythestrangenoise.答案：wasnearlyscaredtodeath9．With________________(要记很多生词)，shewillstayuptonight.答案：manynewwordstoremember10．Atallbuildingwasputupattheplace______________(在以前曾是沙漠的地方)．答案：wherethereusedtobeadesertB级能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Afteraterriblecaraccident,thewholeworldhadbeencompletelydarkandquietforRobertEdwardsforalmosttenyears，forhebecamebothblindandlossofsightandhearingthrewhimintosuchasorrowthathetriedseveraltimestoputanendtohislife.Hiswifedidherbesttotendandcomfortandbyhefinallyregainedthecouragetoliveon.Onahotsummerafternoon，hewastakingawalkwithasticknearhishousewhenathunderstormstartedallatstoodunderalargetreeinordernottogethimselfwet.Unfortunatelyhewasstruckdownbyalightning.Thewitnessesthoughthimdeadbuthewokeupsome20minuteslaterlyingfacedowninmuddywaterbelowthetree.Hefeltthathewastremblingbadly，butwhenheopenedhiseyes，hedidn'tdaretobelievethathesawaplough(犁)lyingnearthewall.WhenMrsEdwardscamerunninguptohim，sheshoutedforsawherandheardhervoiceforthefirsttimeinnearly10years.ThenewsofRobert'sregaininghissightandhearingquicklydoctorscametoprovethetruthoftheofthemsaidthathegainedsightandhearingagainobviouslyfromtheknockoflightning;noneofthemcouldgiveconvincingreasons，however.Theonlyreasonableexplanationgivenbyonedoctorwasthat，sinceEdwardslosthissightandhearingasaresultofasuddenshockinaterribleaccident，perhapstheonlywayforthemtoregainwasbyanothersuddenshock.【语篇解读】罗伯特在一次重大车祸中失去了听力和视力。这样的情况持续了十年，后来他遭闪电击中，视力和听力却奇迹般地恢复了。1．WhatwasEdwardsdoingwhenhewasstruckbythelightning?A.Hewastakingawalkwithasticknearhishouse.B．Hewashidingfromtherainunderatree.C．Hewaslyingonthegroundinthemuddywater.D．Hewastremblingbadlyontheground.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hestoodunderalargetreeinordernottogethimselfwet.Unfortunatelyhewasstruckdownbyalightning.”可知答案。答案：B2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Edwardshadbeenblindanddeaffornearlytenyears.B．Edwardswokeupwithhisfaceinthemud.C．DoctorsheldthebeliefthatEdwardswasneverreallyblindordeaf.D．Edwardslostallhissensesforabout20minutesafterthelightninghadstruckhimdown.解析：细节理解题：根据第四段中的“Manydoctorscametoprovethetruthoftheofthemsaidthathegainedsightandhearingagainobviouslyfromtheknockoflightning”可知答案。答案：C3．HowdidEdwardsgethissightandhearingoncemoreaccordingtothedoctor?A．Heregainedthemfromaheadinjurywhenhefellfromatree.B．Hiswife'sfirstvisitafteralmosttenyearsmadehimsohappythatheregainedthem.C．Thelightningtookthefeelingfromhislegsandgavethesensesofsightandhearingtohishead.D．Theblowthatmadehimblindanddeafwasverysevere，soittookanothersevereblowtoregainthem.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“sinceEdwardslosthissightandhearingasaresultofasuddenshockinaterribleaccident，perhapstheonlywayforthemtoregainwasbyanothersuddenshock.”可知答案。答案：D4．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．EverycoinhastwosidesB．Regainingthelong－lostsightandhearingC．AsplendidthunderstormD．Athunderstorminneed解析：主旨大意题。根据全文的介绍可知，罗伯特在一次重大车祸中失去了听力和视力。这样的情况持续了十年，后来他遭闪电击中，视力和听力恢复了。故选B项。答案：BⅡ.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theactofgivinggiftsisagestureoffriendship，love，celebrationandalittleplanning，yourgiftswillberememberedforyears.__1__Putareminderinyourdiaryoneortwoweeksbeforetheoccasionsothatyoucanstartdoingyouryourreceiversliveveryfarawayandyouneedtomailthegift，thenadvancedplanningisevenmorewillmakesurethatyourgiftgetstothemon'tgivebasedonwhatothersgiveoftenhearpeoplesay“She'sspendingD|S100onme，soIshouldspendD|S100onher”．__2__Yourgiftsshouldbebasedonwhatisonyourheartforyour'tworryaboutwhetheryourreceiversaregoingtogiveyousomethingbackorhowmuchtheyarespendingonyourgifts.Respectyourgivenwithsincerityareappreciatedevenmorethanexpensiveplanninghowmuchyouneedtospendonyourgiftsforothersandassigningadollaramounttoeachdesiredgiftonyourlist，you'llbebetterpreparedtoshopwithinyourbudget.BeawareofAtastefullywrappedgiftwithmaterialsthatcanbereusedorrecycledshowsyourcaringfortheenvironment.Presentyourgiftwithwhenyoudo，presentyourgiftbyholdingwithbothyourhandsasthoughyouwereholdingitonasilverplatter.A．Thisthinkingcompletelyruinsthevalueofgivinggiftstoeachother.B．Beautifulgiftsdon'tnecessarilyneedtorelyonribbonsorboxes.C．Thecostofyourgiftwillnotbethemainfactorinitssuccess.D．Thebestwaytopresentagiftisalwayspresentingitinperson.E．ThisisadoptedfromAsianculturetoshowrespectandcare.F．Youshouldn'tbuygiftswhichareoutofyourbudget.G．Keepascheduleofthespecialdates.答案：Ⅲ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearofcollege，IwaslookingaroundforaplacetoSundayafterchurch，thepastor(牧师)toldmetostayinhisdaughter'sroombecausehisdaughterwasstudyingabroadforoneyear.Tobe__1__，Ireallydidn'twanttostaywith“thepastor'sfamily”．Hetoldmehowmuchthe__2__wouldbe—averylowfigurethat__3__onehomecookedmealathoughtaboutthe__4__anddecidedtomovein.AttheendofthetermIhadplannedtofind__5__livingplace，sincethedaughterwastomydelight，they__7__thatIsharearoomwiththeirseemedtohavebeenadoptedintotheir__8__—theirpeoplebecamemy__9__acceptedtheoffer.AsIemptiedthedaughter'sbedroom，Ithoughtitmightbe__10__tohavealittlesistertolookwhenIlatermetmynewsister，I__11__thatshewasmoreindependentthanIfirst__12__．Wefinallyfellinlove,__13__，andhavelookedaftereachotherformanyhavebeentimesthatlifeturnedoutmore__14__thaneitherofuscouldhavewehavealwaysbeenabletogo__15__largelybecauseweknewthatwearedeeply__16__．Itisn'taboutmarriage—It'sabout__17__．It'saboutmothersandfathers，sistersandbrothersandspecia