山东省临沂市2019中考英语试题(含答案)

精选历年各地中考真题 英语试卷 （时间：120分钟总分：120分）学校班级 姓名 座号第I卷（选择题）一、听力测试注意：听力测试分四部分，共20小题。做题时，请先将打案画在试卷上。录音内容结束后，将所选答案转涂到答题卡上。（一）听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。..（二）听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。6.A.Todobusiness.Tovisitherfriends.Tostudymedicine.7.A.Sally's.B.Alan's.C.Danny's.8.A.Somechicken.B.Somesandwiches.C.Somefish.9.A.Hewillgotothepark.9.A.Hewillgotothepark.Hewillprepareforaparty.C.Hewilltakeanexam.10.A.Atho（三）听短3B.Ontheplayground.C.Inthelibrary短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A袈示，不正确的用“B袈示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。HelenThayerwasthefirstwomanwhowalkedtotheNorthPole（北极）alone.HelenwasbornintheUnitedStates.HelenhadadreamtowalktotheNorthPolealonewhenshewasforty.

Onherjourney,Helenwalked345milesinfreezingweatherconditions.Once,sevenpolarbears（北极熊 ）wantedtoeatHelen.Luckily,shesavedherself.请考生们翻到第7页，先找到第四大题。你们将有 5秒钟的准备时间。二、单项填空选择最佳答案。1.Berlinis capitalofGermany.A./ B.a C.the2.Intheworld,morethan30%ofschoolsdonotprovidesafedrinkingwater about570millionchildren.A.with B.for C.towards3.IfIleavemyhouseat9o'clockanddrivetotheairport,I'llarriveatabout11.Soit'sabouttwo drivefrommyhousetotheairport.A.hours' B.hour's C.hours.-I'mgettinghungry.Doyouknowwherewecangetsomegoodfood?-Ofcourse!There arestaurantaroundthecomer.A.willbe B.was C.is.Arecentsurveyshowsthat44percentofAmericanswanttouseself-drivingcars, 34percentbelievethattheywillmaketheroadsmotedangerous.A.although B.because C.if.Tenniscanexerciseallofourmuscles（肌肉）.Anditrequires tospendtimewithothers.Thisisgoodforourhealthtoo.A.ours B.us C.we.Antsareprettysmall.Youmightthinkthatthey beratherweak.Butwhatyoumightnotknowisthatantsareactuallyverystrongfortheirsize.A.need B.can't C.must."Left-behind"children seetheirparents,becausetheirparentsworkinthecities,leavingthembehindinthecountrysidetobecaredforbytheirgrandparents.A.always B.hardlyever C.Often.Aroundtheworld,300milliontonsofplastic eachyear,ofwhichabout10percentendsupinthesea.A.iscreatedB.wascreatedC.createsA.iscreatedB.wascreatedC.creates.RoyworksinLondon.It himabouthalfanhourtogettoworkbybuseveryday.A.costs B.spends C.takes.Cathysoldsomeofherthingsinayardsaleand themoneytoachildren'shome.A.gaveaway B.gaveup C.gaveout.Meltingice（融冰）cancausesealevelstorise.Since1993,sealevels ataspeedof3.2cmevery10years.A.rose B.haverisen C.rise.Abreakbetweenclassesisagoodtimeforstudentstoplaysportsandtalkwiththeirclassmates.Soit helpswithstudents'health, improvestheirsocialskills.A.either;or B.neither;nor C.notonly;butalso.PeppaPig（《小猪佩奇》 ）isaBritishcartoon hasbeenpopularinChinaandismuchlovedbylittlechildrenandtheirparents.A.who B.which C./.Arebabiescarefree（无忧无虑）?AnewstudyfromtheUSsaysthat2-year-oldbabiescareaboutA.howothersawthem B.howdoothersseethem C.howothersseethem三、阅读理解ADoyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes（音量）?Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbadforyourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss（听力丧失）,becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumescanharmyourhearing.TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB（分贝）foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinnerear.Mostofusarebonwithabout16,000haircells（听毛细胞）inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,youalightfeeluncomfortableThe"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisaboutequalto（相当于）thenoiseofasubway.Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over-the-earheadphones（头戴式耳机）arebetterthanin-earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.Don'tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.Followthe60:60rule:listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutesaday.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用 “A'表示，不正确的用 “B裳示。.Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutes.Listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie..Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis..In-earheadphonesarebetterthanover-the-eatonesbecausetheycanstopmoreoutsidenoise..Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.BDoyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearnsomethingaboutthestruggles（奋斗）ofgreatscientists.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1readatypicaltextbookthatdescribestheachievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readaboutthosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Einstein（爱因斯坦）ranawayfromNaziGermanytoavoidpersecution（迫害）.Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotoldstudentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles障碍）.Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Afterthesix-weekstudy,theytookanother.ScientistsfoundthoseinGroups2and3improvedtheirsciencegrades.StudentsinGroup1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhadlowergradesafterthestudy.ThestudywasledbyXiaodongLin-Siegler,ateacheratColumbiaUniversity.AccordingtoXiaodong,kidsoftenthinkEinsteinwastrulyintelligent.Theybelievetheywillnevermatchhim.Manyofthemfailtorealizethatanysuccessrequiresalongjourney.Alongtheway,therearemanyfailures失败）.

Studentswhoreadthestrugglestoriesmoreprobablysaidthatgreatscientistswerelikethemselves.The"greatminds"alsohadtoovercomeobstaclestoachievesuccess.Xiaodongsaystoday'ssciencetextbooksfailtobringsciencetolife.Asaresult,studentsseldomregardscienceaspartoftheireverydaylives.Instead,theyjustseealonglistoffactsthattheyhavetoremember.Xiaodongthinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed.Andstudentsshouldfocusmoreonhowthesescientistsdealtwiththeobstaclestheymetalongtheway.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。.Accordingtothearticle,studentscanimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygradesby.readingtheachievementsofgreatscientistsmorecarefullylisteningmorecarefullytotheirphysicsandchemistryteacherslearningabouthowgreatscientistsdealtwiththeirobstacles.Allofthestudentswhotookpartinthestudy.wereinterestedinphysicsandchemistrywenttoschoolinNewYorkCitywantedtoimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygrades.AndyHuntwasoneofthestudentswhotookpartinthestudy.Accordingtohisreportcard,hewasprobablyamemberof.AndyHuntClass2,Grade9Physics2018.4-9 862018-5-2279A.Group1 B.Group2 C.Group3.InParagraphFour,theword"match"means""inChinese.A.满足B.A.满足B.比得上C.配对XiaodongLin-SieglerthinkssciencetextbooksshouldtellstudentsdirectlythatEinsteinwasbornacommonmanmakethelonglistsoffacts山atstudentshavetoremembermoreinterestingincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceedC根据短文内容.从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供 41-45小题选用，第二个方框供46-50小题选用。每个选项只能便用一次，每框有一项剩余。A.cometrueB.everythingC.assoonasD.richestE.fingerF.nothingManyyearsago,therewasaGreekkingnamedMidas.KingMidaslovedgoldverymuch.Hehadmoregoldthananyotherkingintheworld,buthestillwantedmore.Oneday,abeautifulfairy（仙子）cametohispalace."Midas,youarethe26manintheworld,"saidthefairy."Yes,"saidtheking,"butIwantmoregoldbecausegoldisthemostwonderfulthingintheworld!""Yourwishwill27,"saidthefairy."Fromtomorrowmorning,youcanturneverythingyoutouchintogold."KingMidasgotupveryearlythenextmorning.Hewantedtoseeifhiswishhadreallycometrue.Hetouchedhisbedwithhis28andthebedwasturnedintogold.Thekingwaswildwithjoy.Heranaroundhispalaceandtouchedeverythinghesaw.Everythingwasturnedintogold!Thekingfelthungryafterrunningaroundforalongtime.Hedecidedtohavehisbreakfast.However,29hetouchedabowlofmilk,thebowl,togetherwiththemilkinit,wasturnedintogold.What'smore,thebreadandthemeatwerealsoturnedintogoldwhenhetouchedthem.Intheend,thepoorkingate30.A.wonderfulB.terribleC.withD.daughter'sE.rightawayF.rushedKingMidaswassittinghungrilyatthedinnertablewhenhislittledaughterrantohim.Hehuggedherandthelittlegalbecameagoldstatue（雕塑） 31.Thekingfeltafraid."Fairy,"heshouted,"takeawaythis32gift!Givemebackmylittlegal!"Inamoment,thefairywasstandingbeforehim."Doyoustillthinkthatgoldisthegreatestthingintheworld?"askedthefairy"No,no!"criedtheking."Ihavelearnedmylesson!""Verywell,"saidthefairy."Thereisaspring像）inthegarden.Sprinkle（洒）thingsthatyouhavetouched33thewaterfromthespring."Theking34tothespring.Heranbackwithabottleofwaterandsprinkledthewateronhis2020秒35head.Soon,thelittlegirlcametolife.Hethensprinkledhisbreakfast.Tohisgreatjoy,itturnedbacktorealbreadandmeat!DWehavefoundplasticintheoceanandinanimalslikebirds,fishandwhales.Butforthefirsttime,scientistshavefoundplasticinhumanpoop（大便）,USATodayreported.ThefindingscamefromastudyledbyscientistsfromEnvironmentAgencyAustria36Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweekandthenprovidedastoolsample（大便样本）fortesting.37About20smallplasticparticles（IM）werefoundinevery10grams（克）ofstool."Thesmallestplasticparticlescanentertheblood,thelymphaticsystem,andmayevenreachtheliver（月干脏工"saidPhilippSchwabl,whotookpartintheresearch. 38 They'renotsurehowthplasticgotinthevolunteers'bodies,either.Butmostofthevolunteerssaidtheydrankfromplasticbottlesandalsoateseafoodthatcouldincludeplasticfromoceanpollution.Infact,plasticiseverywherearoundus.Everyyear,lotsofplasticwastegoesintotheocean.39Mostoftheparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoil.andair.Couldplasticintheairfallontofoodandgetintothehumanbody?Somepaststudiesmayalsogiveusaclue. 一40 Andevensomedrinkingwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。There,sunlightandwaves（海浪）breaktheplasticwastedowntoverysmallpieces.Thescientistsaresurethattheplasticmustbeharmfultohumans.AccordingtoUSAToday,90%ofseasaltwhichissoldintheworldincludesplastic.Thescientistsfollowedeighthealthyvolunteersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.However,thescientistsaren'tsureiftheplasticisharmfultohumans.Scientistsfoundninedifferentkindsofplasticinthestoolsamples,accordingtothestudy.第II卷（非选择题）四、听写听对话，根据对话内容完成下列句子，每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前，你们有钟的时间阅读下列句子。WhenisDavegoingtoaconcert?Heisgoingonafternoon.Whattimedoestheconcertfinish?Itfinishesat.HowwillDaveandAlicegototheconcert?Theywillgetthere.Howmuchisaconcertticket?Itisonlydollars.WhatdoesDaveaskAlicetobringtotheconcert?HeasksAlicetobringatotheconcert.五、词形转换用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空格限填一词。Ifeltlyinginthesunonthebeach.(relax)Thelittleboysaid,"Iamoldenoughtotakegoodcareof"(my)Ourteamlostthegamebecauseweplayedvery(bad)InAmerica,95%ofpetownersthinkoftheiranimalsasfamily.(member)AteamofclimbersfromPekingUniversityreachedthetopoftheworld'smountam,Qomolangma,onMay15,2018.(high)ScientistsaroundtheworldareworkingtoamedicineforAIDS(艾滋病).(cover)Haveyouevercutyourfingerontheedge(边缘)ofabookpage?Thesmallcutonyourfingerisso .(pain)Thereareabout6,000'languagesthatarespokenaroundtheworld,but43%oftheyingout.Ifnoistaken,someoftheselanguageswilldisappear.(act)六、动词应用根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。AbusranoffabridgeintotheYangtzeRiverinChongqingonOctober28,2018.Theaccident49_(cause)byafightbetweenthedriverandapassenger,killingall15peopleonthebus.ccordingtothepolicereport,a45-year-oldfemalepassenger,surnamedLiu,arguedwiththedriver,surnamedRan.LiuwasangrybecauseRanrefused50(stop)thebusaftershemissedherstation.Shethenhitthedriver,causingtheaccident.ThevideoshowsthatLiuhitRanwithhermobilephonetwicewhileRan51(drive)thebus.Ratherthanstopinthemiddleoftheroad,.Rankeptdriving.Butinprotectinghimself,helostcontrolofthebusandatragedy(悲居1)happened.ThepolicesaidthatbothLiuandRanhadbrokencriminallawbyseriouslyendangering(危及)publicsafety.Andthepolice52(announce),"Liuhitthedriverwithherphoneandpreventedthedriverfromdrivingthebussafely.Thedriver,too,didn'tdohisbesttomakesurethathisdrivingwassafe."TheaccidentalsocausedheateddiscussionsontheInternet.Besidesfeelingterriblysorryforthetragedy,mostInternetusersblamed(指责)Liu,whilesomeotherscriticizedthedriver.Moreusersweretalkingaboutwhattheyshoulddo.OneWeibousersaid,"We53(stand)upandstopsuchfightsbetweenpassengersanddrivers(avoid)thiskindoftragedy."Anotheruseradvisedthatasafetybarrier(屏障)shouldbesetuponthebusItcanstoppassengersfrom(touch)thebusdriver.七、阅读表达根据短文内容，回答下列问题。Thepopulationoftheworldcontinuestoincrease,butinsomeareasthepopulationisfalling.ThisistrueinEuropeandespeciallyinEasternEurope.InRussia,thepopulationisgoingdownbyabout100peopleEVERYHOUR!Russia'spopulationcouldfallbyONETHIRDbytheyear2050!AndinPoJond^波兰)thepopulationisalsogoingdownbecausepeopleareleavingtoworkinothercountries.Oneofthemainreasonsisachangeoflifestyle.AlloverEuropepeople,especiallyeducatedwomen,haveadifferentattitude(态度)tochildrenthantheirparents."Ihaveonechildandsheisenoughforme,"saidGalinaTereschkova,adoctorfromMoscow."MyhusbandandIbothworkfull-time.Wecan'timaginehavingmorethanonechild."Manywomendecidetohavechildrenlaterinlifeornottohavechildrenatall."Idon'twanttohaveanychildrenuntilIhaveworkedforatleast10years,"said19-year-oldstudentHanaMarkovafromPrague.Heropinionistypicalof18-24yearoldwomeneverywhereinEurope.InPoland,thepopulationisgoingdownforadifferentreason.Alotofpeople,usuallyagedbetween20and30,areleavingthecountrytoworkabroad.PolandjoinedtheEuropeanUnionin2005andsincethenmorethanhalfamillionpeoplehavemovedtoBritain,Germany,SpainandItaly.Evenso,thepopulationofthosefourcountriesandmanyothercountriesinWestEuropeisalsogoingdown.

Manygovernmentsarenowencouragingpeopletohavelargerfamilies.InFrance,womennowreceivenearly$1,000amonthforayeariftheyhaveathirdchild.Austrianwomenreceive$700amonthforthreeyearswhentheyhavetheirfirstchild.Whereintheworldisthepopulationgettingsmaller?HowmanychildrendoesGalinaTereschkovawanttohave?WhatdoesHanaMarkovawanttodobeforeshehaschildren?59WhyisthepopulationinPolandgoingdown?HowdoestheFrenchgovernmentencouragepeopletohavelargerfamiliesnow?书面表达时光荏苒，初中三年转瞬即逝。跟三年前的自己相比较，你会有很多变化。请以“Ihavechangedalot!为题;时光荏苒，初中三年转瞬即逝。跟三年前的自己相比较，你会有很多变化。请以根据以下要求与提示，用英语写一篇短文，具体描述你最重要的变化及其如何发生的。要求：英语写根据以下要求与提示，用英语写一篇短文，具体描述你最重要的变化及其如何发生的。要求：英语写篇短文，具体描述你最重要的变化及其如何发生的。.短文不得出现任何真实人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分；.不少于 60词。提示：Whatdidyouusetobelike?Whatisthemostimportantchange?Andhowdidithappen?Tellastoryaboutit.Ihavechangedalot!

答案与解析第I卷（选择题）一、听力测试注意：听力测试分四部分，共20小题。做题时，请先将打案画在试卷上。录音内容结束后,将所选答案转涂到答题卡上。（一）听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。1. 2.3. 4. 5.1. 2.3. 4. 5.（二）听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍6.A.Todobusiness.Tovisitherfriends.Tostudymedicine.7.A.Sally's.B.Alan's. C.Danny's.8.A.Somechicken.B.Somesandwiches.C.Somefish.9.A.Hewillgotothepark.B.Hewillprepareforaparty.C.Hewilltakeanexam.10.A.Athome.Ontheplayground.Inthelibrary10.A.Athome.Ontheplayground.Inthelibrary（三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用 “A袈示，不正确的用“B袈示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。HelenThayerwasthefirstwomanwhowalkedtotheNorthPole（北极）alone.HelenwasbornintheUnitedStates.HelenhadadreamtowalktotheNorthPolealonewhenshewasforty.Onherjourney,Helenwalked345milesinfreezingweatherconditions.Once,sevenpolarbears（北极熊 ）wantedtoeatHelen.Luckily,shesavedherself.请考生们翻到第7页，先找到第四大题。你们将有 5秒钟的准备时间。二、单项填空选择最佳答案。1.Berlinis capitalofGermany.A./ B.a C.the【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：柏林是德国的首都。A选型是零冠词，a是不定冠词，常翻译为“一个”，the表示特指。capitalofGermany德国的首都，是特指，所以用定冠词the,故选C。2.Intheworld,morethan30%ofschoolsdonotprovidesafedrinkingwater about570millionchildren.A.with B.for C.towards【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：在世界上，超过30%的学校没有为大约 5.7亿儿童提供安全的饮用水。providesthforsb/providesbwithsth,为某人提供某物，这是固定搭配。根据句子结构，这里用到短语 providesthforsb,故选B。【点睛】offer和provide的用法区别：这两个单词都表示提供，但是他们的搭配不同，offer的短语是offersbsth或者offersthtosb；而provide的短语是providesbwithsth或者prvidesthforsb。3.IfIleavemyhouseat9o'clockanddrivetotheairport,I'llarriveatabout11.Soit'sabouttwo drivefrommyhousetotheairport.A.hours' B.hour's C.hours【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：如果我 9点离开家，开车去机场，大约11点到。所以从我家到机场大约要两个小时的车程。首先两小时twohours,这里表示开车两个小时"的”距离，所以要用所有格，表示…的，hours的所有格直接在后面加 “’”，故选A。.-I'mgettinghungry.Doyouknowwherewecangetsomegoodfood?-Ofcourse!There arestaurantaroundthecomer.A.willbe B.was C.is【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意： 我饿了。你知道在哪能买到好食物吗？ 当然！拐角处有一家餐馆。A选项是一般将来时的therebe句型，B选项是一般过去时的 therebe句型，C选项是一般现在时的 therebe句型；根据句意这里是一般现在时，故选C。.Arecentsurveyshowsthat44percentofAmericanswanttouseself-drivingcars, 34percentbelievethattheywillmaketheroadsmotedangerous.A.although B.because C.if【答案】 A【解析】【详解】 句意： 最近的一项调查显示，44%的美国人希望使用自动驾驶的汽车， 尽管34%的人认为这会使道路变得危险。although虽然，because因为，if如果；根据前后句意可知，这里表示让步，即虽然，尽管，故选A。.Tenniscanexerciseallofourmuscles（肌肉）.Anditrequires tospendtimewithothers.Thisisgoodforourhealthtoo.A.ours B.us C.we【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：网球可以锻炼我们所有的肌肉，它要求我们花时间和别人在一起练习，这对我们的健康也有好处。ours是名词性物主代词；us是宾格；we我们，是主格；空格在动词 require的后面，作require的

宾语，所以用宾格，表示“需要我们”，故选B。.Antsareprettysmall.Youmightthinkthatthey beratherweak.Butwhatyoumightnotknowisthatantsareactuallyverystrongfortheirsize.A.need B.can't C.must【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：蚂蚁很小，你可能认为它们一定很软弱，但你可能不知道 是，蚂蚁的体型其实非常强壮。need意思是需要；can’t表示否定推测；must表示肯定推测；根据句意，表示“他们肯定很虚弱 ”，所以是肯定推测，故选 C。【点睛】表示推测的词： mustbe表示对现在的肯定推测； can'tb表示对现在的否定推测； may/might/couldbe是对现在的可能性推测。8."Left-behind"childrenseetheirparents,becausetheirparentsworkinthecities,leavingthembehindinC.OftenH/、“留守”儿童很少见到他们的父母，因为他们的父母在城市工作，把他们留在.由他们■i…8."Left-behind"childrenseetheirparents,becausetheirparentsworkinthecities,leavingthembehindinC.OftenH/、“留守”儿童很少见到他们的父母，因为他们的父母在城市工作，把他们留在.由他们■i…y…一1’〜thecountrysidetobecaredforbytheirgrandparents.A.always【详解】句意:的祖父母照顾。所以可以推测B.hardlyever很少”见到父母，故选B。.Aroundtheworld,300milliontonsofplastic eachyear,ofwhichabout10percentendsupinthesea.A.iscreated B.wascreated C.creates【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：在世界各地，每年都有 300万的塑料是被创造，其中大约百分之十都流向了大海。 create创造，根据句意，塑料“被”创造，因为是“每年”所以是一般现在时，故是一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。.RoyworksinLondon.It himabouthalfanhourtogettoworkbybuseveryday.A.costs B.spends C.takes【答案】 C【解析】【详解】 句意： 罗伊在伦敦工作，他每天乘公共汽车上班大约要半个小时。cost花费，主语一般是物；spend花费钱或时间，主语是人； take花费时间，其句型为ittakessbsometimetodosth；此句根据空前的it,及后面的todo不定式，可以看出用到take的句型，故选 C。.Cathysoldsomeofherthingsinayardsaleand themoneytoachildren'shome.A.gaveaway B.gaveup C.gaveout【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：凯茜在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了一些东西，把钱捐给了一个儿童之家。giveaway捐赠，giveup放弃，giveout分发；根据句意，表示把钱“捐赠”给了儿童之家，故选A。.Meltingice（融冰）cancausesealevelstorise.Since1993,sealevels ataspeedof3.2cmevery10years.A.rose B.haverisen C.rise【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：融冰会导致海平面上升，自1993年以来，海平面以每 10年3.2厘米的速度上升。根据句子中的 since自从， 可知动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，并有可能一直持续下去，符合现在完成时的定义，完成时结构：主语 +have/has+过去分词，故选 B。.Abreakbetweenclassesisagoodtimeforstudentstoplaysportsandtalkwiththeirclassmates.Soit helpswithstudents'health, improvestheirsocialskills.A.either;or B.neither;nor C.notonly;butalso【答案】C【详解】句意：课间休息是学生进行体育活动和与同学交谈的好时机，因此，它不仅有助于学生的健康，而且提高了他们的社交技能。 either•••o或者•・・・或者•••.；neither••.n既不•・•.也不；notonly••.butals吓仅•••.而且；根据句意，课间休息对学生的健康和社交技能都有帮助，故这里表示“不仅而且”，故选C。PeppaPig（《小猪佩奇》）isaBritishcartoon hasbeenpopularinChinaandismuchlovedbylittlechildrenandtheirparents.A.who B.which C./【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：《小猪佩奇》是一部在中国很受欢迎的英国动画片，深受幼儿和父母的喜爱。根据句子结构，空后部分是作定语修饰 Britishcartoon,所以是定语从句。先行词是 Britishcartoon,是物，故选B。【点睛】定语从句中常见的关系代词的用法：which：引导从句,先行词指事物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；that：引导从句,先行词指人或事物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；who：引导从句,先行词指人，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语；whom：引导从句,先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；whose：引导从句 ,先行词指人，在从句中作定语。Arebabiescarefree（无忧无虑）?AnewstudyfromtheUSsaysthat2-year-oldbabiescareaboutA.howothersawthem B.howdoothersseethem C.howothersseethem【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：婴儿是否无忧无虑？美国的一项新研究表明，2岁的婴儿关心别人如何看待他们。根据句子结构，这是宾语从句，所以疑问句要用陈述句语序，故排除B;另外“研究表明・••.”这是一般现在时，故选C。三、阅读理解ADoyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes（音量）?Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbadforyourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss（听力丧失）,becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumescanharmyourhearing.TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB（分贝）foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinnerear.Mostofusarebonwithabout16,000haircells（听毛细胞）inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,youalightfeeluncomfortableThe"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisaboutequalto（相当于）thenoiseofasubway.Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over-the-earheadphones（头戴式耳机 ）arebetterthanin-earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.Don'tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.Followthe60:60rule:listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutesaday.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用 “A袈示，不正确的用 “B'表示。Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutesListeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie.Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis.In-earheadphonesarebetterthanover-the-eatonesbecausetheycanstopmoreoutsidenoise.Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.【答案】 16.B 17.A18.A 19.BB【解析】本文主要讲述了长时间听大音量的音乐会对我们的听力造成伤害。【16题详解】根据第一段 tisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB分贝（）foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.听8小时大于85分贝（分贝）或 15分钟大于100分贝的声音是不安全的。所以此句和原文是矛盾的，故用B表示。【17题详解】根据第二段 However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.然而，长时间听大噪音会使这些细胞工作得太辛苦，导致其中一些细胞死亡。所以此句和原文是一致的，故用A表示。【18题详解】根据第四段 Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.比如当你在地铁的时候，你可能会把你的音乐调得太大而没有意识到。所以当人们在比较嘈杂的环境时，可能不能意识到音乐的声音有多大，故此题说法和原文一致，故用A表示。【19题详解】根据原文Over-the-earheadphones（头戴式耳机 ）arebetterthanin-earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,可知头戴式耳麦比耳麦好，它们在阻止外界噪音方面做得更好。故此句说法和原文是相反的，故用B表示。【20题详解】通过阅读全文可知，本文主要讲了长时间听大音量的音乐会对听力造成伤害，而并没有讲为什么耳朵是我们身体的重要组成部分，此选项错误，故用B表示。BDoyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearnsomethingaboutthestruggles（奋斗）ofgreatscientists.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1readatypicaltextbookthatdescribestheachievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readaboutthosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Einstein（爱因斯坦）ranawayfromNaziGermanytoavoidpersecution（迫害）.Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotoldstudentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles障碍）.Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Afterthesix-weekstudy,theytookanother.ScientistsfoundthoseinGroups2and3improvedtheirsciencegrades.StudentsinGroup1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhadlowergradesafterthestudy.ThestudywasledbyXiaodongLin-Siegler,ateacheratColumbiaUniversity.A