高中英语北师大版Unit12Cultureshock 综合过关检测一

综合过关检测一(时间:90分钟满分:120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。A(2023福建毕业班质检)Wanttohelpfightglobalwarming?Takeoffyourtie,saystheItalianhealthministry.Ithasurgedemployerstolettheirstaffdresscasuallyatworkinthesummersothattheairconditioningcanbeturneddown.“Takingyourtieoffimmediatelylowersthebodytemperatureby2or3degreescentigrade,”theministrysaidinastatement.“Allowingamoresensibleuseofairconditioningbringsaboutelectricitysavingsandprotectstheenvironment.”ItcalledonallpublicandprivateofficestoletemployeeswearnotieduringheatwavesliketheonethathasbroughtAfrica-liketemperaturestomanypartsofItalythisweek.Themoveechoes(回应)asimilaractionfromItaly’sbiggestoilgroup,ENI,whichtolditsstaffearlierthismonththeyneednotwearatieatwork.Thetiemakers,however,werelefthotunderthecollar.

“Italyconfirmsthatitisastrangecountry,”FlavioCimasaidangrilyinalettertofinancialdailyIlSole24OREundertheheadline:“I,tiemaker,amresponsibleforglobalwarming.”“Wecannowhappilycontinuewithourlifestyle,usingcars,consumingfuel,heatingandcoolingourhomesatonecondition:weshouldnotwearatiewhilewedoso,”hewrote.“Ishouldhavelistenedtomyfriendsandbecomeanoilproducerinstead.”ItalyisoneoftheEuropeanUnion’sworstperformersonthepollutionfrontandisamongtheEUcountriesexpectedtoexceed(超出)theirgreenhousegasemission(排放)targets.’sthepurposeofthemoveoftakingoffties?dresscasually.fightglobalwarming.keepthebodytemperature.improveworkingconditions.提示:细节理解题。根据第一段的“Wanttohelpfightglobalwarming?Takeoffyourtie”可知,解掉领带是为了抵制全球变暖,故B项正确。答案:Bfirstencouragedemployeestotakeoffties?.Cima.financialdaily. Italianhealthministry.提示:细节理解题。根据第五段中的“ENI,whichtolditsstaffearlierthismonththeyneednotwearatieatwork”可知,ENI公司最早鼓励员工上班时不戴领带,故A项正确。答案:Adoestheunderlinedpart“hotunderthecollar”inParagraph6probablymean?. .. .提示:词义猜测题。根据第四段和第五段可知,包括ENI在内的许多公司,都鼓励员工不戴领带上班;根据常识可以判断,此举势必造成领带制造商的商品滞销;结合第七段的“FlavioCimasaidangrilyinaletter”可以判断,画线部分意为“愤怒的”,故A项正确。B项意为“(因愤怒等)说不出话的”,C项意为“高兴的”,D项意为“困惑的”,都与语境不符。答案:AofthefollowingisTRUEaboutFlavioCima?standsbytheoilgroup.agreeswiththeministry.admitshisresponsibility.arguesagainsttakingoffties.提示:推理判断题。根据第六段“Thetiemakers,however,werelefthotunderthecollar.”以及第七段中的“‘Italyconfirmsthatitisastrangecountry,’FlavioCimasaidangrilyinaletter”可知,对于鼓励员工不戴领带上班一事,作为领带制造商的FlavioCima非常生气;据此可以判断,他对不戴领带工作的观点有异议,故D项正确。答案:DB(2023湖北武汉武昌调研)Ourplanetishometoaboutsevenbillionthe1990s,populationexpertshavepredictedthenumberwouldgrowtoninebillionbeforeitbeginstoslowdownandpossiblydecrease.Butanewreportpredictstheworld’spopulationislikelytoincreasetoalmost11billionbyonthemostmodernstatisticaltools,thenewreportmakesuseofgovernmentrecordsandconsidersexpertpredictions,includingdeathrates,birthratesandinternationalmigration,orpeoplemovingacrossreportsaysduringtherestofthiscentury,Africa’spopulationwillgrowfromaboutbilliontobillionoverthenext85years.JohnisdirectoroftheUnitedNationsPopulationsaysthatinthepast,researchersthoughtpopulationgrowthinAfricawouldbesimilartothatofotherexpectedslowergrowthratesasbirthcontrolusebecamemorehesaysthoseideaswerewrong.“Thelevelofcontraceptionusehascontinuedtoincreasebutslowly—moreslowlythanexpected,andbirthratethereforehasbeenfallinglessrapidlythanexpected,andthepopulationthereforecontinuestogrowsomewhatmorerapidlythanweexpected.”ThenewfindingsarebasedonajointresearchprojectoftheUnitedNationsandtheUniversityofWashington.

TheresearchersbelievethepopulationofAsiawillreachfivebillionbyisupfromthecurrentthenitbeginstoresearchersalsobelievethatNorthAmerica,Europe,LatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanareawillhaveatotalpopulationofbelowonebillion.Johnsaysthepressureoffeedingtherisingpopulationislikelytobelessthanthatmightbeexpected.“Therelativelygoodnewsisthattheworldhasbeenwinningtheracebetweenpopulationgrowthandfoodyoulookbackhistoricallyoverthelast50years,certainlyfortheworldasawholeandformanymostindividualcountriesandregions,theincreaseinfoodproductionhasoutpacedtheincreaseofpopulation.”areawillexperiencethelargestincreaseinpopulationattheendofthecentury?. .. America.提示:细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,非洲人口会增长billion;根据第五段的第一、二句可知,亚洲人口到2050年会增长billion,接着会下降;根据第五段的最后一句可知,欧洲、北美、拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区总人口不到1billion。故选B项。答案:B6.“Contraceptionuse”inthefourthparagraphrefersto.

methodofexpertpredictionswayofavoidinggrowthinpopulationjointresearchintotherisingpopulationpotentialtechnologyforfoodproduction提示:词义猜测题。根据第三段的第三句可知,他们预计避孕措施的普及会使人口出生率的速度减慢,故下文画线短语的意思是“避免人口增长的方法”,故选B项。答案:BisthepressureoffeedingtherisingpopulationlessthanexpectedaccordingtoJohn?predictionsarenotexactlylikewhatthefactshappen.havealwaysbeenfallinglessrapidlythanweexpected.populationgrowslessrapidlythanpopulationexpertsexpected.increaseinfoodproductionhasoutpacedtheincreaseofpopulation.提示:细节理解题。根据第七段的“theincreaseinfoodproductionhasoutpacedtheincreaseofpopulation”可知,食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长,故选D项。答案:Dcanbeinferredfromthepassage?world’spopulationwillincreaseconstantly.populationofAsiawillriseby5billionby2050.isoptimisticaboutfeedingtherisingpopulation.growthinAfricawasmuchslowerthanexpected.提示:推理判断题。根据第七段的内容可知,John认为好消息是在人口增长与食物产量增长这场比赛中,世界一直在取得胜利,并且食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长,故可推知选C项。答案:CC(2023安徽合肥第一次质检)WhenslaveswerefirstbroughtoverfromWestAfricatothesouthernpartsofAmerica,theybroughtalongwiththemaspectsoftheirownculture—religion,dance,language,music,andmixofthetwocultureseventuallyreligiousdanceoftheringshoutturnedintomoderndancesliketheCharleston,andtribalchantsslowlytransformedintosorrowfulhymns(圣歌)sungbyslavesthatdescribedtheirhardships.Thesesoulfulaccountsbyslavesofthesevereclimateandconditionsbegantobecalled“theblues”,whichcontinuedinpopularityamongAfricanAmericansaftertheCivilmusicincreasedinpopularityintotheearly1900swhenmanyblackmusiciansbecameanimportantpartofthemusicindustry.TheslavesthathadbeenbroughtoverwerefromalldifferentregionsofWestAfrica,buttheyworkedtogetheruntiltheygraduallyformedacommonstrengthenedtheidentityoftheirmusicthat,inthe1950s,eventuallyledtothebeginningofrockandBeatles,themostinfluentialbandofthe1960s,areoftendeterminedastheacceleratorthatresultedintheideology(意识形态)surroundingmusicthatisstillaroundfreedomandindividualityassociatedwiththattimeperiodbroughtforthawholeculturesurroundingwasnotjustmusicanymore,butalifestyle.Overthedecades,musichasdevelopedintosuchavitalpartofsocietyandpopareglorified,withtonsofadoringandscreamingmoderntechnologyofpresentdayhasallowedforagreatergapbetweenthecreatorofthemusicandthefans,aswellasthewidespreadcommercializationof,criticismsofmodernpopmusicoftenariseduetoitsmassproduction,andnowthereislackofthesamesoulandqualityofnaturalnessandsimplicityinmusicthatwasrisingintheearly20thcentury.contributedtothebirthoftheCharleston?Africanreligions.’sloveoftribaldances.mixoftwodifferentcultures.popularityofsorrowfulhymns.提示:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“AmixofthetwocultureseventuallyreligiousdanceoftheringshoutturnedintomoderndancesliketheCharleston”可知,两种文化的混合促进了Charleston的出现。故选C项。答案:Ctothepassage,whatcanwelearnabouttheblues?becamepopularinthelate20thcentury.mayincludethedescriptionofslaves’sadlives.mainlytoldthestoriesoftheAmericanCivilWar.reflectedthehardlivesofmanyblackmusicians.提示:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thesesoulfulaccountsbyslavesofthesevereclimateandconditionsbegantobecalled‘theblues’”可知,对在苛刻的气候和环境下工作的奴隶的那些深情凄婉的描述被称作“theblues”。故选B项。答案:Bdoestheunderlinedword“This”inthethirdparagraphreferto?’collectivework.regionofWestAfrica.newcommonculture.musicbytheBeatles.提示:词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“theyworkedtogetheruntiltheygraduallyformedacommonstrengthened”可知,他们一起工作直到他们逐渐形成一种共同的文化。故选C项。答案:Ccanbelearnedthatthemusicintheearly20thcentury.

soulandsinceritymorecommercializedblamedforitsmassproductionthegapbetweenmusiciansandfans提示:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“andnowthereislackofthesamesoulandqualityofnaturalnessandsimplicityinmusicthatwasrisingintheearly20thcentury”可知,20世纪早期的音乐拥有灵魂而且纯粹真诚,故选A项。答案:A第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)导学号53100018根据对话内容,从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。(2023广东广州模拟)Sincethedayofitsbirth,theUnitedNationshasbeenthesubjectofmuchdebate.13OthersthinkthatitistoocanbetterunderstandthisdebateifwelearnmoreabouttheUNanditshistory.

TheUNwasstartedfortwo,whentheideawasborn,peopleallovertheworldweretiredoffeltthattheremustbepeacefulanswerstotheworld’sproblems.14

Thesecondreasonwasthatmodernsciencehaddevelopednewbombsandairplanes.15Nationalborderswerebeginningtolosetheirwoulddevelopevenmoredangerousweaponsintheaninternationalorganizationwouldbeabletocontrolmodernscience.

Franklin,.Presidentatthetime,believedthattheAllies(同盟国)shouldplanforpeacebeforethewarDecember1,1943,Roosevelt,Britain’sWinstonChurchillandJosephStalinagreedtostartanorganizationforworldpeace.16

Duringthenextyearandahalf,theideaofsuchanorganizationwasdebatedaroundthecamethebigApril11,1945,thefirstinternationalmeetingoftheUnitedNationstookplaceinSangoalofthemeetingwastowritetheUNCharter(宪章).Allofthefifty-onenationsatthemeetinghadtheirownideastoofferforthecharter.17Everynationpresentvotedfortheonevotedagainstit.

alongdebate,afinalcharterwasagreedupon.UNCharterisabeautifulpieceofwriting.askedallcountries,largeandsmall,tojointheorganization.thesmallestcountryonearthcanhaveitsvoiceheard.alsofeltthatonlyaninternationalorganizationcouldkeepworldpeace.weaponsmadeitalmostimpossibleforacountrytodefenditself.peopleattacktheorganizationbecausetheythinkitistoopowerful.答案:13~17GEFCAⅡ.英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2023安徽合肥第一次质检)Aftersteppingoutoftheinternationalplane,Irealizedmy10-hoursleepyvoyagefinallycametoanonthebus,Iwaswaitinganxiouslyforittostart.Awoman,sittingnexttome,andherdaughterbothseemed18.Shetoldmethatherdaughterhadanupsetstomachandwouldthrowupcontinuously;19,themotherhadlosther20.Apartfromasignificantamountofmoney,thepursealsohadherphoneandaphonenumberofanimportant21,apersonshewastravelling90kilometerstomeetfordiscussinga22matterwhichhadtobe23bytomorrowmorning.

Ihandedhermycellphonewithout24andtoldherthatshecouldmakeanycallshealso25abottleofwaterIhadinmybagtorelieveherdaughterofher26.Aftermakingseveralcalls,theyfinally27totheofficial!Theyturnedtolookatme28andthankedmemanywomantriedtopayformy29,butIjumpedtodoitbeforeher30Iknewshehadlosthermoney.

Nextmorning,Ireceivedacallfromthemother,sayingthattheycouldn’ttellhowmuchmy31acttouchedwereso32thattheyhadtakendownmynumbertothankwas33tobethankedinthisneverthoughtmysimpleoffer34somuchinherIthoughtofhowmanyopportunitiesfor35wehadlostbypluggingintocellphonesandbeingdisconnected36therealityaroundus—somethingwitheasyaccessmaymakeabig37toothers.

提示:根据下文的“Shetoldmethatherdaughterhadanupsetstomachandwouldthrowupcontinuously”和“themotherhadlosther20”可知,这对母女看起来都很焦虑(uncomfortable),故选D项。

答案:D 提示:根据上下文语境可知,此处表示除此之外,这位母亲还丢了钱包,故选A项。答案:A 提示:参见上题解析。下文的“thepursealsohadherphone”是提示。答案:C 提示:根据第27空后面的“theofficial”可知,此处指钱包里有一位重要的官员的电话,故选D项。答案:D 提示:根据空后的“whichhadtobe23bytomorrowmorning”可知,这件事必须在明天上午之前解决,由此可知,这是一件紧急的事情。pressing“紧迫的,迫切的”,故选B项。

答案:B 提示:参见上题解析。settle“解决”。答案:A 提示:此处表示作者毫不犹豫地把手机递给那位女士。故选D项。答案:D 提示:根据语境可知,作者从包里拿出一瓶水。produce“拿出,出示”,故选A项。答案:A 提示:根据上文内容可知,作者拿出水是为了缓解那个女孩儿的恶心或呕吐,故选C项。答案:Cover through up around提示:根据语境可知,打了几个电话后,她们终于打通了那位官员的电话。getthrough表示“(用电话)联系上”。故选B项。答案:B 提示:作者帮助了她们,她们感激地看着作者并且感谢作者很多次。故选D项。答案:D 提示:根据语境可知,为了感谢作者,那位女士想要为作者付车票钱,故选C项。答案:C 提示:根据空格前后的内容,此处表示原因。故选A项。答案:A 提示:作者慷慨的行为让她们非常感动,故选B项。答案:B 提示:那对母女考虑得很周到,记下了作者的电话号码来感谢作者,故选C项。答案:C 提示:受到感谢后作者很吃惊,因为作者认为那只是一种简单的帮助,故选B项。答案:B 提示:作者从来没想过自己简单的帮助却在她心中产生了如此大的影响,故选A项。weigh“有影响;有分量”。答案:A 提示:根据下文意思可知,此处表示我们曾经失去过很多表达善意的机会,故选C项。答案:C 提示:根据上下文的意思可知,我们通常塞上耳机,与我们周围的现实相脱离,从而失去了对别人表达善意的机会,故选D项。答案:D 提示:此处表示一些很容易做到的事情却对别人有很重要的意义。故选C项。makeadifference“有影响,有作用”。答案:C第二节(共10小题;每小题分,满分15分)导学号53100019阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2023四川绵阳第二次诊断)Manyteachersbelievethathands-onexperienceisthe38.(good)waytogroupofstudentsintheUnitedStatesareputtingthatbelieftothe39.(success)designedandbuiltarobotfordiscoveringunexploredmines40.thebottomofthemadetherobot41.(answer)achallengefromtheofDefense.

Thestudentsrecentlytestedtheunderwatervehicle42.(call)PerseusⅡina95-meter-longtankofwaterattheStevensInstituteofTechnology.

Therobotcostsabout$15,000tostudentsuseavideogamecontroltodirect43.(it)movementsinthe’smore,devicesknownasJapters44.(able)therobottogoup,downandtowarditstargetinthecamerasontherobotsendimagesbacktoacomputerthrougha13-meter-longⅡalsohas45.setoflasers(激光),whichareusedtomeasurethesizeofanobject.

Therobotisthecreationoffiveundergraduateoversixmonths,theyworkedup46.20hoursaweektodesignandbuildPerseusⅡ.

DeLormesupervisedtheprojectfrom47.(begin)tosaysthespecializedrequirementsofrobotsweredemanding.

38.提示:考查形容词最高级。此处表示“亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法”,故用最高级best。答案:best39.提示:考查副词。副词修饰动词designed和built作状语,故用successfully。答案:successfully40.提示:考查介词。atthebottomof表示“在……的底部”,故用at。答案:at41.提示:考查动词不定式。在这里toanswer是动词不定式作目的状语,表示“制造这个机器人是为了回应美国国防部的一项挑战”。答案:toanswer42.提示:考查过去分词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语,表示“被叫做”,故用called。答案:called43.提示:考查代词。由后面的movements可知,应用形容词性物主代词作定语。指“机器人的”,用its。答案:its44.提示:考查动词和时态。分析句子结构可知,主语是devices,谓语是设空处,故应用动词enable,表示“使能够”。且此处是一般性的描述,故应用一般现在时。答案:enable45.提示:考查冠词。asetof表示“一套”,故用a。答案:a46.提示:考查固定短语。upto表示“达到”,故用介词to。答案:to47.提示:考查固定短语。frombeginningtoend表示“从头到尾”。答案:beginningⅢ.写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)导学号53100020假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2023辽宁沈阳第一次质