牛津译林模块五M5U1grammar(1)toinfinitive动词不定式

Thefive-metredeepdivingpool-whichwasanormalbluecolourduringthemen'seventlastnight-appearedtoslowlyturngreenerasthecompetitionwenton.Left,howthewaterappearedonTuesdaymorning,andright,howitlookedonTuesdayafternoon.Rioofficialshavesofarbeenunabletoprovideanexplanation.

Itwasalmostimpossibletofindthediversastheyswambacktothesurfaceofthemurky

[ˈmɜ:ki](混浊的)waterafterdivingin.ThepoolwaterlookedmorelikeithadbeenimportedfromtheAmazon.algae英[ˈældʒi:]藻类BrazilianflagUrine[ˈjʊərɪn]OtherTheyhavedonenothingtofixtheissue.ItwasalmostimpossibletofindthediversRioofficialshavebeenunabletoprovideanexplanation.Thedivingpoolappearedtoslowlyturngreener.GrammarandusageTo-infinitive(动词不定式)P8动词不定式会出现在句中的哪些位置，即能在句中做什么成分？thesubjectTofindabestfriend

isdifficult.=Itisdifficulttofindabestfriend.theobjectIneedtosleepforeighthourseverynight.主语宾语theobjectcomplement(1)Iaskedhimtocomeover.(2)HeadvisedmetoreadEnglishasoftenaspossible.宾补Toerrishuman,toforgiveisdivine[dɪˈvaɪn].(Allpeoplecommitsinsandmakemistakes.Godforgivesthem,andpeopleareactinginagodlike(divine)waywhentheyforgive.

)犯错者为人，谅错者为神。theattributive(1)Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.(2)Ihavealotofworktodo.thepredicativeHisaimistocheermeup.定语表语theadverbialWeneedtoapologizequicklytoavoidlosingagoodfriend.状语主语宾语宾补定语表语状语不定式可作主语不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。Sometimesitisnecessarytogiveupsomethingyouwant.Ittakestimeandenergytobuildgoodrelationshipwithothers.主语不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。Sometimes,togiveupsomethingyouwantforfriendshipisnecessary.Sometimes,itisnecessarytogiveupsomethingyouwantforfriendship.学好英语要花(take)时间和精力(energy)。TolearnEnglishwelltakestimeandenergy.【译一译】IttakestimeandenergytolearnEnglishwell.宾语宾语是否由不定式充当要看动词的搭配.假装开心承诺不告诉任何其他人pretendtobecheerfulpromisenottotellanyoneelseTheautumnseems______(be)hotterthanthesummer.Thedivingpoolappearedtoslowlyturngreener.tobe(2011山东)Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_______difficulttotellonefromtheother.

it宾补乞求她不要告诉任何其他人beghernottotellanyoneelse宾补是否由不定式充当要看动词的搭配.Iwatchedhim_________(disappear)inthedistance.改成被动语态:Hewaswatched___________inthedistance.disappear宾补(Bareinfinitive)todisappear“五看三使两听一感觉”定语Ihaveaveryimportantmeeting

toattend.Ihavenothing

tosay.Wouldyoulikesomething

todrink?

不定代词,thefirst,thelast,theonly后用不定式作定语。动宾关系动宾关系动宾关系Thevideo,GangnamStyle,isbecomingthefirstvideo______(get)morethanonebillionviews.toget【改错】Ihavenothingtoworry.about状语(1)Hecameheretoattendanimportantmeeting.(2)Iwasshockedtofindapieceofpaperonmydesk.(3)Herushedtotheairport,onlytofindhisfriendhadleft.（目的状语）（原因状语）(结果状语)目的状语-inordertodo...;soastodo...“为了不去做”inordernottodo...;soasnottodo...1.Itistoogood______(be)true.2.Heisold

enough_______(make)hisowndecision.3.I’mnotsuchafool___________(believe)that.I’mnotso_______astobelievethat.

tobeastobelievetomake(结果状语)foolish不定式省略现象有两个以上的不定式并列在一起时,

第二个不定式的to可以省略e.g.Lilypromisedtofinishherhomeworkand

handitontime.DoyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchTV.Idecidedtoridethere

ratherthanwalk.在固定词组和句型中省略to常见的固定搭配有:1.hadbetterdo/hadbetternotdo2.whynotdosth?3.havenothingtodobutdo...4.wouldratherdo...不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式①不定式的进行式：tobe+V-ing,表示谓语动词动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。Tompretended

____________(do)hishomeworkwhenhismothercamein.②不定式完成式：tohave+V-ed，用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前.Whenhismotheraskedhim,hepretended_____________(finish)hishomework③不定式的被动式分为一般式被动tobeV-ed和完成式被动tohavebeenV-edHerefused___________(invite)tohisfriend’sparty.tobedoing

tohavefinishedtobe