河北工程大学英语协会之新视野四第六单元

OBJECTIVESforUnit6Toknowthephenomenonofbriberyandthethreattopolicemen;Todeliveropiniononthetopicofbribery;Totalkaboutthethreattoyourlife;Tolearnthewritingtechnique—listing+examples;河北工程大学英语协会欢迎您BriberyandBusinessEthics

Unit6SectionATextStudyWritingFunTimeLead-inLead-inInteractiveModeIInteractiveModeIIInteractiveModeIII123Lead-in

Ourtopictodayis“Bribery”.Likeitornot,almosteverydaywitnessesreportsaboutgovernmentofficialsaccusedoftakingbribes.Ineffect,briberyhasbecomeaninternationaldisease.Astheworldtradegrows,sodoesbribery.Todaylet’stakeacloser

lookintotheissue:BackQ1:Inwhatformsdoesbriberycome?BackTipsTips1)Money;2)Goods;3)Services;4)Securitiesorstockshares;5)Extradiscounts;6)Nepotism;7)…InteractiveModeIQ2:What'sthenegativeeffectofcommercialbribery?TipsTips1)Underminingthebasicprinciplesof

marketeconomyandmarketorder;2)Hinderingfaircompetition/affectingtheinvestmentenvironment;3)Damagingthelegitimaterightsandinterests/leadingtoalotofunexpectedpubliceventsandothersocialproblems;4)…InteractiveModeIIBackQ3:Whatcanwedotorestoreethicsinbusiness?TipsTips

Primaryfocusshouldbeonseparationofbusinessfrompolitics;2)Uproottheregionalprotectionism;3)Cultivateastrongsenseoffairnessandhonesty;4)…InteractiveModeIIIBack

Understanding

Summary

StructureAnalysis

FocusStudyTextStudy

ReproductionBack

Thepassagefocusesonasocialphenomenoninbusiness—bribery.Toconveyhisideasclearlytothereader,thepatternofwritingthewriteradoptsforthistopicisasfollows:StructureAnalysis&UnderstandingTextStudy—StructureAnalysisNowlet’smakeadetailedanalysisofthetextthroughdynamicinteraction:

BackProblem

AnalysisSolutionBriberyandBusinessEthics

TextStudy—StructureAnalysisStructureAnalysisTextStudy—StructureAnalysisTextPartI(Paras.1~4)ProblemPartII(Paras.5~8)AnalysisPartIII(Paras.9~11)SolutionBackBackInteractiveAnalysisofTextInteractiveAnalysisofTextUnderstandingIntheseverecompetitivesociety,businessmenwanttoachievetheirgoalsbyusingvariouskindsofmeans.Facinghugeprofits,somefinditdifficulttokeepbalancebetweenmoralstandardandbusinessinterest.Herecomesaproblem:briberyorbusinessethics?TextStudy—Understandingviewpoint:PartI.Bribery—acommonoccurrenceinmanycountries(Paras.1~4)TextStudy—Understandingexample1:example2:conclusion:bribery,ontheincrease,awayoflifenegotiationwithgovernmentofficial

Britishcarmanufacturerbribery,afactofcommerciallifeTextStudy—UnderstandingInthispart,awritingtechniqueisemployedhere:PartII.Threecategoriesofbribery(Paras.5~8)Listing+ExamplesPartII

Category1Category2Category3Example1Example2Example3TextStudy—UnderstandingThe1stcategory:for_______________,to___________________.politicalpurposessecuremajorcontractsOneUScorporationofferedalargesumofmoneyinsupportofaUSpresidentialcandidate…Example:TextStudy—UnderstandingThe2ndcategory:to_________________________,to______________________________________.obtainquickerofficialapprovalspeedupthewheelasalesmanagerwhohadbeentryingforsomemonthstosellroadmachinerytotheMinisterofWorks…Example:ofgovernmentTextStudy—UnderstandingThe3rdcategory:topaypeopletohelpwiththe_______ofabusinessdeal.passageSomeMiddleEastcountrieswouldbeincludedonthislist,aswellascertainAsiancountries.Example:TextStudy—Understanding1.Whoismakingeffortstoprohibitbribery?2.Howtoprohibitbribery?3.Whatistheprospect?PartIII.Effortstoprohibitbriberyanditsprospect(Paras.9~11)ICC.Setupacodeofconductthatwouldbangivingandseekingofbribes.OpinionsdifferamongmembersoftheICC.Itisdifficulttosquarebusinessinterestswithmoralconscience.

II.FocusStudyNotestotheText—FocusStudy

WordsandPhrases

II.DifficultSentences

WordsandPhrases1.ethics

n.

(pl.)moralrulesorprinciples道德

(sing.)sciencethatdealswithmoral伦理学

Medicalethics__(don’t/doesn't)permitthe

doctortodothat.

FillintheblanksWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Ethics__(are/is)abranchofphilosophy.ethics

virtueWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

moral2.

ontheincrease

increasinge.g.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Crimeisonthe

increase.Translation据统计，中国上半年的GDP持增长势头。KeyItisestimatedthatChina’sGDPisontheincreaseinthefirsthalfyear.Ontheincrease从生态平衡角度看，人类的智慧并未随着财富的积累而增长。

Intermsofecologicalbalance,man’swisdomhasnotbeenontheincreasealongwiththebuildupofwealth.

多亏彼此的思想沟通，他们的关系正得到改善。

Thankstotheirmutualexchangesofideas,theirrelationshipisonthemend.

onthedeclineonthewaneonthemend

在下降；在衰退中:在削弱；正在衰落:

在痊愈中；在改善中:

3.standby

1)toremainloyalto,esp.inadifficultsituation;2)toremainfaithfultoapromise,agreement;3)toremaininactivewhenactionisneeded.

Hisparentsstoodbyhimduringhisyearsinprison.

IstandbywhatIsaidearlier.Howcanyoustandbyanddonothingwhensheneedshelp?e.g.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

tostandbyone’sprinciples坚持原则:

在充满诱惑的时代，坚持行为准则比贪财图利更难能可贵。Inatimefulloftemptation,itismoredifficultofattainmenttostandbyone’sprinciplesofconductthantosellouttoconvenience.这份报告控告政府的失职。Thereportaccusedthegovernmentofshirkingitsresponsibilities.4.accusesb.ofsth.

tochargesb.withdoingwrongorbreakingthelawWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationKeye.g.Hewasaccusedofmurder.chargesbwithsthcriticizesbfordoingsthWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Moreblamesthonsbblamesbfordoingsth5.inprivate私下里，秘密地:他最不愿意和口是心非的人打交道。Heismostreluctanttohavedealingswiththosewhocomplyinpublicbutundermineinprivate.

他养成了事无巨细,事必躬亲的习惯。

Hehasdevelopedthehabitofattendingtoeverything,bigorsmall,inperson.

•inpublic•inperson•inreality

当众；公开地:

亲自；亲身:

实际上:6.to

throw

out抛弃；拒绝接受人要脱胎换骨，首先要抛弃的是思维定式Foronetoundergoacompletechange,thefirstthingtothrowoutisone’sfixedpatternofthinking.

他将痛苦埋藏心中，全身心地投入到工作中。

Havingburiedthepaininhisheart,hethrewhimselfintohisworkheartandsoul.

tothrowoneselfinto•tothrowofftothrowover

投入:

摆脱:放弃，背弃:

7.hitupon

tothinkofanideaunexpectedly我们终于找到了解决方法。Wefinallyhituponasolution.TranslationKeyWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

e.g.Shehitupontheperfecttitleforhernewnovel.Hit

on/upon通常情况下，科学家们许多偶然的发现，实际上是其多年努力的必然结果。Generallyspeaking,manydiscoveriesscientistshituponare,ineffect,anaturalresultoftheirmanyyearsofefforts.

她年轻时就爱扮演老太太的角色，而且模仿得惟妙惟肖。

Whenshewasyoung,shewasfondofplayingtheroleofoldladies,andhitthemofftoperfection.

tohitback•

tohitoff•tohitup

回击，反击:

模仿得很像:请求:8.amountto

tobeequalinquantityorinmeaningWhatdoeshisreplymean?Hisreplyamountstoarefusal/approval…TipsUseitWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

e.g.Ourdebtsamounttoover$1000.to

amount

to等于；相当于:如果你总是这样浑浑噩噩地生活，你一生都不会取得什么成就。Ifyoualwaysliveinastateofignorance,youwillneveramounttoanythingallyourlife.9.behaveoneself

toactinawaythatpeoplethinkiscorrectorproperHeisnow20,it’stimethathestartedbehavinghimself.

我希望孩子们规矩点。

他现在二十岁了，该是规矩行事的时候了。

Ihopethechildrenbehavethemselves.TranslationWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Key10.square…with

tomaketwoideas,factsagreewitheachother;toagreeortobeconsistentwithanotheridea,factHisstatementdoesn’tsquarewiththefacts.

e.g.KeyWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationTheyhavetriedtopersuademetojointhem,butIcan’tsquareitwithmyconscience.他们极力劝说我和他们一起干，但是我没办法违背自己的良心。Square…withTheofficial,thoughathomewiththeartofflattering,isstillafraidoffailuretosquarehisconductwiththeintentionofhissuperior.这个官员虽精通奉承之道，但仍担心不能使自己的行为符合领导的意图。我不在意你找我商量解决什么事,而在意你要达到什么目的。

Idon’tcareaboutwhatyouhavetosquareupwithme,butaboutwhatintentionyouliketoaccomplish.

tosquareaway•tosquareoff•tosquareup

做好准备；整顿就绪安抚；抚慰：解决；办理

II.DifficultSentences1.Studentstakingbusinesscoursesaresometimesalittlesurprisedtofindthat…(para.)

Practice

Sentencepattern:Sb.bealittle(much/very)surprised(distressed/delighted/disappointed/excited/depressed)tofind/know/learnthat…某人对······略（甚）感惊讶/忧虑/高兴/扫兴/兴奋/沮丧。我们高兴地注意到，在世界经济不景气的背景下，欧盟企业越来越看好中国的市场。Wearedelightedtolearnthat,againstthebackgroundofglobaleconomicrecession,EUenterprisesaregivingmoreconfidencetotheChinesemarket.

2.Suppose

thatduringanegotiationwithsomegovernmentofficials,theMinisterofTrade...

Practice

1.suppose(that)…=whatwould/willhappenif…2.Sentencepattern:Sb.makeitcleartoonethatifonedoessth.,onewillfinditmucheasiertodosth.else.某人向人明确表示，如果能做某事，那么做成另一事就会容易得多。

假如你发现了你自己的同事受贿，你会不会无动于衷呢？

假如你吸烟吸得很厉害并想戒掉这个习惯，你从哪里可以得到帮助呢？

Supposeyoufoundoutthatyourcolleaguetakesbribes,wouldyoujustignoreit?

Supposeyouareaveryheavysmokerandare

anxioustobreakthehabit,wherecouldyougethelp?TranslationKey她向下属明确表示：如果能深谙职业规则，那么升职就容易得多。Shemadeitcleartohersubordinatesthatiftheymasteredtherulesincareer,theywouldfinditmucheasiertogetpromoted.

3.Itiseasytotalkabouthavinghighmoralstandardsbut,inpractice,whatwouldonereallydoinsuchasituation?

itis+adj.+todo/thatclausePractice

Can

youfindoutmoreexamplesinthetext?

Itisdifficulttoresisttheimpressionthat…

Isitpossibletodeviseacodeofrules…

了解不同的文化和生活方式是很有趣的。

她拒绝和你说话真是令人吃惊。

Itisinterestingtoseedifferentculturesandwaysoflife.

Itisreallyastonishingthatsherefusestotalktoyou.TranslationKeyExample:在崇尚金钱的时代，很容易产生这样的感受：有钱走遍天下,无钱寸步难行。Inatimeofmoneyworship,itisdifficulttoresisttheimpressionthat,withmoney,onecouldgetanywherehewantsto,while,withoutmoney,onewouldfinditdifficulttomoveevenastep.Sentencepattern:Itisdifficult(forone)toresisttheimpression/notion/feeling/idea/opinion/conclusionthat…很容易产生（得出）这样的印象／概念／感受／看法／结论：······4.Itisdifficulttoresisttheimpressionthat..(para.4)

IntheaftermathofSanLumilkpowderincident,itwasdifficultforcitizenstoresisttheimpressionthatthequalityofChinesefoodisaconstantworrytopeople.

三鹿奶粉事件后，人们很容易产生这样的印象：中国食品的质量总不让人放心。对于任何想尽快适应新环境的人，首要任务是尽可能多地了解它。Foranyonewhowantstospeedupthewheelsofhisadaptabilitytoanewenvironment,themostimportanttaskistoknowasmuchaboutitaspossible.

tospeedupthewheels/progressof…

(使······）加快速度:5.…tospeedupthewheelsofgovernment.(para.7)

Example:有个故事是说明伟大母爱的典型例子：搜救人员发现一位母亲在汶川地震中已经死亡，但仍然用双臂支撑着身体，从而使她身下4个月大的孩子安然无恙。AtypicalexampleofthegreatmaternalloveisprovidedbythestoryofamotherintheWenchuanearthquakewho,whenrescuersfoundher,wasdeadbutstillproppedherselfupwithbothherarmssoastokeepherfour-month-oldchildsafeandsoundunderher.Sentencepatterns:Aninteresting/striking/typicalexampleof…isprovidedbythestoryofsb.who…有个故事是说明······有趣／突出／典型的例子：某人······6.Aninterestingexampleofthiskindofpaymentisprovidedby…(para.7)

有个故事是说明勤奋刻苦的典型例子：我们的先人为了学习时不打瞌睡而头悬梁、锥刺骨。Atypicalexampleofdiligenceisprovidedbythestoryofourforefatherswhotiedtheirhaironthehousebeamandprickedtheirthighswithawlstokeepthemselvesawakeinstudy.7Thesalesmanager,whowasquick-witted,replied,“mycompany…”.(para.7)

quick-witted=adj.+n.–ed是复合形容词Practice

Moreexamples:cold-blooded;hot-tempered;open-minded;red-eyed...

他是个热心人，总是给朋友提供帮助。

他证明自己是一位机智聪明的谈判者。Heisawarm-heartedpersonandalwaysoffershelptohisfriends.

Heprovedhimselfaquick-wittednegotiator.TranslationKeyBackSummaryI:EnglishEquivalentsofChinese1.Realintegrityisdoingtherightthing,knowingthatnobody’sgoingtoknowwhetheryoudiditornot.2.Betterkeepyourselfcleanandbright.Youarethewindowthroughwhichyoumustseetheworld.3.It’smoreimportanttodotherightthingthantodothingsright.Thefollowingarethesayingsaboutintegrity.

TranslatethemintoChinese.SummaryII:Translation(EnglishtoChinese)4.Ifyouhaveintegrity,nothingelsematters.5.Thereisnopillowsosoftasaclearconscience.6.Subtletymaydeceiveyou;integrityneverwill.

7.Thepowerofman’svirtueshouldnotbemeasuredbyhisspecialefforts,butbyhisordinarydoings.

8.Honestyisthecornerstoneofallsuccess,withoutwhichconfidenceandabilitytoperformshallceasetoexist.9.Apromisemustneverbebroken.10.Ihadratherdoandnotpromisethanpromiseandnotdo.PutthesentencesbelowintoEnglish,

withwordsandexpressionsofthisunit.SummaryIII:Checkyourself1.Itreallygotmydanderupwhen_____________________________(她开始指责我不诚实).2.Wetried_________,_______and_______(说服、行贿和威胁),buttheguardstillwouldn’tletuspass.

3.__________(事实上),womenreceivemuchlowerwagesthantheirmalecolleagues.

Inpracticeaccusingmeofdishonestyshebeganpersuationthreatsbribery4.Don’tyouunderstand?Hiswords_________(相当于)thathewantssomecash.amountto5.____________________(彼得听话吗)whileIwasaway?

DidPeterbehavehimself6.You’renota3-year-oldchild._________________________________________(你应该言行一致).yourpracticewithyourprinciplesYoushouldsquare7.Cleaningupthehousewasnotaneasyjob.__________________________(它几乎花了

整个周末的时间).Italmosttookupalltheweekend8.__________________________(总会出一些问题)duringthereformprocess,andadjustmentswillbemadetosolvethem.

Problemswillalwayscropup9.______________________(他得到一些安慰)fromthefactthathewasn’ttheonlyonetofailtheexam.Hederivedsomecomfort10.Willyourteachermanageto_________

____________(使你们达标)beforeyoutaketheexamination?bringyouuptoscratchFunTimeFunTimeAsong—BetterManPeople’snaturemaybedistortedbeforehugeprofit.So,learntobeabetterman!

FunTimeSendsomeonetoloveme

Ineedtorestinarms

Keepmesafefromharm

Inpouringrain

Givemeendlesssummer

LordIfearthecold

FeelI'mgettingold

BeforemytimeAsmysoulhealstheshame

Iwillgrowthroughthispain

LordI'mdoingallIcan

Tobeabetterman

BetterMan

—byRobbieWilliamsFunTime

Goeasyonmyconscience

'Causeit'snotmyfault

IknowI'vebeentaught

Totaketheblame

Restassuredmyangels

Willcatchmytears

Walkmeoutofhere

I'minpain

Asmysoulhealstheshame

Iwillgrowthroughthispain

LordI'mdoingallIcan

Tobeabetterman

Oneofthewritingtechniquesemployedinthetextislisting.Havealookatparagraphs5to8.Youwillfindthatthefourparagraphsareskillfullyorganizedbythetechniqueo