2019-2020同步译林英语选修十新突破讲义Unit4SectionⅢWordpowe

2019-2020同步译林英语选修十新打破讲义：Unit+4+Section+ⅢWord+power+&+Grammar+and+usage和答案SectionⅢWordpower&Grammarandusage1．(教材P54)Adetectivemayalsobeneededtosearchforthepersonresponsibleforthecrime.有可能需要一位侦探来找寻此次罪状的责任人。searchvt.&vi.找寻；在中找寻(＋for)，细看；认真检查Policesearchedeveryonepresentatthesceneofcrime.警察找寻了在犯法现场的每个人。Hesearchedeveryroominthehouse.他找寻了这房屋的每一个房间。Hesearchedforworkatthevariousstores.他在各家商铺找寻工作。searchsb.搜某人的身searchsomewhere找寻某地方；在中找寻searchfor找寻(指找寻某个特定的目标，相当于lookfor)search...for找寻某人或某场因此找寻某物insearchof找寻(是介词短语，常作目的状语)makeasearchfor找寻；追求；追求Theymadealongsearchforthelostchild.他们花了很长时间去找失散的孩子。达成句子①他去丛林为他患病的老婆找草药。Hewenttotheforestmedicinalherbsforhissickwife.②他们找寻了一天这个扔掉的孩子。Forawholedaytheythelostchild.③我没拿你的书，但我愿意帮你找。Iwillyourbook,thoughIdon'tthinkIhavetakenit.-1-/92019-2020同步译林英语选修十新打破讲义：Unit+4+Section+ⅢWord+power+&+Grammar+and+usage和答案【答案】①insearchof②searchedfor③makeasearchforresponsibleadj.需负责任的；肩负责任的(＋for/to)；作为原由的(＋for)；认真负责的；可信任的；责任重要的；重要的Weshouldgivethejobtoaresponsibleperson.我们应将该工作委托给一个有责任心的人。Mr.Marchheldaresponsibleposition.马奇先生担当过要职。(1)beresponsibleforsth.对某事负责beresponsiblefordoingsth.负责做某事beresponsibletosb.对某人负责(2)responsibilityn.负责；责任；义务；职责haveresponsibilityfor负责takeresponsibilityfor对负责assume/acceptresponsibilityfor肩负的责任senseofresponsibility责任感Badweatherisresponsibleforthepoorcrop.坏天气是收成不好的原由。达成句子我决不对发生的事情负责。④Innowaywhathashappened.【答案】amIresponsiblefor2．(教材P54)Theymayinterviewpeopleaswelltofindoutifanyonesawsomethingsuspiciousorwasawitnesstothecrime.他们也有可能会见一些人，来发现能否有人看见值得思疑的东西或许是此次罪状的目睹证人。(1)【重点提炼】ifanyonesawsomethingsuspiciousorwasawitnesstothecrime作findout的宾语if和whether指引动词的宾语从句时，二者能够交换。但指引主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，介词的宾语从句以及discuss所带的宾语从句时只好用whether。Whethershewillattendthemeetingisstillunderconsideration.她能否参加会议仍在考虑中。(主语从句)-2-/92019-2020同步译林英语选修十新打破讲义：Unit+4+Section+ⅢWord+power+&+Grammar+and+usage和答案Theproblemwhetherhewillbegiventhejobhasnotbeendecided他.能否能获得这份工作的问题还没决定呢。(同位语从句)Heaskedmeif(whether)Iwouldattendthemeeting他.问我能否参加会议。(宾语从句)Thequestioniswhetherhewillcome.问题是他能否会来。(表语从句)WediscussedwhetherMarycouldjoinus.我们议论了玛丽能否能够加入到我们中间来。(discussed后的宾语从句)Itdependsonwhethersheiscomingornot.那要看她能否要来。(介词宾语从句)[名师点津]①宾语从句假如否认句，不宜用whether，要用if。与ornot紧贴着连用时，要用whether。Doyouknowwhetherornothewillcome？Doyouknowwhetherhewillcomeornot？Doyouknowifhewillcomeornot？你能否知道他将要来？②用于不定式从前的“能否”和指引退步状语从句要用whether。Idon'tknowwhethertogothere.我不知道能否去那里。Whetheryoulikeitornot，youmustgowithus.不论你愿不肯意，你一定与我们一同去。③假如在有些语境状况下，if指引从句会造成歧义，那么就要用whether。Pleaseletmeknowifheiscoming.假如他要来请告诉我。Pleaseletmeknowwhetherheiscoming.请告诉我他能否要来。翻译句子①能否给她这份工作仍在议论中。-3-/92019-2020同步译林英语选修十新打破讲义：Unit+4+Section+ⅢWord+power+&+Grammar+and+usage和答案②我思疑我们能否能博得这场竞赛。【答案】①Whethershewillbegiventhisjobisstillunderdiscussion.②Idoubtif/whetherwewillwinthematch.witnessn．目睹者；目睹人v.目睹；作的证人；为作证；是的发生地址(时间)Iwasawitnesstotheargument.我是那场争辩的目睹人。Shewaspunishedforgivingfalsewitness.她因作伪证遇各处分。witnessanaccident/aquarrel目睹，目睹一事故/一场争执witnesstosth./doingsth.(在法庭等上)为作证bear/givewitness(tosth.)为作证，证明be(a)witnesstosth.目睹(某事发生)，证明真切Iwitnessedthetrafficaccident.我目睹了那次交通事故。Theyear1849witnessedagreatwarinHungary.一八四九年匈牙利发生了一场大战。Thesefactsarewitnesstohiscarelessness.这些事实证了然他的马虎。达成句子③Thedriver(作证说看见了)themanenterthebuilding.④I(为作证)hisinnocence.【答案】③witnessedtohavingseen④borewitnessto3．chargen．负责；管理；收费；指控；罪名v.收(费)；索(价)；指控；指控；使充满(教材P54)Ifthepolicehaveenoughevidencetoprovethatthepersonisguilty，thepersonwillbechargedwiththecrime，andthenmustgotocourtforatrial.假如警察有足够的凭证来证明此人就是犯人，他们就会指控此人有罪，而且这个嫌疑犯一定去法庭接受审讯。-4-/92019-2020同步译林英语选修十新打破讲义：Unit+4+Section+ⅢWord+power+&+Grammar+and+usage和答案Whatisthechargeforadayatthehotel?酒店费一天要多少？Howmuchdoyouchargeforthis?这个你要多少钱？Hewaschargedwithstealing.他被指控偷窃。(1)chargesb.forsth.收费；要价chargesb.withsth./doingsth.指控；起诉；训斥(2)freeofcharge免费inchargeof主管；负责inthechargeof由负责/掌管takechargeof主管，负责Theychargedme$5foracupofcoffee.他们一杯咖啡向我要(价)5美元。Soonhewilltakechargeofthedepartment.他很快会来主管这个部门。[明辨异同]inchargeof/inthechargeofinchargeof表示“负责，管理”表示“由负责/管理”。inthechargeofinthechargeofsb＝.in(under)sb.'scharge由某人管理、照看Mr.Smithisinchargeofourclass./OurclassisinthechargeofMr.Smith.我们班由史密斯先生负责。达成句子①这个婴儿由玛丽照看。Thebabyis．②当老板不在时由汤姆负责企业业务。Thecompanyiswhenthebossisaway.③他被指控犯有谋杀罪。Hemurder.④父亲逝世后他掌管了农场。-5-/92019-2020同步译林英语选修十新打破讲义：Unit+4+Section+ⅢWord+power+&+Grammar+and+usage和答案Hethefarmafterhisfather'sdeath.【答案】①in/underMary'scharge②inthechargeofTom/inTom'scharge③waschargedwith④takeschargeof4．(教材P57)Visitorsarepolitelyrequestedtokeeptheirvoicesdownatalltimes．旅客们老是被客气地要求压低他们的声音。(1)requestvt.要求；恳求；恳求赏赐Irequestedhimtocomebeforeten.我要求他十点从前来。Theyrequestedaloanfromthebank.他们要求银行给他们一笔贷款。Herequestedthatshe(should)havedinnerwithhim.他邀请她一同吃饭。(1)requestsb.todo恳求某人做requeststh.of/fromsb.向某人要求某物requestthat从句[虚构语气(should)＋v.]恳求Itisrequestedthat...要求request后接同位语从句或表语从句，从句的谓词用虚构语气should＋v.，should可省略。(2)requestn.恳求；要求；恳求的事；需要；需求atone'srequest应某人的邀请makearequestfor/that从句要求Mr.PainemadearequestthatIshouldhelphim.佩恩先生要求我帮助他。Allmyrequestsweregranted.我所恳求的事情全都获得答应了。达成句子①They(要求)furtheraid.②Sherequestedhermother(把她母亲立刻送去医院)．【答案】①madearequestfor②shouldbesenttohospitalatonce-6-/92019-2020同步译林英语选修十新打破讲义：Unit+4+Section+ⅢWord+power+&+Grammar+and+usage和答案atalltimes不论何时；随时；素来Wemustbereadyatalltimestostartoff.我们一定随时都准备出发。attimes有时；时时atatime每次；一次atonetime从前；一度atthesametime同时atnotime决不atthis/thattime就在这个/那个时辰Hecanbereallybad-temperedattimes.他有时性情可真不好。Wehadtogoandseetheprincipaloneatatime.我们得逐个去见校长。达成句子③这个人曾被告上了法庭。Themanwastakentocourt．④昨天这个时候你在干什么？Whatwereyoudoingyesterday?【答案】③atonetime④atthistime英语的文体英语有好多不同样的文体，应使用何种英语文体取决于详细情境。最重要的区别是英语的口语形式与书面形式的不同样，而在这此中还有正式文体和非正式文体的差别。正式非正式散文给朋友或家人的信书面语报告电子邮件申请信件短信口语正式演说与熟习的人发言(家人和朋友)-7-/92019-2020同步译林英语选修十新打破讲义：Unit+4+Section+ⅢWord+power+&+Grammar+and+usage和答案对陌生人说话1．正式文体(1)我们经常发现复杂的句子构造，包含被动语态和从句。Ordinarycitizensareawareofthefrequentcomputer-relatedcrimesthathappensincemanycomputerusersareaffectedbycomputerviruses.一般市民心识到自从一些计算机用户被电脑病毒侵袭后与电脑有关的犯法就屡次地发生。在这个句子中含有一个定语从句，而且在定语从句中还含有一个时间状语从句。(2)我们也会发现好多的抽象名词。Therehasbeenanincreaseintheincidenceofcrime犯.罪率有所上涨。(3)我们经常使用正式英语词汇和表达形式。Iregrettoinformyouthatyouhaven'tbeenadmittedintotheuniversity.很遗憾地通知你：你没有被大学录取。2．非正式文体(1)我们经常使用简单句构造。Peopleareworriedaboutcom