2023年电大开放英语3历年英语完形填空、阅读理解、作文

Passagｅ４(202３年7月试题、2023年１月试题、形成性考核册）Thereａreａdvantagesanddisaｄvaｎｔagｅsto

１

AｓiａｎanｄWestｅrｎeduｃatｉｏnalmethods．Fｏreｘａmple,oneadvantａgｅ

2

theeducationinJaｐanｉsthatｓtudentstheｒｅlｅarnmuchmorematｈａｎdｓｃieｎｃｅ

3

Ａmeriｃanstudｅnｔｓ.TｈeyalsｏstｕdｙmoｒehoｕｒseacｈｄａｙthanAmeriｃanｓ

４

.Ｔｈestｕdyisdifｆicult，bｕｔｉt

5

sｔudenｔｓforasocｉeｔyｔhａtvaｌｕesdiscｉplineandｓelf-contｒｏｌ.Theｒeiｓ,hoｗeｖer,ａdisaｄvantage.MemｏrｉｚatｉｏnisaｎｉｍpｏｒｔaｎtlearｎｉnｇmeｔhoｄiｎJapanesesｃhools,

6

maｎyｓtudｅnｔsｓaｙthatafteｒaｎeｘａｍ,tｈｅyfｏrgｅtｍucｈoｆｔheｉnformatｉontｈaｔtheyhavememoｒiｚeD．ThｅaｄvａnｔageｔotｈeeducatｉoninＮoｒｔｈＡmｅrｉca，

７

ｔheoｔhｅrhａnd，iｓtｈatstudeｎtslearntoｔｈinkbythemselｖes.Ｔｈeｓystｅmpｒｅｐaｒesｔｈemｆoraｓocietyｔhatvaｌueｓ

8

idｅas.Theｒeｉs，howｅvｅr,adisａdvantagｅ．Ｗｈｅｎstｕdｅnｔsgrａduatefromｈｉghｓchool，tｈeｙhaveｎ’tmemoriｚed

9

maｎybaｓicruｌesandfactsasstudenｔsinothｅrcountrieｓ

1０

.1.A.onｌｙ

Ｂ．ｂoth

C.all

２.Ａ.foｒ

B.as

Ｃ．to3.Ａ.to

B．ｆor

C.than

4.A.ｄo

B．hａvｅ

C.dｏeｓ

5.A.pｒoｖidｅs

Ｂ.getｓ

C.prｅｐares

6．A.aｎd

B.yeｔ

C．ｊust７.Ａ.at

B.oｎ

C.ｕndeｒ８．A.oｌｄ

B.poor

C.new

９．A．more

B.lesｓ

C．as１0.A．ｈａve

B.does

C.ｈaven’t

(答案:1.B

2.Ｃ

3.C

４．A

5.C6．Ｂ

7.B

8．C

9.C

10.A）Pａssaｇe5(２02３年1月试题)Asｔudyhaｓｓhownthatfiｔnessisｔhekey(1)_____lonｇliｆe，ｉrrespeｃtｉｖeofboｄyshape(2）_____eｖeｎsｍokinｇhaｂｉtｓ．Researcheｒsdiscoveredｔhatpeopｌeｗhoｅxerciselivelｏngerthａn（3)＿____＿,eveniftｈeyaｒeｏvｅrweightaｎdsmｏke.Thestｕｄyfouｎdthａt(4)___＿__fitofthｅ6,0００ｍiｄdle-aｇedmｅninthｅstｕｄyｗerefｉｖetiｍesmｏｒelikelytodｉewithiｎsixｙｅarsofthesｔarｔｏｆtheresｅarchｔhantheｆｉｔtest.Ｔhiswastｒuｅ(５）＿＿_____themenhadheartproblems,smokedorwｅｒeｏverweight.Ｓcｉeｎtistsｃoncluｄｅdthatｉｔwasbetter(6）___＿＿__andａctiveｔhaｎskinｎｙandｓeｄentarｙ.DｒKｅnｃooper，aｆitnesｓexpert，said,“Yoｕarebetteroffsmokingａpackｅtofciｇaｒettｅsａｄayanｄexerｃisinｇregｕｌａｒlythan（７)＿＿___＿_anon–ｓmokeｒandsedentaｒy.”Aｌｔｈｏughhｅadds,“Bｕtｄoｎ’tmiｓｕndｅrstaｎdｍｅ．Iamnotｅndorsing(8)＿＿＿__,Iamtｒyingtoteｌlyouhoｗdangｅｒousitｉstobesedentaｒy．”ＴhｅBｒitiｓｈGovernｍentｉsｐutｔingpｒｅssure（９)_____ｍanufactｕrｅrsｔoｒeｄuｃｅhｉghleｖeｌｓoｆｓｕgaｒinfoodａｎｄtorestrｉctthehard-selloｆjunｋfoodｔoｃhildreninorｄertｏimprovetｈenaｔion’sｈeａltｈ.BｕttｈenewstｕdyｓuggeｓtstｈeGｏvｅrnmenｔｓhｏuｌdencouraｇｅｍorepeｏpｌe(１0)__＿_＿.1．

A．ｆoｒ

Ｂ.of

C.to

2．

A.or

B.ａnd

C.bｕt

3.

Ａ.thesethaｔdｏnｏｔ

Ｂ．theseｗhodonot

C.ｔhosewｈodｏnｏt4.

A.ｔｈeｌｉtｔle

B.lｅsｓ

C.theleast5．

A.iｆornot

Ｂ.wｈetheｒornｏｔ

C.wheｎ6.

A.ｔｏbｅfat

B.beiｎｇfatto

C.doｉng7．

A.being

Ｂ.ｂｅ

C．tｏbe

8.

A.ｓｍoked

B．tｏsmoke

C.smokinｇ

9.

A.fｏr

B.on

C．to

１0.

A.eｘerｃｉsed

Ｂ．exｅrcｉsing

C.ｔoexerｃｉsｅ

（答案1.C

2.A

3.C

4．C

5.B6.Ａ

7．Ａ

8.C

９．B

1０．C)Ｐaｓsage6(202３年７月试题）Moｒeaｎdmorepeople(1)＿___ｔｏinstａllbｕｒｇlaｒalarmsintｈｅirhousesｉｆtｈeywanttogｅｔｉnsｕｒanｃe.Insurａncｅcoｍｐanｉes(2)__＿_ｐeopleｉncｅrtａｉｎareａstoiｎstaｌｌthealarｍsbefｏretheyｗilｌgｉvｅthｅmiｎsｕranceforｔhefａstyear．Thｉsis(3)____toｉncreasinｇcriｍｅinsomepartsoｆthｅｃouｎtｒy.Thiｓｃａnbｅｂｌemfoｒpｅople（4)____arestrugｇliｎgtｏmaｋe(５)＿＿＿_endsmeet．Ｔｈealarmｓ,（6)＿___canbｅｖｅryexｐensive,needtobeinstａlledｂyａnｅｌectｒｉcian.Itｉｓ（7)_____that20%ofhomesｈavｅalarmｓinsｔallｅd,anｄthatａnｏther20%ofｐeｏpleplan(8)_＿＿＿_buthａvenｏtinｓtallｅｄthem（９)_____.Ｔｈeiｎsuｒaｎｃｅｃｏmｐanｉestoｌdpｅｏple(10)＿_＿__tｈeａｌａrｍｓonalldｏｏｒsaｎdwｉndｏｗs．１．

A.ｈas

B.had

C.haｖe2.

A．ｈaｖebｅenasked

Ｂ.havｅbｅenaskiｎg

Ｃ．askeｄ3.

A.ｄuｅ

Ｂ.bｅcａuｓeof

Ｃ.because

4.

A.wｈich

B.who

C.whａｔ

5.

A.ｔｈｅ

B.aｌｌ

C.–(不填)

6.

A.ｗｈicｈ

B．ｗｈo

C.ｔhat7.

A．estimaｔe

B.ｅstｉmaｔing

C.ｅstimaｔeｄ８.

A.tohａｖethｅmｉnstaｌｌinｇ

B.ｔｏhavｅtheｍinstａlled

Ｃ．tｏhａvebeeｎiｎｓtａllinｇthem

9.

A.still

B.alreaｄy

Ｃ.yｅt

10．

A.toｉnｓtall

B.insｔａlled

C.installinｇ

（答案:1.Ｃ

2．B

３.Ａ

4.Ｂ

5.C6.A

7.C

８.B

9.Ｃ

1０.A)Pａssage7（２０23年1月试题)ＴrafficｉnＩｎdiameansamiｘｔurｅoｆallkinｄｓofvehｉcleｓontｈｅｒｏaＤ．Aｂoｕt700，00０ｎeｗcａrs(１）

inInｄiａiｎthｅlａｓttwelvemonthｓ,andabｏｕttwiｃetｈatmanyｕｓedcaｒsｈavebeｅntradeD．Thｅcｏｕntｒy'ｓ35mｉllｉｏｎｍotoｒcｙcｌeｓaｎｄscｏotersmａkeitｔｈeworｌd＇ｓlaｒgesttwｏ-ｗheeｌｍarkｅt.

Butbeｃａusetheｒeareｓtｉｌlbigdifferences（２)＿＿＿＿_＿_______peoｐle'ｓｉncomｅs,tｈeroadｓａrefuｌｌoｆawholevaｒiｅtyof(3)

,lotsofthｅmnotmoｔｏｒiｚeD.Aride(4)

atａxiｄriｖerｉnNewDeｌhｉgｉveｓafｌavｏrofａｔypicalＩndian-styｌetrafficwiｔhaｌlｋｉｎdsofｖehｉclｅhｅldupincitystreetsｏｒinlｏｎgｌines(5)_＿_＿_＿__＿__

ｎａrrowcｏuntryｌａｎes.Cars,lｏrｒiesａndbusesbaｃｋｕpbehｉndaｃart(6）

bｙｏneaniｍaｌoｒanｏtheｒ."Ｉndiahasevｅrythｉｎｇontｈeroads,＂ｔheｔaxidriｖersays."Ｙｏuｈａvｅto(7)

forpedｅsｔriaｎｓ，bicycｌeｓ，cａrts,cows,ｄｏnkｅysａnｄevenelephants.Thｒeeｔhｉngs(８)

todｒiveheｒe,ａｈorｎ,brａkｅｓanｄgoodluck."Justｔhenwｅweresｔopｐｅｄ(9)

ayoungｂoyandｈiｓｃoｗ.

Ｇiventhehａzａｒds,iｔ'snoｔsurｐrisinｇ(10)

ｓpｅcialceｒemoｎｉesarehｅlｄforneｗｃａｒownersinwhichtheｓteeｒiｎｇwhｅｅlａｎdthｅdriｖeｒaｒeｂothblesｓｅD．１．

Ａ.havebｅeｎｓoｌｄ

B.ｈaｖｅｓold

C.hａvｅbｅenselling

D.hadbｅｅnｓoｌd2.

Ａ.of

B．ovｅｒ

C.between

D．in３.

Ａ．cars

B.vehicles

C.bｉkｅs

Ｄ.motｏrｃyｃlｅs4．

Ａ.within

B．ａfｔer

Ｃ．witｈ

D.in5.

A.in

B.on

C．aｔ

D.above6.

A.ｐulｌed

B.pullｉng

C.toｐｕll

D.pull7.

A.ｗait

B.search

C.wａtchouｔ

D.lｉsteｎouｔ8．

A.wｅreｒeｃｏｍmended

B．ｔｏbｅrecommended

C．toｒeｃｏmmend

D.areｒecommenｄeｄ9.

A.wｉth

B.ｂｙ

Ｃ.tｏ

D.afｔer10.A.ｗhat

Ｂ.whｙ

C．when

D.thａt(Ｐａsｓage5答案:1.A

2.D

3.B

4.C

5.Ｂ

6.A

7.C

8.D

9.B

１０．

D)Ｐaｓsage8(20２３年7月试题)Ａstudy（21)________＿____thatｆitｎeｓsistheｋey(２2）＿_____longlife,irrespectivｅofｂｏｄyshapeorｅvenｓmｏkiｎghabits.Reｓearchｅrsdisｃｏvｅｒedtｈaｔpeｏple（23)___＿＿_＿__eｘeｒｃiseliｖeｌongeｒｔhanｔhosewｈｏdonｏｔ，（２4)____＿_____theｙareoverweｉｇｈtandsmｏke．Tｈeｓtｕdyfoundｔhatthｅleastfｉtoｆthe6,000middlｅ-aｇｅdmｅnintheｓtudywerefiｖetimｅs(2５)__＿_＿___＿____todｉewｉthinsiｘyｅａrsofｔhestaｒｔｏfｔhereｓeaｒchｔｈanｔhｅfiｔｔest．Ｔｈｉswaｓtrｕewheｔhｅrｏrnottｈeｍenhadheａｒｔpｒoblｅｍs,ｓｍokedor（２６)______overwｅigｈt.Sciｅntistｓcｏnｃludeｄthatiｔｗasbetteｒtobeｆaｔandａｃtiveｔhanskｉｎｎyａｎdｓｅdentary.ＤrKenＣｏopeｒ,afiｔnessｅxｐeｒt,said,"Ｙｏuarebeｔｔｅrofｆsmｏkiｎgaｐackeｔｏfcｉgarettesaｄayaｎd(27）＿＿________ｒeｇｕlarｌｙthaｎbeingaｎoｎ－smokeｒanｄsedentaｒｙ."Althｏughｈeａdds,"Buｔdon＇tｍiｓunｄersｔandme.Iaｍnｏtｅndorsingsｍｏkiｎg．Ｉamｔryinｇtoｔellｙouhowｄangerｏusitisｔoｂeｓedｅntaｒy．"(28)＿____＿__,theｓtudｙapｐeaｒsｔｏflyinｔhefａceofrｅseａｒchlastｙeａrwhichcｏnclｕdedｔhaｔmｏretｈａn３0，000pｅopleｄｉeｐrematurｅｌyeveｒｙyeａrinBriｔaｉnｆromillｎｅsｓeｓcausedｂｙbｅiｎｇｏｖerweighｔ.TheBritｉｓhGoverｎｍentiｓｐuttingprｅssｕreｏnmaｎufａｃｔureｒs(29）_＿____＿_____higｈｌeｖelsofｓugarinｆoodandtoreｓtrictthｅhard-seｌlｏfｊｕnkfoodｔochildreninｏrdeｒtoiｍprovethｅｎation'ｓｈealtｈ．BuｔtheｎewstudyｓｕggeststheＧovernmｅｎt(30)__________ｍorepｅoｐｌｅtｏeｘerｃise.21.A)showinｇ

B)ｓｈoｗ

C)hａssｈｏwｎ

D)hadｓhown22.A)to

B)ｆoｒ

C)of

D）ｉｎ23．A)–（不填)

B)whiｃh

C)wｈom

D)ｗhｏ2４．A）if

B)uｎless

C)eｖeniｆ

D)becａuｓe25.A)ｌike

B)likely

D)ｌessliｋｅly

Ｄ)moreｌikeｌy2６.A)ｗaｓ

B)weｒｅ

C）is

D)are27.A)toｅxｅrｃiｓｅ

B)ｅｘerｃisinｇ

C)exｅrｃise

D)exerciｓed２8.Ａ）Ｈowｅｖer

Ｂ)Ｓo

Ｃ)Altｈough

D)Ｆuｒthｅrmｏrｅ２9.A)ｒeducｅ

B)reduciｎｇ

C)toreduce

D)redｕced30．A)ｅncoｕragｅｄ

B)eｎcouraging

C)toeｎcouｒaｇe

D)ｅncｏuraｇe（答案：２1.C

22.A

23.D

24.Ｃ

25．D

２６.Ｂ

2７.B

28.A29．Ｃ

30．D)Paｓsage9（2023年１月试题)ＣｈiｎesｅleaｒnｅrsｏfEnglｉshｏftｅnsaytｈattheｙｐｉcｋuｐａlotofｕsｅfulｌistｅｎinｇpraｃtｉceｂytuniｎgintoVOA(VoicｅoｆAmeｒicａ)aｎdtheＢBC．(1)_______,iftｈeydｏｎ'thaveａｓhｏrtwaveradio,thｅｎtheｙcannotreceｉｖｅｔhesｅｎewworks．ManｙＣｈineｓestuｄentsｔｈatＩhavemｅtｓaythat，(2）___＿_＿_，theyprｅfeｒVOAbecausetheyaremoreuseｄｔoAmeｒicanEngｌish.Thiｓmaybｅso,（3)＿_＿_＿_＿IthｉnkｔhatｗhatｔheyreallｙliｋeisthefaｃtthａtAmeriｃannewsreaｄeｒｓreadmｏｒeslowｌy（4）＿_＿___＿_Ａmeｒicaｎｓ(５)_＿_＿___speakmｏresｌowｌy.（6)_____＿_，manyＣhinｅsｅacｔｕallyｆindthecontenｔofｔhenewsfromtheBBＣｍoreinｆormativebｅcauseittriｅstoｄealwｉthｗｏrlｄissuesｒathｅrthanmaｉnｌyＡmeriｃanissｕeｓ.(７)_____＿_,ｉｎqｕiterecenttimeｓ,JｉmｍyCartｅr,ｔhｅfｏrmerAmｅｒiｃaｎｐｒｅsiｄｅnｔ，wａsｏnaniｍportａntｖisiｔtoNorthKｏreａ(8)_＿_＿_＿_ｔrｙandｐerｓｕａdethｅNorthKoreanPｒesidｅｎttoalｌowinvestigatｉonｏfthecouｎtry'snuｃlｅaｒreｓources.Ｔhiswasamajorｎewsstｏryworldwｉde,(9)__＿____,ｔhｅｗorldwaｓhｏｌdinｇitsbrｅathforawholeｗｅek.(10)__＿__＿_，ｗｈiｌｅfiｌｌｓｃonfeｒenceｗasgｏingoninPｙonyaｎｇ,aｆamoｕsAmericanfootｂallplayeraｎdfilmsｔａr,O.J.Simｐｓon,wasacｃuseｄｏｆkｉllｉnghiswife.Forliteralｌydayｓ,tｈehｅadｌiｎesoｎＶOAｄeａltwithｔhｅO．Ｊ.Sｉmpsonstｏｒｙanｄinｔernaｔionalnewｓｔｏokabaｃkｓeａt.1.A.ＨowｅｖerB.ＴheｒefｏreC.Inaddition2．A.whateverB.ratheｒC．inｆact３.A．unlｅｓsB.butＣ.ｎever４.A.aｔfｉrstＢ．beｃauseC.insteaｄ5.A．ｅvenB.whereverC.generalｌy６.A．ＮeｖerthｅlessB.ＳeldｏｍC.Ｓｏmｅhow7.A.ForｅxampｌeB．ForthisｒｅasonC.Ｆorｅveｒ8.Ａ.aｓfｏｒＢ.onｔhｅwholeC.ｉnｏrderto9．A.oｆｃourｓeＢ.indeedC.asiｆ1０.Ａ.ＴｈenB.ＷheｎＣ.Wｈenevｅr答案：1.A2.C3．B4.B５.C6.A７.Ａ8.C９．Ｂ10.ＡPassage12（２023年7月)Ｂillwasｏnholidayandhｅwasveryworried(1)ｈistwｏteenagechildren(2）werｅatｈoｍeaｌone.Hisneiｇｈbor,Ｊim,phｏnedhimｔosaytｈatthechｉldrｅn(3)apartｙ,aｎdhewasveryanｇry（4)iｔ．Whenhｅｗeｎｔｔｏcomｐlａiｎaｂｏｕtｔｈenoｉｓｅ,heｗａsｖery(５）aｔthｅirattituｄe．Theysaidtｈｅyｗｅｒｅn’trｅspｏnsｉble(６)thenoisｅ，andtheycｏuｌdn’tdo(７）____tｏstｏptｈeirfriｅnＤ.Billwaｓaｐｐaｌleｄbｙｔｈｉscalｌaｎddeｃidｅdtophonｅ(8)chiｌｄreｎatonce.Thechildrensａidtheywｅreverysorryａboutthepａｒty,（9)ｔheｙwereupsｅｔbytheirfriends’bｅhavior.ThｅｙａgrｅedtogｏａndseｅJiｍaｎdtotakehimabotｔleofwineandapoｌoｇiｚeａboutｔｈｅnｏｉse,bｉlｌwａsplｅasｅ(1０）theｍｆｏrthis.1.Ａ.ｗithＢ.aｂｏuｔＣ.ｆorD.to2．A.wｈｏB.whiｃｈＣ．whatD．theｙ３．Ａ.hadB.havehaｄC.wouldhaveD.ｈａdhad4.Ａ.ｆorＢ.withC.tｏD.aｂｏut５.A.sｕrpriseＢ.surｐrisingC.ｓｕrpriｓedD．surpｒiｓes6.Ａ.fｏrB．toC．withD．ｏn7．A.ｓoｍethingB.nothinｇC.anyｔhiｎgＤ.ｅverytｈｉnｇ8.Ａ.theirB.herＣ．ｈisD.herｓ9．A.ｂutＢ.andＣ.forD.sｏ10.A.fｏrB．toC．aboｕｔD.ｗith答案：1．B2．A3.D4.Ｄ5.C６.A7.C８.Ｃ９．B10．DPassａge13（形成性考核册）Mｏsｔwｏrkersｓｐｅndeｉghｔhｏursonthejobaｄayon(１)Thｅyworkbecaｕsethｅynｅedmoｎeｙｆornｅcｅｓsiｔies.Tｈeyspenｄａboutontｈirdoftｈｅirlｉｖeｓaｔｗork，ｂuthateit.Bycontｒast,somepeopleactｕally(2)worｋ.Ｔheｙspｅｎd(3)houｒsonthｅjｏbｅacｈｗeeｋandofteｎtａｋewｏrkhomeｗiｔhtheｍ.Tｈeyaｒecａlｌed“workaholics(工作狂)“ａsｔｈeyareaddicｔedｔotｈeiｒｊobasotｈerｐｅopleaｒｅ（4)aｌcohol.Woｒkaholiｃｓwｏuld(5)workｔhａnｄoanytｈiｎgelseａndthiｓcanbemostimpｏrｔanttotｈeiｒlife．Ｗoｒkaholｉcsarｅofteｎ(6)stｒess.Thｅｙｃan’ｔrｅｌaxａndfeｅltense.(7)theymayeasiｌｙlosetemper.Ｔhｅｉrwｏrkｔｈerefｏreｈａsserｉousimpactontheirrelationｓhipｓaｎdfamilｙｌife.Typicalworkaｈolｉcspaylittleattｅｎtiontofamilies.Tｈeｙspend（8)timewithtｈｅiｒchｉlｄreｎandtheiｒmarriagｅｓmaｙ（９)indivorｃe.Theiriｎabilitｙtorｅlaｘmaycａuse(10)prｏｂｌems,suｃｈashighｂloodpresｓｕre．1.A.weekendsＢ．wｏｒkdａysＣ.eacｈwｏrkD.eｖerydａｙ2.A.hａteB.enｊoyC．dｏD.dｉｓｌｉke３．A.eｘtｒaB．raｔｈeｒC.ｌesｓＤ.feｗer4.A．forB．ｌikeC.ｔoＤ．iｎtｏ5．Ａ．bｅtterB．lｉketｏC.doD.rather6．A.onＢ.undeｒC．inＤ.ｆｏr7．Ａ．AsamatteroffaｃtB.AsaresultC.AｓｉtｉｓD.Aｓyoucａnfind8．A.ｍoreB．ｍuｃhＣ.liｔtｌeD.alittle9．A.beｇｉｎB．endC.beginnｉnｇD.enｄiｎg10.A.ｈｅalthＢ.blｏodC.mｅnｔalD.fａmily答案:1．B2.B３.A4.Ｃ5.D6.B７.Ｂ8.C9.Ｂ10.ＡPassaｇｅ1(２02３年7月试题)BenjaminDiｓraeli，theｆamoｕsｎineｔeｅntｈcenturypriｍeｍｉniｓtｅr,said，“Londonｉsnｏtacitｙ，

－iｔisanaｔｉon．”Ｔoｄａｙthisisaｎunderstatｅmｅnt;Ｌondoｎ,ｗithitsvastrangｅoｆdｉffｅrentethｎicgroups,ｉｓaｗoｒlD.Cｅrtainly,LoｎdｏniｓtｈemostcｕltuｒallyｄiｖｅrsecｉtｙｉnｔheｗoｒlD.

TheｃｉtywasfoundedbｙtheＲomaｎsａndsincethennewａrｒivalshａveconｓｔanｔlyadｄｅdtｏitｓchａraｃterandprｏsｐerity.

Withiｎ10yearｓ4０%ofLondｏnerｓｗillbefｒomｅtｈniｃｍiｎoritygrouｐｓ,inclｕｄiｎgthegrｏwingｎｕmberofLondonersofmｉxedethｎｉcｏriｇin，ｂutｍｏｓtｏfthemwｉllhavebeｅnborｎｉnBritain.ChildrenofCaｒibbeａn－CｈinesemarriageｓwｉllgotoschｏｏｌｗithchildrｅnoｆRｕssian-Irisｈcouples.NoneoｆthemｗｉｌlbeEnglisｈbutａlloftheｍwiｌlbeLondonｅrs.MｏｓtofＢritaｉn'ｓｅｔhnicmiｎoriｔｙresideｎtｓlivｅｉnthecapital，ｓｐeaｋinｇｏver３00lａngｕagｅｓ.NeaｒｌｙallｏfｔheAｆｒicanpopulａｔｉonanｄmａnｙoｆtｈｅCarｉbｂeaｎpopulａｔiｏnofBritaｉｎlｉveinLondon(８3%ａｎd５8%respｅctiveｌy);３9%oｆｔｈｅＣhinｅsepopulatiｏnofＢｒitainand3６％ｏｆthｅＡsｉanpopuｌatiｏnofBｒitainliｖeｉnＬondｏn.ThelargesｔmiｇrａntｃomｍunityisfromtheIriｓhReｐublicwｉth2５６，0０0people,3.８%ofｔheｔｏtaｌpopｕlaｔiｏnofLondon.Thereａｒｅａnestimaｔed3３0，000rｅfugeeｓａndasｙｌumseeｋｅｒsliviｎgiｎＬondoｎ,ｗｉthmｏstreceｎtarrｉvalscomｉｎgfromEaｓtｅrｎEｕrｏpe,ＮorthAfricaanｄＫｕrｄistan.Younｇpｅｏplｅ,inｐａrｔiｃｕlａr,arｅｓｋｉｌledatｄｅalingｗithａlarｇｅｎuｍｂｅrｏfdifｆeｒeｎtandhｙbriｄcultuｒes.Ｔｈeytheｍseｌｖｅｓoｆtenhaveseveｒaldiffｅrenｔｅtｈnｉcidｅnｔitｉｅssincetｈeirｐarentsａndｇrandparｅntsｍａｙｃomefromｓeveraldiｆferentbａｃkgroｕｎdsaｎdｔｈeirfrｉenｄsandpａrtnerｓdoalsｏ．Tｈeyａrｅ“ｓｋilledcross-culｔuｒaltｒavellers”ｗitｈｏｕtleavingthｅｉrhome-tｏｗn.1.ＷhｙdoｅsthｅwritｅrthinktｈatBｅnjaｍｉnＤiｓrａeｌi’sｓtatemｅｎtisaｎｕｎderstaｔemeｎｔ?BｅｃausehethiｎksLondonis_＿__＿＿___.Ａ.partoｆｔｈewoｒdB.evenlargｅrtｈａｎsoｍecountｒiesiｎthｅwｏrld

Ｃ．ｎoｔanaｔionaｔalｌ

D.amｉｎiatuｒeworldthaｎksｔoｉtsgrｅatculturalｄiｖersity2.LondoｎisｒegaｒdedaｓｔheｍｏｓtcｕｌｔuraｌlｙdiversecityiｎtheｗｏrｌｄduetotheｆollowiｎｇfaｃtsEＸCEPＴthat__＿＿__＿＿_.A.withｉn10yeａrs4０%LondoｎerswiｌｌｂefｒoｍethnicmｉnoritｙgｒｏupsB.ｍoｓtｏfBriｔａｉｎ’sｅｔｈniｃminｏriｔyrｅsidentsｌivｅiｎLoｎdon,ｓpeakiｎｇoｖer30０langｕagesC.Ｌｏndonaccｏmmoｄａteｓabout330,000rｅfugｅesaｎdaｓylｕmseekersfromｍanyotheｒcountriｅsD.mａｎyyｏungｐeopｌearｅｉｍmigrantsfromdiｆferｅntbackgｒoｕndｓ3．Eｔhnｉｃmｉnorｉtygroupsｗilｌmaｋeup____＿＿___oｆtheLoｎdonｐopulatioｎintｈefuｔuｒｅ．A.３.８%B．40%C.39％D．36%４.TｈelaｓtpaｒaｇraphmａinlｙteｌlｓusinLondoｎ_______＿_.Ａ.youngpeｏplearｅfroｍdifｆｅｒentbａｃkgｒｏｕndsB.ｙoｕngpeｏpleaｒeraisedinaｍultiｃulturａleｎｖｉｒoｎmｅntC.yoｕngpｅoplefinditharｄｔｏadapttｈemsｅlvｅstohｙbridculturesD.yｏuｎｇpeoplefeelatｅasewithａlarｇｅnｕmberofdｉversｉfiedcｕltuｒeｓ5.Thepａssageｍａinlydｅａlswith_________.A.tｈｅaｄvａntaｇｅofhybrｉdcultuｒesiｎLｏｎdonB．thecｏｍpｏｓitｉｏnofthepopｕleticminLondonＣ．theyｃulｔurａlｄｉvｅrｓｉtyｉｎLonｄonＤ.tｈecoｎtriｂutionmadｅbythｅnｅwarrｉvalstoＬｏnｄon答案１.D

2.Ｄ

３.Ｂ

4.D

5.CPassagｅ4(2０２3年1月试题）AnExtｒaｏｒdiｎaｒyCｈaｎgeoｆDirectｉｏnMoｌlyWiｌsoｎhadbeenadancerandamotherformanyyｅaｒsｗhenshedｅcidｅｄtosailrｏundｔheworldtoｒaisｅmoneyforcｈariｔy．Asａcｈｉｌdｓｈeｈadtraｉnedasabalｌｅtdanｃer，buｔat15shehadgｒowntoｏtallfｏｒclassｉcalbaｌlet,soshｅbecameamembeｒofapｏpdanｃetｅaｍ．Shegotmaｒried,ａnｄafterｓhｅｈadchildrｅnｓhｅretireｄfrｏmshowbｕsiｎesｓｔｏbｒiｎgthemup.Theｙgrｅwｕp,ａｎdwhｅｎtheｙweｒe18tｈeyleftｈomｅ.Shesays,“WhｅｎIdecｉdedｔodotｈｅrｏund-ｔhe-wｏrlｄｒaｃe,ｍyhusbａndthoｕghtIｗasbｏredbｅcaｕｓｅｔhechiｌdrenhadlefｔｈome.HeｗaｓalsoｗｏrrｉｅdbｅｃauseIhａdneｖersａｉlｅｄbefoｒe．Iwasｎoｔbored,butIhadmetｓomepeoｐlｅwｈｏｔolｄｍｅabouｔthｅｒacｅ.Theyｈadtakｅnｐartiｎit,bｕttｈｅｙｈadonlyｄoneｏneｓeｃｔioｎ，say,froｍNｅwＺeａlandtｏＡuｓtraliＡ.Iwanteｄｔｏdothewholeteｎ-mｏnｔhjourney.”BｅforeMｏｌｌyleftshｅdidalｏtoftｒaininｇ,butithadn’tprｅparｅdherforｔheworsｔweatherwhiｃhtheyｅxperiｅnceD.Shetelｌsonestｏrｙ.“OnenighttｈeseawasｖeryｒoughａnditwasveｒycolD．Iｈadgonedｏwnstａirswheｎahｕｇｅwavesmashｅdintotｈeboatandｉｎｊuredｔwｏmenoｎthedｅck．Oneoｆthemeｎcouｌdn’ｔmｏvebecａusehehａdbrｏｋｅnhiｓleg.Theyｗeretakentoｈosｐitalbyhelicopｔeｒ.Ｔhａtwastheworsttimｅ.”BｙtheendofＯcｔoｂerlastyｅar,sｈehaｄraiｓedmoｒethａn£５０,000foｒchａｒｉｔy．Sheｓayｓ,“SometimesIaskｍyｓeｌｆ，whatdｉdIdo？ＨowdidIｄoit?ButthenＩtｈiｎk,it’sｔhesａmeasbｅingadancer.BeforｅＩleftｏnthetｒｉｐ,IhadtrａinedｈaｒD．Ｉｈaｄgotvｅryfitaｎdhadｐreparedmｙｓelfｃoｍplｅtｅly.TｈenonｔhｅtriｐIwａssimｐlyaｇoodtｅamｍｅmｂer．”１.Whatdoestｈeword“ｅxtraoｒｄinａｒｙ”mｅaniｎthｅtitｌe?Ａ．

ｖeｒyoｒdinaryB.verｙunusuａlanｄsｕｒpｒisｉngＣ.noｔsｐｅcialD.

eｘｔrｅme2.Thesentｅnce“…myhuｓbandｔhougｈtIｗａsbored…”iｎPaｒA.4meａntthａtmy

hｕsbandthoughtIfelｔ____＿____．A．ｄｉsｓaｔiｓfｉｅdbｅcauｓeIhadnothｉngbettertｏdoaｔhoｍeB．annｏyｅdｂecａｕｓｅＩhadｔowaitlｏnｇformychilｄrenｔｏｃomebacｋhomｅC.ｈappyｂecaｕsｅＩcouｌdｄosoｍeｔhinｇIwasinｔerestｅｄiniｎsｔeａdｏftａkingcarｅofｃｈｉｌdｒeｎ

Ｄ．saｄbecａusｅaｌlthｅchｉldrｅnleftｍｅwhenthｅygrewup３.Thｅｗord“sｅction”ｉnParA.4mosｔｐrobabｌymeanｓhere＿________．

A.groupoｆpｅopleB.paｒtofthｅｔｒaｉｎingC.ｐaｒtｏfthｅroutｅofsaiｌD．ｐaｒｔoｆtｈｅjob4.Whichoftheｆolｌｏwingiｓｎearest（closeｓt）inmeａｎｉｎｇto“ｒｏｕgh”inｔhesenｔeｎce“Ｏｎenighttｈeｓeawasvｅｒyｒoｕgh…”ｉnParA.5?A.notｅxactB.difficuｌｔＣ.ｎotsｍootｈｂecauｓeｏfhugｅwavｅｓD.ｐleaｓａnt5．Thｅlastｐaraｇrａphsuggｅsｔstｈat________＿．Ａ．thequaｌitｉesshｅneeｄedforthetripwereｔhesａmeａstｈｏseforadａｎcｅrB.ｍanyyｅarsｏｆdaｎcinｇhadalｒeadyｐreparｅdheｒforthesailｃompleｔely,sｏshe

neｅｄn’tdoanytｈiｎgbeｆoreｔhｅjourｎeyC.sheshouldbekindtootherteammembersdurinｇｔhetriｐD.ｓhesｈouldnotfoｒｇeｔdａnｃｉngdurｉngthetrｉpKey:BAＣCAPａｓｓａgｅ5(2023年１月试题、形成性考核册)答案:1.A2.Ｃ３.B4.B5.ＣPeoplealｌoverthewoｒldtｏdayarebeｇiｎningｔoheａrandｌeａrnmorｅandｍoreabouttheproｂlemofpollｕtiｏn.Poｌlｕtioｎiscausedeiｔherbyman’ｓｒelｅａsｅofcｏmｐletelyｎeｗandoftｅnａrtifiｃial(人造的)subｓｔａnｃeｓintoｔheeｎvｉronｍent,oｒｂyｒｅleasiｎggrｅaｔlyinｃreａseｄamountsofａnatuｒａlｓubstａnce（物质)，sｕｃｈasoｉｌfromoiltanｋeｒsintoｔhｅsｅA．Whaｔevｅｒｉtｓunｄｅｒlｙiｎｇreasons,thereisｎｏdｏubｔtｈatｍuchofthepｏlluｔioｎcausｅdcouｌdｂｅcontｒolｌeｄifｏnｌｙcomｐanｉeｓ,individualｓａnｄgovｅrnmenｔswｏuｌdmakemｏreefｆorｔs.Inthehomeｔhｅｒeｉsanoｂｖiｏusｎeeｄtocoｎtｒoｌliｔtｅrandwaｓte.Foodcomesｗrappedｕｐthrｅｅoffourｔiｍesｉnpaｃｋaｇeｓthatａllｈaｖeｔｏbedisｐosedof；driｎｋｓａreｉｎcreasingｌｙsolｄinbottlesortinswhichcaｎ’tberｅｕseD．Thｉsnｏtonlycauｓesaliｔterpｒｏbｌem，butalsoiｓagreatwａｓｔｅofｒesourｃeｓ,intermsofglass,mｅtalaｎdpａｐｅr.Ａdvertisinｇhashelpedthiｓproceｓｓbyｐersuａdｉｎｇmaｎｙofｕｓｎoｔｏｎlytｏbuｙtｈingsweｎeitherｗaｎtnorneｅd,ｂutalsoｔoｔhrowawaymｕchofwhatｗｅdobｕy.Pollutｉoｎaｎdｗａsteｃomｂinｅｔobeａpｒoblemｅveｒyonecanhelptosoｌvebｙcutｔinｇｏｕtunneｃessａｒybuｙing,excessuseandcarｅleｓsｄisｐosal(解决)ofthepｒｏduｃtｓｗeuseｉnourdailylives.1.Themainｃauseofpolluｔｉoniｓ_____＿_＿_＿.A.

thereｌeaｓeofａrtifiｃialorｎatuｒａlsubsｔancesintotheｅnｖiroｎmentB．tｈeｐrodｕｃtioｎofneｗｉnduｓtｒｉalgoodsＣ．incｒeasedaｍouｎｔｓoｆanatｕralsubｓtancｅD．

ourｅver-iｎｃreａsingpopulａtｉon2.Ｍuｃｈoｆthｅpollutioncoｕｌdｂｅｃoｎtrolｌｅdifonlｙ＿_＿_＿__＿_＿.A.ｐｅoplewｏuldpａymoreattentｉoｎtoｔheｐroｂlemB.gｏｖernmeｎtｓwoｕldtakｅeffｅctivemeasureｓC.aｌlsｉdｅｓconcｅrnedwoｕlｄmａkemoreｅｆfortsD．

farmersｗouldｕｓelessａrtｉfiｃｉalfｅrtｉlｉzｅrｓ3.Foodpacｋａｇｅs,ｂotｔlesａndtiｎsｆorｄrinkscaｎcause＿___＿__＿__.A.airaｎdwateｒpollutiｏnB.bothａlｉtteｒｐroｂｌｅmandaｗasteｒｏfrｅsourcesC．ｔｏｐａyforｔｈeserviceD.toproduｃｅｔｈerｅceiｐｔ４．Ｗhichｏｆthｅfolｌowｉngｃanｎoｔheｌpsｏlｖiｎgtheｐrobｌemofpollution?A．Cuttingouｔunｎecesｓarybuyinｇ．B.Eatｉng．C.Redｕceexcｅｓｓuｓe.D．Ｃarefｕllyｄｉsposeｏurdaｉlyprｏductｓ.５．Wｈatdoｅstheunderlinedwｏrd“ｌitｔｅr”meanｉnparａgｒaｐh2?A.

noｔmany

B．

seriouｓproblemC.

biｔｓoｆwastethｉngs

D.

ｉndustrialpollutｉonＰaｓｓage６(２023年7月试题、２023年７月试题）Somｅpeoｐｌetｈiｎkｔｈeyｈaveaｎansｗｅrtotｈetroublｅsoｆautｏmｏbiｌecroｗdｉngandｄiｒtyairｉｎlargecitｉｅs.Theiraｎsweｒｉｓｔheｂicycle,or“bike”.Iｎaｇrｅａtmanｙcitiｅs，hｕｎｄredsｏfpeoｐlｅｒidebiｃyｃleｓtowｏrkeverydａy.InＮewＹoｒｋCiｔｙ,somebiｋeridｅrshaveｅvenｆｏrmｅdagroｕpｃalleｄBｉkeｆoraBetterＣiｔy.Theyclaｉmtｈaｔifｍoｒepeoplerodｅbicyclestowｏｒｋtｈereｗouｌdbefeweｒautoｍｏbｉlesｉnthedownｔownsectiｏｎofthｅciｔyandtｈｅreforｅｌessdirtyaiｒfromｃarengｉnｅs.Fｏｒｓevｅralyeaｒｓtｈisgrouphaｓbｅenｔryｉｎgtogeｔtheｃitygｏｖｅｒnmeｎｔｔｏhelpbikeridｅrs．Fｏrexamｐle,tｈｅywanttheｃiｔytodrawbiｃyclｅlａneｓonｓoｍeofthｅｍaｉnstｒeｅtｓ,becａuseｗheｎbｉkeridｅｒｓhaｖetouseｔhｅsameｌaｎｅsasｃarｓ,thｅreaｒｅａccideｎtｓ.BｉkeforaBetteｒＣiｔyｆeelsthatifthｅｒeweresｐecｉallaneｓmoｒｅpeoplewouldｕｓeｂikes.Buｔｎｏbｉcyclelaneshavebeｅｎdrawｎ．Nｏtｅｖeryｏnethｉｎksitiｓaｇoodｉｄｅａ-theｙｓayｉｔwｉllslｏwtrａffiC.Somｅｓtoreowｎerｓoｎtｈemainｓtreeｔｓｓaytｈatiftｈeｒeiｓｌesstｒaｆfｉｃ,theywillhavｅlｅssbusiness．Andmoｓtｐｅoｐlelｉveｔoofarfｒｏmdowntｏwntotravelbybikｅ.Thecitｙgoｖernmeｎｔhａsnotyｅtｄecｉｄeｄｗｈattodo．Iｔwantｓtｏkｅepｅｖｅｒyonehappy.Oｎlyｏnweｅkends，ＣｅｎtralParkisclosｅdtoｃaｒｓ,andtｈｅroaｄsmaybｅusedbybicyclesonly.ButＢikeforａBettｅｒＣitysaysｔhaｔthisｉsｎｏtenｏｕｇｈaｎdkeepsｆightingtogｅtｂicyclelanｅsｄownｔowｎ.1.

Accordｉngｔothｅpasｓaｇe，bｉcycles____Ｄ______＿＿.A.

areｍorｅcoｎｖenienttｈａncaｒｓＢ.

aresafｅrtraｆfｉｃtoｏlstｈancaｒsC.

ａreriddｅｎbymoｓtpeopleｉｎtｈｅU．SＤ．

areｔhesolｕtionｔosoｍecityprobleｍs２.

Tｈｅiｄeａofspecｉalｂｉｃyｃleｌanｅsismｏsｔfａvｏredby______B＿＿_＿＿_.Ａ.ｔhecityｇovernｍeｎt

B.sｏmebikｅrｉdｅｒsC.peopｌeｌivingfaｒfrｏmdowｎtownD.sｏmeｓtoreowｎｅｒs3．

“Bicyclelanes”ｉnthｅthirｄparagraphprｏbablymeaｎs＿_＿__C_____＿_.A.naｒrｏwｐassａgesbetweｅnｂuildingsfｏrｂicycleｓＢ.roａｄｓfuｌloｆbicyclesC.ｓpeｃialｐartsoftｈerｏaｄforbicｙcleｒiｄeｒsonlyD．rｏadsforｂicyclesoｎly４.

Wｈicｈofthefｏllｏｗingiｓｎｏttｒueａｃｃordingｔothepaｓsａge?A.ＢｉkeforａBｅtｔerCｉtymｅmberｓridｅｂicｙclｅstoｗoｒk．DB.Ｓｏmetimesaccｉdeｎtｓmayocｃurwhenｃarｓandbｉｋesaｒeoｎthｅｓaｍelａｎes.C.ＴheCentralParkisclosedtocarsonweekenｄs.D．InＮewＹoｒkCｉty，manypｅopｌeuｓebikesａsｔｈeｙhaveｓｐｅcialｌanｅs.5.

Thebｅsttitlｅｆorｔhｉｓpasｓａgｅis_____D__＿_＿__.Ａ.ＴrafｆicCroｗdingｉnＮｅwＹorｋCｉｔyＢ.AｉrPolｌutioninNeｗYｏｒkCiｔybyCarsC.SｐeｃｉａlＬaｎｅsfｏrPaｓsengｅrsＤ.ＳoluｔionｔoＴraffｉcPｒｏｂlemiｎNewＹorkＰassagｅ7(２02３年7月试题、20２３年1月试题)Whowｉllstageｔhｅgames?PreparinｇｆortheＯlympiｃsGameｓisahugeundｅrtaking.Ｊusｔlikｅtheaｔｈletｅs,tｈeｈoｓtciｔｙspendsyｅarｓgettingｒeadyfortｈeevent.BｅfoｒｅdecｉdｉngwhichcityｗiｌlhosttheOlｙmpicGａmeｓ，ｔheＩnterｎatｉｏｎalOｌｙmpicＣommittee(ＩOC)hａｓｔoｅxaminebidｓfｒｏmａllovｅｒthｅｗｏrlD．Ｂiddiｎgｆortｈegamｅsbeginsabｏuttｅnyearｓinadvance.Wｉthｏutｐrｅpａrｉngaverystrongbiｄ1,ａcｉｔywillnotwｉnthecoｍpｅtitiｏntｏｈｏstthegａmｅs.Beijingwａｓchoseｎｆoｒthｅ２023gaｍｅsfｒｏmｆivebiddｅｒs—Ｏsａka，Pａｒis,TorｏntoanｄIｓtanｂul.2Wｈｙdoesiｔtakesoｌｏｎgtoprepare？Ｂｕiｌdinｇthｅｉnfrastｒuctuｒecoｓｔshugeamountsofmoney．HoｌdingtheWｏｒｌdＣupin202３inJａｐanaｎdＳouthKoreａ,forｅxampｌe,meanttｈattｅnneｗsｔａdｉｕmshaｄtobebuilt,asweｌlasmaｎyhoｔｅlsandanｉmprovedtrａnsportsyｓtem.InBeijinｇ,afterｗinnｉngthｅbｉdｔhegoverｎmｅntbeganmajｏrcｏｎstrucｔｉｏnprojeｃts—ｔheｅxtensioｎofthｅu