山西省运城市风陵渡开发区高级中学2021年高三英语期末试卷含解析

山西省运城市风陵渡开发区高级中学2021年高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.BecauseI'vesomethingimportanttodo,Ican'tcometoseeyouthisevening,____I'dliketo.A.muchasB.muchsoC.asmuchD.somuch参考答案：A2.Themanagerofthiscompanyisveryconsiderate

hisemployees.

A．towards B．with

C．at

D．about参考答案：A3.TheUnitedStates________52stateswhileChina________32provincesandautonomousregions.A.formsof;

consistsofB.consistsof;

ismadeupofC.ismadeup;

consistsofD.isformed;

ismadeupof参考答案：B4.Hedidn’ttellhiswifeaboutbuyinganewcarforher_____hecouldgiveherabigsurpriseonherbirthday．A．sothat

B．eventhough

C．asif

D．incase参考答案：A5.Thedriver,_________theguests,______responsiblefortheaccident.A.morethan；are

B.ratherthan；isC.otherthan；were

D.lessthan；was参考答案：B

考查短语与主谓一致。句意为“在这次严重的事故中，应受责备的是司机而不是乘客。”morethan“多于，超过”；ratherthan“而不是”；otherthan“除了”；lessthan“少于”。本句主语为thedriver，故选D。【高考提示】with，together

with，as

well

as，

rather

than，no

less

than，but，except，

besides，as

much

as等是属于"准连接词"，其作用与介词类似。一般情况下，主语后面跟上由这类词连接的成分，虽然主语和谓语隔开了，但谓语仍须和真正的主语保持一致。在第3句中，其真正的主语是Dr

Smith，所以谓语用单数形式；第4句属口语体，在这个句子中，with的意义和and相近，通常情况下根据意义一致的原则，即使主语是单数，谓语仍可用复数形式，因此，其谓语用复数形式。6.TheSmithshavethreesons,oneababy,_____twinsofthirteen.A.another

B.other

C.theother

D.theothers参考答案：D略7.Iwonderhowlongitwillbe_______theengineercouldadapttothenewwork.A.thatB.whenC.beforeD.since参考答案：C8.Thetwocompaniesarecompeting________eachothertogetintotheIndianmarket.

A.to

B.for

C.in

D.against参考答案：D略9.Heislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoes______hisboss.A.serves

B.promises

C.satisfies

D.supports参考答案：C略10.Yousee,there’snolightonintheclassroom，there

beanybodystudyingtherenow.A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.mayn’t参考答案：A.11.

—Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?

—ActuallyIdidn’tlike______.A.bothofthem

B.eitherofthem

C.noneofthem

D.neitherofthem参考答案：B解析：题意是“这两个网络游戏你喜欢哪一个？说实话我两个都不喜欢。”not和both表示部分否定。none指三个以上的否定。neither两个都不，前面有don’t，就不能再和neither搭配使用了。要注意区别both,all,neither,either,none的基本用法，同时要注意部分否定和全否定的表达。如：Bothofhissonsareinthearmy.其全否定形式为：Neitherofhissonsisinthearmy.Allofuswenttothecinemayesterday.其完全否定形式是：Noneofuswenttothecinema.12.Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast

shehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.A.which

B.where

C.what

D.when参考答案：B略13.Broadlyspeaking,IwouldagreewithSam,thoughnot_______.A.widely

B.entirely

C.extremely

D.eventually参考答案：B14.Facedwith_______failure,itisthemostimportantforustokeepup______goodstateofmind.A.

/;a

B.

a;/

C.

the;/

D./;the参考答案：A略15.MyfriendMaryis_____beautifulgirland_____girleveryonelikestoworkwith.A.a,a B.a,theC.the,a D.the,the参考答案：A16.Amandahopestoliveasimplelife______shecanjustenjoyheractivitiesratherthanrushingtomeetthedeadline．A．when

B．which

C．where

D．that参考答案：C17.—Morning.Ihaveacoupleofpicturesinmyflashdrive_______.Howmuchdoesitcost?—Well,itdependsonthesizeandnumberyouwant.Butitshouldbe_____

between30and50RMB.A.tobedeveloped;somewhere B.todevelop;somewhereC.tobedeveloped;anywhere D.todevelop;anywhere参考答案：A18.Though

ofthedanger,Mr.Brownstillriskedhislifetosavetheboyinthefire.A.havingtold B.telling C.tobetold D.told参考答案：D19.ManyAmericanhighschoolstudents_______after-schooljobstomakemoneyandgetalittlebitmoreindependencefromtheirparents.

A.takein

B.takeoff

C.takeon

D.takeover参考答案：C二、完型填空20.MadisonWilliams,aged13,wasstudyinginherbedroominDublin,Ohio.Suddenly,hermother,LeighWilliams,rushedinsaying____21____,“Alittleboyfellintoaseptictank（化粪池）,andnoonecan____22____him.”Theyrantotheneighbor’syard,wheretheyfoundtheboy’sdesperatemotherandotherpeople____23____aseptictankopeningthatwasslightlywiderthana____24____.Theboy,only2,hadslippedin.Madisonquickly____25____thesituation.Shewastheonlyonewhocould____26____throughthesmallhole.Without____27____,shegotonherstomachnexttotheopening,placedher____28____outinfrontofher,____29____toldtheadults,“Lowermein.”Leighandtheothers____30____herwaistandlegs.Shemovedherarmsandshouldersfromsidetosideuntilshegotthroughthe____31____.Inside,thetankwasdark,andtheairwassick.Sheusedherhandsto____32____theboyinthedirtywater,andjammedherleftwrist____33____ahiddenpole,injuringthemusclesinherwristandarm.Ignoringher____34____,Madisoncontinued.Minutestickedbybeforeshe____35____graspedhisfoot.Then,tenminutesafterMadisonhad____36____thetank,sheandtheboywere____37____.Buttheboywasn’toutof____38____.Hehadbeenkeptfromoxygenlongenoughthathewasn’t____39____.Anadultgavehimseveralhardhitsontheback.ItwasonlywhenMadisonheardhimcrythatsheknewhewas____40____.Madison’sactionmadeherahero.21.A.impatiently

B.bravely

C.anxiously

D.calmly22.A.reach

B.see

C.recognize

D.hear23.A.covering

B.repairing

C.digging

D.surrounding24.A.bowl

B.plate

C.basketball

D.tap25.A.accepted

B.surveyed

C.remembered

D.drew26.A.fit

B.break

C.walk

D.look27.A.effort

B.help

C.doubt

D.hesitation28.A.arms

B.feet

C.clothes

D.glasses29.A.still

B.even

C.and

D.so30.A.lowered

B.held

C.pushed

D.pressed31.A.water

B.opening

C.passage

D.gate32.A.exam

B.greet

C.shake

D.feel33.A.against

B.with

C.on

D.towards34.A.life

B.time

C.injury

D.direction35.A.carefully

B.finally

C.again

D.just36.A.searched

B.touched

C.entered

D.observed37.A.liftedout

B.steppedforward

C.movedon

D.cameaway38.A.balance

B.order

C.control

D.trouble39.A.talking

B.sleeping

C.breathing

D.smiling40.A.sad

B.OK

C.hungry

D.different参考答案：21.C

22.A

23.D

24.C

25.B

26.A

27.D

28.A

29.C

30.B

31.B

32.D

33.A

34.C

35.B

36.C

37.A

38.D

39.C

40.B本文是一篇记叙文。一个两岁的小男孩掉进化粪池，女孩Madison发现开口小，只有她能下去，就毫不犹豫下去救人。Madison的行为让她成为一个英雄。21.C考查副词。A.impatiently不耐心地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.anxiously焦虑地；D.calmly冷静地。根据下文Alittleboyfellintoaseptictank（化粪池）可知，她妈妈在焦虑地说。答案为C。22.A考查动词。A.reach到达；B.see看见；C.recognize认出；D.hear听见。没人能够得到他。答案为A。23.D考查动词。A.covering覆盖；B.repairing修理；C.digging挖；D.surrounding围着。根据上文Alittleboyfellintoaseptictank（化粪池），andnoonecan___2___him．”可推知，人们虽然下不去，但是应该围在化粪池周围。答案为D。24.C考查名词。A.bowl碗；B.plate碟；C.basketball篮球；D.tap水龙头。根据下文Theboy,only2,hadslippedin.可知，化粪池的口应该是比一个篮球稍微宽点。C项符合题意。25.B考查动词。A.accepted接受；B.surveyed调查；C.remembered记得；D.drew牵引，描绘。根据下文Shewastheonlyonewhocould___6___throughthesmallhole.说明Madison迅速调查了一下当时的境况。答案为B。26.A考查动词。A.fit适合；B.break打破；C.walk散步；D.look看。根据throughthesmallhole.可知，此处指适合下去救小男孩的人只有她。选A。27.D考查名词。A.effort努力；B.help帮助；C.doubt怀疑；D.hesitation犹豫不决。根据上文shewastheonlyone和下文“Lowermein.”可知，她毫不犹豫地让大人把她顺下去。选D。28.A考查名词。A.arms胳膊；B.feet脚；C.clothes衣服；D.glasses眼镜。她的肚子紧挨着洞口，并把她的手臂放在前面，告诉大人们，“把我放下去”。故选A。29.C考查副词。A.still仍然；B.even甚至；C.and和；D.so所以。她的肚子紧挨着洞口，并把她的手臂放在前面，告诉大人们，“把我放下去”。此处是并列关系，答案为C。30.B考查动词。A.lowered放低；B.held握住；C.pushed推动；D.pressed按压。Leigh和其他人抱着她的腰和腿。选B。31.B考查名词。A.water水；B.opening开口；C.passage走廊；D.gate大门口。根据上文shegotonherstomachnexttotheopening和下文Inside,thetankwasdark,andtheairwassick.可知，她通过了开口，进了化粪池。答案为B。32.D考查动词。A.exam考试；B.greet问候；C.shake摇动；D.feel感觉。根据后半句theboyinthedirtywater可知，她用手去感觉脏水里的男孩。故选D。33.A考查介词。A.against反对，对着；B.with和---一起；C.on在---之上；D.towards朝着。她的左手腕被一个隐藏的杆子卡住了，手腕和胳膊上的肌肉都受到了损伤。说明用手在水里找男孩时左手腕againstahiddenpole，故选A。34.C考查名词。A.life生命；B.time时间；C.injury受伤处；D.direction方向。根据上文injuringthemusclesinherwristandarm.可知，Madison忽视她的受伤处，继续寻找。故选C。35.B考查副词。A.carefully细心地；B.finally最后；C.again又，再；D.just仅仅，刚才。几分钟过去了，她终于抓住了他的脚。答案为B。36.C考查动词。A.searched寻找；B.touched触摸；C.entered进入；D.observed观察。根据下文Anadultgavehimseveralhardhitsontheback.可知，她进入化粪池十分钟后，她和男孩被拉了出来。选C。37.A考查动词短语。A.liftedout提升，从---抬出来；B.steppedforward走出，向前进；C.movedon往前走，前进；D.camedaway离开。她进入化粪池十分钟后，她和男孩被拉了出来。选A。38.D考查固定搭配。A.balance平衡；B.order顺序；C.control控制；D.trouble麻烦。根据下文Hehadbeenkeptfromoxygenlongenoughthathewasn't___19___Anadultgavehimseveralhardhitsontheback.可知，男孩虽然被救了出来，但还没有摆脱麻烦。outoftrouble摆脱困境，答案为D。39.C考查动词。A.talking谈论；B.sleeping睡觉；C.breathing呼吸；D.smiling微笑。根据前半句Hehadbeenkeptfromoxygenlongenough可知，由于长时间缺氧，结果他不能呼吸。故选C。40.B考查形容词。A.sad难过的；B.OK好的；C.hungry饥饿的；D.different不同的。男孩缺氧，不能呼吸，一个大人击打他的后背，直到听见他的哭声，才说明他没事了。故选B。【名师点睛】21.Everyoneinbusinesshasbeentoldthatsuccessisallaboutattractingandretaining(留住)customers.Itsoundssimpleandachievable.But,

11

,wordsofwisdomaresoonforgotten.Oncecompanieshaveattractedcustomerstheyoften

12

thesecondhalfofthestory.Intheexcitementofbeatingoffthecompetition,negotiatingprices,securingorders,anddeliveringtheproduct,managers

13

becomecarriedaway.Theyforgetwhattheyregardastheboringsideofbusiness---

14

thatthecustomerremainsacustomer.

15

toconcentrateonretainingaswellasattractingcustomerscostsbusinesshugeamountsofmoneyannually.Ithasbeenestimatedthatthe

16

companylosesbetween10and30percentofitscustomerseveryyear.Inconstantlychanging

17

,thisisnotsurprising.Whatissurprisingisthefactthatfewcompanieshaveanyideahowmanycustomerstheyhavelost.

Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptotheselostopportunitiesandcalculatethe

18

implications.

19

thenumberofcustomersacompanylosescanmakeabig

20

initsperformance.ResearchintheUSfoundthatafivepercentdecreaseinthenumberofdefecting(流失的)customersledto

21

increasesofbetween25and85percent.

IntheUS,Domino’sPizzaestimatesthataregularcustomeris

22

morethanfivethousanddollarsovertenyears.Acustomerwhoreceivesapoorqualityproductor

23

ontheirfirstvisitand

24

neverreturns,islosingthecompanythousandsofdollarsin

25

profits(moreifyouconsiderhowmanypeopletheyarelikelytotellabouttheirbadexperience).

Thelogicbehindcultivatingcustomer

26

isimpossibletodeny.“Inpracticemostcompanies’marketingeffortisfocusedongettingcustomers,withlittleattentionpaidto

27

them”,saysAdrianPayneofCornfieldUniversity’sSchoolofManagement.“Researchsuggeststhatthereisacloserelationshipbetweenretainingcustomersandmakingprofits.

28

customerstendtobuymore,arepredictableandusuallycostlesstoservicethannewcustomers.Furthermore,theytendtobelessprice

29

,andmayprovidefreeword-of-mouthadvertising.Retainingcustomersalsomakesit

30

forcompetitorstoenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.”11．A.inparticular

B.inreality

C.atleast

D.firstofall12．A.emphasize

B.doubt

C.overlook

D.believe13．A.tendto

B.contributetoC.appealto

D.devoteto14．A.denying

B.ensuring

C.arguing

D.proving15．A.Moving

B.Hoping

C.Starting

D.Failing16．A.average

B.ordinary

C.normal

D.usual17．A.markets

B.tastes

C.prices

D.expenses18．A.cultural

B.social

C.financial

D.economical19．A.Cuttingup

B.Cuttingthrough

C.Cuttingin

D.Cuttingdown20．A.promise

B.plan

C.mistake

D.difference21．A.cost

B.opportunity

C.profit

D.budget22．A.worthy

B.worth

C.value

D.price23．A.service

B.delivery

C.order

D.promotion24．A.asaresult

B.onthewhole

C.inconclusion

D.onthecontrary25．A.huge

B.potential

C.extra

D.reasonable26．A.beliefs

B.loyalty

C.interest

D.habits27．A.altering

B.understanding

C.keeping

D.attracting28．A.Established

B.Assumed

C.Respected

D.Unexpected29．A.Sensitive

B.friendly

C.flexible

D.agreeable30．A.unfair

B.convenient

C.difficult

D.essential参考答案：文章讲述了很多公司把很多精力放在了吸引顾客的方面却很少去关注如何留住老客户。文章讲述了留住老客户的重要性。11．B短语辨析。A尤其；B实际上；C至少；D首先；这里是指事实上，明智的话经常被忘记。12．C代词辨析。这里是指这家公司忽视了另外一方面。13．A上下文串联。管理者往往会变得忘乎所以。14．B上下文串联。这里是指他们忘记了要保证顾客还是顾客。15．D上下文串联。这里是指不能留住顾客和吸引顾客会让公司失去很多。16．A形容词辨析。这里是指每个公司评价每年损失百分之10-30的顾客。17．A名词辨析。这里是指在不断变化的市场上，这是常有的事情。18．C形容词辨析。只有现在组织开始唤醒那些失去的机会，并计算出经济的影响。19．D上下文串联。一个公司失去的客户数量的减少可以产生很大的影响。20．D固定词组。Makeadifference产生影响。解析同上。21．C名词辨析。在美国的研究发现人数减少5%(流失的)客户至利润25至85%的升幅。22．B上下文串联。一个普通的客户是价值5000美元以上的超过十年23．A上下文串联。一位顾客接收质量差的产品或服务,在首次访问以后结果就再也不来了、24．A上下文串联。解析同上、25．B形容词辨析。是指这样会让公司损失潜在的利润。26．B培养顾客忠诚背后的逻辑是无法否认的27．C上下文串联。上文说很多公司聚焦于吸引顾客，却忘记了要留住顾客，keep表示留住。28．A上下文串联。已经留住的顾客倾向于购买更多的，是可以预见的成本通常低于新客户提供服务。29．A这里指这部分顾客对于价格并不敏感。30．C上下文串联。这里是指留住顾客让竞争对手很难进入你的市场。三、阅读理解22.Exercisecouldnotonlybenefityourbody,butalsoimproveyourmemory,researchersfoundrecently.IntheirpaperpublishedonMonday,researchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,IrvineintheUnitedStatesandtheUniversityofTsukubainJapanintroducedtheirexperimentandconclusion.Scientistsinvited36volunteerswhowereintheirearly20stodo10minutesoflightexercisebeforetakingamemorytestinwhichtheywereshownpictureslikebroccoli（西兰花）orpicnicbasketsandaskedtorecallthemlater.Thesameexperimentwasrepeatedwiththesamegroupofvolunteerswithoutexercising.uThememorytaskwasreallyquitechallenging,"

saidMichaelYassa,co-authorofthestudyandaneuroscientist（神经科学家）attheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine."Weusedverytrickysimilaritemstoseeiftheywouldrememberwhetheritwasthisexactpicnicbasketversus（对抗）thatpicnicbasket."Researchersalsoscannedbrainsofsome,oftheparticipantsduringtheexperiment.Theyfoundstrengthenedcommunicationbetweenregionsinvolvedinthestorageandrecollectionofmemoriesinbrainsofthosewhohadexercised.Thissuggestedthatjust10minutesoflightexerciselikewalking,yogaorTaiChimightincreasememorypower.Asallthevolunteersintheexperimentwerelyyoung,researchersarestillworkingtolookattheeffectsoflightexerciseonolderpeople."Ourfuturegoalistotrytodevelopanexerciseprescription（处方）thatcanbeusedbyolderadultswhomighthavedisabilitiesormobilityimpairments,butcanstilladoptverysimpleexerciserulesoflifeandbeableto,perhaps,delaycognitivedeclinetemporarily,"saidYassa.8.Whatdidtheresearchersfindfromtheexperimentmentionedinthetext?A.Regularexerciseisofbenefittothememoryofallpeople.B.Justashortperiodofexercisebetteryoungpeople'smemorypower.C.Olderpeoplecanalsoimprovetheircognitivepowerbyexercisingregularly.D.Allthevolunteersintheexperimentimprovedtheirmemorythroughexercise.9.Whywasthememorytaskquitechallenging?A.Thetimetosolvethequestionswastoolimited.B.Thepeopleintheexperimentweredisabled.C.Theitemstobedistinguishedwereextremelysimilar.D.Thequestionsaskedbythescientistsweretoocomplicated.10.What'sthepurposeofthetext?A..Tosolveaproblem. B.Togivepracticaladvice.C.Topresentaresearchresult. D.Totellaninterestingstory.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AdvantagesofExercisingRegularlyB.ExerciseIsBeneficialtoBothYoungandOldC.ExerciseCanImproveOlderPeople'sCognitivePowerD.TenMinutesofExerciseaDayMightImproveMemory参考答案：8.B

9.C

10.C

11.D这是一篇说明文。研究人员最近发现，锻炼不仅对身体有益，还能提高记忆力。研究人员在周一发表的论文中介绍了他们的实验和研究结果。8题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“Thissuggestedthatjust10minutesoflightexerciselikewalking,yogaorTaiChimightincreasememorypower”可知，这表明，只需10分钟的轻度运动，如散步、瑜伽或太极，就能增强记忆力。所以研究人员从文中提到的实验中发现只要锻炼一段时间，年轻人的记忆力就会得到提高。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“Thesameexperimentwasrepeatedwiththesamegroupofvolunteerswithoutexercising.Weusedverytrickysimilaritemstoseeiftheywouldrememberwhetheritwasthisexactpicnicbasketversus（对抗）thatpicnicbasket”可知，同一组志愿者在不运动的情况下重复相同的实验。我们使用了非常复杂的类似物品，看他们是否记得是这个野餐篮还是那个野餐篮。所以为什么记忆任务很有挑战性是因为要区分的项目非常相似。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“IntheirpaperpublishedonMonday,researchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,IrvineintheUnitedStatesandtheUniversityofTsukubainJapanintroducedtheirexperimentandconclusion.”可知，UniversityofCalifornia和IrvineUniversityofTsukuba的研究人员在周一发表的论文中介绍了他们的实验和研究结果。以及下文对于实验的具体介绍可知，这篇短文的目的是呈现出研究结果。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是“Thissuggestedthatjust10minutesoflightexerciselikewalking,yogaorTaiChimightincreasememorypower”可知，研究人员最近发现，锻炼不仅对身体有益，还能提高记忆力。研究人员在周一发表的论文中介绍了他们的实验和研究结果。结果表明，每天锻炼十分钟会提高记忆力。下一步的实验将研究轻度运动对老年人的影响。所以短文是围绕着每天锻炼十分钟会提高记忆力而展开的，所以短文的最佳标题为“每天锻炼十分钟会提高记忆力”。故选D项。23.

Picturethescene:thebatteryonyourmobilephonehasrunout．Youcan'tmakeanycallsforhelpandnoonecancontactyou．Youareallalone-well,notquite．Justreachintoyourpocketandtakeoutapieceofsugar．Putitintothebattery,waitaminute,andyou'rebackonthephone．

ThankstoacoupleofAmericanscientists,thissituationcouldbecomereal．SwadeshChaudhuriandDerekLovelyhaveinventedthe

"bacteriaba