选修6第三单元-A-Healthy-Life-==reading-及language-points

Unit3AhealthylifeReadingNowadaysmanyadolescents

startsmoking.teenagers1.Whydoyouthinksomeadolescents

startsmoking?

teenagers3.Inwhatwaysissmokingharmful?Awasteof_______money红云红河烟草（集团）有限责任公司.2300元/条Smokingmaycause______.fireSmokingmaycause___________.airpollutionSmokingisnotgoodfor____________smokers.secondhand中国约十万人因吸二手烟而死.Smokingmakesyoubony.Smokingisnotgoodforour________.healthWhatarethetwobigdiseasesthatyouthinkarerelatedtosmoking?lungdiseaseWhatadvicewouldyougive?Myadviceisthatletthemgetinterestedinsomepositivehobbieslikesports,playingmusic,reading,playingchessandsoon.5.Wherecouldyougetgoodadviceonstoppingsmoking?DoctorsMedicalmagazinesParentsandfriends…4.Doyouthinksmokingshouldbebanned?AdviceFromGranddadReading1.Whowrotetheletter?2.Whatisthepurposeoftheletter?HisGranddad.Givehisgrandsonsomeadvicetogiveupsmoking.SkimmingMatchthetopicsentenceofeachparagraphofthefirstpart:APara.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5

BGrandadtalksaboutJames’problemofsmoking.Theharmfuleffectsofsmoking.Grandadtellsaboutthelifeheislivingandtheimportanceofhealthylife.Grandad’shopeforJamesandhisadviceonstoppingsmoking.Thethreedifferentwaysofbecomingaddicted.

1.ThefirstparagraphofthelettershowsJamesgranddad

.(para1)livesahealthylifeisaddictedtosittinginthegardenhasnothingtodoathomeistiredwhencycling20kilometers2.Fromthesecondparagraph,wecanknowgranddad______________.(para2)neversmokedB.likessmokingC.usedtosmokeheavilyD.stillsmokesnowReadingfordetails3.Accordingtothetext,ifyou’reasmoker,whenyoudon’tsmoke,youmayfeel______.A.relaxed B.angry C.sorry D.happyB4.FromPara.3,wecanlearnthat______.A.apersoncanbeaddictedtonicotinebecausenicotineisoneofthehundredsofchemicalsincigarettes.B.apersonwillbeaddictedtosmokingifhetreatsitasahabit.C.apersonwillfeelsickifhisbodygetsusedtohavingnicotine.D.apersonwillreallyfeelrelaxedwhenhavingacigarette.B5.WhichisNOTtheeffectofsmoking?A.Causingterribledamagetoheartandlungs.B.Affectingthehealthofnon-smokers.C.Havingtheclothesturnyellow.D.Notenjoyingsport.6.WhatisNOTincludedinthearticleaboutstopsmokingontheinternet?A.RelaxB.DeterminationC.CourageD.Gethelpfromothers.C

C

7.Accordingtotheletter,James’granddad______.didn’tgiveupsmokingusedtobeamemberoftheschoolfootballteamC.islonelyD.wrotedowntheadvicefromhisexperienceB8.______forcedJames’granddadtogiveupsmoking.Thatherantooslow.HisgirlfriendThathewastakenofftheschoolfootballteamD.HisparentsC9.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT_______.A.James’grandfatherwastiredwhenreturningfromalongbiketrip.B.therearethreewaysapersoncanbecomeaddictedtosmoking.C.keepingyourhandsbusywillhelpstopsmoking.D.somepeoplehavetotryseveraltimesbeforequittingsmoking.A1.Physicallyaddictedtonicotine2.Addictedthroughhabits3.Mentallyaddicted1.Doterribledamagetoheartandlungs2.havedifficultyinbecomingpregnant3.BecomebreathlessquicklyFillinthechart.

Theleavesoflungturn_______;black1.otherpeopledislikethesmell2.thecigarettesmokecandoharmtonon-smokers.beunabletoenjoysport1.Ifayoungladyoftensmokes,shemaygivebirthtoabiggerbabyinthefuture.2.peoplewhosmokearemorelikelytosufferfromheartdisease.3.Aftersmokingforafewyears,amanmayfindthathecan’trunasfastasbefore.TFTsmallerTrueorFalse?4.Tomsaidthathefelthappierwhenhesmoked.Thatmeansheisphysicallyaddicted.5.Aheavysmokermaypickupacigarettetosmokeevenwithoutrealizingwhatheisdoing.6.Johnsaidhewasmentallyaddicted,becausehefeltratherupsetorevenpainfulifhedidn’tsmokeforawhile.FTFmentallyphysicallyRead

HowcanIstopsmoking

andtell:Suggestionsforquittingsmoking:ReadthesecondpartofthetexttogetsuggestionstoquitsmokingSuggestionsforquittingsmoking:1____________________2____________________3____________________4____________________5____________________6____________________PrepareyourselfBedeterminedBreakthehabitRelaxGethelpifyouneeditKeeptrying

Canyougivesomeotherhelpfulsuggestions?How

canIstopsmoking?Chooseadaythatisnot_______toquitsmoking.Makealistofallthe_______youwillgetfromstoppingsmoking.__________allyourcigarettes.______thelistofbenefitswhenyoufeellikesmoking.Developsomeotherhabitstokeepyourself____.Ifyoufeelnervousorstressed,trysome________exerciseslikedeepbreathing.Youcanstopsmokingwitha______orjoinagroup.Ifnecessary,askadoctoror_______forhelp.Themostimportantistokeep______.Don’tfeel________ifyouhaveacigaretteagain.Just_____again.stressfulbenefitsThrow

awayRereadbusyrelaxationfriendchemisttryingashamedtryLanguagepointsWhydoyouthinksomeadolescentsstartsmoking?adolescent/Teenagerbaby/infantchild(English)/kid(American)toddleryouth婴儿年幼的孩子13到19岁的人刚学会走路的小孩男性青年Myadolescentlife我的青少年时期adolescence

青春期Theperiodofadolescenceisveryimportantinformingone’scharacter.青春期对人的性格形成是非常重要的。2.stressv.1)强调TheEnglishteacherstressedtheimportanceofreadingaloud.英语老师强调了朗读的重要性。2)用重音读

Stressthesecondsyllable.

重读第二个音节。n.压力Stressisoftenafactorinthedevelopmentoflong-termsickness.压力通常是患长期慢性疾病的因素。用法归纳stresssth.

强调某事be

under

stress

处于压力之下beunderthestressof...lay/place/putstressonsth.

着重强调某事类似:placevalue/importance/banonsthstressful

adj.产生压力的,紧张的stressedadj焦虑的,心力交瘁的词语辨析:

stress/pressure/tension压力stress1)外来社会的压力,2)心理,生理或情绪上的紧张。pressure1)指单位面积上所受的压力,如bloodpressure2)外来的社会的压力=stress(1义)

tension1)关系不好等原因而导致的紧张状态或者气氛,2)某物被过度伸展后呈现的状态。选择stress/pressure或tension并用其适当的形式填空。Moreandmorepeoplecannotbearthe________ofmodernlife.2)Don’tpullitanymore.Thegreat________willbreaktherope.3)Thepatientiscomplainingofhisfeelingof________onhischest.4)Nobodycanworkwellunder______________.stresstensionpressurepressure/stress3.workaholic[,wə:kə'hɔlik]专心工作的人alcoholic[,ælkə'hɔlik]n.酒鬼，酗酒者4.Somepeopleliketoabuseanimals.有些人喜欢虐待动物。1)tomakeaninvestigationonchildabuse.做一项关于虐待孩子的调查。2)ThatthepoliceinNingxiatracedandarrestedthecrimereporteracrossprovincesistheabuseofpower/powerabuse.权力的滥用3)Alcoholabusemayco–occurwithdepression.酒精的滥用可与抑郁症共同出现。5.Doyouthinksmokingshouldbebanned?ban(banned,banned)vt.禁止,取缔

1)Swimmingisbannedinthislake.

这个湖里不准游泳。

2)tobantheuseofthesechemicalsn.禁止;禁令[C][(+on/against)]

1)ChinaliftstravelbanagainstHIV-infectedpeople

2)Wehaveputabanonsmoking.

我们已禁止吸烟。

3)Chinahasliftedabanonpeoplewith

HIVandAIDSfromenteringthecountry.辨析:ban/forbid/prohibit禁止

ban由于法律或社会压力而禁止,有谴责或不赞成的意味。搭配ban…fromsth./doingsth.forbid较常用,可是个人,也可以是国家,政府机关作出的规定和准则。搭配forbidsb.todosth./hibit强调以法律或官方行政手段,或规章制度的形式加以禁止。搭配prohibitsb.fromsth./doingsth.Exercises:Aftertheaccident,hewas_______fromdrivingalone.2)Ourschool________ustobringcellphonetoschool.3)Thelaw__________thetobaccofrombeingsoldfreely.bannedforbadprohibits6.It’sseemsamazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughto…此句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。______feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.(2007全国)One B.This C.It D.That解析:it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的watchingmyselfonTV。C7.Ithinkmylongandactivelifemustbe

duetothehealthylifeIlive.知识拓展:表示因果关系的单词和短语becauseof介词短语“因为”,较口语化(仅状语)owing

to介词短语“因为”,较正式thanks

to介词短语“因为”,“多亏了”(仅状语)asa

result

of介词短语“因为”asaresult副词短语“因此”Theaccidentwas____hiscarelessdriving.dueto

B.becauseC.becauseofD.BothAandCD

8.Ibecameaddictedtocigarettes.become/get/beaddictedtosth./doingsth.表示“对某事/做某事上瘾”,该短语中的to是介词,后接名词或动名词形式。如：Thechildrenareaddictedtocomputergames.孩子们对计算机游戏上了瘾。addict

vt.(1)使沉溺;嗜好

(2)使...成瘾,热衷于addictoneselfto沉溺于,醉心于beaddictedto嗜好,热衷Hebecameaddictedtothedrug.他上了毒瘾。addict

n.(1)上了瘾的人

afilmaddict电影迷

(2)吸毒者addiction

n.沉湎、成瘾addictive

adj.使人上瘾的Theparentsfelthelplesswhentheyfoundtheirsonhad____lovestoriesforlong.addictedaddictedtoC.addictedhimselfD.beenaddictedtoD9.Thismeansthatafterawhileyoubecomesaccustomedtohavingnicotineinit.这就是说,过了一段时间以后,你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。accustom

vt.使习惯于be/get/becomeaccustomedto习惯于;适应于accustom+n./oneself+to使自己习惯/适应于其中to为介词Theboyhas____________________________Englishinpublic.那孩子已经习惯于在公众面前说英语了。Myeyessoon_______________________________.我的眼睛很快适应了黑暗。Theyhadto____________________________________.他们不得不使自己习惯于炎热的天气。accustomthemselvestothehotweathergrewaccustomedtothedarknessbecomeaccustomedtospeaking注意:在英语中,to有时为动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形;有时用作介词,后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的to均为介词。stick

to

坚持lead

to导致,通向payavisitto

参观sentencesb.

to

宣判某人cometo

谈到,涉及see

to处理,负责beupto总计devote…to

致力于getdown

to开始/着手contributeto...有助于lookforwardtoreferto...applyto...adaptto...[考例]Accustomedto______thesteepmountain,hehadnodifficultyreachingthetop.(江西2009)A.climbing B.climbC.havingclimbedD.haveclimbedA10.Asyouknow,ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain,youbegintodoitautomatically.此句中的it是人称代词,代替前面的thing。—Haveyouheardthelatestnews?—No,what______?(2010全国卷)A.isitB.isthereC.aretheyD.arethose解析:由news为不可数名词可排除C、D两项,用it指代具体的抽象名词thelatestnews。A11.…soitwasverydifficulttoquit.quit(ted),quit(ted),quitting①Vt:停止,放弃,离开(v-ing)quitsmoking/school/office戒烟/退学/离职

②Vi:辞职,离开,放弃Hedecidestoquitsomeday.

3)bequitof...摆脱

Heisveryhappytobequitofbusyschoolwork.

解析:根据句意“医生们正在研究以便发现当人们戒烟时,他们身体上将会发生什么情况”选A。decline下降;depart起程;reserve预订。Doctorsaredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeople______smoking.(上海2010)A.quitB.declineC.departD.reserveA只能用动词的-ing形式做宾语的动词有:Admit;advise;allow;appreciate;avoid;celebrate;complete;consider;deny;forbid;fancy想象;finish;keep;mention;mind;miss;pardon;permit;prevent;delay;discuss;dislike;enjoy;escape;excuse;explain;imagine;postpone推迟;practise;quit;recall记起;recommend推荐;recollect记起;resist抵抗;risk冒险;suggest;tolerate忍受;understand12.Ididn’tknow,forexample,(that)

itcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungs

or

thatitwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant.

当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部,也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。解析:该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。13.smellv.smelly难闻的①“闻起来”,连系动词,后接adj.,分词

Theflowerssmellsweet.

②闻到,嗅出,常与can,could连用Icansmellsomethingburning.n.嗅觉,气味,臭味Tasteandsmellarecloselyconnected.There’sasmellofcooking.---What'sthatsmellcomingfromthekitchen?---Hmm,itsmellslikefreshhomemadebread.

prepare(sb/sth)forsthtoprepareanetforfishing准备捕鱼的鱼网topreparethegroundfortheseeds.整理好土地准备播种Maryispreparingherselfforthetesttomorrow.Willyouhelpmepreparefortheget-togetheroftheoldclassmates?14.Prepareoneself过去分词

prepared

用于系表结构,意为“为……做好准备;打算”,常用于以下句式:1)

be

prepared

+

for如：

They

were

prepared

for

the

worst.

他们已准备好应付最坏的情况。I

knew

there

were

problems,

but

I

was

not

prepared

for

this.我知道有些问题,但却未防范这一点！

2)

be

prepared

+

不定式短语。如：

I

am

not

prepared

to

listen

to

all

your

weak

excuses.

我不愿听你那些不成借口的借口。

They

were

prepared

to

be

friendly.

他们打算和好。15.Don’tchooseadaythatyouknowisgoingtobestressful,suchasthedayofanexam.不要选择你明知有压力的日子,例如要考试的那一天。doyouknow做插入语不放句中whodoyouknowisthethief?(wrong)Doyouknowwhoisthethief(yes)Whoisthethief,doyouknow?(yes)16.Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette,remindyourselfthatyouareanon-smoker.2)feellike意为“感到想要”,具体用法如下:

feellike+sth/doingsth想要,想要做.如:Ifeellikeadrink.Idon'tfeellikeeating.“feellike”还有“感到像…,摸起来像…”的意思。如:Theymademefeellikeoneofthefamily.Thisfeelslikesilk.3)remind

v.提醒;使想起,使记起①remindsb.of/aboutsth.

提醒某人某物/某事Besuretoremindherofthemeetingshehastoattend.务必提醒她要参加那次会议。②remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事Pleaseremindmetoposttheletter.请提醒我寄那封信。③remindsb.that-clause提醒某人…SheremindedmethatIhadn'twrittentomother.她提醒了我,我还没给妈妈写信。Whatyousaidjustnow____meofthatAmericanprofessor.[2002上海]A.mentionedB.informed

C.remindedD.memorized解析:

remind提醒;让……想起C

reachfor

伸手拿东西reach

v.1)延伸到Theladderwon’treachthewindow.

2)到达TheyreachedLondon.17.Ifyoustarttofeelnervousorstressed,don’treachforacigarette.reach

n.伸手可及之距离outofthereachofsb

某人够不到=outofone`sreachwithinthereachofsb=withinone`sreach某人够得着within(easy)reachofsth很靠近某东西beyondthereachofsb

:某人无法达到（理解)=beyondone`sreachMyhomeiswithinreachoftheshops我家买东西很方便Theballwasoutof(the)reach(ofme).我够不着这个球。18.shameshamedshamefulbeshamedofsth/that-为...感到羞愧beshamedtodosthbeshamedofoneself为自己感到羞愧feelshamedforsb替某人感到羞愧ashamed/shameful

adj.羞耻,惭愧的ashamed(表语)感到羞耻,惭愧的shameful(定语)令人可耻的

用ashamed或shameful填空Theboywas_________totellhismotherthathehadfailed.2)Iwas________ofmy_________behavioratthattime.ashamedashamedshameful192.IdohopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.Completethesentenceswithwordsandphasesfromthetext.Quiz1.RiceproductionhasincreasedgreatlyinChinaoverthelastfewyears,largely_______superhybridrice.2.HavinglivedinHawaiiallhislife,hewasnot