分词逻辑主语与分词的时态语态

分词作状语时的逻辑主语与分词的时态、语态意义

Turningaround,anoldwomanwasseenwalkingtowardstheriver.Seenfromthehilltop,hewasdelightedtoseeawonderlandofavalley.warmup××Ⅰ分词作状语时的逻辑主语1、一般情况下，分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。

Turningaround,anoldwomanwasseenwalkingtowardstheriver.Turningaround,wesawanoldwomanwalkingtowardstheriver.

Seenfromthehilltop,hewasdelightedtoseeawonderlandofavalley.Seenfromthehilltop,thevalleylookedlikeawonderland.Whenusingthismachine,theinstructionsmustbereadfirst.Whenusingthismachine,you(orwe)mustreadtheinstructionsfirst.×√×√

分词所表示的动作应该是主句中主语所发出或所承受的动作。如果分词或分词短语所表示的动作不是主句中主语所发出或所承受的，那就是误用。温馨提示

Foundedin1993andemployedanABestimated25,000people,theNewOrientalGrouphasgainedareputationC

fordistinguishedquality.D乘热打铁×

Writinginterse,lucidstyle,thebookA

describestheauthor’schildhoodBCexperiencesinLAjustbeforetheDoutbreakoftheCivilWar.

×Ⅱ分词的时态意义

分词时态的意义从属于主句谓语动词的时态。1、若分词所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生（几乎同时发生），或表示正在发生用现在分词的一般式。2、若分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，用分词的完成式，或用过去分词。另外，表示两个动作同时发生，也可用when(while)+分词结构。Thekidsdancedoutofthekindergarten,talkingandlaughing.

Arrivingatthestation,hefoundthetrainhadleft.Themanplowingthefieldinfrontofthemountainisourgrandpa.

Nothavingexertedhimself,hefailedintheexam.

Havingbeenbeatenseriously,theintrudersretreated.动作同时发生动作几乎同时发生动作正在进行分词动作在先分词动作在先

Notinformedofthetimeofthemeeting,hewasabsentatit.Don’ttalkwhileeating.

Whenleaving,shewavedtoeveryoneofus.分词动作在先同时发生同时发生Ⅲ

分词的被动语态形式

如果分词的逻辑主语是动作的承受者，就要用分词的被动式。

1、一般被动式表示正在进行的动作；

2、完成被动式强调分词所表示的动作先发生

Beingstaredatinpublic,shefeltveryembarrassed.

Havingbeenwarnedabouttyphoon,thefishmensailedforthenearestharbor.分词动作正在进行分词动作先完成1Manyofourdreams__impossibleinthepasthavecometrue.AwereconsideredBtobeconsideredCconsideringDconsidered2Thelostcaroftheleeswasfound__inthewoodsoffthehighway.AabandoningBbeabandonedCabandonedDtobeabandonedDC即学即练3__anotherchance,howcouldheletitslipaway?AGivingBGiveChavingbeengivenDHavinggiven4__ananswerfromthecommittee,hewasveryworriedanddecidedtoflytoWashingtonhimself.AHavingnotgotBgettingnotCNothavinggotDHavingnotbeengotCC5__inancienttimes,thebookstillappealstoreaderstoday.AThoughitwrittenBThoughwrittenCItwaswrittenDWrittenitwas6Thatthebrain,once__oxygen,dieshasbeenproved.AdeprivingofBdeprivedCbeingdeprivedDdeprivedofBD7__,themountainlookslikeanelephant.AHavingseenfromadistanceBHavingbeenseenfromadistanceCSeeingfromadistanceDSeenfromadistance8Shehadsaidlittlesofar,respondingonlybrieflywhen___AspeakingBspokentoCspokenDspeakingtoDB9___,allthequarrelscametoanend.AThelostmoneywasfoundBWasthelostmoneyfoundCBecausethelostmoneyfoundDWiththelostmoneyfound10WeweregreatlyencouragedbythenewsofChina__anotherspaceship.AtohavelaunchedBtolaunchClaunchedDhavinglaunchedDD1HavingbeenchosenthetopicsfortheirABessays,thestudentswereinstructedC

eitherapreliminaryoutlineoraroughDdraft.辨认错误×Havingchosen2ThroughouthistorythemosquitohasAbeennotonlyanuisancebutakiller,B

carriedsomethedeadliestdiseasesC

knowntoman.D×carrying3Nevertohavebeenveryfondofcards,IABmadesomeexcuseandwentoutforaCDwalkinthegarden.×Neverhavingbeen

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