新教材2021-2022学年人教版英语选择性必修第二册检测UNIT1（一）ReadingandThinkingWord版含解析

课下题型练L)ReadingandThinkingI.阅读理解ADoyousupposeDarwin,oneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime,reallydidfoolishexperiments?Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?Sometimes,peoplethinktheyalreadyknow(heanswertoaquestionorthesolutiontoaproblem.Sometimes,theyreallydoknowananswerorasolution,butwithoutthinkingtheyareimportant.CharlesDarwindidn'tsettlefor(满足于)justthinkingheknewsomething.Andhebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.Supposeyoudropsheetsofpaperthatareofexactlythesamesizeandshape.Ifyoudropthematthesametimeinthesameplace,theywillfallinthesameway.Nowmakeoneofthesheetsofpaperintoatightlittlebaitandletitdropalongwiththeothersheets.Whathappens?Youhavedoneanexperimentthatissosimplethatyoumightthinkitcouldn'tbeworthanything.Butthissimpleexperimentisimportant.Itexplainspartofourpresent-dayunderstandingsofphysicsthatwereworkedoutlongagobyGalileoandNewton.AndtheseunderstandingssetasidesomeofancientGreekphysics.Scientistssometimesstoptolookatverysimplethingsandtothinkveryhardaboutthem.Eventhesimplestidea,whichwemightthinkisfoolish,canshakethefoundationsofscience.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。最简单的事情都可能动摇科学的根基，我们要留意身边的每一件事，哪怕它非常简单。ThepassagetellsusthatCharlesDarwin.wasagreatEnglishscientistalwayslikeddoingtheexperimentsthatothersthoughtdifficultthoughteventhesimplestthingwasimportantD.didn'tgetonwellwithothers解析：选C推理判断题。短文并没有说CharlesDarwin是哪个国家的科学家，可排除A项；根据第一、二段可知别人认为Darwin的许多实验太简单不值得做，可排除B项；文中没有论述Darwin与别人相处的事情，可排除D项。根据第三段中的hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe可推出答案为CoTheunderlinedphrase“setaside"mostprobablymeansA.throwawayB.storeupC.puttouseD.realize解析：选A词义猜测题。根据上文可知作者认为做这个简单实脸是重要的，它解释了目前人们对于物理方面的部分理解。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些希腊古典物理学的观点。由此可推知setaside与throwaway同义。Theauthorofthepassagetriesto.convinceusthatCharlesDarwin,GalileoandNewtonarethegreatestscientistsintheworldB.drawtheconclusionthatbasicsciencesaresimplethingsprovethattwosheetsofpaper,withthesamesizeandshape,willfallatthesamespeeddrawourattentiontoeverydayhappeningsaroundus解析：选D主旨大意题。文章的最后一段点明最简单的事情都可能动摇科学的根基，意在告诉我们要留意身边的每一件事，哪怕它非常简单。WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Darwinreallydidfoolishexperiments.B.Accordingtosomepeople,Darwindidfoolishexperiments.C.Itisbelievedbyallthepeoplethatthingscouldbeimportantthoughtheyseemedtobesimple.D.GalileoandNewtonworkedoutancientGreekphysics.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?明确告诉我们，有些人认为Darwin做了愚蠢的实验。BWhatisahero?Wemaythinkofthefictionalcharacterswithsupernaturalpowersorgreatpeoplewhocaninfluenceworldevents.Now,asthenationcontinuesitsall-outeffortstofightagainstthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia（COVID-19新型冠状病毒肺炎），medicalstaffhavebecomeheroesintheeyesofthepublic.AsofFebruary19,atotalof32,000medicalstaffoutsideHubeiprovincehavebeenworkingtotreatpatientsaround（hecenteroftheoutbreak.ZhangDingyu,thepresidentofWuhanJinyintanHospital,isoneoftheseheroes.SincethehospitalreceivedthefirstsevenpatientsinDecember,Zhanghasbeensobusythathebarelygetsanysleep.Evensufferingfromamyotrophiclateralsclerosis（肌萎缩侧索硬化），the56-year-olddoctorisdoinghisbesttoquickenhispacetosaveprecioustimeforinfectedpatients."Ihavetorun,racingagainsttimetosavemorepatientsfromthedeadlydisease,becauseIdon'thavemuchtimeleftinmylife,“ZhangtoldXinhitaNewsAgency.Withthedutyofsavinglives,manymedicalprofessionalslikeZhanghavebeenworkinglonghoursfordays,despitetheirfearandworries.LuJingjingfromWuhanChildren'sHospitalalsoworksatatemporarymobilehospital.Shedoesnotletherparentsknowthatsheisnowworkingwithnovel-coronavirus-infectedpatients.Whenherparentsaskforavideochat,Lusayssheisworkingandletsherhusbandandchildrenchatwiththeminstead.“It'sdangerousbutweshouldwinthebattlewiththevirusassoonaspossible,sothatmedicalstaffandpatientscangobackhome,“shetoldChinaDaily,USwriterKhalilGibran（1883—1931）oncewrote,“Tendernessandkindnessarcnotsignsofweaknessanddespair,butthemanifestationsofstrengthandresolution."Ifstrueforthemedicalworkers.Everyonehasfear,especiallywhenitcomestodeadlydiseases.Butformedicalstaff,savinglivescomesfirstandisenoughforthemtobebraveandstayonthefront.Theymaylooklikeordinarypeopleindailylife,butintheseextraordinarytimes,theyareheroes.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章赞扬了医务人员在武汉为抗击新型电状病毒肺炎所做出的努力。Whatistheauthor*smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?

A.Toexplainwhatmakesamodern-dayhero.B.TopraisemedicalstafffortheireffortstofighttheNCP.TodescribewhatmeasuresChinahastakentodealwiththevirus.ToshowthedifficultiesfacedbymedicalstafftreatingNCPpatients.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的Now,asthenationcontinuesitsall-outeffortstofightagainstthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia（COVID-19新型冠状病毒肺炎），medicalstaff,havebecomeheroesintheeyesofthepublic.可知，现在，随着国家继续全力抗击新型铝状病毒肺炎，医务人员已经成为公众眼中的英雄，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是赞扬医务人员为抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎所做出的努力，故B项正确。WhatdowelearnfromZhangDingyu*swords?Hisillnesshasturnedhimintoanimpatientman.Hisillnessmakeshimworkwithoutfear.Hefeelssorryforhimselfbecauseofhisillness.Hewantstohelpasmanypatientsaspossible.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ihavetonin,racingagainsttimetosavemorepatientsfromthedeadlydisease,becauseIdon'thavemuchtimeleftinmylife,99ZhangtoldXinhuaNewsAgency.'^^r张定宇的话表明他想帮助（治疗）尽可能多的病人，故D项正确。Whydoesn'tLuJingjinganswerherparents'videocalls?Sheistoobusyandhasnotimeforvideochats.Shedoesn'twantherparentstoworryabouther.It*snotallowedtomakeavideocallfromthehospital.D.ThereisnoWiFisignalatthetemporarymobilehospital.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，她不接父母的视频电话是怕父母为自己担心，故B项正确。Theunderlinedword“manifestations“inthesecond-to-lastparagraphprobablymeansA.resultsB.differencesC.indicationsC.indicationsC.indicationsD.advantagesC.indicationsD.advantages解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词前的Tendernessandkindnessarenotsignsofweaknessanddespair可知，温柔和善良不是软弱和绝望的表现，此处是说它们是力量和决心的表现，由此可知画线词词义与signs相近，意思为“标志；表现”，故C项正确。CYoumightthinkthat“globalwarming“meansnothingmorethanariseintheworld*stemperature.Butrisingsealevelscausedbyithaveresultedinthefirstevacuation（撤离）ofanislandnation—thecitizensofTuvaluwillhavetoleavetheirhomeland.Duringthe20thcentury,thesealevelrose8-12inches.Asaresult,Tuvaluhasexperiencedlowlandfloodingofsaltwaterthathaspollutedthecountry'sdrinkingwater.PaaniLaupepa,aTuvaluangovernmentofficial,reportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationhassufferedanunusuallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredestructivestorms.LaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocol,aninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions（导致温室效应的气体排放），whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.MByrefusingtosigntheagreement,theUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluanstolivewheretheirforefathershavelivedforthousandsofyears.^^LaupepatoldtheBBC.TuvaluhasaskedAustraliaandNewZealandtoallowthegradualmoveofitspeopletobothcountries.Tuvaluisnottheonlycountrythatisvulnerable（易受影响的）torisingsealevels.MaumoonGayoon,presidentoftheMaldives,toldtheUnitedNationsthatglobalwarminghasmadehiscountryof311,000an"endangerednation".语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖对于某些岛国，特别是对Tiivalu造成的恶劣影响。Accordingtoscientists,thedirectcauseofmoreandmorefiercestormsis.greenhousegasemissionsinindustrializednationshighersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseacontinuousglobalwarmingrisingsealevels解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredestructivestorms.可判断出造成严重暴风雨的直接原因是海洋表面水温太高。LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionssignanagreementwithTuvaluallowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSbelievetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal解析：选A细节理解题。第四段第一句话表示Laupepa对美国不满意的原因是美国拒绝签署号召工业化国家减少温室效应气体排放的国际性公约——《京都议定书》。ThecountrywhosesituationissimilartothatofTuvaluis.A.AustraliaB.NewZealandC.theMaldivesD.theUnitedStates解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段可判断出theMaldives与Tuvalu的情况相似。Thetextismainlyabout.rapidchangesinearth'stemperaturebadeffectsof,globalwarmingmovingofacountrytoanewplacereasonsforlowlandflooding解析：选B主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了全球变暖造成的恶劣影响，故答案选B。II.阅读七选五Weeatinourcars,atourdesks,onthego,andinfrontoftheTV.Weeattake-out,packagedandpreparedmeals.Why?Becauseitfitsournot-enough-tinie-in-the-daylifestyles.1Well,I'mcertainlynotthefirstonetothinkitorsayit,butweallneedtoslowdown.Consumertrendsaroundtheglobeshowthatoverthepastthreedecadespeoplearepurchasingmorepreparedfoodsatgroceriesandeatingoutmorethaneverbefore.It,spredictedthatwe'llspendmoreatrestaurantsinthecoiningyears.2However,we*regettinglesshealthy.Whiledebatescanbeseenindifferentmediaoverthefoodindustry'scontributiontoourgrowingwaistlinesandourhealthproblems,thebottomlineisthis：3Wecanchoosetoeatafast-foodlunchonthego.WecanthrowafrozenmealinthemicrowaveandcallitdinnerWecaneatwithoutthinking,infrontofthetube,atourcomputers,andwhiledrivingacar.4Studieshaveshownmeaningfullinksbetweenfamilymealsandkids'mentalandphysicalwell-being.Eatingsensiblydoesn'ttakemuchtimeormoney,butitdoesrequireyoutomakeaconsciousdecisiontodoso.Wrappedupinendlesswork,appointmentsandsocialactivities,weoftenfailtoenjoyarelaxingmealwithourfamilies.Whileitcanbeachallengetoalwaysputhealthyeatingfirst,justdoyourbest.Rememberthatthefoodyou