山东省德州市2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题（原卷版）

高中线上教学自测自评卷（英语）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。注意事项：.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第I卷（满分65分）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThisyear'sfavoritebooksofferamixtureofadviceonhowtocreateahappierandmorecompassionatesocietythroughshiftingourworldviewandimprovingoursocialinteractions.BittersweetWriterSusanCaindescribesbittersweetfeelingsas“atendencytostatesoflongingandsorrowandacuriousjoyatthebeautyoftheworld”.Embracingtheseemotionscanmakeourlivesmoremeaningfi.il.Suchfeelingscancreatemotivationtoreacharenewedsenseofpurpose.Whilesometimesunpleasant,theycanspurspiritualgrowthandfosterourconnectionwithothers.Platonic“Friendshipsarewronglyundervaluedinoursociety,“writespsychologistMarisaFranco.Ifsfriendshipsthatprovideuswithagreatsenseofbelongingandhappiness.Herbookshowsushowtogoaboutit—byreachingout,offeringaffectionandgenerosity.Francogivespracticalguidanceonhowtomanagepsychologicalblockstofriendship,pavingthewaytodeeperrelationships.HappierHourManypeoplefeeltheydon'thaveenoughhourstodoeverythingthey'dliketodo.ButresearcherCassieHolmesshowswhythisaltitudeiswrong-headed.Sheencouragesustoevaluateourcurrentuseoffreelimeandhowmuchpleasurewegetfromouractivities.Then,sheoffersevidcnce-bascdtipsonhowtousetimemorewisely一bylesseningtechnologyuse,developingrelationshipsandexperiencinggratitude.TheSecretLifeofSecretsIskeepingasecretabadthing?InprofessorMichaelSlepian'sbook,“Peopledoiftliketobealonewiththeirthoughts,andhavingasecretcancausefeelingsofisolationandunccrtainty.^^Therefore,it,sprobablygoodtofindadifferentwaytocope,liketellingyourtrustingfriends.Slepianofferstipsonhowlodecidewhethertokeeporrevealasecrettoavoidharmingrelationships.WhatdoesSusanCaintrytoconvinceusinherbook?Bitterfeelingscanchangeintosweetones.Unpleasantemotionblocksourmentalgrowth.Acceptingsorrowandhappinessmakesuswhole.Asenseoflongingmakesthebeautyoftheworld.Whichbookintereststhosewhohavetroublemanagingtime?A.Bittersweet.B.Platonic.C.HappierHour.D.TheSecretLifeofSecrets.WhataspectdoPlatonicandTheSecretLifeofSecretsbothinvolve?Pursuingwealthandhealth.Readingtostopisolationoflife.Revealingasecretforstablefriendship.Developinginterpersonalrelationships.BMercyBaggsisreflectingonherfuture.4€ShouldIliveto95,1woulddoanotherparachutejump,,5shcsays.Shefirstjumpedwhenshewas77inhonorofherachievementsasmayoroftheWiltshiretownofCaine.ThenshejumpedagainlastMarch,adaybeforeher90thbirthday,toraisefundsforWiltshireairambulance.“Thisisthethrillofit,“shesays."Yougoup,andthenthatdooropensandthewindstartstocomethrough.Youfreefallforalongtime."Shehasalwaysenjoyedriskssinceshewasachild,whenpeopleusedtolookdownonher.Butnobodydoesnow.Asachild,shelivedinpovertyandalsowentthroughupsanddowns,t4Iamverysensitivetopeoplewhoarcmoreunfortunate,''Baggssays.Asayoungadult,shejoinedtheBritishTransportCommissionpolice,butdealingwithchildrenwhocouldn'tfindtheirparentswastoomuchtobear.441knewwhattheyweregoingthrough.Ilikekids.1reallydo."LatersheleftthepoliceandworkedinWiltshirecouncil.Butnodoubtherchildhoodfedintoheractionsasacouncillor,andlatermayorinCaine,whereshehelpedtosetupadrop-incentreforyoungpeople.Thedrop-inwasoneofthecausessheraisedmoneyforwiththatfirstleapoutoftheplane.Butwhyaparachutejump?A((helime,herlatehusband,John,wasillwithbowelcancer.Hesaid,“Idowishyouwouldn'tdoit.''Shesaid,“John,it'slife.Tvegottodosomething.''Baggshasneverbeenfazedbyageing.Shesaysthatshewantedtoshowthatyoudon?lhavetositonyourbacksideknittingorwatchingtelevisionallthetime.There'saworldoutthere.There'salifeoutthere.Shehopesfbratleastonemoreskydive,maybeagoonaIOOmphzipwireand“apeacefulend”.WhydidMercyBaggsmakeherfirstparachutejump?Tocelebrateher90hbirthday.Tomakeotherslookuptoher.C.Toraisefundsforanairambulance.D.Tomarkhertermofofficeasmayor.Whatimpactdidherchildhoodexperiencesmakeonhercareer?Shedidparachutejumpsasapart-timejob.Sheshowedgreatconceniforunluckychildren.Shefounditverytoughtoworkwithyoungpeople.Sheleftthedrop-incentreandpreparedarunformayor.Whatdoestheunderlinedword^fazed^meaninthelastparagraph?A.Disturbed.B.Abandoned.C.Witnessed.D.Embarrassed.WhatdoesBaggsintendtoconveywithonemorejump?A.Ilisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Enjoylifewithherfamily.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D.Bebravetofacechallengesinlife.CAnincreasinglypopularwayofeatingcalledreducetarianismmaysoundlikeanewweightlosstrend.Butthat'snotthegoal;instead,reducetarianismisaboutcuttingdowntheamountofmeatyoueatandmakingsmallchangesthatarehealthyfbryouandtheplanet.“Butthevastmajoritydon'twanttogovegan"，saysBrianKateman,co-fbunderoftheRcducctarianFoundation.Sohehasasimplemessagefbrus:uDon'tletperfectionbetheenemyofthegood/'Comparedwithavegetarian,reducetarianstakeamoreflexibleapproachthatacknowledgeschallengesofgivingupmeatentirelybutstilllimitsmeatwhenpossible.Theoppositesideofeatinglessmeatiseatingmoreplantfoods.Animalproductsoftenreplacefreshfruits,vegetablesandwholegrains,leadingtolackofnutrientsfromthem.Amoreplant-baseddietcanhelplowertheriskofhealthproblemsincludingheartdisease,coloncancer,andobesity.Andresearchshowstheclimatetollfromraisingplant-basedfoodsislessthanthatcausedbyanimal-basedfoods.Thisislargelybecauseittakesmuchmoreland,water,andotherresourcestoproduceapoundofmeatthanplantprotein,saysDanaEllis,adietitian.Thetypeofmeatyoubuymatterstoo.Grass-fedmeat-fromanimalsraisedwithoutantibiotics（抗生素）一tendtobethemoresustainableoptions.Bygrazing,cowsencouragegrassgrowthandnutrientturnoverinthesoil,whichmayhelpoffsetcattle'sclimateimpact,accordingtoastudypublishedin2021.LookingforlocalproducethatrequiresnoairtransportandcuttingdownthefoodwastearealsosigniHcantaspectsofbeingarcducctarian.Themessageofreducetarianismisthatyoudon'thavetobeperfecttohelpyourselfandtheplanetbymakingsmallchangesinhowyoueatandshopfbrfood.Andthat'ssomethingweallcanaccomplish.Whatdoesreducetarianismreferto?A.Anovelweightlosstrend.B.Ahealthydietwithlittlemeat.C.Anideaofacceptingimperfection.D.Anapproachtobeingavegetarian.Whyshouldeatingmoreplantfoodsbeencouraged?A.Ithelpstofreepeoplefromdiseases.B.Itguaranteesallthenutrientsneeded.CItallowspeopletoobtainmoreprotein.D.Itcauseslessdamagetotheenvironment.Whoismorelikelytobeareducetarianaccordingtothepassage?A.AmeatloverB.Acowraiser.C.Akeenenvironmentalist.D.Adevotedvegetarian.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?A.Localproducecanoffermorenutrition.Reducetarianismissomethingimperfect.Anyamountoffoodwasteshouldbeavoided.Smallchangesindietbettermanandtheearth.DHereinthemiddleofLondon,somethingexlraordinaryisgoingon.Youcanhearaloudandunmistakablesoundofbeesdoingwhattheydobest:makinghoney.What'smorethey'reperformingtheirmagic,notintheleafyacresofnearbypark,butuponthebalconyofStErmin'sHotel.Whereasmosturbanresidenceswoulddotheirbesttokeepsting-bearinginsectsasfarawayfromguestsaspossible,thishotelopensitsdoorstothecapital'sbees.Thepersonwhotendsthis“BeeHotel“isCamillaGoddard.t4!nthelongrun,beesareamazingcreaturestoworkwith.Youcan'thelpadmiringthewaytheyoperate.Theyreallydoputthegoodofthecommunityfirst,“shesays.Aswellasprovidinganenjoyablepastime,modernbeekeepingisbecomingincreasinglycritical.AccordingtotheBritishBeekeepersAssociation（BBKA）,70differentUKcropsdependonbeesforpollination（授粉）.Withoutbeestoprovidepollination,one-thirdofallourfoodwouldn'tsurvive.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,WinstonChurchillwasafirmsupporterofbeesandmadesuretheygotextrasuppliestocarryonwiththeirpollinationwork,evenastheGermanarmydroppedtheirbombs.“Beesareindangerofdisappearingfromourenvironment,“warnsTimLovettoftheBBKA.Today,beenumbersaredownby50percent.Usingmoreandmorekind,agriculturalindustryreducesspotswherebeescanlive.Crop-protectingpesticideshavealsoledtohighdeathrateofbees.AnotherblowwasanAsianspeciesthatfirstarrivedinDevonandthenspreadacrossthecountry.Itsettledonthebeesandnotonlyweakenedtheirimmunesystembutcausedtheirwingstodeform（变畸形）sothatflyingbecameimpossible.Anxiousaboutthedeclineofbeekeeping,theBBKAhasproducedaschoolinformationpackentitled“BeesintheCurriculum”.Oncethechildrenhavebeenaroundbeesfbrawhile,theyunderstandtheservicethatbeesprovideforus,ratherthanseeingthemasthesourceofstings.WhatdoweknowaboutCamillaGoddard?Shehasnevergotbeestingsherself.Shetriestomakeherguestsbee-free.Sheadmiresthewayinwhichbeeslive.DSheownsabeehotelinaLondonsuburb.WhyisWinstonChurchillmentionedinparagraph3?Tocriticizethecruellyofwar.Tochangetheroleofbeesinthewar.Tohighlighlthevalueofbeepollination.Toawakentheconsciousnessofsavingcrops.Whichisadirectcauseofthereductionofbeehabitats?Modernagriculture.B.Foreignspeciesinvasion.C.Huntingfromhumans.D.Crop-protectingpesticides.15What'sthebesttitlefbrthetext?A.ThenumberofbeesisdecreasingsharplyModernbeekeepingisensuringourfutureC.BeeHotelischangingbees'fateintheUKD.Childrenareeducatedaboutihevalueofbees第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetheryou'reinterestedingrowingasmallfoodgardenathome,hydroponic（水栽法的）gardeningprovidesawaytogrowfresh,nutrient-richfoodinaquickly-changingworldwithlimitedresources.Whatisahydroponicgarden?16Plantscangrowindoors,yearround,inlessspacethantraditionalsoil-basedgardensinit.Thismeansifyouliveinatinyapartmentordon'thaveanoutdoorarea,youcanstillgrowfreshfood.Howdoeshydroponicgardeningwork?Plantsneedsunlight,waterandnutrientstogrow.17Butthebasisofhydroponicsisrootedingrowingthefoodinnutrient-enrichedwater.Ahydroponicsystemcanbeprogrammedtoensureaplantreceivessufficientwater,nutrients,lightandeventhecorrectPHleveltoprovideeachplantwithwhatitneedstosurviveandthrive.Whatplantscangrowhydroponically?Avarietyofdifferentfoodscanbegrowninahydroponicgarden.18Similartowhatyoucangrowinabackyardhanginggarden,themorepopularvegetablesgrowninhydroponicsincludeleafygreensandleHuces（生菜）.However,morecomplexsystemscanproducefruitingvegetablessuchastomatoes,cucumbers,peppersandmore.19Inadditiontobeingabletogrowfoodwithoutsoilandinsmallspaces,hydroponicgardeningcancontributetosolvingsocialandenvironmentalissues.Inregionswherepeopledon'thaveaccesstofreshvegetables,ahydroponicgardencanbepartofthesolution.Hydroponicplantscangrow40%to50%fasterandproduce30%morethantheplantsgrowinginsoil.20Insomecases,youcangrowproducethatisevenmorenutrient.A.Typically,plantsgetnutrientsfromsoil.B.Whatproducecanahydroponicgardenoffer?CWhatarethebenefitsofahydroponicgarden?Ahydroponicgardenuseswaterinsteadofsoil.Microgreensarcamongtheeasiestplantstogrow.Youcangrowmoreproduceinashorteramountoftime.Youcanpurchasearcady-to-gohydroponicgardenorbuildyourown.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Didgaisexceptional.Ihavethreeothercats,andsheisbyfarthemost21.In2017,Didgaperformedrecord-breaking24different22inunderaminute,whichgotherintotheGuinnessWorldRecords.Shehassurpassedallmy23andhelpedmeteachotherpeoplehowtogetthebestoutoftheircats.Iopenedmyownanimal-trainingbusinesswhenIthoughtaboutgettingacat—everyonesaidcatscan'tbetrained,butIwantedto24themwrong.Peoplewouldbeamazedathow25timeisrequiredtoteachyourpetquiteextraordinarythings.Istartedsearchingforpotentialkittenstoadopt.Iwenttoa26.andImetDidga.Theladytheresaid,"She'sreally27togetyourattention.^^\adoptedherandneverlookedback.Didgaknowsahandfuloftricksthattookoverayeartolearn.It'sanincredible28whenacatdoesatrickI'vebeentryingtoteachfbrsolong.Asatrainer,Iunderstandthepreparation,the29.andhowtobreakeverythingdownintobabysteps.30,youwouldn'tbeabletotrainacatiftheydidn'twantit,andI,dnever3Jonebeyonditscomfortzone.IfDidgadoesn'tlikeit,Istoporgoina32direction.IstartedaYouTubechanneltoteachpeopletohaveabetterrelationshipwiththeircats.Peoplearcfascinatedwhentheyseemyskateboardingcat,andveryfeware33.Didgahaschangedmylife.ShehastakenmetolevelsIwouldneverhave34.Iwonthelotto,sotospeak,35acatlikeDidga.21.A.confidentB.advancedC.familiarD.talented22.A.gesturesB.tricksC.jokesD.dances23.A.experimentsB.challengesC.predictionsD.instructions24.A.proveB.describeC.changeD.discover25.A.extraB.toughC.preciousD.little26.A.villageB.hospitalC.squareD.shelter27.A.tryingB.meaningC.pretendingD.promising28.A.reliefB.principleC.growthD.feeling29.A.awarenessB.patienceC.admissionD.responsibility30.A.ThereforeB.InsteadC.BesidesD.Somehow31.A.pushB.persuadeC.warnD.allow32.A.wiseB.standardC.differentD.safe33.A.puzzledB.negativeC.bearableD.cautious34.A.takenupB.dreamedofC.stucktoD.checkedout35.A.findingB.recognizingC.followingD.managing第n卷（满分55分）第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ConfuciusFamilyMansion(KongFu),knownasthe“mansionofpoetryandetiquette^,isaswellfamousfbritsexcellentcuisine.Oneofthedishesusestheginkgo(车艮杏)fruitsinthemansion36theingredients.Twoginkgotreesinthemansion,though37(plant)morethanonethousandyearsago,remainlush,tallandstrong.Thefruitsarebiginsizeandfull,38(emit)scents.Thechefsjusttaketheginkgofruitsoffthetreesandremovethepeel39thefruitsarestillfresh.Then,theyputthenutsintotheboilingwaterforashortwhile40(remove)theoff-smell.Whenthenutsarecrispyandtender,theyputthemintoaspecialjuicemadeofsugarandhoney,adishthusbeingmade,41tastessoftandexceptionallysweet.Thedishwas42(initial)namedas“HoneyGinkgoNuts"，whichpeopledidn'tthinkpresentableand43(accept).Sincetheginkgofruitswerefromthe“mansionofpoetryandetiquette,\thisdish44(rename)“GinkgoNutsofPoetryandEtiquette”,whichcarriedprofoundmeanings,notonlyrememberingthe“FamilyEducationofPoetryandEtiquelle”fromtheancestor,butalsoexpressingthe45(expect)that(heKongfamilywillbecomemoreprosperous.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，在生口前夕收到英国笔友George的祝福邮件。请你给George写一封回信。内容包括：.表达感谢；.分享生日愿望；.邀请他线上参加生日聚会。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearGeorge.Yours,LiHua第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段