高中英语 必修5unit1-Great Scientists-using language

Unit1UsinglanguageCopernicus’RevolutionaryTheoryNicolausCopernicusborn:inPolandin1473

died:May24,1543

Hewasoneofthefirstscientiststousemathematicalobservationstocollectinformation.Hebelievedthesunisthecenteroftheuniverseandtheearthandotherplanetswentaroundit.or？Whichisthecenterofthesolarsystem?BeforeCopernicus’theory

Copernicus’theorySunearthearth

SunDrawthetwotheoryoftheuniverseMainideaofeachparagraphthebackgroundofCopernicus’studythecauseofCopernicus’studytheprocedure(过程)ofCopernicus’studytheresultofCopernicus’studypara1para2para3para4para5Copernicus’theoryreplacedtheChristianideaandprovedcorrect.CarefulreadingReadthetextcarefully,thenanswerthesequestions.BecausethepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea.2.Whatwashistheoryabout?(Para1)

Allhismathematicalcalculationsledto

thesameconclusion:thattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.Whywouldhenottellabouthistheory?(Para1)3.Whathadtheastronomersnoticedinthesky?(Para2)

Theyhadnoticedthatsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtostop,movebackwardandthengoforwardinaloop.Othersappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothers.4.WhendidCopernicuscompletehistheory?(Para3)Between1510and1514heworkedonit,graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.SummaryCopernicuswas_________becausehefoundtheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolar________.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthe___________oftheotherplanetsinthesky___________.Hekeptimprovinghisnewtheoryuntilhefeltitwas__________in1514.Hesuggestedthattheearthwas_________asitwentroundthesun.

confused

pletespinningHisfriendswere___________andencouragedhimtopublishhisideas,butCopernicuswas________hedidn’twanttobe_________byChristianChurch.Infact,hewasright.TheChurch_________histheory,sayingitwasagainstGod’sidea.enthusiasticcautiousattackedrejectedLanguagepointscontribute1.contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助Everyoneiswillingtocontributefoodandclothes___thehomelesspeople.Eatingtoomuchfatcan______________heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.Participatinginthecontestwillbeagoldenchanceformetoshowmydancingskillsandmakesome____________totheclass.【我的笔记】1.contribute___有助于；促使；导致contribute...to...向…捐献/捐赠/投稿…2.contributionn.贡献；捐款make_______________________________to(doing)sth.对…作出贡献3.表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有:____________________________等。contributeto

tocontributionsacontribution/contributionscause,leadto,resultintoapartfrom除…之外;此外1)Apartfromanoccasionalnoisefromtheelephant’sstomach,theforestwassilent._______除了从大象的肚子偶尔传来声音,森林里非常寂静。2)Apartfromthat,therewereallsortsofdisasters._____________除此之外,还有各种各样的灾难。apartfrom既可表示besides的含义，也可表示except(for)含义besides“除了…之外还有…”，除去的东西包括在范围内，相当于inadditionto/aswellasexcept(for)“除…之外”,除去的东西不包括在范围内我的笔记：exceptbesides1.Thissentencehehasmadedoesn’tmakesense.＝Thissentencehehasmade_____________.2.Wereadthroughthepoem,butcouldnot______________it.3.Whatyousayistrue_____________.4.Innosense____________________;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.你决不应该灰心丧气。继续尝试，你迟早会成功的。6.________________ingettingupsetaboutitnow.2.makesense讲得通；有意义make___sense没道理；没意义makesenseof _____________asense从某种意义上来说innosense_______________________________Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做某事没道理/意义【我的笔记】inasenseThereisnosensemakesnosensemakesenseofshouldyouloseheartno理解；弄懂决不;决非(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)in1.I’msureitwillappealtoyou,foryou’vebeenenthusiastic______sports.2.She’sveryenthusiastic________(read)thenovelswrittenbyMoYan.3.Althoughshe’sabeginner,sheplayedwithgreat_____________(enthusiastic)．【我的笔记】3.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的1.beenthusiastic________对…有热情2.beenthusiastic___________.非常喜欢做某事3.____________n.热情；热心_____enthusiasm=enthusiasticallyadv.热情地；热心地

abouttoreadenthusiasmabouttodosthenthusiasmwith4.cautiousadj小心的；谨慎的cautionn小心；谨慎becautious__________...对…小心/谨慎______caution＝cautiouslyadv.小心地,谨慎地【我的笔记】①He

isusually

cautious_______

hiswork.他通常对他的工作持谨慎态度。②Youshouldcrossabusystreet______caution.＝Youshouldcrossabusystreet________(cautious).穿过一条繁忙的马路时要小心谨慎。aboutwithcautiouslyof/aboutwith5.rejectvt.拒绝(雇用、录取等)；不接受(提议、建议等)；抛弃；(因质量不好而)废弃rejectionn.写出下列句中reject的含义①Theyrejectedhisapplicationformembership. ②Itishardformetoreject

religiousbeliefs. ③He

rejectedthesuggestionshisfriendshadgiven.[辨析比较]

reject,refuse④Hekeptsilentand________toanswermyquestion.⑤Ihavebeen________byalltheuniversitiesIappliedto.

拒绝抛弃不接受refusedrejected【我的笔记】reject常用于正式场合，rejectsthrefuse普通用词，refuse(sb)sth,refusetodosth6.用arise,rise,raise的正确形式完成句子1.Whathesaid______mycuriosity.2.She______earlyinthemorning.3.She______herfingertoherlipsasasignforsilence.4.Anewdifficultyhas______.aroseroseraisesarisenraisevt.raisedraised举起，提高，引起

risevi.

rose

risen

上升，起立，升起arisevi.

arosearisen

产生，引起

【我的笔记】1.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.onlyif只要...,只有...位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。Eg.只有用这种方式工作，你才能够成功。Onlyifyouworkinthiswaywill

youbeabletosucceed.回顾：Only+状语置于句首，主句谓语用部分倒装。OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.

Onlyifyoukeepahealthydiet__________keepfit.OnlyafterMaryreadhercompositionasecondtime____________________thespellingmistake.

canyoudidshenotice拓展：Ifonly+句子。“要是...该多好啊！”用来表示一个不可能实现的愿望或假设，句子要用虚拟语气。Eg.Ifonlyyouhadtoldmeearlier.2.Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit，graduallyimprovinghistheory

untilhefeltitwascomplete.现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语Tonylentmethemoney,________(hope)thatIwoulddoasmuchaspossibleforhim.Doyouwakeupeverymorning_______(feel)energeticandreadytostartanewday?hoping

feeling3.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上,而行星则围绕着太阳转,只有月球仍然绕着地球转。with的复合结构:with＋n./pron.＋介词短语/形容词/副词/不定式/现在分词/过去分词(1)With+n./pron.+介词短语Hesattherewithasmileonhisface.(2)With+n./pron.+副词

WithMr.Smithaway,we’vegotmoreroom.(3)With+n./pron.+不定式

Withsomuchworktodo,hecouldnotgohome.(4)With+n./pron.+现在分词Thestreetwasquietwithnobusesrunning.(5)With+n./pron.+过去分词Incameamanwithhishandstiedback.(6)With+n./pron.+形容词Heworeashirt,withtheneckopen,showinghisbarechest.1.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork________(finish),hegladlyacceptedit.2.Withalotofwork_______(do),hewasnotallowedtogoout.3.Thegirlfeltverysafewithhermother_______(stand)behindher.finishedto