高中英语牛津译林版Unit3Protectingourselves unit

Unit3ProtectingourselvesFiveyoungAmericansspenttwomonthstravelingacrosstheUnitedStatesrecentlyonatwo­monthbusthiswasnotaromanticcross­countrytripofself­fiveyouthswereonamissiontoraisemoneytocombatAIDSindriverofayellowschoolbusrevsitsblack­and­whitemuralpaintedonthebus'ssideshowschildren'sfaces,thephrase“ClosetheGap”，andalargenumber“three”．AccordingtotheUNAIDSorganization,nearlythreemillionpeoplewerenewlyinfectedwithHIVinSub­SaharanAfricalastthreemillionpeoplearoundtheworldlastyeardiedofAIDS.FiveyoungAmericansspenttwomonthsoftheirsummeronthisrenovatedschooltraveledacrossthecountry,withstopsin23U．,andspeakingengagementsatdozensofschools,churchesandyouthrallies.Thefiveshareonemission—educatingyoungAmericansabouttheAIDScrisisinAfrica.Eighteen­year­oldNathanielElliotcameupwiththeideaafterhelearnedasoberingfact.“Twoyearsago,Ifoundoutthat,bythetimeIgraduatedfromhighschool,therewouldbemorethan40millionpeopleHIV­positive,andmostlyinAfrica,and,forsomereason,thatgrabbedme(caughtmyattention)，”said,theteenagerdecidedtoseewhathecoulddotohelp.“Originally,myfriendandIhadalwaysplanned,justforthefunofit,todriveacrossthecountry—noreason,justforfunforoursenioryear，”Elliotexplained.“But,whenIfoundoutthatfact,Irealizedwecoulduseitforsomethinggood,andnotjustourown,throughthat,theideaofbuildingschoolscamearound,youknow,spreadingawarenessisamajorgoal.”ElliotspreadthewordthathewaslookingforpeopletosharehismissionofeducatingyoungAmericans,andgettingthemanonymousdonorgavehimtheabout30peopleappliedforthehelpedselectfourofthem,ages17—23.Duringthecoast­to­coasttrek,thefiveyoungmenstoppedinWashingtontospeakataChristianyouthlooklikeaveragecollege­agedboys—shorthair,shortsortheystandapartfromthethousandsofyoungpeopleintheareeachwearingabrightorange­and­blackT­shirtemblazonedwithamapofAfricaandthenameoftheirmissionmotto:“LivingHope.”1．WhatisthemissionthatfiveyoungAmericansspenttwomonthstravelingacrosstheUSA?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．WhatdoyouthinkwecandotohelpthepeoplewhogetAIDSinAfrica?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】missionistoraisemoneytocombatAIDSandtoeducateyoungAmericansabouttheAIDScrisisinAfrica.2．略SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Preparing词义搭配1．bathe A．suddenandunexpected，ofteninanunpleasantway2．abrupt B．allthethingsthatneedtobedoneorthatneedtobe thoughtaboutorsolved3．Weep C．towashsomeoneinabath4．sneeze D．anattempttodosomething5．bid E．todecidethatsomethingistrueafterlookingatallthe evidenceyouhave6．agenda F．totreatbecauseoftheirreligion，race，orother personalfeatures7．conclude G．anactorsoundofsneezing8．discriminate H．tocrybecauseyoufeelunhappyorhavesomeother strongemotion【答案】短语填空burstonthescene；befamiliarwith；devote...to；dieof/from；aswellas；atarate；sofar；haveaccessto1．Everystudenthere____________thelibraryonweekends.2．Aterribledisease________________afterthebigearthquake.3．ThenumberofthepeoplewhogetAidsisincreasing________frightening________.4．We________________thecauseofthedisease.5．InAfrica，nowmorechildren____________Aids.【答案】accesstoonthescene3．ata；ratefamiliarwithof背诵下列教材中出现的句型，体会黑体部分的用法1．HIVisspreadingacrosstheworldatahighrate,withabout7,000peoplecatchingthevirusdaily.艾滋病毒在全球以高速度传播，大约每天有7000人受到感染。2．Theworkofinternationalorganizationsisevenmoreimportantwhenyouconsiderhowmuchmoreseverethesituationcouldbecome.当考虑到这一形势会变得多么严峻时，国际组织的工作就显得更加重要了。3．AlthoughmostpeoplearefamiliarwithAidsandhowitisspread，manypeoplethinkthatHIVandAidsareanAfricanproblem，becausetherearesomanyHIVandAidsvictimsinAfrica.虽然多数人熟悉艾滋病及其传播方式，但很多人认为艾滋病毒和艾滋病是非洲的问题，因为非洲的艾滋病毒携带者和艾滋病人特别多。从三个选项中选择最佳答案1．HowmanypeoplecatchtheHIVeverydayaccordingtothepassage?A．7,000. B．4million.C．740,000.2．WhichisnotthewaythattheHIVisspread?A．Throughunprotectedsex.B．Throughblood.C．Throughmosquitoes，acoughorsneeze.3．WhichisnotthemeasurethatthegovernmenttakestocontroltheAidsinChina?A．Toopenlabstomonitorthedisease.B．ToprovidefreedrugforAidspatients.C．Tosetuptreatmentcentres.【答案】完成下列表格AidstodayIntroduction(paragraph1)InanAfricanvillage,11­year­oldAjaniwasbathinghisyoungersisterwhenhismother，thesamediseasethattookhisfather.ThecauseofAids(paragraph2)AidsiscausedbyasomeonehasAids，hisbody'sbecomesoweakthathewilllosetheabilitytofightotherillnesses.ThespreadofAids(paragraph3)HIVisspreadinthreeways：throughsex，throughfromamothertoherchild.ThenumberofthepeoplewhogetAids(paragraph4)Nowthereare30millionpeoplelivingwithHIVhasbecomeaseriousproblemnotonlyinalsoaroundtheworld.ThemeasurestofightagainstAids(paragraphs5～8)InChina：openlabstodisease；startprovidingfreedrugsforAidspatients.Intheworld：theUNfoundedtheUNAIDStohelppreventthespreadofAids；toprovidepeoplewithHIVtestingandHIVorAidsmedicalcare；toteachyoungpeoplehowtopreventAids；tosetupConclusion(paragraph9)Fortunately，Ajaniandhissisterdidn'tgetHIVandiscaredforbytheirgrandfatherbelievesthatwellasmedicaltreatmentisthekeytostoppingthedisease.【答案】ofsystem4．unprotected8．treatmentcentresthefuture完成下面课文缩写InanAfricanvillage,eleven­year­oldAjaniwasbathinghisyoungsisterhismotherdiedofAids,thesamediseasethattookhisfather.Aidsiscausedbyavirus(call)hasAidswilllosetheabilitytofightotherillnesses,andthereisnocureAids.HIVisspreadingacrosstheworldahighrateinthreeways:throughunprotectedsex,throughbloodandfromamothertoherchild.Nowthereareover30millionpeople(live)withHIVworldwideandmorethan4millionchildrenhavediedofAids.Inabidtocontroltheproblem,manymeasures(take)inChinaandtheworld,whichnotonlyhelppreventAidsfrom(pass)on.Themeasuresalsohelpanumberofchildrenlosingbothparents.Itis(believe)thateducationaswellasmedicaltreatmentisthekeyto(stop)thediseaseinthefuture.【答案】beentakenSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints1．bathev.(给……)洗澡，沐浴(教材P34)InanAfricanvillage，eleven­year­oldAjaniisbathinghisyoungersister.在非洲的一个村庄，11岁的阿加尼正在给小妹妹洗澡。Ibatheeveryday.我每天洗澡。①bathesth.使……沐浴在……里bebathedinlight/sunshine/sweat沐浴在光线里/阳光下/被汗浸没②bathn.浴缸，浴盆；沐浴have/takeabath沐浴，洗澡Thereiswateronthewoodenbathmustbeleaking.地面上有水。这个木制的浴盆一定在漏水。Thebeachwasbathedinthegoldensunshine.海滩浸沐在金色的阳光里。完成句子①我紧张得浑身是汗。【导学号：29560017】IwassonervousthatI____________sweat.②他有睡前洗澡的习惯。Hehasthehabitof____________beforegoingtobed.③一轮满月将银色的月光撒满这一带乡间。Afullmoon________thecountryside________asilverlight.【答案】①wasbathedin②takingabath③bathed；in2．curen．药、药物；疗法；治疗；疗程(教材P34)Sofar，thereisnocureforAids.到目前为止，对艾滋病没有任何治疗方法。Thereisnoknowncureforthisdisease.这种病尚没有确切的治疗方法。Thecuretooksixweeks.此疗程花了六个星期。①acureforsth.治疗……办法beyondcure不可救药②curevt.治愈；治好；解决(问题)；改正curesth.治愈某人疾病；矫正某人的不良行为curesb./adisease治疗好某人/治愈某种疾病Canyoucurehimofhiscancer，doctor?医生，你能治愈他的癌症吗？Ifinallymanagedtocuretherattlingnoiseinmycar.我最终设法解决了我汽车发出的咯咯声。cure/treat/healcure意为“治愈”，常指治疗疾病、痛苦或革除恶习、弊害等，侧重结果；可构成curesth.结构。treat意为“治疗”，强调治疗的过程，常用treatsth.结构。heal意为“(使)愈合，治愈”，指治愈伤口尤其是灼伤，使愈合或恢复正常。Thedoctoristreatinghimandhewillgetcuredinthreedays.医生正在为他治疗，三日后他将痊愈。用cure，treat和heal的适当形式填空①Hiswound________afterthetreatment.②Whichdoctorisgoingto________himforhisillness?③Shetriedeverymeansto________herchildofthebadhabit.【答案】①healed②treat③cure3．(教材P34)HIVisspreadingacrosstheworldatahighrate，with_about_7,000_people_catching_the_virus_daily.艾滋病病毒在全球以高速度传播，大约每天有7000人受到感染。(1)spreadvt.&vi.伸展；展开；传播；蔓延(其过去式和过去分词均为spread)Thehousecaughtfireandthefirespreadquickly.那房子着火了，火势很快蔓延开来。Theforestspreadsfromheretotheriver.森林从这里一直延伸到那条河边。Thebirdspreadsitswings.鸟展开翅膀。①spreadoversth.把某物铺在……上spreadsth.把某物涂在……上spreadto传到，波及，蔓延到spreadout伸展身体；推开东西②spreadn.扩展；扩张；普及；流行；蔓延thespreadofdisease/knowledge疾病/知识的传播Doyouhavetospreadyourselfoutalloverthesofa!你就非得躺下，把整个大沙发全占了才行吗？Theyhavetakenmeasurestopreventthespreadofdisease.他们已经采取措施防止疾病的传播了。完成句子①各种报纸摊在书桌上。Papershadbeen____________onthedesk.②短短几个星期，他的信心感染了全体队员。Withinweeks，hisconfidencehad________throughouttheteam.③为了促进知识的传播，他来到这个村庄。Hecametothevillagetoencourage__________.【答案】①spreadout②spread③thespreadofknowledge(2)【要点提炼】withabout14,000peoplebeinginfected是属于with的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语，修饰谓语isspreading。with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾补”，有以下几种宾补形式。①with＋n./pron.＋adj.Helikestosleepwiththewindowopen.他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。②with＋n./pron.＋adv.Withthelighton，heissleepinginbed.灯亮着，他睡在床上。③with＋n./pron.＋介词短语Shecameinwithababyinherarms.她抱着孩子进来了。④with＋n./pron.＋doneWiththeproblemsettled，wewentonsmoothly.由于问题得到了解决，我们进展很顺利。⑤with＋n./pron.＋doingWithalocalguideleadingtheway，wegotthereeasily.由于当地向导带路，我们很容易到了那儿。⑥with＋n./pron.＋todosth.Withherhusbandtohelpher，sheworkeditout.由于她丈夫帮助她，她解决了这个问题。【提示】with的复合结构既可作状语，也可作定语。完成句子④还有10分钟，你最好快点。________________，you'dbetterhurry.⑤随着时间的流逝，他们都长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。________________，theyhavegrownintobigboysandbiggirls.【答案】④Withtenminutestogo⑤Withtimepassingby4．befamiliarwith对……熟悉(教材P34)AlthoughmostpeoplearefamiliarwithAidsandhowitisspread...虽然多数人熟悉艾滋病及其传播方式……Everyonewholivesnearabakeryisfamiliarwiththesmell.(＝Thesmellisfamiliartoeveryonewholivesnearabakery.)住在面包店附近的人都熟悉这种气味。befamiliarto为……所熟悉beonfamiliartermswith...和……交情好【提示】familiar后常接介词to，意为“为……所熟悉”，其主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人。familiar后接介词with意为“熟悉……”，其主语只能是人，而宾语是所熟悉的内容或物，有时也作“精通，通晓”解。其后接人时，可作“同……亲密”解。句型转换①Heisfamiliarwiththeplant'snames.→Theplant'snames____________________him.【答案】arefamiliarto完成句子②Thatgirllooksquite________________(我面熟)．③Areyou____________(熟悉)therulesofbaseball?【答案】②familiartome③familiarwith5．devote...to...奉献(人生、精力、时间、劳力等)于……；致力于……；忠诚于……(教材P35)DrDavidHo，aChinese­AmericanAidsexpert，hasdevotedhimselftobringingup­to­datetechnologyandinternationalattentiontoChina'sAidsproblem.美籍华裔、艾滋病专家何大卫博士一直致力于引进最新技术，吸引国际社会关注中国的艾滋病问题。Hedevotedhislifetoart.他终生献身艺术。Hedevotedhisenergiestowritingfilms.他倾力创作电影剧本。LeiFengdevotedhimselftohelpingothersinhislife.在雷锋的一生中，他热心帮助他人。①devotevt.致力；献身；倾注devoteoneselfto...献身于……；倾注于……②devotedadj.热爱的；忠实的bedevotedto...忠实于……；热心于……；专心于……③devotionn.热爱；投入devotionto...热爱……；专心于……；热心于……Weallshouldbedevotedtoourparents.我们大家都应该对父母有孝心。Icanbelievehim，becauseheisadevotedfriend.我能相信他，因为他是一位忠实的朋友。Hisdevotiontohiswifeandfamilyistouching.他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。用devote适当形式填空①Nowshe________mostofhertimetothiswork.②Mostofhissparetimewas________tothetranslationofthoseworks.③His________tomusicisplaintosee.【答案】①devotes②devoted③devotion6．dieof死于……(多指死于疾病、衰老、悲伤、饥饿等内部原因和精神上的原因)(教材P35)Between2000and2023，over68millionpeoplewilldieofAids.在2000年到2023年期间，超过6800万的人将死于艾滋病。Shediedofgriefsoonafterherhusband'sdeath.她丈夫去世不久，她因悲伤过度而死了。diefrom多指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、疾病、劳累过度等而死。diefor为……而死dieby(from，of)死于……，以……方式而死dieout绝种；灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消灭dieoff(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死dieaway(声音、光线、风等)渐弱；渐息；平息diedown(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱；渐息；(声音)静下来Hediedforhiscountry.他为国牺牲了。Thesoundofthecardiedawayinthedistance.汽车的响声在远处消失。Thisspecieshasnearlydiedoutbecauseitshabitatisbeingdestroyed.因栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种已濒临灭绝。选用上述词语填空①Astheregionisbecominghotter，thiskindofgrassis____________.②Theirchatterandlaughter____________asthegrouprushedoutoftheclassroom.③Whenalltheguestshadleft，thewholehouse____________.④Weneedtotakeactionbeforealltheendangeredanimals____________.【答案】①dyingoff②diedaway③dieddown④diedout7．(教材P35)Theworkofinternationalorganizationsisevenmoreimportantwhenyouconsiderhowmuchmoreseverethesituationcouldbecome.当考虑到这一形势会变得有多么严峻时，国际组织的工作就显得更加重要了。【句式分析】本句是复合句，when引导时间状语从句；how引导名词性从句，作动词consider的宾语。时间状语从句由when，as，after，before，till，until，assoonas，once，since，bythetime，themoment等引导。WhenIgothome，Motherhadcookedthemeal.当我到家时母亲已做好了饭。IwanttoseemyfriendafterIhavefinishedmyhomework.我做完作业后要去看望我的朋友。①Iwasabouttoaskthequestion__________________________(这时下课了)．【导学号：29560018】②____________________(约翰到达时)，Iwascookinglunch.【答案】①whentheclassended②WhenJohnarrived8．accessn．进入；接近；通道；门路；接近……的权利(教材P35)Theirgrandfatherisnowcaringforthem，andbecausetheirmotherhadaccesstoprescriptionAidsmedicineswhenshewaspregnant,theydidnotgetHIVfromher.他们的爷爷现在正在照料他们，而且由于他们的妈妈在怀孕期间使用了艾滋病处方药物，他们没有从她那里感染艾滋病病毒。①have/get/gain/obtainaccessto...得以接近/进入/会见……giveto答应让某人使用②accessibleadj.易进入的；易得到的，易使用的；易接近的beaccessibleto可接近的，可靠近的Fewmenhavedirectaccesstotheking.很少人能接近国王。Ihaveaccesstohisoffice.我可以进出他的办公室。access/entrance两者都有“通向……的通道”之意。access是正式用语，指从一处通向另一处的通道。用作比喻意义时，指接近某事物或某人的机会或方法。entrance也是正式用语，笼统地指建筑物的入口处，不指具体的门。还指“获得通过入口处的权利”的意思。Theonlyaccesstotheoldtempleisacrossthewoods.到那个古庙的唯一道路是穿过这片树林。Studentsmusthaveaccesstogoodbooks.学生必须有机会读到好书。Theycametotheentrancetotherailwaystation.他们来到火车站的进口处。Hehaspassedtheschoolentranceexamination.他已经通过了入学考试。句型转换①Manydivorcedfathersareallowedbylawtoseetheirchildrenonlyatweekends.→Manydivorcedfathersonly____________theirchildrenatweekends.②Theonlywayofreachingthefarmhouseisacrossthefields.→Theonly____________thefarmhouseisacrossthefields.【答案】①haveaccessto②accessto9．aswellas不仅……而且……；既……也/又……；和……一样好(教材P35)Hebelievesthateducationaswellasmedicaltreatmentisthekeytostoppingthediseaseinthefuture.他相信，教育以及治疗是在未来消灭这一疾病的关键。ThegirlisgoodatEnglishaswellasSpanish.这个女孩儿既擅长西班牙语又擅长英语。Hedoesn'tspeakEnglishaswellashisfriends.他英语说得不像他的朋友们那样好。①aswellas被看作复合介词，后接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语等；当后接动词时，多用­ing形式。aswellas表示“除……之外”时，相当于besides，inadditionto。②aswellas也可以是well的同级比较结构，表示“和……一样好”。③aswellas连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和aswellas前的主语保持一致。Heaswellashisstudentsisgoingtovisitthesciencemuseum.(＝Notonlyhisstudentsbutalsoheisgoingtovisitthesciencemuseum.)他和学生们将要去参观科学博物馆。完成句子①这孩子既健康又活泼。Thechildislively____________.②乔治和他兄弟一样都出国了。【导学号：29560019】George,aswellashisbrother,____________.③不仅他们愿意帮助你，我也愿意帮助你。Iaswellasthey____________.【答案】①aswellashealthy②hasgoneabroad③amreadytohelpyou学业分层测评Ⅰ.单词拼写1．WhenIcamein，motheris________(给……洗澡)thebaby.2．Theirfriendshipcametoan________(突然的)end.3．Weall________(流泪)whenhearingthebadnews.4．Gettingfitisatthetopofmy________.(日常工作事项)5．Twopeoplewere________(出价)againsteachotherforthemirror.6．Thedoctorgavehima________(处方)forhisheadache.7．Thestudyisworkingtowardsthe________(预防)ofcancer.8．Hekept________(打喷嚏)forhisflu.9．Thepolicechargedhimwithpossessionofa________(致命的)weapon.10．Markshowedno________(表面上的)signsofdistress.【答案】5．bidding8．sneezingⅡ.单句填空1．Thecountrysidewasbathed________brilliantsunshine.2．Tom'sparentstrytocurehim________hisbadhabits.3．Thestrikehasalreadyspread________otherfactories.4．Withwinter________(come),it'stimetobuywarmclothes.【导学号：29560035】5．IwillgoonwithmyworkunlessIgettheorder________thecontrary.6．Hehasdevotedhislifeto________(help)blindpeople.7．Ifeelitisyouaswellasyourwifethat________(be)toblameforyourson'sbadperformanceatschool.8．Thenameyoujustmentionedsoundsfamiliar________me.9．We'removedbyhis________(devote)tohisstudents.10．Idon'tknow________topronouncethisword.【答案】6．helpingⅢ.阅读理解A(2023·全国卷Ⅱ)MycolortelevisionhasgivenmenothingbutawasabletobuyitalittleoverayearagobecauseIhadmyrelativesgivememoneyformybirthdayinsteadofalotofclothesthatwouldn'tletasalesclerkfoolmeintobuyingadiscontinuedrealizedthisadaylater，whenIsawnewspaperadvertisementsforthesetatseventy­fivedollarslessthanIhadsetworkedsobeautifullywhenIfirstgotithomethatIwouldkeepitonuntilstationssigned_offforthe，Ididn'tgetanychannelsshowingall­nightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.ThenIstarteddevelopingaproblemwiththesetthatinvolvedstatic(静电)somereason，whencertainshowsswitchedintoacommercial，aloudnoisewouldsoundforafew，thisnoisebegantoappearduringashow，andtogetridofit，Ihadtochangetoanotherchannelandthenchangeitthistechniquewouldnotwork，andIhadtopickupthesetandshakeittoremovetheactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles(肌肉)shakingmyset.Whenneitherofthesemethodsremovedthestaticnoise，IwouldsithelplesslyandwaitforthenoisetogolastIendeduphittingthesetwithmyfist，anditstoppedworkingtriptotherepairshopcostme$62，andthesetisworkingwellnow，butIkeepexpectingmoretrouble.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者认为自己在售货员的欺骗下，购买了一台电视机，因为这种型号的电视机已停止生产，而且作者还多花了钱。不仅如此，作者在看节目的时候，电视还出现了静电噪音。文章着重描写了作者采取各种措施来消除这种噪音，比如换台、摇晃电视机等。最后作者花了很多钱修好了电视机。1．WhydidtheauthorsayhewasfooledintobuyingtheTVset?A．Hegotanoldermodelthanhehadexpected.B．Hecouldn'treturnitwhenitwasbroken.C．Hecouldhaveboughtitatalowerprice.D．Hefailedtofindanymovieshowsonit.【解析】细节理解题。A项“他购买的型号比自己所期望的要老”与文章第一段第三句话“我被售货员欺骗购买了一个已经停产的型号”有出入，可排除；B项“当电视坏了的时候，他不能退还”在文中没有提到；D项“他在这台电视上找不到任何电影”与第一段最后一句“幸运的是，我没有那种播放整夜电影的频道，否则一宿都不能睡觉了”信息不一致。根据第一段中的atseventy­fivedollarslessthanIhadpaid(比我所付的钱少75美元)可知C项“他本可以以更低的价格买这台电视”正确。【答案】C2．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephrase“signedoff”inParagraph1?A．endedalltheirprogramsB．providedfewerchannelsC．changedtocommercialsD．showedall­nightmovies【解析】词义猜测题。该短语前的Iwouldkeepiton说明作者非常喜欢看电视，一直看到电视台停止播放节目为止，故A项“结束所有的节目”与短语signoff“结束广播/电视节目”意义相近，为正确答案。B项“提供更少的频道”，C项“更换成广告”，D项“播放通宵电影”，均不符合此处语境。【答案】A3．HowdidtheauthorfinallygethisTVsetworkingagain?A．Byshakingandhittingit.B．Byturningitonandoff.C．Byswitchingchannels.D．Byhavingitrepaired.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二、三段的描述可知，当出现静电噪音并影响作者看节目的时候，作者采取了换台的方法，但是有时不起作用，排除C项；然后作者又采取了“举起来摇晃电视”及“用拳头击打”的方法，后来这一招也失效了，排除A项；B项“不断地开关电视”在文章中没有提到。再根据文章最后一句话Mytriptotherepairshopcostme$62，andthesetisworkingwellnow...可知作者最后只好花钱修理电视，且到目前为止电视还没有再出现什么问题，故选D项。【答案】D4．Howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingthestory?A．Curious. B．Anxious.C．Cautious. D．Humorous.【解析】推理判断题。这是一道判断作者讲述口吻的试题。文章第一段中的Fortunately，Ididn'tgetanychannelsshowingall­nightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.和第二段中当作者不断地摇晃电视来消除静电噪音的时候，他说Iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles(肌肉)．..(我居然开始练出胳膊肌肉……)等，体现了作者幽默的写作手法。curious好奇的；anxious焦虑的；cautious小心的。【答案】DBThebabyisjustonedayoldandhasnotyetleftisquietbutalert(警觉)．Twentycentimetersfromherfaceresearchershaveplacedawhitecardwithtwoblackspotsonstaresatitresearcherremovesthecardandreplacesitbyanother，thistimewiththespotsdifferentlythecardschangefromonetotheother，hergaze(凝视)startstoloseitsfocus—untilathird，withthreeblackspots，isgazereturns:shelooksatitfortwiceaslongasshedidatthepreviousshetellthatthenumbertwoisdifferentfromthree，just24hoursaftercomingintotheworld?Ordonewbornssimplyprefermoretofewer?Thesameexperiment，butwiththreespotsshownbeforetwo，showsthesamereturnofinterestwhenthenumberofspotsitisjustthenewness?Whenslightlyolderbabieswereshowncardswithpicturesofobjects(acomb，akey，anorangeandsoon)，changingthenumberofobjectshadaneffectseparatefromchangingtheobjectsitbethepatternthattwothingsmake，asopposedtothree?Nopaidmoreattentiontosquaresmovingrandomlyonascreenwhentheirnumberchangedfromtwotothree，orthreetoeffectevencrossesbetweenwhowererepeatedlyshowntwospotsbecamemoreexcitedwhentheythenheardthreedrumbeatsthanwhentheyheardjusttwo;likewise(同样地)whentheresearchersstartedwithdrumbeatsandmovedtospots.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员通过一些卡片上黑点的数量来检验婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度，发现当数量相对多的时候，比较容易引起婴儿的注意，使他们变得更加兴奋。5．TheexperimentdescribedinParagraph1isrelatedtothebaby's________.A．senseofhearing B．senseofsightC．senseoftouch D．senseofsmell【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Shestaresatitcarefully.“婴儿认真地盯着看”可知，研究人员研究的是孩子的视觉。A项指“听觉”；C项指“触觉”；D项指“嗅觉”，这与原文中的stares反映的信息不一致。【答案】B6．Babiesaresensitivetothechangein________.A．thesizeofcardsB．thecolourofpicturesC．theshapeofpatternsD．thenumberofobjects【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Asthecardschangefromonetotheother，hergaze(凝视)startstoloseitsfocus—untilathird，withthreeblackspots，isgazereturns...可知，随着卡片上黑点数量的变化，婴儿的注视也发生变化，表明了婴儿对于数量的变化比较敏感。A项size指卡片的大小；B项指图画的颜色；C项指结构的形状，这些与原文的信息不一致。【答案】D7．Whydidtheresearcherstestthebabieswithdrumbeats?A．Toreducethedifficultyoftheexperiment.B．Toseehowbabiesrecognizesounds.C．Tocarrytheirexperimentfurther.D．Tokeepthebabies'interest.【解析】细节理解题。第二段中研究人员先是通过卡片上的黑点来测验婴儿对于数量的变化的敏感程度；根据第二段中的Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses...threedrumbeatsthanwhentheyheardjusttwo；likewise(同样地)whentheresearchersstartedwithdrumbeatsandmovedtospots.可知，研究人员又做了击鼓的实验，这样做的目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度，故选C。A项“减少实验的难度”；B项“看看婴儿怎样辨别声音”；D项“保持婴儿的兴趣”，在文中均找不到支持信息。【答案】C8．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Sciencefiction. B．Children'sliterature.C．Anadvertisement. D．Asciencereport.【解析】文章出处题。本文提到了experiment和researchers等，可知是一些研究人员做了一个实验，来检验婴儿们对于数量的变化是不是敏感，所以本文属于一个科学研究报告，因此选D。A项表示“科幻小说”；B项表示“儿童文学”；C项表示“一则广告”，均与本文的内容不符。【答案】DⅣ.翻译句子1．在两个人的搀扶下，老人走进房间。(with的复合结构)【导学号：29560036】________________________________________________________________2．别人在工作时，请别高声谈话。(when)________________________________________________________________3．虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。(though)________________________________________________________________4．没有人能治好他的病。(cure)________________________________________________________________5．所有的孩子都很熟悉这个故事。(familiar)________________________________________________________________【答案】oldmancameintotheroomwith2mensupportinghim.2．Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhenothersareworking.3．Thoughitwasraininghard，yettheywentonplayingfootball.4．Nobodycancurehimofhisdisease.5．Allthechildrenarefamiliarwiththestory.Ⅴ.语法填空JohnAllen,Americanscientistoncesaid,“TheInternetistheworld'slargestlibrary,butallthebooksinitareonthefloor！”Whathemeant(be)thattheInternetisfullofinformationbutitcanbedifficulttofindyoureallyneed.TheInternethasanother(advantage).Anyonecancreateawebsite,soyoucanfindwebsitesaboutwhateveryoucanimagine.Unfortunately,alotofwhat(write)onthemisn'talwaystrue!Atthesametime,theInternetprovidesmanyotherthings.Onsomewebsites,youcandownloadmusicandfilms.Theyareusuallyverycheapandsomeareevenfree.Onsomeotherwebsites,youcanconnectwithpeopleallovertheworld.Andtherearesomegreatonlineshops,too.Forexample,oneBay,peoplesell(use)clothes,CDsandevencarsatverylowprices.ItistruethattheInternet(change)thewayweworkandcommunicate.Butweshouldn'tdependontoomuch.SomepeoplearealsoafraidthatsurfingtheInternethastakentheplaceofotherhealthieractivities,(especial)foryoungpeople.Whetheryouloveitorhateit,though,you'dbettergetusedtoitbecauseit'srightheretostay.【答案】5．iswrittenchanged9．itSectionⅢWordpower&Grammarandusage1．(教材P38)First_of_all，Danielshouldstay_away_fromfoodcontainingalotofsugar.首先，丹尼尔应该远离那些含大量糖的食物。(1)firstofall第一；首先；最重要(的是)Firstofall，letmeintroducemyselftoyou.首先，让我向你做自我介绍。firstofall/first/atfirst/firstlyfirstofall意为“第一；首先”，相当于first，常用于句首。first用作副词时，意为“第一；首先”，一般用于说明顺序。atfirst与atthebeginning同义，意为“起初；起先”，主要是对应“后来(later)”而言的，常用于转折并列句的第一个分句前。firstly它只用于列举事实论点常与secondly/thirdly连用。Workmustcomefirst.工作必须放在第一位。Atfirst，hedidn'trealizetheimportanceofstudy.起初，他没有意识到学习的重要性。用first/atfirst/firstly/firstofall填空①________IfoundEnglishdifficult.②Youmustfinishyourwork________.③Itwasveryhot________，butthenitgotcooler.④WhenI________metyou，Ithoughtyouwereafineman.⑤Let'sseewhogetsthere________.⑥“AreyouinterestedinChinese？”“Yes，butIwasn't________.”⑦________brushyourteeth，secondly(second)washyourface.⑧________，youmustanswermyquestion.【答案】①Atfirst②first③atfirst④first⑤first⑥atfirst⑦Firstly/First⑧Firstofall(2)stayawayfrom离开；不靠近；与……保持距离Stayawayfrom'vegotabadcold.别靠近我，我患了重感冒。Askthechildrentostayawayfromthefire!让孩子们远离火！stayaway外出；缺席getawayfrom摆脱；从……出发takeawayfrom夺走；抢走keepawayfrom远离……；不让接近；使离开breakawayfrom脱离……runawayfrom突然从……跑开beawayfrom离开(表状态)Herillnesskeptherawayfromworkforseveralweeks.她病得好几周都上不了班。Hebrokeawayfromhisfatherandranintothefields.他摆脱了他爸爸跑进了田地。完成句子我要你离我女儿远远的。⑨Iwantyouto____________mydaughter.【答案】⑨stayawayfrom2．getoutofthehabitof(＝kickthehabitof＝breakthehabitof)戒掉……的习惯(教材P38)Heshouldalsogetoutofthehabitofhavingsnackslateatnightandkeepawayfromsoftdrinks.他应该改掉晚上很晚还吃零食的习惯，而且应该远离软饮料。Hegotoutofthehabitofsmoking.他戒掉了抽烟的坏习惯。bein/fallinto/getinto/developthehabitof(doing)sth.有/养成(做)某事的习惯have/beinthehabitof有……的习惯outofhabit出于习惯HehasgotintothehabitofturningontheTVassoonashegothome.他习惯了一回家就打开电视。Ionlydoitoutofhabit.我这么做只是出于习惯。完成句子①我早上一到六点就醒，这习惯改不掉了。Ican't____________wakingatsixinthemorning.②我已养成一到家就打开电视机的习惯。I've____________switchingontheTVassoonasIgethome.③不要批评他了，他这么做完全是出于习惯。Don'tscoldhim.Hedidthistotally__________.【导学号：29560020】【答案】①getoutofthehabitof②gotintothehabitof③outofhabit3．usedtodosth.过去常常做某事(教材P38)Heusedtowakeupearlyattheweekendandplayfootball，buthenolongerdoes.他过去常常在周末早起踢足球，但是他现在不这样做了。Weusedtoswiminthisriver.我们过去常常在这条河里游泳。usedtodo的否定形式为didn'tusetodo或usednot(usedn't)todo。usedtodo的反义疑问句形式为didn't...？/usedn't...?beusedtodo/fordoing...被用来做……beusedas...被用作……be/