Unit2课件现代大学英语1

Lesson4TheBoy

and

theBankOfficer

PhilipRossWarm-up:

BankVocabulary(1/2)A.T.M.(automatictellermachineamountinfigures

amountinwords

annualinterestrate

applyfor/grantaloan

Bank/pass/accountbookbillblankcheck/chequebyinstallmentcash

change

check/chequeaccount

chquebook/checkbook

clerkcoin

collateral

commercial/merchantbank

自动取款机

小写金额

大写金额

年利率

申请/批准贷款

存折

钞票

空白支票

分期付款

现金

找零

支票帐户

支票簿

柜台职员

硬币

担保物

商业银行

countercreditcardcurrentaccountdailyinterestaccountdebtdenomination/facevaluedepositaccountdimedraw/withdrawearninterest

exchangerate

expenseaccountextensionfillout/inaformfullrefund

moneyinfives/tens

jointaccount柜台信用卡活期存款帐户按天计息帐户债务

面额

定期存款帐户

(美加)十分硬币提款

赚取利息

汇率公款支付帐户延期填写全额偿还

五元/十元面额联名帐户

Howmanyofthefollowingbank-relatedwordsdoyourecognize?Warm-up:

BankVocabulary(2/2)loan

moneyordermonthlysavingsaccountmortgagemutualfundnickelopenanaccountordercheck/chequeounceoverdraw/overdraft

password/code

payslip/enveloppayday贷款汇票按月计息帐户抵押基金

(美加)五分硬币

开户

记名支票盎司1/16磅

透支

密码薪水单发薪日penny

quarterrebaterubbercheck/chequesavingsaccountservicechargesignaturecardstatementtellerbalanceofaccounttraveler’scheck/chequeWorldBankIMF分币(美加)25分回扣空头支票储蓄存款帐户

服务费/手续费

签名卡对帐单出纳

帐户余额旅行支票世界银行国际货币基金组织

ChaseBankCitiBankHongKongShanghaiBankingCorporationFederalReserveBank大通银行

花旗银行

汇丰银行

(美国)联邦储备银行Warm-up:

MyExperiencewithbanksIngroupsoffour(justpeoplearoundyou),taketurnstosharestoriesofyourownexperiencewithbanks.Trytothinkofanunusualexperiencetoreporttoyourgroup.CheckonPreviewWhydidtheauthorthinkabouthisfriendwhenhewalkedintothebank?Whatwastheauthor’sviewofbanks?Whattroubledidtheboyhavewithdrawingmoneyfromhisownaccount?Howdidhearguewiththeofficer?Howdidtheauthorinterfereonbehalfoftheboy?Whatwasthetruestory?FurtherdiscussionHowdoyouunderstandtheauthor’sfriend’sattitudetowardbanks?Whatcanbanksdoforus?Andwhataboutchurches?Arethereanydifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenbanksandchurches?Whatdoyouthinkoftheendingofthestory?Whateffectmayitbringtothestory?TextAnalysisPlotSettingProtagonists:LanguagestyleTextstructure:Theme(s):TextAnalysis(1/3)Plot:

aman’sinterferenceinaboy’sfrustratedattempttowithdrawmoneyformabank.Setting:

inabankoftheWestSideofNewYorkatnoononeday.Protagonists:

aboy,abankofficer,and“I”.Languagestyle:

informal,colloquial,shortsentences,simplewords,exaggeratedlanguage,useofslang(shakesb.down),lotsofdialogues.Textstructure:

nextpage.Theme(s):

forlater.TextAnalysis(2/3)Part1paragraph(s)

Part2paragraph(s)

Part3paragraph(s)

Theauthor’spreconceptionaboutbanks.Thefailureoftheboy’sattempttowithdrawmoneyfromthebankandtheauthor’sfruitlessinterference.Thebankofficer’sclarificationofthesituation.1:

2~23:24~32:TextStructureWritingTechniques

Hyperbole

Afigureofspeechinwhichconsciousexaggerationisusedwithouttheintentofliteralpersuasion.Itmaybeusedtoheighteneffect,ortoproducecomiceffect.

A利用数词B利用极端概念C利用形容词和副词D利用形容词和副词的最高级E利用介词短语F利用名词WritingTechniquesHyperbole:moreexamples燕山雪花大如席

—

李白《北风行》小小大同县，三爿豆腐店，城里打屁股，城外听得见。

—

徐孝鱼《盗墓者的足迹》

WritingTechniquesHyperbole:moreexamples1)Hiseyesfellonthepage,buthismindwasamillionmilesaway.2)Iamthirstytodeathforthebook.3)Shakespeareisuniversallywellknown.Theme(s)Pride&PrejudiceTextAnalysis(3/3)Theme(s)TraditionallyintheWest,somepeople,especiallypoorpeople,andpeoplewhosympathizewiththemhaveregardedbanksasevilenemiesofthepoor.Suchsuspicionsandmisgivingsobviouslystilllingeron.Thisarticleseemstoprovethatsuchprejudicesofpeopleliketheauthoragainstbanksareungrounded.

Orsimplythatpeopleholdprejudicesandtendtoembarrassesthemselveswhentheyjumptoconclusionstooreadily.

AssignmentSupposethestorydoesendhere.Theauthorwasjustgettingoutofthebankafterapologizingtothebankofficerwhentheboytookhisparenthere.Theboyintroduceseverybodytoeachother.Whatwouldhappennow?Ingroups,designamini-playtoendthestory.Threegroupswillbeaskedtoperformyourgroup’sversionofendinginfrontoftheclass.

Theonlydifferenceisthatabank’sgoodshappentobemoney,whichisyoursinthefirstplace.

(P1L2)

happentodo/be:todo/besth.bychance翻译：Themanthatknockedyououtjustnowactually“happenstobe”thehusbandofthewomanyouwereflirtingwith.刚才把你打晕的人实际上“碰巧”就是跟你调情的那个女人的丈夫。翻译：当时我碰巧就在附近钓鱼，所以亲眼看到了那人如何跳入水中去救人但却最终成为被救的人的过程。Ihappenedtobefishingnearbyandsosawhowthemanjumpedintothewatertosavetheotheroneandhowheturnedouttobetheonethathadtobesaved.Part1:Words&Expressions

Theonlydifferenceisthatabank’sgoodshappentobemoney,whichisyoursinthefirstplace.

(P1L2)

inthefirstplace:usedtointroduceaseriesofpointsinanargumentortotalkaboutwhatshouldhavebeendone翻译：一开始（/当初）你本来就不应该跟他撒谎。Youshouldn’thaveliedtohiminthefirstplace.翻译：WhyamIlate?Inthefirstplaceit’ssimplyacrimenottooversleepinsuchweather.Inthesecondplace…我为什么迟到了？首先，这种天气不睡过头简直是犯罪。第二……Part1:Words&Expressions

PartI(para.1)Theunfavorableopinionofthenarrator’sfriendonbanks(actuallythatofthenarrator’s):Theyactlikechurches.Part1:DifficultsentencesIfbankswererequiredtosellwalletsandmoneybelts,theymightactlesslikechurches.

(P1L3)likechurches:Theword“church”hascertainassociations.PeopleusuallythinkofachurchasthespokesmanofGod,asapowerfulorganizationthatcontrolsyourlifeandcaninterfereinyourlife.Tobelikechurchesmeanstoactauthoritatively.

Paraphrasing:

Eventhoughbankssellfinancialserviceinsteadofcommongoods,theyarestillbusinessorganizationsinsteadofchurches.Thusitisridiculousforthemtoactlikechurchesbyactingauthoritativelyandinterferinginotherpeople’slivesinsteadoffocusingontheirfunctionandpositionasabusinessorganizations.PartTwo(paras.2-23)Thefailureoftheboy’sattempttowithdrawmoneyfromthebankandtheauthor’sfruitlessinterference.Thenarrator’simpressionofthebankofficerandtheboy.(Paras.2-4)1.Thebankofficerlookedlikeamaninpowerthere.2.Theboydidn’tlooklikeacustomerinaWestSidebank.PartIIWordsandExpressions…openacheckingaccount.checking/currentaccount支票（活期）账户savings/fixed/depositaccount储蓄（定期）账户open/close/settle/keepanaccount开/注销/结/记账（户）Othermeanings:Giveabriefaccountof…Onaccountof…Takeaccountof…/takesth.IntoaccountAccountfor…Count/discount/counter/accountantPart2:WordsandexpressionsItwaslunchtimeandtheonlyofficerondutywasafortyishblackmanwithshort,pressedhair,apencilmustache,andaneatlypressedbrownsuit.

(P3L1)pressedhair:

straightenedoruncurledhairapencilmustache:

athinmustachelikealinedrawnwithapencilapressedsuit:

asuitwithoutcreasesafterironingpencilMustachebeard&mustachegoatee&mustachesideburnsStudy“fortyish”onthenextpagefortyish:atabouttheageoffortythesuffix“-ish”:Somewhat,nearto,approximately:reddish,yellowish,grayish,darkish,fortyish;Inthemannerof,like:foolish,childish,girlish,boyish,womanish,snobbish;Ofacountry:Irish,Polish,Finnish,Spanish.翻译：Theirgirlishgigglesmakehimquiteself-conscious.那些女孩咯咯咯的笑声让他很不自在。翻译：那些桃花看起来似粉非粉，漂亮极了。Thosepeachflowerslookbeautifullypinkish.Part2:WordsandexpressionsEverythingabouthimsuggestedacarefullydressedauthority.(P3L2)Part2:Words&Expressionsn.

thepoweryouhavebecauseofyourofficialpositionorbecausepeoplerespectyourknowledgeandexperienceExamples:1)Noneofusquestionedmyfather’sauthority.2)Williamspokeinthevoiceofauthority.n.(theauthorities)organizationsthatareinchargeofaparticularcountryorareaExample:

BritishpoliceareincooperationwiththeMalaysianauthorities.

Everythingabouthimsuggestedacarefullydressedauthority.(P3L2)Everythingabouthim—hisclothes,manner,etc.indicated/givespeopletheimpressionthathewascarefullydressedtoexhibitanairofdecisiveimportanceandpower.Part2:DifficultSentencesParas.5-9:Thenarrator’sinterestintheboyandhisargumentwiththebankofficer.Theboycontinuedtoholdmyattentionbecauseofwhathappenednext.

(p5)Part2:Words&ExpressionsPay/giveattentionDraw/catch/attract/get/haveattentionIopenedtheaccountmyself,sowhycan’tIwithdrawanymoney?(P6L3)v.

a.totakemoneyoutofabankaccountb.toremovesth.ortakeitawayortakeitback,oftenbecauseofanofficialdecisionc.nottotakepartind.toleaveaplace,especiallyinordertobealoneorgosomewherequiete.tobecomequieter,lessfriendly,andmoreconcernedaboutyourownthoughtsExample:Lizwithdrew$100fromheraccount.Shewithdrewadocumentfromherbriefcase.InjuryforcedClaretowithdrawfromevent.Wewithdrewtothegardenforaprivateconversation.Thelittlegirlseemedtowithdrawintoaprivateworld.

withdrawal

n.

Part2:Words&Expressions“Butthatdoesn’tseemfair,”theboysaid,hisvoicebreaking.(P8L1)hisvoicebreaking:hisvoicebecomesunnaturalbecauseofnervousness,excitement,oranger.theabsoluteconstruction:(with)logicalsubject+presentparticiple/pastparticiple(indicatingpassivity)/infinitive(indicatingfuturityoraim)/prepositionalphrase(indicatingastate)/adj.(indicatingastate),usedasadverbials翻译：Therebeingnotaxisatsuchanhourofthenight,wehadtowalkhome.这么晚了，没有出租车了，所以我们不得不走着回家。翻译：工作做完了之后，David坐下来喝了一杯茶Theworkdone,Davidtookaseatandenjoyedacupoftea.翻译：狗在后面疯了似的追，猫只好疯了似的跑。Thedogchasingherlikeamaddog，thecathadtorunlikeacrazycat.翻译：他满眼泪水的跟她吻别。Hekissedhergoodbyewithtearsinhiseyes/withhiseyesfulloftears.Part2:GrammarPointsNowifyou’llexcuseme.Thisexpressionisusedwhenonewantstogobacktoone’swork,ortoattendtoothercustomers,orjusttoendtheconversation.Paras.10-23:theboy’sattempttohelptheboy.1.Thenarratorarguedwiththebankofficerfortheboy.2.Thebankofficerwouldn’tlisten.3.Theboyleft.Ididn’tthinktwice.(P11L1)v.

tothinkverycarefullybeforedecidingtodosth.,becauseyouknowaboutthedangersorproblemsExample:

Iwillthinktwicebeforetakingoutsuchalargeloanagain.Thinktwicebeforeyouleap.Part2:Words&Expressions“Itmayseemridiculoustoyou,”herepliedinavoicerisingslightlyinirritation…(P14L1)avoicerisingslightly:nonfiniteverbs(presentingparticiples/pastparticiples(indicatingpassivity)/infinitives(indicatingfuturityoraim))usedasmodifiers翻译：站在马路边吃烤红薯吃得津津有味的那个老外是我们的口语老师。TheforeignerstandingonthesidewalknibblingatandrelishingabakedsweetpotatoisouroralEnglishteacher.翻译：被他吃掉的那个烤红薯看起来决不会低于一斤。Thesweetpotatofinishedupbyhimlooksinnowaylessthanhalfakiloinweight.翻译：看他吃那么香，快下班的交通协管员也买了一个。Temptedbythewayherelishedthesweetpotato,theassistanttrafficregulatorsoontobeoffdutyalsotookone.

Study“inirritation”onthenextpage.Part2:DifficultSentencesinirritation:

inanannoyedmanner.“in+feeling”phrase:

inthestateofHuggingthesonbackfromthewarafterfiveyears,themothercriedinhappiness.Theyoungpeoplescreamedandjumpedinjoy.Hestoodinfrontofhisfather’sgraveinsorrow.Facedwithsuchatotallyunexpectedresult,hefrozethereinastonishment.“Howdoyouknowmayname?”sheaskedinsurprise.Paraphrasing：…herepliedinaloudervoicewhichshowedthatthemanwasalittleannoyedandimpatient…Ihadmyopening.

(P16L1)Paraphrasing:

Ifoundagoodchancetodoorsaysomething.Also:Ihadmywindow.1美元券的正面头像为美国第一任总统华盛顿,背面图景为正中大写"ONE"；2美元券正面为杰斐逊,背面为1776年宣告独立图；5美元券正面为林肯,背面为林肯纪念堂；10美元券正面为美国第一任财政部长汉密尔顿,背面为美国财政部；20美元券正面为第七任总统杰克逊,背面为白宫；50美元券正面为格兰特,背面为美国国会；100美元券正面为富兰克林,背面为美国独立堂。Part2:DifficultSentencesImovedinforthekill.

(P19L1)IthoughtnowIhadastrongargumenttosilenceandembarrassthebankofficerbyconvincinghimthathewaswrongandbeingunfairtotheboy.SoIusedtheargument.Theauthorwasusingthisexaggeratedexpressionforahumorouseffect.Definitelyhedidn’tliterallymeantokillthebankofficer.Suchexaggerationinspeechandwritingtoachieveadramatichumorouseffectisarhetoricdevicecalled

hyperbole(afigureofspeechinwhichconsciousexaggerationisusedwithouttheintentofliteralpersuasion.Itmaybeusedtoheighteneffect,ortoproducecomiceffect).Exerciseonhyperboleonthenextpage.Izeroedinontheofficer.(Literally:Iaimedagunattheofficer.)Hiseyeslingeredonthepage,buthismindiswonderingamillionmilesaway.Iwillneverseparatefromyouuntilthesea’sgonedryandtherocksmeltwiththesun.BillGatesroundedupawealthbeyondcalculation.Thesmellofhisfeetiskillingme.飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天。Part2:DifficultSentencesA利用数词B利用极端概念C利用形容词和副词D利用形容词和副词的最高级E利用介词短语F利用名词Rewritethefollowingsentencebyusinghyperbole:Thanksalot.I’mveryhungry. Heisveryeloquent.Wisdomismoreimportantthanbooks.Theylaughedheartily.Thanksamillion.I’mstarving./I’msohungrythatIcaneatahorse.Hiseloquencewouldsplitrocks.Anounceofwisdomisworthamilliontonsofbooks.Theyalmostdiedlaughing./Theyroaredintolaughteruptotheroof.Izeroedinontheofficer.

(P20L1)v.a.

toaimguns,etc.atorfindtherangeof(aparticulartarget)b.tofixattentiononsb./sth.;focusonsb./sth.Example:1)Artillery(火炮)andmortars(迫击炮)

werezeroedinonallavenuesofapproach.2)Weshouldzeroinonthekeyissuesfordiscussion.Part2:Words&ExpressionsIturnedtotheboywithashrug.(P22L1)shrug:n.orv.,(thebodymovement)toraisetheshoulders,especiallyasagestureofdoubt,distain,orindifference.Culturalnote:

Bodylanguageasameansofnon-verbalcommunicationisasimportantastheverballanguage.TounderstandthemeaningofcertaincommonlyusedgesturesandbodymovementsoftheEnglish-speakingworldisquitenecessarytoEnglishlearners.Onthenextfewpagesaresomeexamplesforyoutostudy.Part2:WordsandexpressionsBodyLanguage

“Idon’tknow”.good-bye.good,acceptable,orokay.BodyLanguage“stop”.goodluck.victory.BodyLanguage“comehere”.youwanttointerrupttosaysomething.BodyLanguage“it’snotgood”orfailure.

“giveittome”.

I’mveryangry.

CanIhaveafreeride?“Youarereallygettingcheated,”Isaid.(P22L1)“Togetcheated”isanotherwayofsaying“tobecheated”withemphasisontheactionratherthanthestate.Theuseof“get”conveythesensethatthedoerhasanactivepartintheaction.ItiscommonininformalEnglish.Noticethatthesentenceisinthepresentcontinuouspassive.Moreexamples:JoegotarrestedfordrunkendrivinglastSaturdayevening.Thepoorboysnevergotinvitedanywhere.Pleasegivemefiveminutes:Imustgetchanged.Smokingsoheavily,youaregettingyourselfkilled.Part2:GrammarPoints

PartIII(paras.24-32):Thenarratorrealizedwhythebankofficerrejectedtheboy’srequesttowithdrawmoney.1.Thebankofficercriticizedthenarratorforinterference.2.Thebankofficerexplainedwhyhehadn’tallowedtheboytowithdrawmoney.…youreallyshouldn’thaveinterfered.

(P24L1)v.

todeliberatelygetinvolvedinasituationthatdoesnotconcernyouandinawaythatannoyspeopleExample:Iwishyoustopinterfering–you’vecausedenoughproblemsalready.theinterferingoldbusybody爱管闲事的老家伙interferewith:topreventsth.fromsucceedingorfromhappeninginthewaythatwasplannedExample:Anxietycaninterferewithchildren’sperformanceatschool.Part3:Words&ExpressionsCompareintervene:v.

todosth.tostopaquarrel,orawar,ortodealwithaproblem,especiallyonethatyouarenotdirectlyinvolvedinExample:1)Thepolicedon’tusuallyliketointerveneindisputesbetweenhusbandandwife.2)TheFederalReserveBankhadtointervenetoprotectthevalueofthedollar.…youreallyshouldn’thaveinterfered.(P24L1)Should(not)/ought(not)tohavedone:

expressionofcriticism,indicatingsomeunwantedbadresultshavebeencausedorsomethingwas(not)done.（本（不）该…）翻译：Youshouldn’thavemarriedhim.Lookathowmiserableyouarenow.翻译：你昨晚本不应该开夜车的，否则现在上课的时候不会这么困。Youshouldn’thavestayeduplastnight,oryouwouldn’tbesosleepyinclassnow.翻译：他本应该去医院看他父亲的，可是却由于种种原因没有去。Heshouldhavevisitedhisfatherinhospital,butforthisreasonorthat,hedidn’tgo.Pleasemakeasentenceofyourown.Part3:GrammarpointsWell,itdamnwellseemedtomethatheneededsomeonetorepresenthisinterests.

(P25L1)adj.(onlybeforenoun)spokenusedto