Ｍodules 1-6 知识归纳 外研版英语八年级上册

英语八（上）Ｍodules1—6知识归纳一、词组短语1.getto=arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方=reach2.begoodfor/bebadfor3.begoodat=dowellinbeweak/poorin=dobadlyin4.withone’shelp=withthehelpofsb5.atlast/intheend6.havetodo7.practisedoing8.asmuchaspossible/asmuchaswecan9.inorderto10.sothat11.decidetodo12.invite...todo13.wanttodo=wouldliketodo14.plantodo15.remembertodo16.win+比赛、名次：赢，获胜17.beat+人或队：打败，优于18.helpsbwithsth=helpsb(to)dosth19.takesbtosp20.play...with...21.playagainst22.haveagreattime=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=havefun23.befamousfor24.befamousas25.cheersbon26.warmup27.givea(warm)welcometosb28.take(花费时间，主语是it,ittakessb+时间+todosth花费某人多少时间做某事)cost(花费钱，主语是物)spend(花费时间或钱，主语是人，spend…..onsth/indoingsth)pay（花费钱，主语是人，pay+钱for+物）lookafter(well)=take(good)careoftakeabus/bybus/inabusrideabike/bybike/onabikehavetroubledoing32.takeplace33.inpeace34.thinkof35.thinkabout36takeaway37.takeout...(of)..38.farawayfrom39.beclosedto40.becauseof41.bepleasedwith42.beinterestedin43.exciting,relaxing,interesting,boring等词用来修饰物excited,relaxed,interested,bored等词用来修饰人44.too也(,用于肯定句末）aswell(用于句末也可用于句中）aswellas(用于句中，用来连接两个并列的成分）also(用于句中)either也(,用于否定句末）45.allthetime46.lookup47.beindanger48.makeamistake49.askfor50.tellsbtodosthtellsbnottodosthasksbtodosthasksbnottodosth句型1.howlong(多长时间，答语是：for+时间段)howoften(多久一次，答语是：onceaweek,everyday,twiceamonth….)howsoon（多久将会，答语是：In+时间段…..之后）howfar(多远，答语是：tenminutes’walk10分钟的路程/tenkilometers10千米)howmuch(多少钱，问价格)2.Howistheweather...?=Whatistheweatherlike..?3.What'swrongwithLucy?=What'sthematterwithLucy?4.—Whatisthepopulationof...?=Howlargeisthepopulationof...?—Ithasapopulationof5.Whatapity!6.WhatshallIdo?7.whynotdo=whydon’tyoudo8.Idon’tknow=Ihavenoidea9.sothat+句子(表目的：以便）=inordertodo10.so...that+句子(表结果：导致）=enough...todo11.so...that...can’t...=too...todo12....oneof+形最高级+复数名词...13....as...as..(asoldas)14....notas...as...=...notso...as...15...notthesameas...=...differentfrom...16.Howaboutdoing...=Whataboutdoing=Let’sdo17.Whathappened(tosb)?18.Itis+形容词(原级或比较级）(forsb)todosth或Itis+形容词(ofsb)todosth19.It’sagoodideatodosth20.That’sagoodwaytodosth21.That’sbecause+句子语法1.情态动词：can(could),can’t;should/shall,shouldn’t;must,mustn’t;may,might;need,needn’t...后接动词原形。2.介词后接名词、代词或动词分词（v+ing）表示方位的介词：in(在范围内)on(两地接壤)to(在某地范围之外且不接壤)GuangzhouisinthesouthofChina.(广州在中国的范围内)GuangxiisonthewestofGuangdong.(广州与广西两地是接壤的)JapanistotheeastofChina.(日本与中国不在同一范围且不接壤)3.be+形容词(isenjoyable…)动词+副词(speakloudly,listencarefully…..)4.形容词比较级（一）常用句型1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B，意为“A比B更……”2.A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B，意为“A和B一样……”3.Which/Whois+形容词比较级，AorB?，意为“哪个/谁更……，A还是B？”4.A+be+not+so+形容词原级+as+B，意为“A不像B一样……”（二）特殊句型★“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。如：Itbecomeswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.如果是多音节和部分双音节词，就用“moreandmore+原级”结构。如：Itisrainingmoreandmoreheavily.雨越下越大。★“the+比较级+...,the+比较级+...”表示“越……，越……”。如：Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.★表示两者中“较……”时，用“the+比较级+of短语”来表达。如：Heisthethinnerofthetwo.他是两人中较瘦者。5.形容词最高级将三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级。形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the；副词的最高级前定冠词the可以省略。变化规则A.规则变化B.不规则变化far—farthest/furthestgood/well—bestbad/badly—worst§常用句型1）.主语+谓语+最高级+in/of/among+范围，表示“……是……中最……”2）.Who/Which+谓语+最高级，A,BorC?，表示“哪个是最……，A,B还是C？”3）.主语+谓语+oneofthe+最高级+名词复数+in/of/...+范围，表示“在……中，……是最……之一”4）.主语+谓语+the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in/of/...+范围，表示“……是……中的第几……”6.动词不定式：“to+动词原形”的结构（一）常见的后接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：plan,decide,want,agree,try,hope,offer,like,need等（二）英语中，有些动词可以接两个宾语，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语称为“双宾语”。此类动词常见的有：buy,pass,give,offer,show,bring,send等。其句型结构为：主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语=主语+动词+直接宾语+介词(for/to)+间接宾语注意：当表示物的宾语为代词时，只能使用主语+动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”的表达形式。例如：Canyousendittomeassoonaspossible?常用双宾语结构有：cooksbsth=cooksthforsbbuysbsth=buysthforsbgivesbsth=givesthtosbshowsbsth=showsthtosbteachsbsth=teachsthtosbsendsbsth=sendsthtosb（三）、动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式充当宾语补足语，是对宾语的补充说明。常用于“动词+宾语+动词不定式”这一结构中。能接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词分为后接带to的不定式和省略to的不定式两种。接带to的不定式，即“动词+宾语+to+动词原形”。这类动词有allow,ask,advise,tell,want,choose,need等例如：MrHantoldusnottomaketoomuchnoise.韩先