山西省忻州市殿上中学2023年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

山西省忻州市殿上中学2023年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.___________productionupby50%,thefactoryhasanotherwonderfulyear.

A.As

B.For

C.With

D.Through参考答案：

C解析：withproductionupby50%是with复合结构，在此处作原因状语。此处介词with意思是“随着”。2.Joseph______toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian.A．hasbeengoing

B．went

C．goes

D．hasgone参考答案：A句意：约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。解析：考查时态。句中sincelastmonth，表示“自从上个月起”根据but后的句意，说明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行着，所以要用现在完成进行时态。3.Whenit______advertising,consumersneedtobeeducatedabouttechniquesusedbyadvertisers.

A.comesup

B.comesabout

C.comesout

D.comesto参考答案：D33. Hewrotealetter______heexplainswhathadhappenedintheaccident. A.what B.which C.where D.how参考答案：C5.Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,

itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilitiesaroundtheworld.A.whateverB.whoeverC.whereverD.whichever参考答案：C6.－Doyouthinktheteamwillwinthegoldmedalatthe2012LondonOlympicGames?－____.Afterall,itisnolongerthestrongestintheworld.A.Ofcourse

B.Itdepends

C.Don’tmentionit

D.Ihopeso参考答案：B略7.Ipreferahouseinbeautifulsurroundingsinthecountrysideto_______insuchanoisystreetinShanghai.A.it

B.that

C.this

D.one参考答案：D8.ShegotstuckinaterribletrafficjamonthehighwaytoShanghai，orshe

dinnerwithherfamilynow．A．willbehaving

B．wouldbehaving

C．ishaving

D．washaving参考答案：B略9.--Soyougaveheryourphone?--__________.Shesaidshe'dreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordherown.A.Notexactly

B.Mypleasure

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright

参考答案：A略10.Alwaysreadthe______onthebottlecarefullybeforetakingmedicine.

Ainstructions

Bexplanations

Cdescriptions

Dintroductions参考答案：A11.Peoplehaveplantedagreatmanytreesinorderto______windandsand.A.holddown

B.holdup

C.holdback

D.holdout参考答案：C12.Whethersomethingisaliveordeadisacrucial______anditisonethatchildrenhavenodifficultyunderstandingbytheageoffive.A.declaration B.distinction C.division D.distribution参考答案：B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：某些东西是活的还是死的是一个重要的区别，这是一个孩子在5岁时就不难理解的问题。A.declaration宣告，声明；B.distinction差别，区别；C.division分割；D.distribution分配，分布。根据前面的“是活的还是死”可推知，这是指孩子对死和活的区别，故选B。13.Theplantodevelopthelandwillwastetaxpayers’dollarsand________trafficjam.A.addupto

B.addto

C.add

D.addup参考答案：B14.Theyoungmancouldn’taffordanewcar.__________,heboughtausedone.A.Besides

B.Otherwise

C.Instead

D.Still参考答案：C略15.Thetownhaschangedsomuchthatitis_____recognition．

A．by

B．within

C．beyond

D．under参考答案：C略16.—Let'shaveagameoftennis;theloserhastotreattheothertoahotdog.—

.A.I'mafraidso

B.It'sadealC.You'vegotapoint

D.Mytreat参考答案：15．B试题分析：句意：--让我们来一场网球比赛吧，输的人请客吃热狗。--一言为定。I'mafraidso恐怕是这样的；It'sadeal一言为定；You'vegotapoint你抓住重点了；Mytreat我请客。根据句意故选B。考点：考查交际用语的用法。点评：本题难度适中。交际用语是高考的热点，对于这些用语都是用在特定的语言环境之下，要充分理解语境，才能做出正确的判断。即学即练：—I'mnotgoodatsinging,youknow.—________It'sjustforfun.A.Don'tsayso.

B.Comeon.

C.Whatapity!

D.Cheerup.

解析：B。Don'tsayso.不要这样说。不符合情景交际的特点；Comeon.得了吧；来吧；Whatapity!

真可惜！真遗憾！Cheerup振作点。答语句意：来吧！我们只是玩。【解析】略二、完型填空17.Todaywespentthemorninggoingthroughourpersonalbelongings.Wewerelookingforitemsto___21___forfreeatalocalpark.Notjustanyitemsbutthingspeoplereally___22___.Ouraimwasnottofindthingswenolonger___23___butthingsweuseeverydaythatwouldbe___24___toothers.Wepackedthesethings___25___theboxandaddedsomesmalltoys.Weaddedalistoflocaladdressesandphonenumbersoflocal___26___agencies.Insidetheboxasimpleletterwasplaced.It___27___:“Pleasetaketheseitemsandknowthatyourlifeisimportant.___28___aredifficultbutthesedayswillpass.Wesharewhatwehavebelievingthatitwill___29___.Usethefoodtonurtureyour___30___andusetheblanketstostaywarm.Besafeandknowthatthehuman___31___canovercomeanything.Donotholdyourhead___32___forhavinganeedtostaywarm.Somedaypleasedothesamewhenyoucan.”Thiskind___33___wasnotbecausethephonerangorforanyreason.Itwas___34___becauseitwastherighttodo.Wehaveoftenseen___35___peopleattheparkwhereweleftthebelongings.I___36___thatmywifehadputherfavoritegreencoatintothebox.Iaskedifshewas___37___aboutitandshejustrepliedthatithadahood(兜帽).HeranswertoldmewhyitisIwholoveher.Shelikedthecoatbutknewthehoodcould___38___someonefromtherain.Whoknowswherethesegiftsof___39___willgo?Howmanyusescanablanketserve___40___whatitwasdesignedtodo?Wenevergobackandseewhathappens.Itisunimportant.Therightthingswillfindtherightpeopleandthatisallthatcounts.21.A.putoff B.putup C.giveaway D.giveup22.A.needed B.collected C.produced D.searched23.A.accepted B.wanted C.carried D.bought24.A.wonderful B.beautiful C.hopeful D.useful25.A.around B.upon C.into D.above26.A.working B.parking C.delivering D.helping27.A.spoke B.read C.marked D.indicated28.A.Ways B.Problems C.Times D.Situations29.A.matter B.continue C.change D.depend30.A.body B.mind C.brain D.muscle31.A.liberty B.sprit C.health D.wisdom32.A.forward B.aside C.around D.down33.A.attempt B.manner C.act D.habit34.A.suddenly B.simply C.strangely D.usually35.A.Aimless B.homeless C.childless D.friendless36.A.believed B.dreamed C.approve D.noticed37.A.sure B.regretful C.worried D.anxious38.A.separate B.prevent C.shelter D.hold39.A.affection B.sympathy C.generosity D.honesty40.A.otherthan B.ratherthan C.morethan D.betterthan参考答案：21.C

22.A

23.B

24.D

25.C

26.D

27.B

28.C

29.A

30.A

31.B

32.D

33.C

34.B

35.B

36.D

37.A

38.C

39.B

40.A本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，主要叙述了作者和妻子为一些无家可归的人捐衣物，这些衣物并不是自己不需要的，而是一些自己在用而且对别人也是有用的，妻子甚至将自己最喜欢的有风帽的绿色外套捐献出去，因为她知道风帽可以保护人们不受雨淋。作者认为适当的人得到适当的东西最重要。文章旨在赞扬这种无私的助人为乐的奉献精神，人人都应为他人给予爱心、温暖，也是对自己的一种回馈。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.putoff推迟；B.putup提供；C.giveaway分发；D.giveup放弃。根据上文"Todaywespentthemorninggoingthroughourpersonalbelongings"可知，我们花了一个上午的时间在整理我们的私人物品，主要是在找一些可以在当地的公园免费赠送的衣物，所以C选项是正确的。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.needed需要；B.collected收集；C.produced生产；D.searched搜索。根据文章第一段的主旨大意可知，我们（所要赠送的）不是任何东西，而是人们真正需要的，所以A选项是正确的。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.accepted接受；B.wanted想要；C.carried搬运；D.bought买。根据"butthingsweuseeverydaythatwouldbe…toothers"，我们的目标不是找我们不想要的东西，所以B选项是正确的。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.wonderful极好的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.useful有用的。根据第一段的主旨大意及"Notjustanyitemsbutthingspeoplereally"可知，我们所要赠送的是我们每天都用的，对别人也是有用的东西，所以D选项是正确的。【25题详解】考查介词辨析。A.around四处；B.upon根据；C.into深入……之中；D.above在……之上。根据句意可知，我把要赠送的东西放进盒子里面，因此介词into：进入；在里面…符合题意，所以C选项是正确的。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.working工作；B.parking停车；C.delivering投递；D.helping帮助。根据句意可知，盒子里除了要赠送的衣物，我还加入了一些当地的地址和援助机构的地址，所以D选项是正确的。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.spoke说；B.read写着；C.marked标记；D.indicated显示。根据句意可知，在盒子里面放有一封简单的信，信上写到…，"表示…上写着，显示用"read或say"，所以B选项是正确的。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.Ways方法；B.Problems问题；C.Times时光；D.Situations情况。根据后面的句子"butthesedayswillpass"可知，困难的时光会过去的，所以C选项是正确的。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.matter重要；B.continue继续；C.change

改变；D.depend依赖。根据句意可知，我们与别人分享我们所拥有的有用之物（即将有用的衣物赠送给别人），我们相信这很重要，"matter

重要，有影响"，所以A选项是正确的。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.body身体；B.mind理智；C.brain大脑；D.muscle肌肉。根据句意"Usethefoodtonurtureyour，usetheblanketstostaywarm"可知，用食物给身体增加营养，用毯子保持温暖，所以A选项是正确的。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.liberty自由；B.sprit精神；C.health健康；D.wisdom智慧。根据句意可知，人类的精神可以战胜一切，所以B选项是正确的。【32题详解】考查介词辨析。A.forward向前；B.aside一边；C.around四处；D.down向下。根据句意可知，不要因为需要东西保暖而低下头，副词"down

向下"，所以D选项是正确的。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.attempt企图；B.manner方式；C.act行为；D.habit习惯。根据上文"Wewerelookingforitemsto

forfreeatalocalpark"可知，我们在找一些东西可以在当地的公园免费的赠送，这个善举不是因为电话铃响了，或是其他什么原因，所以C选项是正确的。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.suddenly突然；B.simply简单；仅仅；C.strangely奇怪地；D.usually通常。根据句子"becauseitwastherighttodo"可知，我们为别人赠送所需的衣物，仅仅只是因为应该这么做，这是对的且有意义的事，所以B选项是正确的。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.Aimless没有目标的；B.homeless无家可归的；C.childless无子女的；D.friendless没有朋友的。根据"…forfreeatalocalpark"及"attheparkwhereweleftthebelongings．"可知，我们经常在当地的公园免费的赠送衣物，所以我们经常会在公园里面看见无家可归的人，所以B选项是正确的。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.believed相信；B.dreamed梦想；C.approve批准；D.noticed注意到。根据句意可知，我注意到我的妻子把她最喜欢的绿色的外套放在盒子里面，所以D选项是正确的。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.sure确信的；B.regretful后悔的；C.worried担忧的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据"mywifehadputherfavoritegreencoatintooneoftheboxes"可知，我问妻子是否能够确定她最喜欢的绿色的外套也要放在盒子里一并赠送出去，所以A选项是正确的。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.separate分开；B.prevent阻止；C.shelter

庇护；D.hold持有。根据句意可知，妻子之所以要赠送最喜欢的绿色的外套，是因为衣服有风帽她知道风帽可以保护人们不受雨淋，"sheltersbfromsth保护；保护某人不受…，抵挡，躲避"，故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.affection

爱情；B.sympathy同情；C.generosity慷慨；D.honesty诚实。根据上下文语境可知，作者及妻子把自己有用的同时对别人也有用得衣物赠送出来是同情怜悯这些无家可归的人，对他们施以爱心，谁知道这些同情的礼物会去往什么地方，所以B选项是正确的。【40题详解】考查短语辨析。A.otherthan除了；B.ratherthan宁愿；C.morethan不仅仅；D.betterthan好于。根据句意可知，除了毯子本来的用途，他们还可以用作什么？所以A选项是正确的。三、阅读理解18.Idon’teverwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain.Therewasatimeinmylifewhenpeoplekeptaskingmestoriesaboutwhatit’sliketoworkinafieldunderthecontrolofmen.IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.WhatIdofindinterestingistheexistenceoftheuniverse,theshapeofspacetimeandthenatureofblackholes.At19,whenIbeganstudyingastrophysics(天体物理学),itdidnotbothermeintheleasttobetheonlywomanintheclassroom.ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenasapost-doctordoingspaceresearch,theproblemstartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedfromtheangleofgender(性别)politics.Soweremyfailures.Thenonedayafewyearsago,outofmymouthcameasentencethatwouldfinallybecomemyreplytoanyandallprovocations(挑衅):Idon’ttalkaboutthatanymore.Ittookme10yearstogetbacktheconfidenceIhadat19andtorealizethatIdidn’twanttodealwithgenderproblems.Whyshouldremovingsexismbeyetanotherterribleburdenoneveryfemalescientist?Afterall,Idon’tstudysociologyorpoliticaltheory.TodayIresearchandteachatBarnard,awomen’scollegeinNewYorkCity.Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer,45.Iknowsomeofmystudentsworryhowtheywillmanagetheirscientificresearchandadesireforchildren.AndIdon’ttakenonoticeofthoseconcerns.Still,Idon’ttellthem“war”stories.Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(怀孕）doingphysicsexperiments.Andinturntheyhavegivenmetheimageof45womendrivenbyaloveofscience.Andthat’sasightworthtalkingabout.5．Whydoesn’ttheauthorwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain?A.Shefeelsunhappyworkinginthescientificfield.B.Shefindsspaceresearchmoreimportant.C.Sheisnotgoodattellingstoriesofthekind.D.Sheistiredofthesexisminscientificfield.6．FromParagraph2,wecaninferthatpeoplewouldthinktheauthor’sfailuresweredueto__.A.herover-confidenceasafemaleastrophysicistB.herinvolvementingenderpoliticsC.theveryfactthatsheisawomanD.theburdenshebearsinamale-leadingsociety7．Whydoestheauthorfeelgreatsatisfactionwhentalkingaboutherclass?A.Femalestudentsnolongerhavetobotheraboutgenderissues.B.Herstudents’performancehasbroughtbackherconfidence.C.Morefemalestudentsaregoinginforsciencethanbefore.D.Herfemalestudentscandojustaswellasmalestudents.8．Whatdoestheimage(形象)thattheauthorpresentstoherstudentssuggest?A.Womencanbalanceacareerinscienceandhavingafamily.B.Womenhavemorebarriersontheirwaytoacademicsuccess.C.Womenstudentsneedn’thavetheconcernsofhergeneration.D.Womennowhavefewerproblemsgoinginforasciencecareer.参考答案：5．D6．C7．C8．A本文通过人们对科学界女性的歧视引出话题，想要告诉我们：女性有能力平衡科学事业和家庭。5．D推断判断题。根据第一段IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.可以推断出作者不愿意反复谈论这个话题，是因为不感兴趣，对此感到厌倦了。故选D.6．C推断判断题。根据第二段Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedfromtheangleofgender(性别)politics.Soweremyfailures.可以推断出，人们认为作者失败全都因为她是一名女性这个事实。故选C.7．C根据最后一段Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer,45.可以推断出，作者谈到她的班级时感到非常满意是因为比以前有更多的女性在进行科学研究。故选C。8．A推断判断题。Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(怀孕）doingphysicsexperiments.（相反，我会告诉他们这样的场景：她们的物理教授身怀六甲还在做物理实验。）可以推断出，作者想要告诉她的学生，女性有能力平衡科学事业和家庭。故选A.【名师点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。第1小题推断判断题。根据第一段IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.可以推断出作者不愿意反复谈论这个话题，是因为不感兴趣，对此感到厌倦了。这也是作者没有直接表达出来的，要我们进行推断判断。故选D.

推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。第4题推断判断题。Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(怀孕）doingphysicsexperiments.（相反，我会告诉他们这样的场景：她们的物理教授身怀六甲还在做物理实验。）可以推断出，作者想要告诉她的学生，女性有能力平衡科学事业和家庭，这也是文章的主题。故选A.任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分——推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分——推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。19.阅读下列短文，从每题短文所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Indepartmentstoresandclosetsallovertheworld,theyarewaiting.Theiroutwardappearanceseemsratherattractivebecausetheyhaveavarietyofstyles,patterns,materials,andcolor1s.Buttheyareeventuallythebiggestdeception（欺骗）thatexistsinthefashionindustrytoday.Whatarethey?Theyarehighheels（高跟鞋）—awoman’sworstenemy(whethersheknowsitornot).Fashionhasledwomentobelievethattheyaremorebeautifulorfashionableforwearingheels,butinreality,heelscausetroubles.Womenshouldfightthehighheelindustrybyrefusingtouseorbuytheminordertosavetheworldfromunnecessaryphysicalandpsychologicalsuffering.Tobefair,itmustbenotedthatthereisapositivesidetohighheels.First,heelsareexcellentforaerating（给……通气）lawns(草坪).AnyonewhohaseverwornheelsongrassknowswhatIamtalkingabout.Asimpletriparoundtheyardinapairofthosebabiesgetsridofalltheneedtocallforalawncareexpert,andprovidestheperfect-sizedholestogiveanylawnoxygenwithoutallthedirtlyingaround.Second,heelsarequiteusefulfordefendingagainstoncomingenemiesbythreateningthemwithapairofthesesharp,deadlyfashionitems.Regardlessofsuchp