山西省吕梁市英雄街中学2023年高二英语测试题含解析

山西省吕梁市英雄街中学2023年高二英语测试题含解析一、选择题1.Theboywassowornoutthathefellasleep_______hismothercouldtakeoffhisclothes.A.before

B.after

C.while

D.when参考答案：A2.Afterwalkingfortenminutes,shesuddenlyrealizedthatshe________inthewrongdirection.A.haswalked

B.waswalking

C.hadbeenwalking D.hasbeenwalking参考答案：C3.Doyouknowitwas______hefellillthathedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday?

A.because

B.as

C.since

D.nowthat参考答案：A4.TheSouthernStateswantedto______fromtheUnion,sotheAmericanCivilWar______.A.getawaywith;brokeup

B.getawayfrom;brokeintoC.breakawayfrom;brokeout

D.breakawayfrom;wasbrokenout参考答案：C5.Thepopularityofgovernmentpostshasdroppedinrecentyears,thoughthecivilservicejobsarestillfavoredbytheChineseastheyoffera_______stablecareer.A.ly B.regularlyC.roughly D.rigidly参考答案：A【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：近年来，政府职位的受欢迎程度有所下降，但公务员的职位仍然受到中国人的青睐，因为它们提供了相对稳定的职业。A.ly相对地；B.regularly规则地；C.roughly粗略地；D.rigidly僵直地。由“thecivilservicejobsarestillfavoredbytheChinese”可知，公务员职位仍然受到中国人的青睐，因为与其它工作相比，它们提供了相对稳定的职业。故A选项正确。6.I

earlierbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.wouldhavecome

B.hadcome

C.wascoming

D.wouldcome参考答案：A7.Theringingofthebell______theendoftheclasssuddenly______theirheateddiscussion.A.meant,interrupted

B.meant,interruptingC.meaning,interrupting

D.meaning,interrupted参考答案：D【详解】考查句子分析、非谓语动词和时态。句意：意味着课结束的铃声突然打断了他们热烈的讨论。第一空Theringingofthebell与mean之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语；第二空为句子谓语动词，根据句意可知用一般过去时。故选D。【点睛】本题既考查谓语动词，也考查非谓语动词。首先分析句子可知，句中缺少谓语动词，且第二空应为句子的谓语动词。再确定第一空考查的为非谓语动词，然后判断作什么成分，再分析和修饰词之间的逻辑关系，最后选择用什么样的非谓语动词形式。8.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_____swimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’t

B.couldn’tC.needn’t

D.shouldn’t参考答案：D9.______Iseetheoldpicture,Ithinkofthosegoodfriendsduringmycollegelife.

A.Everytime

B.Allthetime

C.Thetimewhen

D.Duringthetime参考答案：A10.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,____wastrue.

A.he

B.this

C.which

D.who参考答案：C11.Heisonlytooreadytohelpothers,seldom,________,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.A.ifnever

B.ifnot

C.ifever

D.ifany参考答案：C12.Whendiscoveredbytheoldman,thethiefwent________himwithaknifeimmediately.A．over

B．forC．to

D．on参考答案：答案：Bgoforsb.“向某人进攻”，符合题意。13.Dad,IwasjustwonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilI_______nextweek.A.gotpaid B.havepaid C.getpaid D.hadbeenpaid参考答案：C14.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey__________veryeasilytonewenvironments.

A.adapt

B.appeal

C.attach

D.apply参考答案：A15.Imeant________you,butIwassobusy.Atocallon

Bcallingon

Ctocallat

Dcallingat参考答案：Ameantodo,but…“本打算…但是…”，callon+sb;而callat+someplace。16.Edward,youplaysowell.ButI youplayedthepiano. A.didn’tknow B.hadn’tknownC.don’tknow D.haven’tknown参考答案：A略二、完型填空17.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。ks5uWHENJohnGurdonwas15,herankedlastoutofthe250boysinhisgradeatbiology.Healsocameinlastforeveryothersciencesubject.Histeacherwroteina

21

:“Ibelievehehasideasaboutbecominga

22

;onhispresentshowingthisisquitefoolish.”Luckily,theteacher’swordsdidn’t

23

Gurdon’sloveforscience.Hekeptworkinghard.Hewenttolabearlierandleft

24

thananyoneelse.OnOct8,2012,64yearslater,theBritishprofessor

25

theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine.JapanesescientistShinyaYamanakahadcontributedtotheresearchandtherefore

26

theaward.Gurdongotthehonor

27

hisresearchintocellsandcloning.WhenhewasstudyingatOxford,hedidsome

28

oncells.Hetookacellfromanadultfrog,movedits

29

,andputthemintoaneggcell.Theeggcellthen

30

intoacloneoftheadultfrog.Hisresearch

31

forthefirsttimethateverycellinthebodycontainsthesamegenes.Atthattime,manypeople

32

acceptGurdon’sidea.Butlaterithelpedto

33

Dollythesheepin1996,thefirstclonedmammalinhistory.Italsoledtoimportantfindingsinthe34

useofcells.Forexample,

35

fromsomeone’sskincanturnintoanytypeoftissueinthebody.Thisisgoodnewsforthose

36

whohavediseasedordamagedtissue.Gurdonalwaysremembersthe

37

hehadwhenhewas15.Heevenputthereportonhisdeskasadaily

38

tohimself.“Whenyouhave

39

,likeanexperimentdoesn’twork,it’snicetoremindyourselfthatperhapsyouarenotsogoodatyourjobandtheteachermaybe

40

,”hesaid.However,thefactssuggestGurdonisprettygoodindeed.

21.A.reportB.letterC.passageD.program22.A.musicianB.scientistC.managerD.millionaire23.A.stopB.meanC.inspireD.reflect24.A.soonerB.laterC.morehurriedlyD.morehappily25.A.wonB.foundedC.dreamedofD.appliedfor26.A.acceptedB.refusedC.collectedD.shared27.A.insteadofB.inspiteofC.becauseofD.inplaceof28.A.readingB.writingC.changeD.research29.A.babyB.powerC.genesD.features30.A.cutB.grewC.wentD.formed31.A.predictedB.studiedC.provedD.provided32.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t33.A.saveB.driveC.feedD.create34.A.everydayB.medicalC.physicalD.illegal35.A.cellsB.hairsC.waterD.blood36.A.foolsB.scientistsC.patientsD.doctors37.A.friendB.teacherC.classmateD.neighbor38.A.ruleB.paperC.reminderD.reward39.A.prizesB.diseasesC.mealsD.problems40.A.rightB.wrongC.happyD.welcome参考答案：16~20ABABA

21~25DCDCB

26~30CADBA

31~35CBCDA三、阅读理解18.Artificialintelligencekeepsdefeatinghuman,itismakingcountlessvictoriesagainsthumanindifferentfieldsoflifeandtryingtopushhumantothecorner.Google’sDeepMindhasdefeatedtheworld’snumberoneplayerKeJie.Humanbrainsomehowhasbeenreplacedbyamachineandscientistsareworkingveryhardondevelopingahumanbrainbyimplantingachipandconnectingittothetickneuronthatconnectsthetwohemispheresofthebrain.Well,whodoesn’twanttogethisbrainupgradedtobeassmartasthebrainofAlbertEinsteinorCharlesDarwin?Humanswillprobablyonedayinventabrainthatcanbeimplantedinthehumanskullandreprogramallthehumanthoughts,butthisinventiondoesn’tseemtobehappeningintheforeseeablefuturesincehumanbraintookmillionsofyearstoevolve.Somescientistsbelievethathumanwilldefeatdeathinthenexttwentyhundredyearsbuttheycan’treallypredicthowlongit’sgoingtotaketodevelopahumanbrainthatcancompletelyreplacethenaturalbrain.Despiteofthisaccomplishmentinthefieldofartificialintelligence,itcouldn’tcreasepeoplefrombelievingthatsciencecan’tstandalone.Forinstance,AIcanimitatehumanbrainandmostofthetimeoutperformsit,buttherearestillalotofhiddensecrets.AIoutsmartedKeJiebutKeJiehasconsciousnessunliketheAI,KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeatedandburiedhisfaceinhishandsbuttheAIdidn’tfeelhappyandcelebratehisvictory.Thecomputerof1960isthesameasthecomputer2017intermsofconsciousness,thereisnosingssofartellingusthatthereisanalgorithm(运算)thatcanmakeaconsciouscomputeranddecipher(译解)itsfeelings.Wecanpredictwhatthefuturewilllooklikeaccordingtothepast,especiallyfromscientificpointofviewbutthedevelopmentofhumanbrainseemsunpredictableandunknown.12.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“neuron”inPara.2?A.thetubethroughwhichbloodflowsinyourbrainB.thekindofcellthatcarriesinformationC.thesoftfattysubstanceinthehollowcenterofbonesD.thebonypartofone’sheadwhichencloseshis/herbrain13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.IttookmillionsofyearsforhumanbraintoevolveB.HumanswishtogettheirbrainsupgradedtobeassmartaspossibleC.Humanswillprobablyinventabrainthatcanreprogramallthehumanthoughts.D.Itishardtodevelopahumanbrainthatcancompletelyreplacethenaturalbrain14.“KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeated”ismentionedinPara.4to__________.A.showthattheAIhasnohumanemotionsB.explainthatAphaGoisvirtuallyunbeatableintheboardgameC.tellustheaccomplishmentinthefieldofartificialintelligenceD.analyzeKeJie’spsychologicalcharacteristicswhenplayingthegame15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WorldTopGoPlayerKeJieChallengesAlphaGoB.AlphaGoTeachesTouseAITobenefitHumansC.GoogleAIDefeatsHumanGoChampion!D.AICanImitateHumanBrainAndMostOftheTimeOutperformsIt参考答案：12.B

13.D

14.C

15.A本文讲述了人工智能现在正在各个领域击败人类，但这并不能说明人工智能可以取代大脑。尽管在人工智能领域取得了成就，但它不能使人们相信科学能独立存在，而且从科学的角度来看，人脑的发展似乎是不可预测和未知的，并通过谷歌的DeepMind击败了世界头号选手KeJie却没有情绪和表示说明了人工智能并不能完全取代大脑。12.词义猜测题。由第二段中的“developingahumanbrainbyimplantingachipandconnectingittothethickneuronthatconnectsthetwohemispheresofthebrain.”可知，科学家们正努力尝试着通过植入一块芯片并将其连接到连接大脑两个半球的__________上来开发人脑，连接两个半球的是指某种可以传递信息来刺激大脑做出反应的物质，可推理判断出neuron指的是某种可以携带信息的神经元，故选B。13.细节理解题。由第三段可知，有一天人类可能发明一种可以植入人类骨头和改变人类思想的大脑，但他的发明不可能发生在可预见的未来，因为人类是经过几百万年的进化演变而来的，故可知第三段主要谈论的是开发一个可以完全取代自然大脑的人脑是困难的，故选D。14.推理判断题。由第四段中的“KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeatedandburiedhisfaceinhishandsbuttheAIdidn’tfeelhappyandcelebratehisvictory.”可知，当KeJie被击败，双手捂着脸感到悲伤时，AI没有感到高兴，也没有庆祝他的胜利，由此可推断出AI没有人类的情感，故选A。15.主旨大意题。本文主要围绕着谷歌的DeepMind击败了世界头号选手KeJie的主题，探讨了人工智能与大脑之间是否可以相互取代的话题，故可知本文的最好标题是GoogleAIDefeatsHumanGoChampion，谷歌的AI战胜人类取得胜利。故选C。19.Atfirst,muffled(听不太清的)conversationsmaderesearchersataSanDiegoaquariumpuzzled,butwhenadiverthoughthewasbeingtoldtoget“out”ofthewatertheyrealizedtheconversationswerecomingfromawhitewhale.NocwasaboutoneyearoldwhenhewascaughtoffthePacificcoastofCanada.Hewaskeptinanopen-oceanpen(围栏)attheUSNationalMarineMammalFoundationinSanDiego,California.AftersevenyearsattheFoundation,hebegan,automatically,tomakeunusualsounds,areportinthelatestissueofthejournal,CurrentBiology,said.“Wethoughtofthewhale’svocalizations(发出的声音)asanattempttoimitatehumans.Whalevocalizationsoftensoundedasiftwopeopleweretalkingjustoutoftherangeofourunderstanding,”theauthorssaid.“‘Theseconversations’wereheardseveraltimesbeforewefinallyrealizedthewhalewasthesource.”TheresearchersrealizeditwasNocwhenadiversurfacedandasked,“Whotoldmetogetout?”Itwasthenthattheyrealizedtheword“out”,whichwasrepeatedseveraltimes,hadcomefromNoc.Later,hisspeech-likesoundswererecordedintheairandunderwater.Nocstartedmakingthesoundsaftersevenyearsintheopen-oceanpen,andcontinuedmakingthemforanotherfouryears.Hediedfiveyearsago.Researchershavenowanalyzedthesoundrecordings.Itwasthefirsttimethatsoundrecordingshadshownhowsuchsoundsimitatedspeechandweredifferentfromtheusualcallsofthespecies.Thespeech-likesoundswerelowerthannormalwhalesoundsandmuchclosertothoseofthehumanvoice.Also,whalestalktoeachotherbyblowingairthroughtheirnoses,ratherthanusingalarynx(喉),aspeopledo.“Wedon’tclaimthatourwhalewasagoodimitatorcomparedtosuchwell-knownimitatorsasparrots,”theresearcherssaid.“However,thebehaviorweobservedisanexampleofvocallearningbythewhitewhale.ItseemsthatNoc’scloseassociationwithhumansplayedaroleinhowoftenandhowwellheemployedhishumanvoice.”28.WhatcanwelearnaboutNocfromthetext?A.HehadlivedinthePacificOceanbeforehewascaught.B.HewaskeptinaCanadianfoundationuntilhedied.C.Whenhewasseven,hestartedmakingspeech-likesounds.D.Hewasabletoimitatehumansbeforehewascaught.29.Noc’ssoundwasconsideredunusualbecauseitwas________.A.madebyusingalarynxB.verysimilartothehumansoundC.differentintheairandunderwaterD.higherthanthenormalwhalesound30.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Adiverrealizedtheword“out”,whichhehadhear