山东省青岛市明天中学2021-2022学年高二英语期末试题含解析

山东省青岛市明天中学2021-2022学年高二英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Suchaperson_______youreferredtojustnowisreallyhard_______inourlife.A.as;todealwith

B.who;todealwithC.whom;tobedealtwith

D.who;tobedealtwith参考答案：A【详解】考查定语从句和动词不定式。句意：你刚才提到的这种人在我们的生活中真的很难对付。分析句子可知，此句为定主从句。其中的先行词为aperson，先行词aperson被such修饰，定语从句中如果先行词被such修饰时，要用关系词as。第二个空考查的是Sb.is+adj.todo句式。因此要用动词不定式的主动形式。此句是指“你刚才提到的这个人在我们的生活中真的很难对付”。因此只有A符合题意。2.We thejob fivepartsandeachmandidonepart.A.divided,into B.separated,into C.divided,from D.separated,from参考答案：A34.TheSmithsarepraised_______thewaytheybringuptheirchildren.A.from

B.by

C.at

D.for参考答案：D略4.MrsJane,whocomesfrom______Europeancountry,hasformedthehabitofattending______churchonSundays.A.an;不填

B.an;the

C.a;不填 D.a;a参考答案：C5.

,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime.A.Iftheydonothelpus

B.WasitnotfortheirhelpC.Shouldtheyoffertohelpus

D.Butfortheirhelp参考答案：D6.—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?

Right,justtheone_________youknowIusedtoworkforyears.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.what参考答案：C7.I_______theFrenchwrittenpapersbutfailedintheEnglishoralexamination

A.gotthrough.

B.lookthrough

C.wentthrough

D.livedthrough参考答案：A略8.Manychildrenseldomcommunicatewithadults,________itdifficultfortheirparentstoknowwhattheyarethinkingabout. A.making B.makes C.tomake D.made参考答案：A9.Thebagstill

____

whereIhad

itanhourbefore.A.lie;lain

B.lay;lain

C.lied;lain

D.lay;laid参考答案：D10.Theformerpresidentstudiedhardwhenhewasyoung,which________hissuccessinhiscareer.A.contributedto B.appliedto C.gotusedto

D.turnedto参考答案：A11.Don’tcomethismorning.Iwouldratheryou______thedayaftertomorrow.A.come

B.came

C.aretocome

D.willcome参考答案：B略12.Mostpeoplearefamiliarwiththeideathatallmatterintheuniverse_______atoms.A.makesup

B.makesupof

C.consistsin

D.consistsof参考答案：D13.Itissleepinglateinthemorningthat

beinglateforwork.A.devotesto

B.sticksto

C.refersto

D.leadsto参考答案：D14.You’llpay_____thatremark!A.off B.forC.back D.out参考答案：B【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：你会为那句话付出代价的!A.payoff付清；取得成功；B.payfor为……付出代价；赔偿；C.payback偿还；报答；D.payout付出；报复。根据句意故选B。15.Theambulancewasjustarriving,foraworker,who____________thewindowonthesecondfloor,felloffthewindow.

A.hadbeenrepairing

B.wasrepairingC.hasbeenrepairing

D.wouldberepairing参考答案：A16.Iam_______thegovernmentaswellastothegeneralpublicforjusttreatment________peasant-workers,whohavemadegreatcontributiontotheimprovementofcitylife.A.asking;onbehalfof

B.applying;inthenameofC.demanding;inthenameof

D.appealingto;onbehalfof参考答案：D17.Wasitinthelibrary______heoftenwenttodosomereading________hemettheprettygirl?A．that；that

B．where；where

C．where；that

D．that；where参考答案：C18.Though___________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.

lacked

B.lackingof

C.lacking

D.lackedin参考答案：C19.He

theconclusionwiththe

evidenceandpresenteditattheconference.A.draws;supporting

B.drew;supportingC.cameto;supported

D.reached;supported参考答案：B二、完型填空20.WhenIwasyounger,Iwasverysporty.Mydadisarunnerwhogreat___21___me.Mygreathobbybetweentheages11and14wascross-country___22___.However,whenmyfamily___23___,mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto___24___,andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.Overthenextfewyears,I___25___exercisingexceptduringP.E.lessonsatschool.Iwas___26___thatIcouldeatwhatIwantedanddidn'tputonanyweight,soitlookedlikeIwashealthy,butinrealityIwasvery___27___.WhenIstarteduniversity,IdecidedthatIwouldtryandgetfit,butbythenIwasworriedabout___28___myselfinfrontofotherpeople.___29___,thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.This___30___cameafterIwaslateforabus,triedtorunafteritandwasveryoutof___31___inunderaminute!Iconsidered___32___runningagain,yetmyhousematetriedtopracticeyoga,somyNewYear's___33___wasdelayed.Finally,oneofmyfriends___34___aswimmingpoolclosetomyhousethatshehadgonetoafewtimes.Now,Ilove___35___,andIfinddoinglapsinthepoolveryrelaxing.Expertssayeveryoneshoulddo30minutesofproper___36___everyday,soI'mstartingwithanhourthreetimesaweekand___37___everyday.IhopethatIwillsoonstarttofeelthe___38___ofregularexercise,andwillbecomefitterand___39___.Inthelongterm,Iknowitwillbeverygoodforme,and___40___allsortsofhealthproblemsthatoftenoccurinlaterlife.21.A.understood

B.created

C.discouraged

D.influenced22.A.skiing

B.jogging

C.running

D.driving23.A.collected

B.moved

C.saved

D.travelled24.A.sports

B.lessons

C.parents

D.seats25.A.tried

B.stopped

C.enjoyed

D.risked26.A.obvious

B.rich

C.lucky

D.nervous27.A.unusual

B.unlucky

C.unconscious

D.unfit28.A.helping

B.introducing

C.embarrassing

D.teaching29.A.Even

B.However

C.Also

D.Thus30.A.decision

B.advice

C.method

D.praise31.A.control

B.order

C.date

D.breath32.A.takingin

B.holdingup

C.takingup

D.turningout33.A.resolve

B.present

C.party

D.welcome34.A.saw

B.ran

C.met

D.recommended35.A.swimming

B.running

C.boating

D.touring36.A.place

B.way

C.exercise

D.light37.A.gettingup

B.buildingup

C.puttingup

D.makingup38.A.actions

B.hobbies

C.glasses

D.benefits39.A.quicker

B.stronger

C.higher

D.braver40.A.prevent

B.suffer

C.treat

D.show参考答案：21.D

22.C

23.B

24.A

25.B

26.C

27.D

28.C

29.B

30.A

31.D

32.C

33.A

34.D

35.A

36.C

37.B

38.D

39.B

40.A【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了作者小时候很喜欢跑步。作者搬家后，新学校不重视运动，作者也就不怎么运动了。随着时间的流逝，作者意识到了健康出现了问题，重新开始了体育运动。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。根据Mygreathobbybetweentheages11and14wascross-country___2___.可知我的父亲是一名跑步者，他对我影响很大。A.understood明白；B.created创造；C.discouraged劝阻；D.influenced影响，故选D。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。根据Iconsidered___12___runningagain在十一岁到十四岁之间，我最大的爱好是越野赛跑。A.skiing滑雪；B.jogging慢跑；C.running赛跑；D.driving驾驶，故选C。【23题详解】考查动词辨析。根据mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto___4___,可知我家搬家了。A.collected收集；B.moved搬家；C.saved节省；D.travelled旅行，故选B。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。根据andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.可知我的新学校不重视运动。A.sports运动；B.lessons课程；C.parents父母；D.seats座位，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。根据mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto___4___,andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.可知这里意思是除了学校的体育课，我停止了运动。A.tried尝试；B.stopped停止；C.enjoyed喜爱；D.risked冒险，故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据thatIcouldeatwhatIwantedanddidn'tputonanyweight,soitlookedlikeIwashealthy我可以想吃什么就吃什么，不会增加体重，所以看起来我很健康，由此可知我是幸运的。A.obvious明显的；B.rich富有的；C.lucky幸运的；D.nervous紧张的，故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词辨析。but表示转折关系，我看起来很健康，但是，事实上，我不健康。A.unusual不寻常的；B.unlucky不幸的；C.unconscious无意识的；D.unfit不健康的，故选D。【28题详解】考查v+ing。根据thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.可知这里意思是但那时，我担心在别人面前让自己难堪。A.helping帮助；B.introducing介绍；C.embarrassing使人尴尬的；D.teaching教，故选C。【29题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：然而，今年，我的新年承诺之一就是努力保持体型。A.Even甚至；B.However然而；C.Also也；D.Thus因此，故选B。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这个决定是在我错过了一辆公交车，试图追上它，在不到一分钟的时间里，我上气不接下气后做出的。A.decision决定；B.advice建议；C.method方法；D.praise赞美，故选A。【31题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：这个决定是在我错过了一辆公交车，试图追上它，在不到一分钟的时间里，我上气不接下气后做出的。A.outofcontrol失去控制；B.outoforder发生故障；C.outofdate过期的；D.outofbreath上气不接下气，故选D。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我考虑再次从事跑步。A.takingin吸收；B.holdingup举起；C.takingup开始从事；D.turningout结果是，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。根据上文thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.可知这里意思是我的新年决定被延迟了。这里是同义词重现。A.resolve决定；B.present呈现；C.party参加社交聚会；D.welcome欢迎，故选A。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：最后，我的一个朋友推荐了我家附近的一个游泳池，她去过几次。A.saw看到；B.ran跑；C.met遇见；D.recommended推荐，故选D。【35题详解】考查v+ing辨析。根据Finally,oneofmyfriends___14___aswimmingpoolclosetomyhousethatshehadgonetoafewtimes.可知现在，我爱游泳。A.swimming游泳；B.running跑步；C.boating划船；D.touring旅行，故选A。【36题详解】考查名词辨析。根据IhopethatIwillsoonstarttofeelthe___18___ofregularexercise,可知专家说每个人每天应该做30分钟适当的运动。A.place地方；B.way方法；C.exercise运动；D.light光线，故选C。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我从每周三次，每次一小时开始，每天都在增加。A.gettingup起床；B.buildingup增进；C.puttingup举起；D.makingup化妆，故选B。【38题详解】考查名词辨析。根据andwillbecomefitterand___19___.可知这里意思是我希望我将很快开始感受到定期锻炼的好处。A.actions行动；B.hobbies爱好；C.glasses眼镜；D.benefits福利，故选D。【39题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我的身体将会变得更健康，更强壮。A.quicker更快；B.stronger更强壮；C.higher更高；D.braver更勇敢，故选B。【40题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：从长远来看，我知道这对我很有好处，可以防止以后生活中经常发生的各种健康问题。A.prevent阻止；B.suffer遭受；C.treat对待；D.show显示，故选A。【点睛】完形填空是高考英语中最难的一个题，正确解答完形填空题是考试成功至关重要的保障。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。完形填空的解题方法很多，而词汇复现法就是最常见的方法之一。词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。本题中的2小题中的running；13小题中的promises和resolve；16小题中的exercise等都采用了同义词或原词复现的方法。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。21.完形填空（共20小题，小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asamusicteacher,Ihavealwaysknownthatmusictouchesthesoul.Itcan__36__allkindsofbarrierstoreachstudentsinaveryspecialway.Itcanbethe__37__foreachchildtofindtheirlight.Iwouldliketo__38__astoryaboutit.ForafewyearsIwas__39__withtheopportunitytoteachdisabledstudents.Oneofmymost__40__studentswasafive-year-oldgirlcalledVanessa,whohaddifficultywalking,andcouldnotspeak.We__41__satonthefloorforourmusiclessonsandVanessalikedto__42__onmylap(大腿).OneofherfavoritesongswasJohntheRabbit.ItwasacallandresponsesongwhereIsangthecallandthestudents__43__twicewhilesingingtherepeatingphrase，“Oh,yes！”Vanessalikedto__44__herhandstogetherwithmineandclapwithme.Weprobablyperformedthatsongduringeveryclass,VanessaandIclappingtogether.Butshe__45__saidorsangaword.Oneday,whenthesongwasfinished,Vanessaturnedaround，__46__meintheeye,clappedhertinyhandstwiceandsaidthewords“Oh,yes！”Iopenedmymouthin__47__andforthatmomentIwastheonewhocouldnotspeak.

Whenmyheart__48__startedbeatingagain,Ilookedoverattheassistantteachertofindheralso__49___.Throughmusic,wehadmadeanawesomeconnection.Severalyearslater,ImetVanessaonthestreetintown.Shewavedwithabig__50__onherfaceandthenclappedherhandstwice,imitatingthesongwehad__51__somanytimesinourmusicclass.Thelittlegirl,__52__herconnectionwithmusic,leftanimpressiononmethatwilllastforever.Everychildhasthe__53__tolearnandgrow.Itisuptousto__54__thewaytoreacheachandeveryoneofourstudents.Weallmustfindeachchild's__55__.36.A.getacross

B.putaway

C.takeover

D.breakthrough37.A.means

B.direction

C.process

D.effort38.A.add

B.talk

C.share

D.write39.A.blessed

B.tired

C.covered

D.filled40.A.troublesome

B.hardworking

C.memorable

D.sensitive41.A.most

B.almost

C.nearly

D.mostly42.A.stand

B.sit

C.lie

D.jump43.A.sang

B.said

C.followed

D.clapped44.A.strike

B.put

C.give

D.shake45.A.ever

B.never

C.still

D.even46.A.looked

B.saw

C.glared

D.noticed47.A.horror

B.delight

C.astonishment

D.embarrassment48.A.immediately

B.fortunately

C.slowly

D.finally49.A.happy

B.grateful

C.speechless

D.hopeless50.A.greeting

B.smile

C.expression

D.sign51.A.performed

B.operated

C.trained

D.organized52.A.upon

B.through

C.from

D.beyond53.A.standard

B.ability

C.plan

D.necessity54.A.discover

B.invent

C.test

D.make55.A.virtue

B.dream

C.light

D.rhythm参考答案：36-40DACAC

41-45DBDBB

46-50ACDCB

51-55ABBAC三、阅读理解22.Plastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.“Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,”sheexplains,“Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam’sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply“millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C.Theycanconsumeplastics.D.Theywindupinlandfills.33.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB.findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC.confirmtheresearchfindingsD.increasethebreakdownspeed34.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.A.helptoraisewormsB.helpmakeplasticbagsC.beusedtocleantheoceansD.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.参考答案：32.C

33.B

34.D

35.C本文为说明文。文章介绍了一种吃塑料的虫子大蜡螟，它胃中的酶能够降解塑料，这为解决塑料污染提供了新的途径。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.可知，研究结果发现，蠕虫分解日常食物的能力让它们可以分解塑料，也就是说它们可以消费塑料。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?可知，下一步研究是辨清分解的原因，查明这种酶来源于哪里，是虫子自己产生的还是它肠道里的微生物产生的。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂可以推断出，Bertocchini希望这种化学物质将来能在工业生产中使用，而不是仅仅依靠蠕虫来分解塑料。故选D。【35题详解】写作意图题。根据文章第一段最后一句Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.可知，有一种新的方法被用于分解塑料。再根据最后一段最后一句Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂可知，Bertocchini希望将这种方法推广到工业中。由此可以推知写作意图为介绍一种分解塑料的方法。故选C。点睛：根据不同文体，推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的，通常作者的写作目的有以下三种：1)toentertainreaders（娱乐读者，让人发笑），常见于故事类的文章。2)topersuadereaders（说服读者接受某种观点），常见于广告类的文章。3)toinformreaders（告知读者某些信息），多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章。阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。本题的最后一题为写作意图题。文章为说明文，主要介绍了一项新的研究发现蠕虫可以分解塑料。因此可以推着写作意图是告知、告诉读者一种新的分解塑料的方法。23.Learninganylanguageishard,butlearningEnglishcanbeespeciallychallenging.Why?Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratch(JT)theirheads.Here'sanexample:YouhappentohearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere'snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish-theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithoutthesestrangeusagesfillingitspages.Howcantheseoddwordsbeexplained?PartoftheansweristheBritishsenseofhumor.Britonsdon'tliketotakethingstooseriously,andthisisevidentthroughmanyBritishwordsandphrases.Forexample,tospendapennymeanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet.InaninterviewfortheBBC'swebsite,BritishlinguistDavidCrystalsuggestedtheremaybehistoricalreasonsforthesheernumberofoddwordsand.phrasesinBritishEnglish.Hethinksthattheybeganinthelate16thand.early17thcenturies.Thiswasagreatageforthetheatre,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays.Thetheatre'spopularityalsocreatedanincentive(刺激)toinventnewwords.Withthisinmind,perhapsShakespeareandhispeersaretoblameforunusualBritishwordssuchas“codswallop”and“balderdash”—whichboth,ironically,meannonsense.Whilethesestrangewordsmaybeconfusingtonon-nativespeakers,theycertainlymakestudyingEnglishalotmoreinteresting.8.Accordingtothetext,whymaynon-native

speakersfindithardtolearnEnglish?A.Agreatmanystrangewordsmakenosensetothem.B.Dictionariesdon'texplainoddusagesofmanywords.C.TheEnglishtextbookstheystudyareusualoutofdate.D.TheEnglishvocabularyistoolargeforthemtolearn.9.Withtheexampleof“spendapenny”.theauthorintendsto______.A.explainthemeaningandbackgroundofthephraseB.explainhowsomestrangephaseswerecreatedC.showwhattypicalBritishsenseofhumourisD.showBritishpeople'sattitudetowardstrangewords10.AccordingtoDavidCrystal,______.A.manyofthewordsthatShakespeareinventedwerenonsenseB.Shakespeare'swor